. . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein, n\u00E9 le 28 septembre 1930 \u00E0 New York et mort le 31 ao\u00FBt 2019 \u00E0 Branford (Connecticut), est un sociologue, historien et \u00E9conomiste am\u00E9ricain. Il est surtout connu pour ses travaux sur le syst\u00E8me-monde, n\u00E9 au XVe si\u00E8cle, et la mondialisation."@fr . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice WALLERSTEIN ([\u02C8|w|\u0254\u02D0|l|\u0259r|s|t|i\u02D0|n]; naski\u011Dis la 28-an de septembro 1930, mortis la 31-an de a\u016Dgusto 2019) estis usona sociologo kaj ekonomiko-historiisto. Li estas eble plej bone konata pro la disvolvo de la \u011Denerala alproksimigo en sociologio, kiu kondukis al la apero de lia teorio de la mondaj sistemoj, kun kritika teorio de la internaciaj rilatoj. Li estis veterana esploristo en Universitato Yale en 2000 \u011Dis sia morto en 2019, kaj publikigis dumonatajn komentariojn pere de Agence Global pri mondaj aferoj de oktobro 1998 \u011Dis julio 2019."@eo . . . . . . . . . . "The Emergence of Two West African Nations: Ghana and the Ivory Coast"@en . . . . . . . . "\u30A4\u30DE\u30CB\u30E5\u30A8\u30EB\u30FB\u30A6\u30A9\u30FC\u30E9\u30FC\u30B9\u30C6\u30A4\u30F3\uFF08Immanuel Wallerstein\u30011930\u5E749\u670828\u65E5 - 2019\u5E748\u670831\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u306E\u793E\u4F1A\u5B66\u8005\u3001\u7D4C\u6E08\u53F2\u5BB6\u3002\u5DE8\u8996\u7684\u306A\u89B3\u70B9\u304B\u3089\u4E16\u754C\u306E\u6B74\u53F2\u3068\u793E\u4F1A\u5168\u4F53\u3092\u300C\u5358\u4E00\u306E\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u300D\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308B\u300C\u4E16\u754C\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u8AD6\u300D\u3092\u63D0\u5531\u30FB\u78BA\u7ACB\u3057\u305F\u3053\u3068\u3067\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u30A6\u30A9\u30FC\u30E9\u30FC\u30B9\u30C6\u30A4\u30F3\u306E\u7814\u7A76\u306F\u653F\u6CBB\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u3084\u793E\u4F1A\u5B66\u3001\u6B74\u53F2\u5B66\u306A\u3069\u69D8\u3005\u306A\u5206\u91CE\u3092\u6A2A\u65AD\u3059\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3001\u30DE\u30EB\u30AF\u30B9\u306E\u552F\u7269\u5F01\u8A3C\u6CD5\u30FB\u53F2\u7684\u552F\u7269\u8AD6\u3084\u3001\u56FD\u969B\u653F\u6CBB\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u300C\u5F93\u5C5E\u7406\u8AD6\u300D\u3001\u305D\u308C\u306B\u6B74\u53F2\u5B66\u306E\u30A2\u30CA\u30FC\u30EB\u5B66\u6D3E\u306E\u4EE3\u8868\u7684\u5B58\u5728\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30D5\u30A7\u30EB\u30CA\u30F3\u30FB\u30D6\u30ED\u30FC\u30C7\u30EB\u304C\u3068\u306A\u3048\u305F\u300C\u9577\u671F\u6301\u7D9A\u300D\u306E\u8996\u70B9\u306A\u3069\u3092\u8E0F\u307E\u3048\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3060\u3063\u305F\u3002\u4E16\u754C\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u8AD6\u3067\u306F\u3001\u5927\u822A\u6D77\u6642\u4EE3\u304C\u9F4E\u3057\u305F\u4E16\u754C\u898F\u6A21\u306E\u4EA4\u6613\u3092\u304D\u3063\u304B\u3051\u306B\u3001\u4E16\u754C\u5168\u4F53\u304C\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u3001\u7D4C\u6E08\u7684\u3001\u793E\u4F1A\u7684\u306A\u5DEE\u7570\u3092\u8D8A\u3048\u3066\u6A5F\u80FD\u3059\u308B\u4E00\u3064\u306E\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u3068\u306A\u308A\u3001\u305D\u308C\u304C\u4ECA\u65E5\u306B\u307E\u3067\u7D9A\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3068\u8AAC\u660E\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . "\u4F0A\u66FC\u7EBD\u5C14\u00B7\u6C83\u52D2\u65AF\u5766"@zh . . . . . . . . . "Karl Marx Vladimir Lenin Rosa Luxemburg Fernand Braudel Andre Gunder Frank Ra\u00FAl Prebisch Karl Polanyi Joseph Schumpeter Sigmund Freud Frantz Fanon Ilya Prigogine"@en . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein (New York hiria, 1930eko irailaren\u202F28a - 2019ko abuztuaren 31) soziologo eta gizarte zientifiko historiko estatubatuarra izan zen. Bere obra nagusia lau ataletan banatzen den Mundu-sistema modernoaren analisian datza."@eu . . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein (New York hiria, 1930eko irailaren\u202F28a - 2019ko abuztuaren 31) soziologo eta gizarte zientifiko historiko estatubatuarra izan zen. Bere obra nagusia lau ataletan banatzen den Mundu-sistema modernoaren analisian datza."@eu . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (/\u02C8w\u0254\u02D0l\u0259rsti\u02D0n/; September 28, 1930 \u2013 August 31, 2019) was an American sociologist and economic historian. He is perhaps best known for his development of the general approach in sociology which led to the emergence of his world-systems approach. He was a Senior Research Scholar at Yale University from 2000 until his death in 2019, and published bimonthly syndicated commentaries through Agence Global on world affairs from October 1998 to July 2019. He was the 13th president of International Sociological Association (1994\u20131998)."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uC774\uB9E4\uB274\uC5BC \uBAA8\uB9AC\uC2A4 \uC6D4\uB7EC\uC2A4\uD2F4(Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein, 1930\uB144 9\uC6D4 28\uC77C ~ 2019\uB144 8\uC6D4 31\uC77C)\uC740 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uC0AC\uD68C\uD559\uC790\uC774\uC790 \uC5ED\uC0AC\uD559\uC790\uC774\uB2E4. \uAC70\uC2DC\uC801\uC778 \uAD00\uC810\uC5D0\uC11C \uC138\uACC4\uC758 \uC5ED\uC0AC\uC640 \uC0AC\uD68C \uC804\uCCB4\uB97C '\uB2E8\uC77C \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C'\uC73C\uB85C \uD30C\uC545\uD558\uB294 \uC138\uACC4\uCCB4\uC81C\uB860\uC744 \uC81C\uCC3D.\uD655\uB9BD\uD588\uB2E4. \uCE7C \uB9C8\uB974\uD06C\uC2A4\uC758 \uC720\uBB3C\uB860\uC801 \uBCC0\uC99D\uBC95\uC774\uB098 \uAD6D\uC81C\uC815\uCE58\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uC885\uC18D\uC774\uB860, \uC544\uB0A0\uD559\uD30C \uD398\uB974\uB0AD \uBE0C\uB85C\uB378\uC758 \uC758 \uC2DC\uC810 \uB4F1\uC758 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC54C\uB824\uC9C4\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . "\uC774\uB9E4\uB274\uC5BC \uC6D4\uB7EC\uC2A4\uD2F4"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (28. z\u00E1\u0159\u00ED 1930 New York \u2013 31. srpna 2019) byl americk\u00FD sociolog, historik a ekonom, autor teorie sv\u011Btov\u00E9ho syst\u00E9mu. P\u0159edpokl\u00E1d\u00E1, \u017Ee z\u00E1rodek dne\u0161n\u00EDho hospod\u00E1\u0159sk\u00E9ho syst\u00E9mu vznikl v 16. stolet\u00ED v souvislosti s d\u011Blbou pr\u00E1ce mezi merkantilistick\u00FDmi obchodn\u00EDmi st\u00E1ty severoz\u00E1padn\u00ED Evropy (Nizozemsko, Anglie, severn\u00ED Francie, Flandry) a obiln\u00E1\u0159sk\u00FDmi oblastmi kolem Baltsk\u00E9ho mo\u0159e (dnes severn\u00ED N\u011Bmecko a Polsko). Teorie vych\u00E1z\u00ED z anal\u00FDzy historicko-geografick\u00E9ho v\u00FDvoje (resp. p\u0159edpoklad\u016F) a jej\u00EDm z\u00E1kladem jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm obchodn\u00ED (ekonomick\u00E9) vztahy mezi st\u00E1ty, resp. z\u00F3nami. Prov\u00E1d\u00ED klasifikaci civilizac\u00ED do 3 kategori\u00ED: \n* J\u00E1drov\u00E1 civilizace (J\u00E1dro \u2013 core) \u2013 civiliza\u010Dn\u00ED centrum (invence, kreativita), dynamick\u00E9 centrum, kter\u00E9 do sv\u00E9ho okol\u00ED vys\u00EDl\u00E1 ur\u010Dit\u00E9 podn\u011Bty (ekonomick\u00E9, technologick\u00E9, ideologick\u00E9, kulturn\u00ED) \u2013 nap\u0159. Imperi\u00E1ln\u00ED Anglie nebo USA po\u010D\u00E1tku dvacat\u00E9ho stolet\u00ED. Hospod\u00E1\u0159sk\u00FD se specializuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm na vytv\u00E1\u0159en\u00ED v\u00FDrobku a zpracov\u00E1n\u00ED importovan\u00FDch surovin. \n* Periferie (periphery) \u2013 nen\u00ED sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED j\u00E1drov\u00E9 civilizace, je na n\u00ED z\u00E1visl\u00E1; j\u00E1drov\u00E1 civilizace si periferii sama vytv\u00E1\u0159\u00ED a udr\u017Euje v ur\u010Dit\u00E9m postaven\u00ED (ekonomicky ji vyko\u0159is\u0165uje); periferie poskytuje suroviny, proch\u00E1z\u00ED akulturac\u00ED a m\u011Bn\u00ED se pod vlivem civiliza\u010Dn\u00EDho j\u00E1dra jak kulturn\u011B, tak soci\u00E1ln\u011B (kop\u00EDruje \u017Eivotn\u00ED styl j\u00E1drov\u00E9 civilizace \u2013 v symbolick\u00E9 rovin\u011B jsou spolupod\u00EDln\u00EDci); \u010Dasem m\u016F\u017Ee splynout. \n* Margin\u00E1ln\u00ED z\u00F3na (semiperiferie \u2013 semi-periphery) \u2013 vzd\u00E1len\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED, ovlivn\u011Bna j\u00E1drovou civilizac\u00ED (udr\u017Euje s n\u00ED styky), podn\u011Bty jdou a\u017E k n\u00ED \u2013 p\u0159ij\u00EDm\u00E1 hlavn\u011B technick\u00E9 inovace, ale ponech\u00E1v\u00E1 si vlastn\u00ED kulturn\u00ED identitu, hodnotovou orientaci a v\u00FDvojov\u00FD model; nemus\u00ED v\u0161ak m\u00EDt o j\u00E1drov\u00E9 civilizaci tu\u0161en\u00ED, nen\u00ED kontrolov\u00E1na a ovl\u00E1d\u00E1na jako periferie, vyb\u00EDr\u00E1 si pouze to, co se hod\u00ED, vyv\u00EDj\u00ED se samostatn\u011B. Pokud vznik\u00E1 nov\u00E1 j\u00E1drov\u00E1 civilizace, m\u016F\u017Ee vzniknout pouze v r\u00E1mci margin\u00E1ln\u00ED z\u00F3ny. Technologie a hlavn\u011B ideologie jsou v nov\u00E9m kontextu reinterpretov\u00E1ny (nap\u0159. apokalypsa sv. Jana v Tichomo\u0159\u00ED \u2013 cargo kult). Obchod \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm luxusn\u00ED zbo\u017E\u00ED. V\u00FDznamy, kter\u00E9 se rod\u00ED v j\u00E1drov\u00E9 oblasti, mohou b\u00FDt na periferii zpochybn\u011Bny a v margin\u00E1ln\u00ED z\u00F3n\u011B nahrazeny v\u00FDznamy zcela odli\u0161n\u00E9ho r\u00E1zu. Autor vych\u00E1z\u00ED p\u0159i anal\u00FDze ekonomick\u00FDch faktor\u016F glob\u00E1ln\u00ED politiky (dichotomie mezi prac\u00ED a kapit\u00E1lem) z Karla Marxe, z\u00E1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak kritizuje Marx\u016Fv postoj k filozofii d\u011Bjin, dialektice \u010Di akumulaci kapit\u00E1lu. Podle Immanuela Wallerstein je faktem, \u017Ee dosavadn\u00ED historick\u00E9 syst\u00E9my byly nerovn\u00E9 a nedemokratick\u00E9, co\u017E ale nedokazuje, \u017Ee budouc\u00ED syst\u00E9m m\u016F\u017Ee b\u00FDt rovnost\u00E1\u0159sk\u00FD a demokratick\u00FD. V\u00FDsledkem krize podle Wallerstein m\u016F\u017Ee, ale tak\u00E9 nemus\u00ED b\u00FDt spravedliv\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED a demokrati\u010Dt\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED spole\u010Dnost. Podle Wallerstein m\u016F\u017Ee b\u00FDt kapitalismus nahrazen socialistickou ekonomikou a to v d\u016Fsledku zv\u011Bt\u0161ov\u00E1n\u00ED zisku, kter\u00FD skon\u010D\u00ED tehdy, kdy\u017E se m\u00EDra zisku za\u010Dne zmen\u0161ovat, n\u00E1klady se podle Wallerstein zvy\u0161uj\u00ED a tento trend dovede syst\u00E9m do kolapsu."@cs . . . . . "\u0406\u043C\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0457\u0301\u043B \u041C\u043E\u0301\u0440\u0456\u0441 \u0412\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0439\u043D (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Immanuel Wallerstein; 28 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043D\u044F 1930, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u2014 31 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u043F\u043D\u044F 2019, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433 \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043A, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043C \u043F\u0456\u0434\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u043B\u0456\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0435\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0443."@uk . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (ur. 28 wrze\u015Bnia 1930 w Nowym Jorku, zm. 31 sierpnia 2019 w Branford) \u2013 ameryka\u0144ski socjolog, historyk i ekonomista, autor The Modern World-System, g\u0142\u00F3wnej pracy teorii system\u00F3w-\u015Bwiat\u00F3w."@pl . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@cs . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (Nova Iorque, 28 de Setembro de 1930 - 31 de agosto de 2019) foi um soci\u00F3logo estadunidense, mais conhecido pela sua contribui\u00E7\u00E3o fundadora para a teoria do sistema-mundo. Os seus coment\u00E1rios bimensais sobre quest\u00F5es globais s\u00E3o distribu\u00EDdos pela Agence Global para publica\u00E7\u00F5es como Le Monde diplomatique e The Nation. No Brasil, os seus artigos s\u00E3o publicados na revista F\u00F3rum e na revista virtual Outras Palavras."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1930-09-28"^^ . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (28. z\u00E1\u0159\u00ED 1930 New York \u2013 31. srpna 2019) byl americk\u00FD sociolog, historik a ekonom, autor teorie sv\u011Btov\u00E9ho syst\u00E9mu. P\u0159edpokl\u00E1d\u00E1, \u017Ee z\u00E1rodek dne\u0161n\u00EDho hospod\u00E1\u0159sk\u00E9ho syst\u00E9mu vznikl v 16. stolet\u00ED v souvislosti s d\u011Blbou pr\u00E1ce mezi merkantilistick\u00FDmi obchodn\u00EDmi st\u00E1ty severoz\u00E1padn\u00ED Evropy (Nizozemsko, Anglie, severn\u00ED Francie, Flandry) a obiln\u00E1\u0159sk\u00FDmi oblastmi kolem Baltsk\u00E9ho mo\u0159e (dnes severn\u00ED N\u011Bmecko a Polsko). Teorie vych\u00E1z\u00ED z anal\u00FDzy historicko-geografick\u00E9ho v\u00FDvoje (resp. p\u0159edpoklad\u016F) a jej\u00EDm z\u00E1kladem jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm obchodn\u00ED (ekonomick\u00E9) vztahy mezi st\u00E1ty, resp. z\u00F3nami."@cs . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (/\u02C8w\u0254\u02D0l\u0259rsti\u02D0n/; September 28, 1930 \u2013 August 31, 2019) was an American sociologist and economic historian. He is perhaps best known for his development of the general approach in sociology which led to the emergence of his world-systems approach. He was a Senior Research Scholar at Yale University from 2000 until his death in 2019, and published bimonthly syndicated commentaries through Agence Global on world affairs from October 1998 to July 2019. He was the 13th president of International Sociological Association (1994\u20131998)."@en . . . . . . "Wallerstein giving a talk at a seminar at the European University at St. Petersburg in May 2008."@en . . . . . . . . . "\u30A4\u30DE\u30CB\u30E5\u30A8\u30EB\u30FB\u30A6\u30A9\u30FC\u30E9\u30FC\u30B9\u30C6\u30A4\u30F3"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@nl . "New York City, U.S."@en . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@ca . . . . . . "\u4F0A\u66FC\u7EBD\u5C14\u00B7\u6C83\u52D2\u65AF\u5766\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AImmanuel Wallerstein\uFF1B1930\u5E749\u670828\u65E5\uFF0D2019\u5E748\u670831\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u6216\u8BD1\u4E3A\u4F0A\u66FC\u7EBD\u00B7\u83EF\u52D2\u65AF\u5766\u3002\u7F8E\u56FD\u793E\u4F1A\u5B66\u5BB6\u3001\u5386\u53F2\u5B66\u5BB6\u3001\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5B66\u5BB6\u548C\u653F\u6CBB\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u201C\u4E16\u754C\u4F53\u7CFB\u7406\u8BBA\u201D\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u4EE3\u8868\u4EBA\u7269\u548C\u5F53\u4EE3\u793E\u4F1A\u79D1\u5B66\u591A\u5B66\u79D1\u7EFC\u5408\u7814\u7A76\u7684\u5021\u5BFC\u8005\u3002\u5F53\u4ECA\u6700\u5177\u521B\u89C1\u7684\u79D1\u5B66\u5BB6\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002"@zh . "\u0418\u043C\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0438\u0301\u043B \u041C\u043E\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0441 \u0412\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0439\u043D (\u0423\u043E\u0301\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043D, \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0423\u043E\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein; 28 \u0441\u0435\u043D\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1930, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u2014 31 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 2019, \u0442\u0430\u043C \u0436\u0435) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444-\u043D\u0435\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0440-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043B\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0438."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein (* 28. September 1930 in New York City; \u2020 31. August 2019 in Branford (Connecticut)) war ein US-amerikanischer Soziologe und Sozialhistoriker. Er war der Begr\u00FCnder einer Weltsystemanalyse, die Aspekte von Geschichte, Wirtschaftswissenschaft, Politikwissenschaft und Soziologie zusammenfasst."@de . . . . . . . . "\uC774\uB9E4\uB274\uC5BC \uBAA8\uB9AC\uC2A4 \uC6D4\uB7EC\uC2A4\uD2F4(Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein, 1930\uB144 9\uC6D4 28\uC77C ~ 2019\uB144 8\uC6D4 31\uC77C)\uC740 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uC0AC\uD68C\uD559\uC790\uC774\uC790 \uC5ED\uC0AC\uD559\uC790\uC774\uB2E4. \uAC70\uC2DC\uC801\uC778 \uAD00\uC810\uC5D0\uC11C \uC138\uACC4\uC758 \uC5ED\uC0AC\uC640 \uC0AC\uD68C \uC804\uCCB4\uB97C '\uB2E8\uC77C \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C'\uC73C\uB85C \uD30C\uC545\uD558\uB294 \uC138\uACC4\uCCB4\uC81C\uB860\uC744 \uC81C\uCC3D.\uD655\uB9BD\uD588\uB2E4. \uCE7C \uB9C8\uB974\uD06C\uC2A4\uC758 \uC720\uBB3C\uB860\uC801 \uBCC0\uC99D\uBC95\uC774\uB098 \uAD6D\uC81C\uC815\uCE58\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uC885\uC18D\uC774\uB860, \uC544\uB0A0\uD559\uD30C \uD398\uB974\uB0AD \uBE0C\uB85C\uB378\uC758 \uC758 \uC2DC\uC810 \uB4F1\uC758 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC54C\uB824\uC9C4\uB2E4."@ko . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@eo . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (ur. 28 wrze\u015Bnia 1930 w Nowym Jorku, zm. 31 sierpnia 2019 w Branford) \u2013 ameryka\u0144ski socjolog, historyk i ekonomista, autor The Modern World-System, g\u0142\u00F3wnej pracy teorii system\u00F3w-\u015Bwiat\u00F3w."@pl . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@en . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1959"^^ . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (Nova York, 28 de setembre de 1930 - 31 d'agost de 2019) fou un soci\u00F2leg estatunidenc, cient\u00EDfic social hist\u00F2ric, i analista de sistemes mundials, que es pot dir que \u00E9s m\u00E9s conegut pel seu desenvolupament de l'enfocament general en sociologia que va provocar la seva teoria del sistema-m\u00F3n. Va ser investigador s\u00E8nior a la Universitat Yale des del 2000 fins a la seva mort."@ca . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@it . . . . "1121735760"^^ . . . "\u0406\u043C\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0457\u0301\u043B \u041C\u043E\u0301\u0440\u0456\u0441 \u0412\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0439\u043D (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Immanuel Wallerstein; 28 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043D\u044F 1930, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u2014 31 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u043F\u043D\u044F 2019, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433 \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043A, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043C \u043F\u0456\u0434\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u043B\u0456\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0435\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0443."@uk . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice WALLERSTEIN ([\u02C8|w|\u0254\u02D0|l|\u0259r|s|t|i\u02D0|n]; naski\u011Dis la 28-an de septembro 1930, mortis la 31-an de a\u016Dgusto 2019) estis usona sociologo kaj ekonomiko-historiisto. Li estas eble plej bone konata pro la disvolvo de la \u011Denerala alproksimigo en sociologio, kiu kondukis al la apero de lia teorio de la mondaj sistemoj, kun kritika teorio de la internaciaj rilatoj. Surbaze de longa historia-ekonomia analizo, Wallerstein argumentis, ke kapitalismo trovi\u011Das en sistema krizo, kiu fari\u011Das \u0109iam pli akra kaj finfine neeltenebla. La nuna sistemo \u0109erpas aldonan valoron el krudmaterialoj sen iam ajn konsideri la naturmediajn kostojn. Li estis veterana esploristo en Universitato Yale en 2000 \u011Dis sia morto en 2019, kaj publikigis dumonatajn komentariojn pere de Agence Global pri mondaj aferoj de oktobro 1998 \u011Dis julio 2019. Li estis la 13-a prezidanto de la Internacia Sociologia Asocio (1994-1998)."@eo . . . "\u4F0A\u66FC\u7EBD\u5C14\u00B7\u6C83\u52D2\u65AF\u5766\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AImmanuel Wallerstein\uFF1B1930\u5E749\u670828\u65E5\uFF0D2019\u5E748\u670831\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u6216\u8BD1\u4E3A\u4F0A\u66FC\u7EBD\u00B7\u83EF\u52D2\u65AF\u5766\u3002\u7F8E\u56FD\u793E\u4F1A\u5B66\u5BB6\u3001\u5386\u53F2\u5B66\u5BB6\u3001\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5B66\u5BB6\u548C\u653F\u6CBB\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u201C\u4E16\u754C\u4F53\u7CFB\u7406\u8BBA\u201D\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u4EE3\u8868\u4EBA\u7269\u548C\u5F53\u4EE3\u793E\u4F1A\u79D1\u5B66\u591A\u5B66\u79D1\u7EFC\u5408\u7814\u7A76\u7684\u5021\u5BFC\u8005\u3002\u5F53\u4ECA\u6700\u5177\u521B\u89C1\u7684\u79D1\u5B66\u5BB6\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@in . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein, n\u00E9 le 28 septembre 1930 \u00E0 New York et mort le 31 ao\u00FBt 2019 \u00E0 Branford (Connecticut), est un sociologue, historien et \u00E9conomiste am\u00E9ricain. Il est surtout connu pour ses travaux sur le syst\u00E8me-monde, n\u00E9 au XVe si\u00E8cle, et la mondialisation."@fr . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (New York, 28 september 1930 - 31 augustus 2019) was een Amerikaanse socioloog en andersglobalist.Hoewel aanvankelijk vooral bekend als expert op het gebied van Afrika, is zijn bekendste bijdrage aan de wetenschap de ontwikkeling van de wereld-systeemtheorie waaraan hij werkte vanaf 1974. Van 1994 tot 1998 was Wallerstein voorzitter van de Internationale vereniging van sociologen. Hoewel sinds 1999 met emeritaat heeft hij nog verschillende eredoctoraten ontvangen, en een aanstelling als onderzoeker aan de universiteit van Yale."@nl . . "\u0406\u043C\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0457\u043B \u0412\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043D"@uk . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@pl . . . . . "2019-08-31"^^ . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (Nova Iorque, 28 de Setembro de 1930 - 31 de agosto de 2019) foi um soci\u00F3logo estadunidense, mais conhecido pela sua contribui\u00E7\u00E3o fundadora para a teoria do sistema-mundo. Os seus coment\u00E1rios bimensais sobre quest\u00F5es globais s\u00E3o distribu\u00EDdos pela Agence Global para publica\u00E7\u00F5es como Le Monde diplomatique e The Nation. No Brasil, os seus artigos s\u00E3o publicados na revista F\u00F3rum e na revista virtual Outras Palavras."@pt . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@eu . . . . "1930-09-28"^^ . . "Immanuel Wallerstein (* 28. September 1930 in New York City; \u2020 31. August 2019 in Branford (Connecticut)) war ein US-amerikanischer Soziologe und Sozialhistoriker. Er war der Begr\u00FCnder einer Weltsystemanalyse, die Aspekte von Geschichte, Wirtschaftswissenschaft, Politikwissenschaft und Soziologie zusammenfasst."@de . . . . "\u0412\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043D, \u0418\u043C\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0438\u043B"@ru . . . . . . . "Branford, Connecticut, U.S."@en . . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein (lahir 1930 di ) merupakan teoritisi strukturalis atau globalis. dengan dasar pemikiran dari Marx, ia mengemukakan struktur ekonomi global yang menjelaskan mengenai posisi negara-negara. dalam struktur kapitalisme global, negara-negara ditempatkan dalam Core (inti), Periphery (pinggiran) dan semi periphery (semi pinggiran)."@in . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@en . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (Nueva York, 28 de septiembre de 1930-Connecticut, 31 de agosto de 2019)\u200B fue un soci\u00F3logo y cient\u00EDfico social hist\u00F3rico estadounidense que lleg\u00F3 a ser el principal te\u00F3rico del an\u00E1lisis de sistema-mundo."@es . . . ", Robert Staughton Lynd"@en . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein (lahir 1930 di ) merupakan teoritisi strukturalis atau globalis. dengan dasar pemikiran dari Marx, ia mengemukakan struktur ekonomi global yang menjelaskan mengenai posisi negara-negara. dalam struktur kapitalisme global, negara-negara ditempatkan dalam Core (inti), Periphery (pinggiran) dan semi periphery (semi pinggiran)."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30A4\u30DE\u30CB\u30E5\u30A8\u30EB\u30FB\u30A6\u30A9\u30FC\u30E9\u30FC\u30B9\u30C6\u30A4\u30F3\uFF08Immanuel Wallerstein\u30011930\u5E749\u670828\u65E5 - 2019\u5E748\u670831\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u306E\u793E\u4F1A\u5B66\u8005\u3001\u7D4C\u6E08\u53F2\u5BB6\u3002\u5DE8\u8996\u7684\u306A\u89B3\u70B9\u304B\u3089\u4E16\u754C\u306E\u6B74\u53F2\u3068\u793E\u4F1A\u5168\u4F53\u3092\u300C\u5358\u4E00\u306E\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u300D\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308B\u300C\u4E16\u754C\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u8AD6\u300D\u3092\u63D0\u5531\u30FB\u78BA\u7ACB\u3057\u305F\u3053\u3068\u3067\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u30A6\u30A9\u30FC\u30E9\u30FC\u30B9\u30C6\u30A4\u30F3\u306E\u7814\u7A76\u306F\u653F\u6CBB\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u3084\u793E\u4F1A\u5B66\u3001\u6B74\u53F2\u5B66\u306A\u3069\u69D8\u3005\u306A\u5206\u91CE\u3092\u6A2A\u65AD\u3059\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3001\u30DE\u30EB\u30AF\u30B9\u306E\u552F\u7269\u5F01\u8A3C\u6CD5\u30FB\u53F2\u7684\u552F\u7269\u8AD6\u3084\u3001\u56FD\u969B\u653F\u6CBB\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u300C\u5F93\u5C5E\u7406\u8AD6\u300D\u3001\u305D\u308C\u306B\u6B74\u53F2\u5B66\u306E\u30A2\u30CA\u30FC\u30EB\u5B66\u6D3E\u306E\u4EE3\u8868\u7684\u5B58\u5728\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30D5\u30A7\u30EB\u30CA\u30F3\u30FB\u30D6\u30ED\u30FC\u30C7\u30EB\u304C\u3068\u306A\u3048\u305F\u300C\u9577\u671F\u6301\u7D9A\u300D\u306E\u8996\u70B9\u306A\u3069\u3092\u8E0F\u307E\u3048\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3060\u3063\u305F\u3002\u4E16\u754C\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u8AD6\u3067\u306F\u3001\u5927\u822A\u6D77\u6642\u4EE3\u304C\u9F4E\u3057\u305F\u4E16\u754C\u898F\u6A21\u306E\u4EA4\u6613\u3092\u304D\u3063\u304B\u3051\u306B\u3001\u4E16\u754C\u5168\u4F53\u304C\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u3001\u7D4C\u6E08\u7684\u3001\u793E\u4F1A\u7684\u306A\u5DEE\u7570\u3092\u8D8A\u3048\u3066\u6A5F\u80FD\u3059\u308B\u4E00\u3064\u306E\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u3068\u306A\u308A\u3001\u305D\u308C\u304C\u4ECA\u65E5\u306B\u307E\u3067\u7D9A\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3068\u8AAC\u660E\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (New York, 28 september 1930 - 31 augustus 2019) was een Amerikaanse socioloog en andersglobalist.Hoewel aanvankelijk vooral bekend als expert op het gebied van Afrika, is zijn bekendste bijdrage aan de wetenschap de ontwikkeling van de wereld-systeemtheorie waaraan hij werkte vanaf 1974. Van 1994 tot 1998 was Wallerstein voorzitter van de Internationale vereniging van sociologen. Hoewel sinds 1999 met emeritaat heeft hij nog verschillende eredoctoraten ontvangen, en een aanstelling als onderzoeker aan de universiteit van Yale."@nl . . . . "yes"@en . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@de . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (/\u02C8w\u0254\u02D0l\u0259rsti\u02D0n/) (New York, 28 settembre 1930 \u2013 New York, 31 agosto 2019) \u00E8 stato un sociologo, storico ed economista statunitense, noto per il suo sviluppo dell'approccio generale in sociologia che ha portato alla nascita del suo approccio al sistema-mondo. Wallerstein ha pubblicato commenti bimestrali sindacati attraverso Agence Global sugli affari del mondo da ottobre 1998 a luglio 2019. \u00C8 stato ricercatore senior presso l'Universit\u00E0 di Yale dal 2000 fino alla sua morte nel 2019."@it . . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein, f\u00F6dd 28 september 1930 i New York, d\u00F6d 31 augusti 2019 i New York, var en amerikansk sociolog. Wallerstein avlade 1959 sin doktorsexamen p\u00E5 Columbia University d\u00E4r han studerade under C. Wright Mills och vid Oxford 1955\u20131956. Under 1950-talet p\u00E5b\u00F6rjade han sin karri\u00E4r genom att studera Afrika och har sedan dess varit en kritiker av obalansen i v\u00E4rldsekonomin. Immanuel Wallerstein var professor i sociologi vid Yale University, och har varit ordf\u00F6rande f\u00F6r (1994\u20131998). Han skrev en rad b\u00F6cker, bland annat trebandsverket \"The Modern World System\". P\u00E5 svenska finns sedan tidigare \"Liberalismens d\u00F6d\" (utkommen p\u00E5 Vertigo f\u00F6rlag 2001) ."@sv . . . . . . "\u0418\u043C\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0438\u0301\u043B \u041C\u043E\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0441 \u0412\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0439\u043D (\u0423\u043E\u0301\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043D, \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0423\u043E\u043B\u043B\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein; 28 \u0441\u0435\u043D\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1930, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u2014 31 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 2019, \u0442\u0430\u043C \u0436\u0435) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444-\u043D\u0435\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0440-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043B\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0438."@ru . . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@sv . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@en . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (/\u02C8w\u0254\u02D0l\u0259rsti\u02D0n/) (New York, 28 settembre 1930 \u2013 New York, 31 agosto 2019) \u00E8 stato un sociologo, storico ed economista statunitense, noto per il suo sviluppo dell'approccio generale in sociologia che ha portato alla nascita del suo approccio al sistema-mondo. Dopo il dottorato in sociologia alla Columbia University di New York, Wallerstein ha insegnato alla McGill University di Montreal in Canada dal 1971 al 1976, quindi alla di New York fino al 1999. Fino al 2005 fu direttore del Fernand Braudel Center for the Study of Economies, Historical Systems, and Civilizations della Binghamton University. Gi\u00E0 presidente dell'. Deve la sua notoriet\u00E0 soprattutto ai pionieristici studi sul sistema-mondo, in particolare a Il sistema mondiale dell'economia moderna in tre volumi (ed. Il Mulino, 1978, 1982, 1995). Wallerstein ha pubblicato commenti bimestrali sindacati attraverso Agence Global sugli affari del mondo da ottobre 1998 a luglio 2019. \u00C8 stato ricercatore senior presso l'Universit\u00E0 di Yale dal 2000 fino alla sua morte nel 2019."@it . "yes"@en . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (Nova York, 28 de setembre de 1930 - 31 d'agost de 2019) fou un soci\u00F2leg estatunidenc, cient\u00EDfic social hist\u00F2ric, i analista de sistemes mundials, que es pot dir que \u00E9s m\u00E9s conegut pel seu desenvolupament de l'enfocament general en sociologia que va provocar la seva teoria del sistema-m\u00F3n. Va ser investigador s\u00E8nior a la Universitat Yale des del 2000 fins a la seva mort."@ca . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein (Nueva York, 28 de septiembre de 1930-Connecticut, 31 de agosto de 2019)\u200B fue un soci\u00F3logo y cient\u00EDfico social hist\u00F3rico estadounidense que lleg\u00F3 a ser el principal te\u00F3rico del an\u00E1lisis de sistema-mundo."@es . . . . . . . "Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein, f\u00F6dd 28 september 1930 i New York, d\u00F6d 31 augusti 2019 i New York, var en amerikansk sociolog. Wallerstein avlade 1959 sin doktorsexamen p\u00E5 Columbia University d\u00E4r han studerade under C. Wright Mills och vid Oxford 1955\u20131956. Under 1950-talet p\u00E5b\u00F6rjade han sin karri\u00E4r genom att studera Afrika och har sedan dess varit en kritiker av obalansen i v\u00E4rldsekonomin. Immanuel Wallerstein var professor i sociologi vid Yale University, och har varit ordf\u00F6rande f\u00F6r (1994\u20131998). Han skrev en rad b\u00F6cker, bland annat trebandsverket \"The Modern World System\". P\u00E5 svenska finns sedan tidigare \"Liberalismens d\u00F6d\" (utkommen p\u00E5 Vertigo f\u00F6rlag 2001) . Wallerstein kom att g\u00F6ra gemensam sak med forskarna kring F\u00F6renta nationernas \u2013 en tankeskola som delar upp v\u00E4rlden i en axel med polerna periferi och centrum. Andre Gunder Frank och Samir Amin menade att denna konflikt alltid var till centrums f\u00F6rdel. Wallerstein d\u00E4remot utvecklade utifr\u00E5n detta antagande en modell som sammanfattas i f\u00F6ljande: \n* Dagens globala samh\u00E4lle b\u00F6rjade utvecklas i V\u00E4steuropa under 1400-talets andra h\u00E4lft. Det expanderade genom er\u00F6vring tills det omsl\u00F6t hela jorden. \n* Systemet \u00E4r kapitalistiskt. Kapitalackumulation \u00E4r dess yttersta m\u00E5l. \n* Det \u00E4r ett oj\u00E4mlikt system av kapitalister och ; samt centra och periferier; det r\u00E5der mellan dessa en arbetsdelning som \u00E4r axiell eftersom denna arbetsdelning utg\u00F6r en axel runt vilken systemet r\u00F6r sig. \n* Systemet har en utvecklingshistoria som best\u00E5r i periodiska cykler: \"exempelvis v\u00E4xling mellan expansion och stagnation och v\u00E4xling mellan hegemonisk makt och rivalitet, samt d\u00E4rmed sammanh\u00E4ngande l\u00E5ngsiktiga tendenser, exempelvis allt mer varufiering eller kommersialisering och allt st\u00F6rre polarisering mellan gynnade och icke gynnade.\" \n* Denna utvecklingshistoria har ett slut, som, om inte annat, \"tvingas fram\" n\u00E4r tendenserna/trenderna i systemet n\u00E5r s\u00E5 kritiska niv\u00E5er att ett val av en ny (och artskild) ordning (eller ordningar) m\u00E5ste g\u00F6ras."@sv . "675321"^^ . . . . "40159"^^ . . . . . "61553720"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Immanuel Wallerstein"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . .