. . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen (Praga, 11 de outubro de 1881 \u2014 Berkeley, 19 de abril de 1973) foi um jurista e fil\u00F3sofo austr\u00EDaco (nasceu em Praga, que nesta \u00E9poca pertencia ao Imp\u00E9rio Austro-H\u00FAngaro). No ocidente, especialmente nos pa\u00EDses europeus e latino-americanos, \u00E9 considerado um dos mais importantes e influentes estudiosos do Direito e o principal representante da chamada Escola Normativista do Direito, ramo da Escola Positivista. Por volta de 1940, a reputa\u00E7\u00E3o de Kelsen j\u00E1 estava bem estabelecida nos Estados Unidos, por sua defesa da democracia e pela Teoria Pura do Direito (Reine Rechtslehre). A estatura acad\u00EAmica de Kelsen excedeu a teoria legal e alargou a filosofia pol\u00EDtica e teoria social. Sua influ\u00EAncia abrange os campos da Filosofia, Direito, Sociologia, Teoria da Democracia e Rela\u00E7\u00F5es Internacionais. No final de sua carreira, enquanto na Universidade da Calif\u00F3rnia, em Berkeley, Kelsen reescreveu a Teoria Pura do Direito em uma segunda vers\u00E3o. Ao longo de sua carreira ativa, Kelsen tamb\u00E9m forneceu uma contribui\u00E7\u00E3o significativa para a teoria do controle de constitucionalidade, a teoria hier\u00E1rquica e din\u00E2mica do direito positivo, e da ci\u00EAncia do direito. Em filosofia pol\u00EDtica, ele era um defensor da teoria da identidade do Estado de direito e um defensor do contraste expl\u00EDcito dos temas de centraliza\u00E7\u00E3o e descentraliza\u00E7\u00E3o na teoria do governo. Kelsen tamb\u00E9m foi um defensor da posi\u00E7\u00E3o da separa\u00E7\u00E3o dos conceitos de Estado e da sociedade em sua rela\u00E7\u00E3o com o estudo da ci\u00EAncia do direito. A recep\u00E7\u00E3o e cr\u00EDtica do trabalho e as contribui\u00E7\u00F5es de Kelsen foram extensas, com not\u00E1veis defensores e detratores. Suas contribui\u00E7\u00F5es para a teoria legal dos julgamentos de Nuremberg foi apoiada e contestada por v\u00E1rios autores, incluindo Dinstein, na Universidade Hebraica de Jerusal\u00E9m. Tamb\u00E9m de Kelsen, a defesa do positivismo jur\u00EDdico continental (de cunho neokantista) foi apoiada por H. L. A. Hart na sua forma de positivismo jur\u00EDdico anglo-americano, que foi debatido na sua forma anglo-americana por estudiosos como Ronald Dworkin e ."@pt . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen"@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen (11. \u0159\u00EDjna 1881 Praha \u2013 19. dubna 1973 Orinda u Berkeley, Kalifornie) byl rakousk\u00FD pr\u00E1vn\u00ED teoretik, pr\u00E1vn\u00ED filozof a st\u00E1tov\u011Bdec \u010Desko-\u017Eidovsk\u00E9ho p\u016Fvodu. Zab\u00FDval se zejm\u00E9na teori\u00ED pr\u00E1va, \u00FAstavn\u00EDm pr\u00E1vem a mezin\u00E1rodn\u00EDm pr\u00E1vem. Je zakladatelem pr\u00E1vn\u011B-filozofick\u00E9ho sm\u011Bru naz\u00FDvan\u00E9ho ryz\u00ED nauka pr\u00E1vn\u00ED, jemu\u017E p\u0159\u00EDbuzn\u00E1 byla normativn\u00ED teorie pr\u00E1va."@cs . . . . . . . . . "77300"^^ . . . . . "Hans Kelsen"@en . . . "\u0413\u0430\u043D\u0441 (\u0425\u0430\u043D\u0441) \u041A\u0435\u0301\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0435\u043D (\u043D\u0435\u043C. 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"Hans Kelsen"@pt . "1881-10-11"^^ . . "Hans Kelsen, f\u00F6dd 11 oktober 1881 i Prag i d\u00E5varande \u00D6sterrike-Ungern (nuvarande Tjeckien), d\u00F6d 19 april 1973 i Berkeley i Kalifornien i USA, var en jurist och r\u00E4ttsfilosof. Han var en av 1900-talets mest tongivande r\u00E4ttsfilosofer och r\u00E4ttsteoretiker som skrivit flera framst\u00E5ende verk i r\u00E4ttspositivistisk anda. \u00C4ven hans andel vid utarbetandet av \u00D6sterrikes konstitution i b\u00F6rjan av 1900-talet var betydande."@sv . "Hans Kelsen (Praga, 1881eko urriaren 11 - Berkeley, Kalifornia, 1973ko apirilaren 19a) austriar legegizon, zuzenbidearen filosofo eta politikaren filosofoa izan zen. 1920ko Austriako Konstituzioaren egilea izan zen. Jatorriz judua, 1929an ihes egin zuen Austriatik Alemaniara, 1933an Genevara eta 1940an Estatu Batuetara. Vienan Sigmund Freud eta bere ingurua ezagutu zituen, eta soziologiaz eta psikologia sozialaz idatzi zuen. 1940ko hamarkadan jada ospetsua zen Estatu Batuetan, demokrazia defendatzeagatik eta . Haren eragina filosofia politikora eta teoria sozialera hedatu zen. Baita filosofiari, lege zientziari, soziologiari, demokraziaren teoriari eta nazioarteko harremanei ere. Bere lanak aldekoak eta aurkakoak izaten jarraitzen du."@eu . . . . . . "1121927689"^^ . . . "Hans Kelsen"@in . . . 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"Hans Kelsen (/\u02C8k\u025Bls\u0259n/; German: [\u02C8hans \u02C8k\u025Bls\u0259n]; October 11, 1881 \u2013 April 19, 1973) was an Austrian jurist, legal philosopher and political philosopher. He was the author of the 1920 Austrian Constitution, which to a very large degree is still valid today. Due to the rise of totalitarianism in Austria (and a 1929 constitutional change), Kelsen left for Germany in 1930 but was forced to leave his university post after Hitler's seizure of power in 1933 because of his Jewish ancestry. That year he left for Geneva and later moved to the United States in 1940. In 1934, Roscoe Pound lauded Kelsen as \"undoubtedly the leading jurist of the time\". While in Vienna, Kelsen met Sigmund Freud and his circle, and wrote on the subject of social psychology and sociology."@en . "Hans Kelsen (ur. 11 pa\u017Adziernika 1881 w Pradze, Austro-W\u0119gry, zm. 19 kwietnia 1973 w Berkeley, Kalifornia, Stany Zjednoczone) \u2013 austriacki prawnik i filozof prawa, przedstawiciel normatywizmu, tw\u00F3rca koncepcji \u201Eczystej teorii prawa\u201D (Reine Rechtslehre)."@pl . . . "Hans Kelsen (Praga, 11 de octubre de 1881 \u2013 Berkeley, California, 19 de abril de 1973) fue un jurista y fil\u00F3sofo austr\u00EDaco. Es considerado el jurista m\u00E1s influyente del siglo XX."@es . . "\u041A\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0435\u043D, \u0413\u0430\u043D\u0441"@ru . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen"@nl . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen (Praga, 11 de octubre de 1881 \u2013 Berkeley, California, 19 de abril de 1973) fue un jurista y fil\u00F3sofo austr\u00EDaco. Es considerado el jurista m\u00E1s influyente del siglo XX."@es . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen (/\u02C8k\u025Bls\u0259n/; German: [\u02C8hans \u02C8k\u025Bls\u0259n]; October 11, 1881 \u2013 April 19, 1973) was an Austrian jurist, legal philosopher and political philosopher. He was the author of the 1920 Austrian Constitution, which to a very large degree is still valid today. Due to the rise of totalitarianism in Austria (and a 1929 constitutional change), Kelsen left for Germany in 1930 but was forced to leave his university post after Hitler's seizure of power in 1933 because of his Jewish ancestry. That year he left for Geneva and later moved to the United States in 1940. In 1934, Roscoe Pound lauded Kelsen as \"undoubtedly the leading jurist of the time\". While in Vienna, Kelsen met Sigmund Freud and his circle, and wrote on the subject of social psychology and sociology. By the 1940s, Kelsen's reputation was already well established in the United States for his defense of democracy and for his Pure Theory of Law. Kelsen's academic stature exceeded legal theory alone and extended to political philosophy and social theory as well. His influence encompassed the fields of philosophy, legal science, sociology, the theory of democracy, and international relations. Late in his career while at the University of California, Berkeley, although officially retired in 1952, Kelsen rewrote his short book of 1934, Reine Rechtslehre (Pure Theory of Law), into a much enlarged \"second edition\" published in 1960 (it appeared in an English translation in 1967). Kelsen throughout his active career was also a significant contributor to the theory of judicial review, the hierarchical and dynamic theory of positive law, and the science of law. In political philosophy he was a defender of the state-law identity theory and an advocate of explicit contrast of the themes of centralization and decentralization in the theory of government. Kelsen was also an advocate of the position of separation of the concepts of state and society in their relation to the study of the science of law. The reception and criticism of Kelsen's work and contributions has been extensive with both ardent supporters and detractors. Kelsen's neo-Kantian defense of legal positivism was influential on H. L. A. Hart, Joseph Raz and other legal theorists in the analytical tradition of jurisprudence."@en . "Hans Kelsen (bahasa Jerman: [hans \u02C8k\u025Blz\u0259n]; 11 Oktober 1881 \u2013 19 April 1973) adalah seorang ahli hukum dan filsuf Austria. Akibat kebangkitan Nazisme di Jerman dan Austria, Kelsen terpaksa mundur dari jabatannya di universitas karena ia memiliki darah Yahudi. Ia kemudian melarikan diri ke Jenewa pada tahun 1933 dan Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1940. Pada tahun 1934, menyanjung Kelsen sebagai \"ahli hukum paling terkemuka pada masanya\". Saat masih di kota Wina. Kelsen adalah kolega muda Sigmund Freud dan telah menulis beberapa karya mengenai psikologi sosial dan sosiologi. Pada tahun 1940-an, Kelsen sudah memiliki reputasi yang tersohor di Amerika Serikat berkat upayanya untuk mempertahankan gagasan demokrasi dan juga berkat magnum opusnya yang berjudul Teori Hukum Murni. Pencapaian akademik Kelsen tidak hanya terbatas pada teori hukum. Ia juga telah menulis buku mengenai filsafat politik dan teori sosial. Belakangan, saat ia sedang berkarier di Universitas California, Berkeley, Kelsen menulis ulang \"Teori Hukum Murni\" dan menerbitkan versi keduanya. Sepanjang perjalanan kariernya, Kelsen juga telah memberikan sumbangan yang penting terhadap teori peninjauan hukum (judicial review) dan teori dinamika dan hierarki hukum positif. Dalam bidang filsafat politik, ia berupaya mempertahankan teori identitas negara-hukum dan mendukung penyandingan sentralisasi dan desentralisasi sebagai konsep yang berlawanan dalam teori pemerintahan. Kelsen juga merupakan pendukung gagasan pemisahan negara dan masyarakat dalam penelitian ilmu hukum."@in . . "Hans Kelsen"@sv . . . . . "\uD55C\uC2A4 \uCF08\uC820(Hans Kelsen, 1881\uB144 10\uC6D4 11\uC77C ~ 1973\uB144 4\uC6D4 19\uC77C)\uC740 \uC624\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB9AC\uC544\uACC4 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC778 \uBC95\uD559\uC790\uC600\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen (* 11. Oktober 1881 in Prag, \u00D6sterreich-Ungarn; \u2020 19. April 1973 in Orinda bei Berkeley, USA) gilt als einer der bedeutendsten Rechtswissenschaftler des 20. Jahrhunderts. Insbesondere brachte er im Staatsrecht und im V\u00F6lkerrecht herausragende Beitr\u00E4ge hervor, auch gilt er als exzellenter Rechtstheoretiker. Gemeinsam mit Georg Jellinek und dem Ungarn F\u00E9lix Soml\u00F3 geh\u00F6rte er der Gruppe der \u00F6sterreichischen Rechtspositivisten an, deren Denken er mit seinem Hauptwerk, die Reine Rechtslehre, ma\u00DFgeblich beeinflusste. Neben dem Einfluss H. L. A. Harts auf den Rechtspositivismus des 20. Jahrhunderts gilt der Kelsens als sehr bedeutend. Schon 1920 erkl\u00E4rte Kelsen den Respekt gegen\u00FCber Minderheiten als \u201Eh\u00F6chsten Wert\u201C einer repr\u00E4sentativen Demokratie und gilt als Architekt der im selben Jahr geschaffenen \u00F6sterreichischen Bundesverfassung. Diese ist bis heute gro\u00DFteils noch in Kraft."@de . . . . . "1881"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0643\u064A\u0644\u0633\u0646"@ar . . . . . . . . "1881-10-11"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "\u6C49\u65AF\u00B7\u51EF\u5C14\u68EE\uFF08Hans Kelsen\uFF0C1881\u5E7410\u670811\u65E5\uFF0D1973\u5E744\u670819\u65E5\uFF09\u662F20\u4E16\u7EAA\u8457\u540D\u5965\u5730\u5229\u88D4\u72B9\u592A\u4EBA\u6CD5\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u6CD5\u5F8B\u5B9E\u8BC1\u4E3B\u4E49\u7684\u4EE3\u8868\u4EBA\u7269\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . "Dl\u00ED-eola\u00ED agus fealsamh dl\u00ED agus polait\u00EDochta ab ea Hans Kelsen (11 Deireadh F\u00F3mhair 1881 \u2013 19 Aibe\u00E1n 1973)."@ga . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen"@en . "Hans Kelsen (Praga, 11 de outubro de 1881 \u2014 Berkeley, 19 de abril de 1973) foi um jurista e fil\u00F3sofo austr\u00EDaco (nasceu em Praga, que nesta \u00E9poca pertencia ao Imp\u00E9rio Austro-H\u00FAngaro). No ocidente, especialmente nos pa\u00EDses europeus e latino-americanos, \u00E9 considerado um dos mais importantes e influentes estudiosos do Direito e o principal representante da chamada Escola Normativista do Direito, ramo da Escola Positivista."@pt . . . . "1911"^^ . . . . "Hans Kelsen (Praga, 11 ottobre 1881 \u2013 Berkeley, 19 aprile 1973) \u00E8 stato un giurista e filosofo austriaco, tra i pi\u00F9 importanti teorici del diritto del Novecento e il maggior esponente del normativismo. Di nazionalit\u00E0 austriaca, nel 1933, per via della ascesa del nazismo in Germania e della sua origine ebraica, Kelsen dovette lasciare la sua carica universitaria, trasferendosi a Ginevra e, nel 1940, negli Stati Uniti. Nel 1934, Nathan Roscoe Pound lod\u00F2 Kelsen descrivendolo come \"senza dubbio il pi\u00F9 importante giurista del tempo\"."@it . "1973-04-19"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen"@ca . "Hans Kelsen"@it . . . "Hans Kelsen (* 11. Oktober 1881 in Prag, \u00D6sterreich-Ungarn; \u2020 19. April 1973 in Orinda bei Berkeley, USA) gilt als einer der bedeutendsten Rechtswissenschaftler des 20. Jahrhunderts. Insbesondere brachte er im Staatsrecht und im V\u00F6lkerrecht herausragende Beitr\u00E4ge hervor, auch gilt er als exzellenter Rechtstheoretiker. Gemeinsam mit Georg Jellinek und dem Ungarn F\u00E9lix Soml\u00F3 geh\u00F6rte er der Gruppe der \u00F6sterreichischen Rechtspositivisten an, deren Denken er mit seinem Hauptwerk, die Reine Rechtslehre, ma\u00DFgeblich beeinflusste. Neben dem Einfluss H. L. A. Harts auf den Rechtspositivismus des 20. Jahrhunderts gilt der Kelsens als sehr bedeutend."@de . . . "\u0413\u0430\u043D\u0441 \u041A\u0435\u0301\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0435\u043D (\u043D\u0456\u043C. Hans Kelsen, 11 \u0436\u043E\u0432\u0442\u043D\u044F 1881, \u041F\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u2014 19 \u043A\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043D\u044F 1973, \u041E\u0440\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0443 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043B\u0456 (\u041A\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0456\u044F)) \u2014 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u044E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0456 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044E, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0456 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0434\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u2014 \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0457."@uk . . "Hauptprobleme der Staatsrechtslehre entwickelt aus der Lehre vom Rechtssatze"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen, f\u00F6dd 11 oktober 1881 i Prag i d\u00E5varande \u00D6sterrike-Ungern (nuvarande Tjeckien), d\u00F6d 19 april 1973 i Berkeley i Kalifornien i USA, var en jurist och r\u00E4ttsfilosof. Han var en av 1900-talets mest tongivande r\u00E4ttsfilosofer och r\u00E4ttsteoretiker som skrivit flera framst\u00E5ende verk i r\u00E4ttspositivistisk anda. \u00C4ven hans andel vid utarbetandet av \u00D6sterrikes konstitution i b\u00F6rjan av 1900-talet var betydande."@sv . "Hans Kelsen, n\u00E9 le 11 octobre 1881 \u00E0 Prague sous l'Empire austro-hongrois et mort le 19 avril 1973 \u00E0 Orinda en Californie, est un juriste austro-am\u00E9ricain, fils d'une famille juive de Boh\u00EAme et de Galicie. Th\u00E9oricien du droit, il est l'auteur de la \u00AB Th\u00E9orie pure du droit \u00BB, \u0153uvre phare de la discipline. Il est le fondateur du normativisme et du principe de la hi\u00E9rarchie des normes. Hans Kelsen appartient au mouvement du positivisme juridique, qui s'oppose au jusnaturalisme en pr\u00E9tendant d\u00E9crire objectivement tout syst\u00E8me juridique, sans faire appel \u00E0 des valeurs morales extrins\u00E8ques au droit. Il enseigna au Juridicum de Vienne entre 1911 et 1929. Contraint de fuir l'Autriche apr\u00E8s l'Anschluss en raison de son ascendance juive, il s'exila aux \u00C9tats-Unis o\u00F9 il enseigna \u00E0 la facult\u00E9 de droit Boalt Hall de l'universit\u00E9 de Californie \u00E0 Berkeley."@fr . . "Hans Kelsen"@es . . "\u6C49\u65AF\u00B7\u51EF\u5C14\u68EE"@zh . . . . "University of Vienna"@en . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen AFI [\u02C8hans \u02C8k\u025Bls\u0259n]; (Praga, Imperi austrohongar\u00E8s, 1881- Orinda , Berkeley, Estats Units, 1973) fou un jurista, fil\u00F2sof, professor i pol\u00EDtic austr\u00EDac d'origen jueu. \u00C9s considerat un dels juristes m\u00E9s importants del segle xx."@ca . "1973-04-19"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen (Praag, 11 oktober 1881 \u2013 Orinda, 19 april 1973) was een Oostenrijks-Amerikaanse jurist. Hij is bekend geworden door zijn bijdragen op het gebied van staatsrecht, internationaal recht en algemene rechtstheorie. Hij was de belangrijkste rechtspositivist van de 20e eeuw, dit is de zuivere rechtsleer (de Reine Rechtslehre), dat alleen de feitelijk geschreven of uitgevoerde wettelijkheid laat gelden zoals zij fungeert als machtsmiddel in empirische staten of bestaande maatschappijvormen. Van de ethische grondslag van het eigenlijke recht (natuurrecht) wordt daarbij afgezien."@nl . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen"@fr . "Hans Kelsen"@ga . . . "\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0643\u064A\u0644\u0633\u0646 (11 \u0623\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0628\u0631 1881 \u2013 19 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0644 1973) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u064A\u0647\u064B\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064A\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064A \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1920\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062D\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u064A\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627. \u063A\u0627\u062F\u0631 \u0643\u064A\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1930 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062A\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 (\u0648\u062A\u0639\u062F\u064A\u0644 \u062F\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A \u062C\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1929)\u060C \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062C\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064A \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0633\u062A\u064A\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u062A\u0644\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1933 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F\u064A\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064A \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060C \u063A\u0627\u062F\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062C\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062D\u0642\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1940 \u063A\u0627\u062F\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629. \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1934\u060C \u0623\u0634\u0627\u062F \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0646\u062F \u0628\u0643\u064A\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u00AB\u0641\u0642\u064A\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062F \u062F\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u00BB. \u062D\u064A\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A\u064A\u0646\u0627\u060C \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u064A\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u064A\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062F \u0641\u0631\u0648\u064A\u062F \u0648\u062F\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062A\u0647\u060C \u0648\u0643\u062A\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064A \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen"@en . . . . . . . . . "\u30CF\u30F3\u30B9\u30FB\u30B1\u30EB\u30BC\u30F3\uFF08Hans Kelsen\u30011881\u5E7410\u670811\u65E5 - 1973\u5E744\u670819\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30AA\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30EA\u30A2\u51FA\u8EAB\u306E\u516C\u6CD5\u5B66\u8005\u30FB\u56FD\u969B\u6CD5\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u30DE\u30EB\u30AC\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\u592B\u4EBA\u306E\u7525\uFF08\u7FA9\u7406\u306E\u7525\uFF09\u306B\u30D4\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u30FB\u30C9\u30E9\u30C3\u30AB\u30FC\u304C\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u30B1\u30EB\u30BC\u30F3\u5BB6\u306F\u30A6\u30AF\u30E9\u30A4\u30CA\u306E\u30D6\u30ED\u30C7\u30A3\u304B\u3089\u30C1\u30A7\u30B3\u306B\u79FB\u4F4F\u3057\u305F\u6771\u6B27\u7CFB\u30E6\u30C0\u30E4\u4EBA\u306E\u5BB6\u7CFB\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . "\u0413\u0430\u043D\u0441 (\u0425\u0430\u043D\u0441) \u041A\u0435\u0301\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0435\u043D (\u043D\u0435\u043C. Hans Kelsen; 11 \u043E\u043A\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1881, \u041F\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u2014 19 \u0430\u043F\u0440\u0435\u043B\u044F 1973, \u041E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0434\u0430, \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u041A\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u044F) \u2014 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E-\u043D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0446\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u044E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444, \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 400 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442 \u043F\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0430\u043C \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044B \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044C\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u2014 \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438."@ru . . . . . . . . "Hermann CohenHumeKantVaihinger"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen (Praag, 11 oktober 1881 \u2013 Orinda, 19 april 1973) was een Oostenrijks-Amerikaanse jurist. Hij is bekend geworden door zijn bijdragen op het gebied van staatsrecht, internationaal recht en algemene rechtstheorie. Hij was de belangrijkste rechtspositivist van de 20e eeuw, dit is de zuivere rechtsleer (de Reine Rechtslehre), dat alleen de feitelijk geschreven of uitgevoerde wettelijkheid laat gelden zoals zij fungeert als machtsmiddel in empirische staten of bestaande maatschappijvormen. Van de ethische grondslag van het eigenlijke recht (natuurrecht) wordt daarbij afgezien."@nl . . . "\uD55C\uC2A4 \uCF08\uC820"@ko . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen AFI [\u02C8hans \u02C8k\u025Bls\u0259n]; (Praga, Imperi austrohongar\u00E8s, 1881- Orinda , Berkeley, Estats Units, 1973) fou un jurista, fil\u00F2sof, professor i pol\u00EDtic austr\u00EDac d'origen jueu. \u00C9s considerat un dels juristes m\u00E9s importants del segle xx. \u00C9s autor de la de 1920, que encara en gran manera continua vigent. A causa de l'augment del totalitarisme a \u00C0ustria (i un canvi constitucional de 1929) Kelsen se'n va anar a Alemanya el 1930 per\u00F2 va ser obligat a abandonar aquest lloc despr\u00E9s de la presa del poder de Hitler el 1933 a causa de la seva ascend\u00E8ncia jueva. Aquest any va partir a Ginebra i despr\u00E9s es va traslladar als Estats Units el 1940. El 1934, Roscoe Pound va qualificar Kelsen com \"el jurista m\u00E9s important del moment\". Mentre s'estigu\u00E9 a Viena, Kelsen va con\u00E8ixer Sigmund Freud i el seu cercle i va escriure sobre la psicologia social i la sociologia. Als anys quaranta, la reputaci\u00F3 de Kelsen ja estava ben establerta als Estats Units per la seva defensa de la democr\u00E0cia i per la seva . L'envergadura acad\u00E8mica de Kelsen va superar per si sola la teoria legal i es va estendre a la filosofia pol\u00EDtica i la a teoria social tamb\u00E9. La seva influ\u00E8ncia abast\u00E0 els camps de la filosofia, la ci\u00E8ncia jur\u00EDdica, la sociologia, la teoria de la democr\u00E0cia i les relacions internacionals. A les darreries de la seva carrera a la Universitat de Calif\u00F2rnia a Berkeley, tot i que es va retirar oficialment el 1952, Kelsen va reescriure el seu llibre curt de 1934, Reine Rechtslehre (Teoria pura del dret), en un \"segona edici\u00F3\" molt ampliada publicada el 1960 (va apar\u00E8ixer en una traducci\u00F3 anglesa el 1967). Al llarg de la seva carrera activa, Kelsen tamb\u00E9 va contribuir significativament a la teoria de la revisi\u00F3 judicial, la teoria jer\u00E0rquica i din\u00E0mica del dret positiu i la ci\u00E8ncia del dret. En filosofia pol\u00EDtica, va ser un defensor de la teoria de la identitat del dret estatal i un defensor de la contrastaci\u00F3 expl\u00EDcita dels temes de centralitzaci\u00F3 i descentralitzaci\u00F3 en la teoria del govern. Kelsen tamb\u00E9 va ser un defensor de la posici\u00F3 de separaci\u00F3 dels conceptes d'Estat i de societat en la seva relaci\u00F3 amb l'estudi de la ci\u00E8ncia del dret. La recepci\u00F3 i la cr\u00EDtica de l'obra i les contribucions de Kelsen han estat extenses, tant amb partidaris com en detractors ardents. Les contribucions de Kelsen a la teoria legal dels processos de Nuremberg van rebre el suport i foren i contestades per diversos autors, incloent Dinstein a la Universitat hebrea de Jerusalem. La defensa neokantiana del continental de Kelsen va rebre el suport de H. L. A. Hart en la seva forma contrastada de positivisme jur\u00EDdic angloameric\u00E0, que va ser debatut en la seva forma angloamericana per erudits com i ."@ca . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen"@de . . . . . "Dl\u00ED-eola\u00ED agus fealsamh dl\u00ED agus polait\u00EDochta ab ea Hans Kelsen (11 Deireadh F\u00F3mhair 1881 \u2013 19 Aibe\u00E1n 1973)."@ga . . . "\u6C49\u65AF\u00B7\u51EF\u5C14\u68EE\uFF08Hans Kelsen\uFF0C1881\u5E7410\u670811\u65E5\uFF0D1973\u5E744\u670819\u65E5\uFF09\u662F20\u4E16\u7EAA\u8457\u540D\u5965\u5730\u5229\u88D4\u72B9\u592A\u4EBA\u6CD5\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u6CD5\u5F8B\u5B9E\u8BC1\u4E3B\u4E49\u7684\u4EE3\u8868\u4EBA\u7269\u3002"@zh . "Hans Kelsen"@cs . "Hans Kelsen (ur. 11 pa\u017Adziernika 1881 w Pradze, Austro-W\u0119gry, zm. 19 kwietnia 1973 w Berkeley, Kalifornia, Stany Zjednoczone) \u2013 austriacki prawnik i filozof prawa, przedstawiciel normatywizmu, tw\u00F3rca koncepcji \u201Eczystej teorii prawa\u201D (Reine Rechtslehre)."@pl . "1290247"^^ . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen \u2013 bust in the Arkadenhof, University of Vienna"@en . "Hans Kelsen"@eu . . . "\uD55C\uC2A4 \uCF08\uC820(Hans Kelsen, 1881\uB144 10\uC6D4 11\uC77C ~ 1973\uB144 4\uC6D4 19\uC77C)\uC740 \uC624\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB9AC\uC544\uACC4 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC778 \uBC95\uD559\uC790\uC600\uB2E4."@ko . "1973"^^ . . . . . . . "\u0413\u0430\u043D\u0441 \u041A\u0435\u0301\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0435\u043D (\u043D\u0456\u043C. Hans Kelsen, 11 \u0436\u043E\u0432\u0442\u043D\u044F 1881, \u041F\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u2014 19 \u043A\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043D\u044F 1973, \u041E\u0440\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0443 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043B\u0456 (\u041A\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0456\u044F)) \u2014 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u044E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0456 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044E, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0456 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0434\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u2014 \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hans Kelsen (Praga, 1881eko urriaren 11 - Berkeley, Kalifornia, 1973ko apirilaren 19a) austriar legegizon, zuzenbidearen filosofo eta politikaren filosofoa izan zen. 1920ko Austriako Konstituzioaren egilea izan zen. Jatorriz judua, 1929an ihes egin zuen Austriatik Alemaniara, 1933an Genevara eta 1940an Estatu Batuetara. Vienan Sigmund Freud eta bere ingurua ezagutu zituen, eta soziologiaz eta psikologia sozialaz idatzi zuen. Bere lanak aldekoak eta aurkakoak izaten jarraitzen du."@eu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30CF\u30F3\u30B9\u30FB\u30B1\u30EB\u30BC\u30F3\uFF08Hans Kelsen\u30011881\u5E7410\u670811\u65E5 - 1973\u5E744\u670819\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30AA\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30EA\u30A2\u51FA\u8EAB\u306E\u516C\u6CD5\u5B66\u8005\u30FB\u56FD\u969B\u6CD5\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u30DE\u30EB\u30AC\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\u592B\u4EBA\u306E\u7525\uFF08\u7FA9\u7406\u306E\u7525\uFF09\u306B\u30D4\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u30FB\u30C9\u30E9\u30C3\u30AB\u30FC\u304C\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u30B1\u30EB\u30BC\u30F3\u5BB6\u306F\u30A6\u30AF\u30E9\u30A4\u30CA\u306E\u30D6\u30ED\u30C7\u30A3\u304B\u3089\u30C1\u30A7\u30B3\u306B\u79FB\u4F4F\u3057\u305F\u6771\u6B27\u7CFB\u30E6\u30C0\u30E4\u4EBA\u306E\u5BB6\u7CFB\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . "\u30CF\u30F3\u30B9\u30FB\u30B1\u30EB\u30BC\u30F3"@ja . "Hans Kelsen, n\u00E9 le 11 octobre 1881 \u00E0 Prague sous l'Empire austro-hongrois et mort le 19 avril 1973 \u00E0 Orinda en Californie, est un juriste austro-am\u00E9ricain, fils d'une famille juive de Boh\u00EAme et de Galicie. Th\u00E9oricien du droit, il est l'auteur de la \u00AB Th\u00E9orie pure du droit \u00BB, \u0153uvre phare de la discipline. Il est le fondateur du normativisme et du principe de la hi\u00E9rarchie des normes. Hans Kelsen appartient au mouvement du positivisme juridique, qui s'oppose au jusnaturalisme en pr\u00E9tendant d\u00E9crire objectivement tout syst\u00E8me juridique, sans faire appel \u00E0 des valeurs morales extrins\u00E8ques au droit."@fr . . "Hans Kelsen (bahasa Jerman: [hans \u02C8k\u025Blz\u0259n]; 11 Oktober 1881 \u2013 19 April 1973) adalah seorang ahli hukum dan filsuf Austria. Akibat kebangkitan Nazisme di Jerman dan Austria, Kelsen terpaksa mundur dari jabatannya di universitas karena ia memiliki darah Yahudi. Ia kemudian melarikan diri ke Jenewa pada tahun 1933 dan Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1940. Pada tahun 1934, menyanjung Kelsen sebagai \"ahli hukum paling terkemuka pada masanya\". Saat masih di kota Wina. Kelsen adalah kolega muda Sigmund Freud dan telah menulis beberapa karya mengenai psikologi sosial dan sosiologi."@in . . . "BobbioDreierHartRazKunz"@en . . . . . . "\u0413\u0430\u043D\u0441 \u041A\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0435\u043D"@uk . . "20"^^ . . . . "Hans Kelsen (11. \u0159\u00EDjna 1881 Praha \u2013 19. dubna 1973 Orinda u Berkeley, Kalifornie) byl rakousk\u00FD pr\u00E1vn\u00ED teoretik, pr\u00E1vn\u00ED filozof a st\u00E1tov\u011Bdec \u010Desko-\u017Eidovsk\u00E9ho p\u016Fvodu. Zab\u00FDval se zejm\u00E9na teori\u00ED pr\u00E1va, \u00FAstavn\u00EDm pr\u00E1vem a mezin\u00E1rodn\u00EDm pr\u00E1vem. Je zakladatelem pr\u00E1vn\u011B-filozofick\u00E9ho sm\u011Bru naz\u00FDvan\u00E9ho ryz\u00ED nauka pr\u00E1vn\u00ED, jemu\u017E p\u0159\u00EDbuzn\u00E1 byla normativn\u00ED teorie pr\u00E1va."@cs . . . "Hans Kelsen (Praga, 11 ottobre 1881 \u2013 Berkeley, 19 aprile 1973) \u00E8 stato un giurista e filosofo austriaco, tra i pi\u00F9 importanti teorici del diritto del Novecento e il maggior esponente del normativismo. Di nazionalit\u00E0 austriaca, nel 1933, per via della ascesa del nazismo in Germania e della sua origine ebraica, Kelsen dovette lasciare la sua carica universitaria, trasferendosi a Ginevra e, nel 1940, negli Stati Uniti. Nel 1934, Nathan Roscoe Pound lod\u00F2 Kelsen descrivendolo come \"senza dubbio il pi\u00F9 importante giurista del tempo\". Nel 1940, negli Stati Uniti la fama di Kelsen era gi\u00E0 ben consolidata per la sua difesa della democrazia e per la sua grande opera \"La dottrina pura del diritto\" (Reine Rechtslehre). La rilevanza scientifica dell'opera di Kelsen oltrepassa i limiti della sola teoria del diritto e si estende alla filosofia politica e alla sociologia. La sua influenza comprende i campi della filosofia, della scienza giuridica, della sociologia, della teoria della democrazia e delle relazioni internazionali. Nel 1960, mentre insegnava all'Universit\u00E0 della California, Berkeley, Kelsen pubblic\u00F2 una seconda edizione, molto ampliata, del libro del 1934 \"La dottrina pura del diritto\". Durante la sua carriera dette anche un contributo significativo alla teoria del controllo di costituzionalit\u00E0 delle leggi e alla teoria del diritto positivo come ordinamento normativo gerarchico e dinamico. Fu un difensore della teoria dell'identit\u00E0 di stato e diritto, e un sostenitore della separazione tra scienza giuridica, da una parte, e filosofia morale, teoria politica e scienze sociali, dall'altra. La recezione e la critica della sua opera sono state ampie, sia con entusiasti sostenitori che con critici. La difesa kelseniana del positivismo giuridico da una prospettiva neokantiana ha avuto influenza su H.L.A. Hart e sulla teoria del diritto di indirizzo analitico."@it . . . .