. "Empire"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"Latin"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Constantine XI"@en . . . . . . . . . "1449"^^ . . . . . . . . "numerous others"@en . . . . . "\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438"@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The Roman Empire in AD 117, at its greatest extent."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1453"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Solidus de Valentinien MAN .jpg"@en . . . "La hist\u00F2ria de l'Imperi Rom\u00E0 va comen\u00E7ar amb August i va finalitzar el 1453 amb la caiguda de Constantinoble, i va estar marcada per l'ascens i caiguda dels seus m\u00E0xims responsables. L'Imperi Rom\u00E0 va ser una etapa de la civilitzaci\u00F3 romana en l'antiguitat cl\u00E0ssica caracteritzada per una forma de govern autocr\u00E0tic. El naixement de l'imperi ve precedit per l'expansi\u00F3 de la seva capital, Roma, que va estendre el seu control a l'entorn del mar Mediterrani. Sota l'etapa imperial els dominis de Roma van seguir augmentant, i arribaren a la m\u00E0xima extensi\u00F3 durant el regnat de Traj\u00E0, des de l'oce\u00E0 Atl\u00E0ntic a l'oest fins a les ribes del mar Caspi, el mar Roig i el golf P\u00E8rsic a l'est, i des del desert del S\u00E0hara al sud fins a les terres boscoses a la vora dels rius Rin i Danubi i a la frontera amb Caled\u00F2nia al nord. La superf\u00EDcie m\u00E0xima estimada en seria d'uns 6,5 milions de km\u00B2. El terme \u00E9s la traducci\u00F3 de l'expressi\u00F3 llatina Imperium Romanum, que no significa altra cosa que el domini de Roma sobre aquest territori. Polibi va ser un dels primers cronistes a documentar l'expansi\u00F3 de Roma encara com a rep\u00FAblica. Durant gaireb\u00E9 tres segles abans de C\u00E8sar August, Roma havia adquirit nombrosos dominis en forma de prov\u00EDncies directament sota administraci\u00F3 senatorial o sota gesti\u00F3 consular, i tamb\u00E9 mitjan\u00E7ant pactes d'adhesi\u00F3 com a protectorats d'estats aliats. La seva principal competidora en aquella \u00E8poca era la ciutat p\u00FAnica de Cartago, que rivalitzava amb la de Roma i per aix\u00F2 va ser la primera gran v\u00EDctima de la rep\u00FAblica. Les guerres p\u00FAniques van obligar Roma a sortir de les seves fronteres naturals, la pen\u00EDnsula It\u00E0lica, i a poc a poc va anar adquirint nous dominis que havia d'administrar, com Sic\u00EDlia, Sardenya, C\u00F2rsega, Hisp\u00E0nia, Il\u00B7l\u00EDria, etc. Els dominis de Roma es van fer tan extensos que aviat van ser dif\u00EDcilment governables per un Senat incapa\u00E7 de moure's de la capital ni de prendre decisions amb rapidesa. Aix\u00ED mateix, un ex\u00E8rcit creixent va revelar la import\u00E0ncia que tenia posseir l'autoritat sobre les tropes, amb vista a obtenir r\u00E8dits pol\u00EDtics. Aix\u00ED va ser com van sorgir personatges ambiciosos amb l'objectiu principal del poder. Aquest va ser el cas de Juli C\u00E8sar, que no sols va ampliar els dominis de Roma conquerint la G\u00E0l\u00B7lia, sin\u00F3 que va desafiar l'autoritat del Senat rom\u00E0. L'Imperi Rom\u00E0 com a sistema pol\u00EDtic va sorgir despr\u00E9s de les guerres civils que van seguir la mort de Juli C\u00E8sar, en els moments finals de la Rep\u00FAblica Romana. Es va al\u00E7ar com a mandatari absolut de Roma, fent-se nomenar dictator. Aquesta gosadia no va agradar als membres del Senat rom\u00E0, que van conspirar contra ell i l'assassinaren durant els Idus de mar\u00E7 a les mateixes escalinates del Senat, restablint aix\u00ED la rep\u00FAblica, per\u00F2 la seva tornada seria ef\u00EDmera. El precedent no va passar desapercebut per al jove fill adoptiu de C\u00E8sar, Octavi August, que seria enviat anys m\u00E9s tard a combatre contra l'ambiciosa alian\u00E7a de Marc Antoni i Cle\u00F2patra VII. Al seu retorn victori\u00F3s, la implantaci\u00F3 del sistema pol\u00EDtic imperial sobre un imperi territorial que de fet ja existia, fou inevitable, tot i mantenir les formes republicanes. August va assegurar el poder imperial amb importants reformes i una unitat pol\u00EDtica i cultural (civilitzaci\u00F3 grecoromana) centrada en els pa\u00EFsos mediterranis, que mantindrien la seva vig\u00E8ncia fins a l'arribada de Diocleci\u00E0, que va tractar de salvar un imperi que queia cap a l'abisme. Va ser aquest \u00FAltim qui, per primera vegada, va dividir l'imperi per facilitar-ne la gesti\u00F3. L'imperi es va tornar a unir i separar en diverses ocasions seguint el ritme de guerres civils, usurpadors i repartiments entre hereus al tron fins que, a la mort de Teodosi I el Gran, va quedar definitivament dividit. Finalment el 476 Odoacre va deposar l'\u00FAltim emperador d'Occident, R\u00F2mul Aug\u00FAstul. El Senat va enviar les ins\u00EDgnies a Constantinoble, la capital d'Orient, formalitzant aix\u00ED la capitulaci\u00F3 de l'imperi d'occident. L'imperi oriental prosseguiria diversos segles m\u00E9s sota el nom d'Imperi Rom\u00E0 d'Orient, fins que el 1453 Constantinoble va caure sota l'Imperi Otom\u00E0. El llegat de Roma va ser immens, tant \u00E9s aix\u00ED que diversos van ser els intents de restauraci\u00F3 de l'imperi, almenys en la seva denominaci\u00F3. En destaca l'intent de Justini\u00E0 I, per mitj\u00E0 dels seus generals Nars\u00E8s i Belisari, el de Carlemany, aix\u00ED com el del mateix Sacre Imperi romanogerm\u00E0nic, per\u00F2 cap va arribar mai a reunificar tots els territoris de la Mediterr\u00E0nia com una vegada va aconseguir la Roma dels temps cl\u00E0ssics. Amb el col\u00B7lapse de l'Imperi Rom\u00E0 d'Occident va finalitzar el que s'ha anomenat en la historiografia l'edat antiga i don\u00E0 pas a l'alta edat mitjana. Per a la fase medieval de l'Imperi Rom\u00E0, vegeu Hist\u00F2ria de l'Imperi Rom\u00E0 d'Orient."@ca . . . . . . . . "Kekaisaran Romawi (Latin: IMPERIVM ROMANVM atau Imperium Romanum) adalah sebuah entitas politik yang pernah berkuasa di Italia saat ini dengan Roma sebagai pusat pemerintahannya. Walaupun kota Roma telah berdiri sejak tahun 753 SM, perlu waktu 500 tahun bagi pemerintah Romawi untuk meneguhkan kekuasaannya hingga melewati semenanjung Italia. Bagian selanjutnya akan menguraikan peristiwa-peristiwa besar (Major Event) yang terjadi selama Kekaisaran Romawi berdiri."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "--04-13"^^ . . . . . . "A hist\u00F3ria do Imp\u00E9rio Romano se estende por v\u00E1rios s\u00E9culos, iniciando com a desestrutura\u00E7\u00E3o da Rep\u00FAblica Romana em decorr\u00EAncia das guerras civis at\u00E9 476, ano que o restante do Imp\u00E9rio Romano do Ocidente \u00E9 conquistado pelo oficial romano de origem b\u00E1rbara Odoacro."@pt . . . . . "Capital cities"@en . . . . . . . "527"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "0330-05-11"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "610"^^ . . . . . . . . . "\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u6B77\u53F2\u7531\u7F85\u99AC\u5171\u548C\u570B\u7D50\u675F\u5F8C\u7684\u516C\u5143\u524D27\u5E74\u958B\u59CB\uFF0C\u6A6B\u8DE8\u5341\u516D\u500B\u4E16\u7D00\u3001\u5305\u62EC\u4E86\u7F85\u99AC\u5728\u6578\u500B\u4E0D\u540C\u968E\u6BB5\u7684\u8F49\u8B8A\uFF1B\u53E4\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u6642\u4EE3\u3001\u5E1D\u570B\u5206\u88C2\u6642\u671F\u3001\u5EF6\u7E8C\u5230\u4E2D\u4E16\u7D00\u7684\u6771\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\uFF08\u53C8\u7A31\u62DC\u5360\u5EAD\u5E1D\u570B\uFF09\u6642\u4EE3\u3001\u4E26\u73FE\u4EE3\u53F2\u7684\u958B\u59CB\u90FD\u5305\u542B\u5728\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u7684\u6B77\u53F2\u4E2D\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . "1261-07-25"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Sejarah Kekaisaran Romawi"@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "0476-09-04"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u6B77\u53F2\u7531\u7F85\u99AC\u5171\u548C\u570B\u7D50\u675F\u5F8C\u7684\u516C\u5143\u524D27\u5E74\u958B\u59CB\uFF0C\u6A6B\u8DE8\u5341\u516D\u500B\u4E16\u7D00\u3001\u5305\u62EC\u4E86\u7F85\u99AC\u5728\u6578\u500B\u4E0D\u540C\u968E\u6BB5\u7684\u8F49\u8B8A\uFF1B\u53E4\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u6642\u4EE3\u3001\u5E1D\u570B\u5206\u88C2\u6642\u671F\u3001\u5EF6\u7E8C\u5230\u4E2D\u4E16\u7D00\u7684\u6771\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\uFF08\u53C8\u7A31\u62DC\u5360\u5EAD\u5E1D\u570B\uFF09\u6642\u4EE3\u3001\u4E26\u73FE\u4EE3\u53F2\u7684\u958B\u59CB\u90FD\u5305\u542B\u5728\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u7684\u6B77\u53F2\u4E2D\u3002"@zh . . . . "Augustus Aureus infobox version.png"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629"@ar . . . . . . 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\u062D\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628 \u060C \u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 395 \u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u062C\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064A\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u062F\u0623\u062A \u062A\u062A\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062C\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0647 \u0637\u063A\u062A \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062F\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u064A\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062C\u0631\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062D\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0632\u0627\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062C\u062D\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0632\u0627\u0629 \u060C"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . "Roman Republic"@en . "Greek"@en . . . . . . . . . . "right"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "'"@en . . "AD 390"@en . . . . . "4400000"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "780"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "Historio de la Romia Imperio"@eo . . . . . . . . . . . . "A hist\u00F3ria do Imp\u00E9rio Romano se estende por v\u00E1rios s\u00E9culos, iniciando com a desestrutura\u00E7\u00E3o da Rep\u00FAblica Romana em decorr\u00EAncia das guerras civis at\u00E9 476, ano que o restante do Imp\u00E9rio Romano do Ocidente \u00E9 conquistado pelo oficial romano de origem b\u00E1rbara Odoacro."@pt . . "'"@en . . . . . . "17958273"^^ . . . ""@en . . "AD 117"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "'(SPQR)"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Roman Empire Trajan 117AD.png"@en . . . . . . . "History of the Roman Empire"@en . . . . . . "Roman Empire"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "32"^^ . . . "The history of the Roman Empire covers the history of ancient Rome from the fall of the Roman Republic in 27 BC until the abdication of Romulus Augustulus in AD 476 in the West, and the Fall of Constantinople in the East in AD 1453. Ancient Rome became a territorial empire while still a republic, but was then ruled by Roman emperors beginning with Augustus (r. 27 BC \u2013 AD 14), becoming the Roman Empire following the death of the last republican dictator, the first emperor's adoptive father Julius Caesar. Rome had begun expanding shortly after the founding of the Roman Republic in the 6th century BC, though it did not expand outside the Italian Peninsula until the 3rd century BC. Civil war engulfed the Roman state in the mid 1st century BC, first between Julius Caesar and Pompey, and finally between Octavian and Mark Antony. Antony was defeated at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC. In 27 BC, the Senate made Octavian imperator (\"commander\") thus beginning the Principate, the first epoch of Roman imperial history usually dated from 27 BC to AD 284; they later awarded him the name Augustus, \"the venerated\". Subsequent emperors all took this name as the imperial title Augustus. The success of Augustus in establishing principles of dynastic succession was limited by his outliving a number of talented potential heirs; the Julio-Claudian dynasty lasted for four more emperors\u2014Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero\u2014before it yielded in AD 69 to the strife-torn Year of the Four Emperors, from which Vespasian emerged as victor. Vespasian became the founder of the brief Flavian dynasty, to be followed by the Nerva\u2013Antonine dynasty which produced the \"Five Good Emperors\": Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and the philosophically inclined Marcus Aurelius. In the view of the Greek historian Dio Cassius, a contemporary observer, the accession of the emperor Commodus in AD 180 marked the descent \"from a kingdom of gold to one of rust and iron\"\u2014a famous comment which has led some historians, notably Edward Gibbon, to take Commodus' reign as the beginning of the decline of the Roman Empire. In 212, during the reign of Caracalla, Roman citizenship was granted to all freeborn inhabitants of the Empire. Despite this gesture of universality, the Severan dynasty was tumultuous\u2014an emperor's reign was ended routinely by his murder or execution\u2014and following its collapse, the Roman Empire was engulfed by the Crisis of the Third Century, a period of invasions, civil strife, economic disorder, and epidemic disease. In defining historical epochs, this crisis is typically viewed as marking the start of the Later Roman Empire, and also the transition from Classical antiquity to Late antiquity. In the reign of Philip the Arab (r. 244\u2013249), Rome celebrated the thousandth anniversary of her founding by Romulus and Remus with the Saecular Games. Diocletian (r. 284\u2013305) restored stability to the empire, modifying the role of princeps and becoming the first emperor to be addressed by Roman citizens as domine, \"master\" or \"lord\" or referred to as dominus noster \"our lord\". Diocletian's reign also brought the Empire's most concerted effort against the perceived threat of Christianity, the \"Great Persecution\". The state of absolute monarchy that began with Diocletian endured until the fall of the Eastern Roman Empire in 1453. Diocletian divided the empire into four regions, each ruled by an emperor (the Tetrarchy). Confident that he fixed the disorders plaguing Rome, he abdicated along with his co-augustus, and the Tetrarchy eventually collapsed in the civil wars of the Tetrarchy. Order was eventually restored by the victories of Constantine, who became the first emperor to convert to Christianity, and who founded Constantinople as a new capital for the empire after defeating his co-emperor Licinius. The reign of Julian, who under the influence of his adviser Mardonius attempted to restore Classical Roman and Hellenistic religion, only briefly interrupted the succession of Christian emperors of the Constantinian dynasty. During the decades of the Valentinianic and Theodosian dynasties, the established practice of multiple emperors was continued. Theodosius I, the last emperor to rule over both the Eastern empire and the whole Western empire, died in AD 395 after making Christianity the official religion of the Empire. The Western Roman Empire began to disintegrate in the early 5th century as the Germanic migrations and invasions of the Migration Period overwhelmed the capacity of the Empire to assimilate the immigrants and fight off the invaders. Most chronologies place the end of the Western Roman Empire in 476, when Romulus Augustulus was forced to abdicate to the Germanic warlord Odoacer. By placing himself under the rule of the eastern emperor Zeno, rather than naming himself or a puppet ruler as emperor, as other Germanic chiefs, had done, Odoacer ended the separate Roman government of the Western empire. The Eastern empire exercised diminishing control over the west over the course of the next century. The empire in the east\u2014known today as the Byzantine Empire, but referred to in its time as the \"Roman Empire\" or by various other names\u2014ended in 1453 with the death of Constantine XI and the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "976"^^ . . . . . "30"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "30"^^ . . . "170"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "27"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Byzantine Empire"@en . . . . . "Sestertius, Aureus, Solidus, Nomisma"@en . "Julius Nepos"@en . . . . . "5000000"^^ . . . . . . . "98"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1123410700"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "--05-29"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "119636"^^ . . . "A golden solidus depicting Valentinian I and a marble statue of his son and later ruler Valentinian II"@en . . . . . . . . . . "La hist\u00F2ria de l'Imperi Rom\u00E0 va comen\u00E7ar amb August i va finalitzar el 1453 amb la caiguda de Constantinoble, i va estar marcada per l'ascens i caiguda dels seus m\u00E0xims responsables. L'Imperi Rom\u00E0 va ser una etapa de la civilitzaci\u00F3 romana en l'antiguitat cl\u00E0ssica caracteritzada per una forma de govern autocr\u00E0tic. El naixement de l'imperi ve precedit per l'expansi\u00F3 de la seva capital, Roma, que va estendre el seu control a l'entorn del mar Mediterrani. Sota l'etapa imperial els dominis de Roma van seguir augmentant, i arribaren a la m\u00E0xima extensi\u00F3 durant el regnat de Traj\u00E0, des de l'oce\u00E0 Atl\u00E0ntic a l'oest fins a les ribes del mar Caspi, el mar Roig i el golf P\u00E8rsic a l'est, i des del desert del S\u00E0hara al sud fins a les terres boscoses a la vora dels rius Rin i Danubi i a la frontera amb C"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0412 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u043E\u043C \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C 16 \u0432\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0432, \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441\u043E \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432 27 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043E \u043D. \u044D. \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043D\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u044D\u0442\u0430\u043F\u043E\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0440\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041E\u043D\u0430 \u043E\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0414\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0430, \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0417\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439, \u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 (\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0412\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439) \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043E \u043E\u0441\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 1453 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443."@ru . . . . . . "138"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hist\u00F3ria do Imp\u00E9rio Romano"@pt . . . . . "Statue of emperor Valentinian II detail.JPG"@en . . . . "Classical Antiquity to Late Middle Ages"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "180"^^ . . "1143"^^ . . . . . "\u0412 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u043E\u043C \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C 16 \u0432\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0432, \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441\u043E \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432 27 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043E \u043D. \u044D. \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043D\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u044D\u0442\u0430\u043F\u043E\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0440\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041E\u043D\u0430 \u043E\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0414\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0430, \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0417\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439, \u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 (\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0412\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439) \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043E \u043E\u0441\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 1453 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443."@ru . . . . . "30"^^ . . . . . . . "La historio de la Romia Imperio kovras la historion de Antikva Romo el la falo de la Romia Respubliko en 27 a.K. \u011Dis la abdiko de la lasta okcidentromia imperiestro en 476 p.K. Romo eketendi\u011Dis tuj post la fondo de la Respubliko en la 6a jarcento a.K., kvankam \u011Di ne etendi\u011Dis ekster la Italia Duoninsulo \u011Dis la 3a jarcento a.K. Enlanda milito ekis en la Roma \u015Dtato en la mezo de la 1a jarcento a.K., unue inter Julio Cezaro kaj Pompeo, kaj fine inter A\u016Dgusto Cezaro kaj Marko Antonio. Antonio estis venkita \u0109e la Batalo de Aktio en 31 a.K. En 27 a.K. la Senato kaj romana popolo faris Oktavianon imperator (\"komandanto\") kaj tiele komencis la Princlando, nome unua epoko de Romia imperia historio kiu kutime datis el 27 a.K. al 284 p.K.; ili poste havigis al li la nomon Augustus, nome \"la venerata\""@eo . . . "greatest extent"@en . . "150"^^ . "306"^^ . . . . . . . . "56800000"^^ . "Hist\u00F2ria de l'Imperi Rom\u00E0"@ca . . . . . . . "2750000"^^ . . . . . . "The history of the Roman Empire covers the history of ancient Rome from the fall of the Roman Republic in 27 BC until the abdication of Romulus Augustulus in AD 476 in the West, and the Fall of Constantinople in the East in AD 1453. Ancient Rome became a territorial empire while still a republic, but was then ruled by Roman emperors beginning with Augustus (r. 27 BC \u2013 AD 14), becoming the Roman Empire following the death of the last republican dictator, the first emperor's adoptive father Julius Caesar."@en . "Aureus of Augustus, the first Roman Emperor."@en . "284"^^ . . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . . . "270"^^ . . "\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u6B77\u53F2"@zh . . . . . . "1204"^^ . "379"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "inaugurated"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "25"^^ . "Roman Empire"@en . . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "AD 117"@en . . . . . "La historio de la Romia Imperio kovras la historion de Antikva Romo el la falo de la Romia Respubliko en 27 a.K. \u011Dis la abdiko de la lasta okcidentromia imperiestro en 476 p.K. Romo eketendi\u011Dis tuj post la fondo de la Respubliko en la 6a jarcento a.K., kvankam \u011Di ne etendi\u011Dis ekster la Italia Duoninsulo \u011Dis la 3a jarcento a.K. Enlanda milito ekis en la Roma \u015Dtato en la mezo de la 1a jarcento a.K., unue inter Julio Cezaro kaj Pompeo, kaj fine inter A\u016Dgusto Cezaro kaj Marko Antonio. Antonio estis venkita \u0109e la Batalo de Aktio en 31 a.K. En 27 a.K. la Senato kaj romana popolo faris Oktavianon imperator (\"komandanto\") kaj tiele komencis la Princlando, nome unua epoko de Romia imperia historio kiu kutime datis el 27 a.K. al 284 p.K.; ili poste havigis al li la nomon Augustus, nome \"la venerata\". La sukceso de A\u016Dgusto establis principojn de dinastia sukcedo estis limigita de lia supervivo al nombro de talentaj eventualaj heredantoj: nome la dinastio Juli-Klaudia da\u016Dris dum kvar pliaj imperiestroj \u2014 Tiberio, Kaligulo, Kla\u016Ddio, kaj Nerono \u2014 anta\u016D \u011Di lasis la pason en 69 p.K. al la militdetruita Jaro de la kvar imperiestroj, el kiu Vespaziano aperis kiel victor (venkinto). Vespaziano i\u011Dis la fondinto de la mallongda\u016Dra Flavia dinastio, kiu estis sekvita de la Nerva\u2013Antonina dinastio kiu produktis la \u00ABkvin bonajn imperiestrojn\u00BB: Nerva, Trajano, Hadriano, Antonino Pia kaj la filozofema Marko A\u016Drelio. La\u016D la greka historiisto Kasjo Diono, nome tiutempa observanto, la ascendo de la imperiestro Komodo en 180 p.K. markis la descendon \"el regno de oro al alia de rusto kaj fero\"\u2014 nome fama komento kiu kondukis al kelkaj historiistoj, notinde Edward Gibbon, al konsidero de la regado de Komodo kiel komenco de la Falo de la Romia Imperio."@eo . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . "Empire at its"@en . . . . . . . . . . "0395-01-17"^^ . . . ""@en . "Roman Empire"@en . . . . . "474"^^ . "475"^^ . "Kekaisaran Romawi (Latin: IMPERIVM ROMANVM atau Imperium Romanum) adalah sebuah entitas politik yang pernah berkuasa di Italia saat ini dengan Roma sebagai pusat pemerintahannya. Walaupun kota Roma telah berdiri sejak tahun 753 SM, perlu waktu 500 tahun bagi pemerintah Romawi untuk meneguhkan kekuasaannya hingga melewati semenanjung Italia. Dalam proses memperluas kekuasaannya, Romawi berbenturan dengan Kartago (pemerintahan yang didirikan tahun 814 SM oleh bangsa Fenisia). Akibatnya, keduanya berperang dalam sebuah peperangan yang disebut Perang Punic (264-241 SM). Perang ini berakhir dengan direbutnya kota Kartago oleh Romawi pada tahun 146 SM, yang menandai permulaan dari dominasi pemerintahan Romawi di Eropa, yang terus berkuasa dengan kekuasaan tertinggi selama enam abad berikutnya. Bagian selanjutnya akan menguraikan peristiwa-peristiwa besar (Major Event) yang terjadi selama Kekaisaran Romawi berdiri."@in . . . .