. . . . . . . . "1399-02-03"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "John dari Gaunt, (Adipati Pertama Lancaster, 6 Maret 1340 \u2013 3 Februari 1399) adalah anggota keluarga dari Wangsa Plantagenet, putra ketiga yang selamat dari Raja Edward III dari Inggris dan Philippa dari Hainault. Ia disebut \"John dari Gaunt\" karena ia dilahirkan di Ghent (nama modern Belgia), Gaunt dalam terjemahan ke dalam bahasa Inggris. John terlatih oleh pengaruh yang besar atas tahta Inggris selama keponakannya masih kecil, Richard II, dan selama periode berikutnya perselisihan politik, tetapi tidak diperkirakan terjadi di antara penentang Raja."@in . "\u062C\u0648\u0646 \u063A\u0648\u0646\u062A \u062F\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 6 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1340 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0644\u062B \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064A\u0647 \u0625\u062F\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0644\u062B \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062C\u062A\u0647 \u0641\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0628\u0627 \u0647\u064A\u0646\u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0627\u062C\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u062E\u064A\u0647 \u0631\u064A\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627\u060C \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0647 \u064A\u0646\u062D\u062F\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062F\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062A \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064A\u062A \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u064A\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060C \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062D\u0642\u0627\u064B . \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1399 \u062C\u0631\u062F \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062E\u064A\u0647 \u0631\u064A\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064A \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0646\u064A\u062C\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u063A\u0636\u0628\u0647\u060C \u0628\u0640 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064B \u0648\u0632\u062D\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064A \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0646\u064A\u062C\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0627\u064B \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0627\u0633\u0645 \"\u0647\u0646\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\""@ar . . "1394-03-24"^^ . . . . . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30B4\u30FC\u30F3\u30C8\uFF08John of Gaunt, 1340\u5E743\u67086\u65E5 - 1399\u5E742\u67083\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u306E\u738B\u65CF\u3002\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u738B\u30A8\u30C9\u30EF\u30FC\u30C93\u4E16\u3068\u30D5\u30A3\u30EA\u30C3\u30D1\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30A8\u30CE\u30FC\u306E\u6210\u4EBA\u3078\u9054\u3057\u305F3\u756A\u76EE\u306E\u606F\u5B50\u3002\u30E9\u30F3\u30AB\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u5BB6\u306E\u7956\u3067\u3001\u30E9\u30F3\u30AB\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u671D\u5275\u59CB\u8005\u30D8\u30F3\u30EA\u30FC4\u4E16\u306E\u7236\u3002\u30A8\u30C9\u30EF\u30FC\u30C9\u9ED2\u592A\u5B50\u3001\u30AF\u30E9\u30EC\u30F3\u30B9\u516C\u30E9\u30A4\u30AA\u30CD\u30EB\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30A2\u30F3\u30C8\u30EF\u30FC\u30D7\u306F\u5144\u3001\u30E8\u30FC\u30AF\u516C\u30A8\u30C9\u30DE\u30F3\u30C9\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30E9\u30F3\u30B0\u30EA\u30FC\u3001\u30B0\u30ED\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u516C\u30C8\u30DE\u30B9\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30A6\u30C3\u30C9\u30B9\u30C8\u30C3\u30AF\u306F\u5F1F\u3002\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u5B97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u306E\u5148\u99C6\u8005\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30A6\u30A3\u30AF\u30EA\u30D5\u306E\u4FDD\u8B77\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . "yes"@en . . "\u039F \u0399\u03C9\u03AC\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0393\u03AC\u03BD\u03B4\u03B7\u03C2, 1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03B4\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u039B\u03AC\u03BD\u03BA\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1 (John of Gaunt, 24 \u0399\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1340 - 3 \u03A6\u03B5\u03B2\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03B1\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1399) \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u039F\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03BD\u03B6\u03BF\u03CD-\u03A0\u03BB\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03B5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD, \u03B9\u03B4\u03C1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03BB\u03AC\u03B4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u039B\u03AC\u03BD\u03BA\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1, \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B4\u03BF\u03CD\u03BA\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u039B\u03AC\u03BD\u03BA\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1."@el . . "Jan van Gent (Engels: John of Gaunt) (Gent, in de Sint-Baafsabdij, 24 juni 1340 \u2013 Londen, 3 februari 1399) was de vierde zoon van koning Eduard III van Engeland en Filippa van Henegouwen. Door zijn eerste huwelijk met zijn nicht Blanche van Lancaster (1359) kreeg hij in 1362 de titel hertog van Lancaster. Tijdens de boerenrevolte van 1381 verwoestte een menigte zijn kasteel, het . De herkomst van de naam jan-van-gent voor een bepaald soort vogel heeft niets met deze persoon te maken, maar is mogelijk een verbastering van de Keltische naam voor de vogel (Iers: gain\u00E9ad, Engels gannet)."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . "#Children"@en . . . . . . "Giovanni di Gand (in inglese John of Gaunt; Gand, 6 marzo 1340 \u2013 Leicestershire, 3 febbraio 1399), quartogenito di Edoardo III d'Inghilterra, fu conte di Richmond dal 1342 al 1372, duca di Lancaster dal 1362 e duca d'Aquitania dal 1390 alla sua morte; fu inoltre il capostipite del casato reale britannico di Lancaster."@it . . "Johan av Gent (engelska: John of Gaunt), f\u00F6dd 24 juni 1340 i Gent, d\u00F6d 3 februari 1399 p\u00E5 Leicester Castle, var hertig av Lancaster, Edvard III och Filippa av Hainaut tredje \u00F6verlevande son. Han kallas \"av Gent\" d\u00E5 han f\u00F6ddes i Gent (i nuvarande Belgien)."@sv . . . . . . "Johano de Gento (a\u016D de Ganto) a\u016D John of Gaunt, 1-a Duko de Lankastro, O\u011C (6-a de marto 1340 \u2013 3-a de februaro 1399) estis angla princo, militistestro, kaj \u015Dtatestro, tria el kvin survivantaj filoj de la re\u011Do Eduardo la 3-a de Anglio. Pro sia re\u011Da origino, avanta\u011Daj geedzecoj, kaj kelkaj malavaraj terdonacoj, Ganto estis unu el la plej ri\u0109aj homoj siaepoke, kaj influa figuro dum la regadoj de sia patro kaj nevo, Rikardo la 2-a. Kiel Duko de Lankastro, li estis la fondinto de la re\u011Da dinastio de la Lankastroj, kies membroj ascendos al la trono post lia morto. Lia naskoloko, Gento, korupti\u011Dis en angla al Gaunt, el kio Ganto. Kiam li i\u011Dis malpopulara poste, onidiroj cirkulis, ke li estis fakte la filo de bu\u0109isto el Gento, eble \u0109ar Eduardo la 3-a ne \u0109eestis dum la nasko. Tiu historio \u0109iam furi"@eo . ""@en . . . . . . "Joan Gantekoa (Gante, Flandriako konderria, gaur egun Belgika, 1340ko martxoaren 6a - Leicesterko gaztelua, Leicestershire, Ingalaterra, 1399ko otsailaren 3a) Lancasterko eta Akitaniako dukea izan zen."@eu . . . . . . . . "collapsed"@en . . . "John dari Gaunt"@in . "Juan de Gante, duque de Lancaster (6 de marzo de 1340 - 3 de febrero de 1399) fue un noble ingl\u00E9s, cuarto hijo var\u00F3n \u2014pero tercero superviviente\u2014 del rey Eduardo III de Inglaterra y de Felipa de Henao."@es . . . . . . . "Jan z Gentu"@cs . . . . "John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (6 March 1340 \u2013 3 February 1399) was an English royal prince, military leader, and statesman. He was the fourth son (third to survive infancy as William of Hatfield died shortly after birth) of King Edward III of England, and the father of King Henry IV. Due to Gaunt's royal origin, advantageous marriages, and some generous land grants, he was one of the richest men of his era, and was an influential figure during the reigns of both his father and his nephew, Richard II. As Duke of Lancaster, he is the founder of the royal House of Lancaster, whose members would ascend the throne after his death. His birthplace, Ghent in Flanders, then known in English as Gaunt, was the origin of his name. When he became unpopular later in life, a scurrilous rumour circulated, along with lampoons, claiming that he was actually the son of a Ghent butcher. This rumour, which infuriated him, may have been inspired by the fact that Edward III had not been present at his birth. John's early career was spent in France and Spain fighting in the Hundred Years' War. He made an abortive attempt to enforce a claim to the Crown of Castile that came through his second wife, Constance of Castile, and for a time styled himself as King of Castile. When Edward the Black Prince, Gaunt's elder brother and heir-apparent to the ageing Edward III, became incapacitated due to poor health, Gaunt assumed control of many government functions, and rose to become one of the most powerful political figures in England. He was faced with military difficulties abroad and political divisions at home, and disagreements as to how to deal with these crises led to tensions among Gaunt, the English Parliament, and the ruling class, making him an extremely unpopular figure for a time. John exercised great influence over the English throne during the minority of King Richard II (Edward the Black Prince's son) and the ensuing periods of political strife. He mediated between the king and a group of rebellious nobles, which included Gaunt's own son and heir-apparent, Henry Bolingbroke. Following Gaunt's death in 1399, his estates and titles were declared forfeit to the Crown, and his son Henry, now disinherited, was branded a traitor and exiled. Henry returned from exile shortly after to reclaim his inheritance, and deposed Richard. He reigned as King Henry IV of England (1399\u20131413), the first of the descendants of John of Gaunt to hold the English throne. All English monarchs beginning with Henry IV are descended from John of Gaunt. His direct male line, the House of Lancaster, would rule England from 1399 until the time of the Wars of the Roses. Gaunt is also generally considered to have fathered five children outside marriage: one early in life by a lady-in-waiting to his mother; the others, surnamed Beaufort, by Katherine Swynford, his long-term mistress and third wife. They were later legitimised by royal and papal decrees, but this did not affect Henry IV's bar to their having a place in the line of succession. Through his daughter Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, he was an ancestor of the Yorkist kings Edward IV, Edward V and Richard III. Through his great-granddaughter Lady Margaret Beaufort he was also an ancestor of Henry VII, who married Edward IV's daughter Elizabeth of York, and all subsequent monarchs are descendants of their marriage. Two of John's daughters married into continental royal houses (those of Portugal and Castile). Through them, many royal families of Europe can trace lineage to him."@en . . . . . . . "\u5CA1\u7279\u7684\u7D04\u7FF0\uFF08John of Gaunt\uFF0C1340\u5E74\uFF0D1399\u5E74\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u82F1\u683C\u862D\u570B\u738B\u611B\u5FB7\u83EF\u4E09\u4E16\u7684\u5152\u5B50\uFF0C\u7406\u67E5\u4E8C\u4E16\u7684\u53D4\u53D4\uFF0C\u56E0\u70BA\u4F84\u5B50\u5E74\u5E7C\uFF0C\u6545\u6B64\u57281377\u5E74\uFF0D1399\u5E74\u9593\u4EE3\u4ED6\u6CBB\u7406\u570B\u5BB6\u3002\u7D04\u7FF0\u56E0\u5A36\u4E86\u7684\u5973\u5152\u5E03\u862D\u5947\u800C\u6210\u4E3A\u862D\u958B\u65AF\u7279\u516C\u7235\uFF0C\u800C\u4ED6\u7684\u7B2C\u4E8C\u4EFB\u59BB\u5B50\u5EB7\u65AF\u5766\u7D72\u662F\u5361\u65AF\u8482\u5229\u4E9E\u66B4\u541B\u4F69\u5FB7\u7F85\u7684\u5973\u5152\uFF0C\u4ED6\u56E0\u6B64\u8981\u6C42\u5361\u65AF\u8482\u5229\u4E9E\u7684\u738B\u4F4D\uFF0C\u4F46\u672A\u80FD\u6230\u52DD\u7AF6\u722D\u5C0D\u624B\u6069\u91CC\u514B\u4E8C\u4E16\u3002 \u7D04\u7FF0\u6B7B\u540E\uFF0C\u7406\u67E5\u6CA1\u6536\u4E86\u862D\u958B\u65AF\u7279\u5BB6\u7684\u838A\u5712\uFF0C\u4F46\u7EA6\u7FF0\u7684\u9577\u5B50\u4EA8\u5229\u4E8E\u7576\u5E74\u5175\u4E0D\u8840\u5203\u596A\u53D6\u4E86\u7406\u67E5\u7684\u738B\u4F4D\uFF0C\u6210\u4E3A\u4EA8\u5229\u56DB\u4E16\uFF0C\u5EFA\u7ACB\u4E86\u862D\u958B\u65AF\u7279\u738B\u671D\u3002\u800C\u5176\u5F8C\u8207\u5176\u5C0D\u7ACB\u7684\u7D04\u514B\u738B\u671D\u541B\u4E3B\u611B\u5FB7\u83EF\u56DB\u4E16\u7684\u6BCD\u7CFB\u5167\u7DAD\u723E\u5BB6\u65CF\u4EE5\u53CA\u5F8C\u4F86\u7684\u90FD\u9438\u738B\u671D\u5275\u59CB\u4EBA\u4EA8\u5229\u4E03\u4E16\u7684\u6BCD\u7CFB\u535A\u798F\u7279\u5BB6\u65CF\u90FD\u662F\u4ED6\u8207\u7B2C\u4E09\u4EFB\u59BB\u5B50\u6240\u751F\u7684\u5152\u5B50\u7D04\u7FF0\u00B7\u535A\u798F\u7279\u7684\u540E\u4EE3\uFF0C \u4EA8\u5229\u56DB\u4E16\u4EE5\u5F8C\u7684\u82F1\u683C\u862D\u570B\u738B\uFF0C\u53CA\u8A79\u59C6\u58EB\u4E8C\u4E16\u4EE5\u5F8C\u7684\u8607\u683C\u862D\u570B\u738B\u7686\u70BA\u7D04\u7FF0\u7684\u5F8C\u88D4\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "John of Gaunt"@en . . "\uC81C1\uB300 \uB7AD\uCEE4\uC2A4\uD130 \uACF5\uC791 \uACE4\uD2B8\uC758 \uC874(John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1340\uB144 3\uC6D4 6\uC77C ~ 1399\uB144 2\uC6D4 3\uC77C)\uC740 \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uC758 \uC655\uC871\uC774\uC790 \uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD604\uC7AC \uBCA8\uAE30\uC5D0 \uD5E8\uD2B8(Ghent)\uC5D0\uC11C \uD0DC\uC5B4\uB0AC\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0 \uD5E8\uD2B8(Ghent)\uC758 \uBCC0\uD615\uC778 \uACE4\uD2B8(Gaunt)\uC758 \uC874\uC73C\uB85C \uBD88\uB9AC\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uC758 \uC655 \uC5D0\uB4DC\uC6CC\uB4DC 3\uC138\uC640 \uC758 \uB137\uC9F8 \uC544\uB4E4\uB85C, \uD751\uD0DC\uC790 \uC5D0\uB4DC\uC6CC\uB4DC, \uB77C\uC774\uC624\uB12C \uD50C\uB79C\uD0DC\uC800\uB137\uC758 \uB3D9\uC0DD\uC774\uC790 \uC694\uD06C\uC758 \uC5D0\uB4DC\uBA3C\uB4DC 1\uC138\uC758 \uD615\uC774\uB2E4. \uB7AD\uCEE4\uC2A4\uD130 \uC655\uAC00\uC758 \uC2DC\uC870\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uD63C\uC778\uAD00\uACC4\uB97C \uD1B5\uD574 \uC694\uD06C \uC655\uAC00\uC640 \uD29C\uB354 \uC655\uAC00\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB3C4 \uC870\uC0C1\uC774 \uB418\uB294 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uC778\uCC99\uAD00\uACC4\uB97C \uD615\uC131\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1367\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1374\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uADF8\uB294 \uC601\uAD6D\uACFC \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC758 \uBC31\uB144\uC804\uC7C1\uC5D0 \uCC38\uC804\uD558\uC5EC \uC9C0\uD718\uAD00\uC73C\uB85C \uBCF5\uBB34\uD588\uACE0, \uADC0\uAD6D \uD6C4\uC5D0\uB294 \uCC98\uAC00\uC778 \uB7AD\uCEE4\uC2A4\uD130 \uC655\uAC00\uC758 \uC601\uC9C0\uB97C \uC0C1\uC18D\uD588\uB2E4. \uC870\uCE74\uC778 \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC 2\uC138\uAC00 \uC989\uC704\uD55C \uB4A4\uC5D0\uB294 \uC12D\uC815 \uACB8 \uC655\uC758 \uC720\uB825\uD55C \uC870\uC5B8\uC790\uB85C \uD65C\uC57D\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC 2\uC138\uC640\uC758 \uAD00\uACC4\uB294 \uC6D0\uB9CC\uD558\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD588\uB2E4. 1389\uB144\uC5D0 \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC 2\uC138\uAC00 \uCE5C\uC815\uC744 \uC2DC\uC791\uD558\uC790 \uC774\uBCA0\uB9AC\uC544 \uBC18\uB3C4\uC758 \uCE74\uC2A4\uD2F0\uC544 \uC655\uAD6D\uC758 \uC655\uC704\uB97C \uACC4\uC2B9\uD558\uACE0\uC790 \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uB97C \uB5A0\uB09C\uB2E4. \uACE4\uD2B8\uC758 \uC874\uC774 \uC8FD\uC740\uD6C4\uC758 \uC544\uB4E4 \uD5E8\uB9AC\uAC00 1399\uB144\uC5D0 \uC0AC\uCD0C\uB3D9\uC0DD\uC778 \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC 2\uC138\uC758 \uC655\uC704\uB97C \uCC2C\uD0C8\uD558\uC5EC \uD5E8\uB9AC 4\uC138\uB85C \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC \uAD6D\uC655\uC758 \uC790\uB9AC\uC5D0 \uC624\uB974\uAC8C \uB41C\uB2E4."@ko . . . "more..."@en . "unopposed king"@en . . . "John of Gaunt, 1. Duke of Lancaster"@de . . . . "--01-29"^^ . . "Jan z Gandawy, 1. ksi\u0105\u017C\u0119 Lancaster, KG, ang. John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (ur. 24 czerwca 1340 w Gandawie, zm. 3 lutego 1399 w zamku Leicester), trzeci syn kr\u00F3la Anglii Edwarda III i jego \u017Cony Filipy de Hainault, c\u00F3rki hrabiego Hainaut. 13 listopada 1362 r. jego ojciec nada\u0142 mu tytu\u0142 Duke of Lancaster - ksi\u0119cia Lancaster. Mia\u0142 on ogromny wp\u0142yw na polityk\u0119 angielsk\u0105 podczas rz\u0105d\u00F3w swego bratanka - Ryszarda II. Jego legalni potomkowie, zwani Lancasterami przez pewien czas rz\u0105dzili Angli\u0105, byli to: Henryk IV, Henryk V i Henryk VI - odpowiednio syn, wnuk i prawnuk Jana. Jego legitymizowani potomkowie ze zwi\u0105zku pozama\u0142\u017Ce\u0144skiego z , zwani Beaufortami w\u017Cenili si\u0119 w rodzin\u0119 Tudor\u00F3w, kt\u00F3ra r\u00F3wnie\u017C rz\u0105dzi\u0142a Angli\u0105 pocz\u0105wszy od Henryka VII Tudora. Kiedy Jan zmar\u0142 w 1399 r., jego ziemie zosta\u0142y w\u0142\u0105czone do korony, a w 1398 r. kr\u00F3l Ryszard II wygna\u0142 z kraju syna Jana - Henryka Bolingbroke'a. Bolingbroke wr\u00F3ci\u0142, obali\u0142 niepopularnego kr\u00F3la i sam zosta\u0142 kr\u00F3lem - rz\u0105dzi\u0142 Angli\u0105 w latach 1399\u20131413."@pl . "John dari Gaunt, (Adipati Pertama Lancaster, 6 Maret 1340 \u2013 3 Februari 1399) adalah anggota keluarga dari Wangsa Plantagenet, putra ketiga yang selamat dari Raja Edward III dari Inggris dan Philippa dari Hainault. Ia disebut \"John dari Gaunt\" karena ia dilahirkan di Ghent (nama modern Belgia), Gaunt dalam terjemahan ke dalam bahasa Inggris. John terlatih oleh pengaruh yang besar atas tahta Inggris selama keponakannya masih kecil, Richard II, dan selama periode berikutnya perselisihan politik, tetapi tidak diperkirakan terjadi di antara penentang Raja. Pewaris sah John dari Gaunt Lancaster yang lainnya (partai lain di dalam Perang Mawar, York, adalah putra saudaranya, Edmund), termasuk Raja Henry IV, Henry V, dan Henry VI. Keturunan sah yang lainnya termasuk putri-putrinya , istri John I dari Portugal dan ibu Raja , dan , ibu , melalui istri pertamanya, Blanche; dan melalui istri keduanya, Constance, John adalah ayah Ratu Catherine dari Kastilia, istri dan ibu . John merupakan ayah dari 5 orang anak di luar pernikahan, 1 dari dayang ibunya, dan 4 yang bernama \"\", oleh Katherine Swynford, gundik Gaunt dan ketiga istrinya. Keturunan Beaufort, 3 orang putra dan seorang putri, disahkan oleh dekret kerajaan dan keuskupan setelah John dan Katherine menikah pada tahun 1396. Keturunan dari pernikahan ini termasuk Henry Beaufort, Uskup Agung Winchester dan Kardinal; , nenek Raja Edward IV dari Inggris dan Richard III dari Inggris; dan John Beaufort, Earl Pertama Somerset, kakek buyut Raja Henry VII. Ketika John wafat pada tahun 1399, wilayahnya dirampas sebagai denda karena Raja Richard II membuang putra dan pewaris John ke pengasingan, Henry Bolingbroke, pada tahun 1398. Bolingbroke kembali dari pengasingan untuk menuntut warisannya dan menggulingkan Richard. Bolingbroke kemudian memerintah sebagai Raja Henry IV dari Inggris (1399\u20131413), keturunan pertama John dari Gaunt yang memegang tahta kerajaan Inggris. John dimakamkan di sisi istri pertamanya, Blanche dari Lancaster, dibagian tengah di makam alabaster yang dirancang oleh (yang serupa dengan makam putranya yang terletak di Katedral Canterbury)."@in . . . . . . . . "2"^^ . . . . . 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\u062B\u0645 \u0627\u062A\u062D\u0627\u062F \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062A\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064A \u062A\u064A\u0648\u062F\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0623\u062A\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0644 \u062C\u0648\u0646 \u063A\u0648\u0646\u062A \u0648\u0625\u0644\u064A\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064A\u062B \u064A\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u062F\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062F \u0644\u0627\u0646\u063A\u0644\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0627\u0628\u0646\u064A\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627."@ar . . . . . . . . . "Jan z Gentu (angl. John of Gaunt, 6. b\u0159ezna 1340 \u2013 3. \u00FAnora 1399), 1. v\u00E9voda z Lancasteru, byl anglick\u00FD \u0161lechtic, kter\u00FD poch\u00E1zel z kr\u00E1lovsk\u00E9ho rodu Plantagenet\u016F. Narodil se jako t\u0159et\u00ED syn anglick\u00E9ho kr\u00E1le Eduarda III. a Filipy Henegavsk\u00E9. Jeho p\u016Fvodn\u00ED p\u0159\u00EDdomek je odvozen ze jm\u00E9na jeho rodi\u0161t\u011B, m\u011Bsta Gentu v sou\u010Dasn\u00E9 Belgii."@cs . "1340-03-06"^^ . . . . "Duke of Lancaster"@en . . . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0413\u043E\u043D\u0442 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John of Gaunt; \u043C\u0430\u0440\u0442/\u043C\u0430\u0439 1340 \u2014 3 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044F 1399) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u0420\u0438\u0447\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0434 \u0432 1342\u20141373 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440, \u0414\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0438, \u041B\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u041B\u0438\u043D\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043D, \u0441\u0435\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0440 \u0434\u0435 \u0411\u043E\u0444\u043E\u0440 \u0438 \u0434\u0435 \u041D\u043E\u0436\u0430\u043D \u0441 1362 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u0410\u043A\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0441 1390 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044B\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u044B\u043D \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u042D\u0434\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 III \u0438 \u0424\u0438\u043B\u0438\u043F\u043F\u044B \u0413\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0443. \u0415\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u00AB\u0413\u043E\u043D\u0442\u00BB \u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E, \u00AB\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0435\u00BB. \u041E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0434\u043E\u043C\u0430 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0432, \u043A \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0434\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0438\u0445 IV, \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0438\u0445 V \u0438 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0438\u0445 VI."@ru . . . . . . "John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (6 March 1340 \u2013 3 February 1399) was an English royal prince, military leader, and statesman. He was the fourth son (third to survive infancy as William of Hatfield died shortly after birth) of King Edward III of England, and the father of King Henry IV. Due to Gaunt's royal origin, advantageous marriages, and some generous land grants, he was one of the richest men of his era, and was an influential figure during the reigns of both his father and his nephew, Richard II. As Duke of Lancaster, he is the founder of the royal House of Lancaster, whose members would ascend the throne after his death. His birthplace, Ghent in Flanders, then known in English as Gaunt, was the origin of his name. When he became unpopular later in life, a scurrilous rumour circulat"@en . . . . . . "--03-02"^^ . . "1121266930"^^ . . . . . . . . . "Jean de Gand, duc de Lancastre (6 mars 1340 \u2013 3 f\u00E9vrier 1399), est un noble anglais et membre de la maison Plantagen\u00EAt. Il est le troisi\u00E8me fils du roi \u00C9douard III et de la reine Philippa de Hainaut. Il est appel\u00E9 au cours de sa vie Jean de Gand car il est n\u00E9 \u00E0 Gand, alors en Flandre. Lorsqu\u2019il devint plus tard impopulaire pendant les ann\u00E9es 1370, des rumeurs circul\u00E8rent qu\u2019il \u00E9tait en fait le fils d\u2019un boucher de Gand, peut-\u00EAtre parce qu\u2019\u00C9douard III n\u2019\u00E9tait pas pr\u00E9sent \u00E0 sa naissance. Jean exerce une grande influence politique au moment o\u00F9 son neveu Richard II acc\u00E8de au tr\u00F4ne d\u2019Angleterre et ce durant toute sa minorit\u00E9. Gand est un acteur des tensions politiques qui marquent l\u2019Angleterre \u00E0 cette \u00E9poque. Ayant re\u00E7u de son p\u00E8re de nombreuses terres, il devient l\u2019un des hommes les plus riches de son \u00E9poque. Il revendique sans succ\u00E8s la couronne de Castille au nom de sa seconde \u00E9pouse Constance. Jean de Gand a notamment pour descendants les rois de la maison de Lancastre, qui sont Henri IV, Henri V et Henri VI d'Angleterre. On compte \u00E9galement parmi ses descendants l\u00E9gitimes ses filles Philippa, reine de Portugal, \u00C9lisabeth, duchesse d'Exeter et Catherine, reine de Castille. Jean de Gand est de plus le p\u00E8re de quatre enfants ill\u00E9gitimes par sa ma\u00EEtresse Katherine Swynford, qu\u2019il \u00E9pouse en 1396. Il l\u00E9gitime ses enfants par des d\u00E9crets royal et papal l\u2019ann\u00E9e suivante. De ce troisi\u00E8me et dernier mariage descendent Jeanne Beaufort, grand-m\u00E8re des futurs rois \u00C9douard IV et Richard III ; Jean Beaufort, arri\u00E8re-grand-p\u00E8re d'Henri VII ; et Jeanne Beaufort, de qui descendent tous les rois d'\u00C9cosse \u00E0 partir de 1437 et d'Angleterre \u00E0 partir de 1603. Les trois maisons royales qui r\u00E8gnent sur l\u2019Angleterre apr\u00E8s 1399 \u2014 les maisons de Lancastre, d\u2019York et Tudor \u2014 descendent respectivement d\u2019Henri IV d\u2019Angleterre, de Jeanne Beaufort et de Jean Beaufort. De plus, la fille de Jean de Gand, Catherine de Lancastre, \u00E9pouse Henri III de Castille, ce qui fait de Jean de Gand, l\u2019anc\u00EAtre de tous les rois de Castille \u00E0 partir de 1406. Par sa fille Philippa de Lancastre, il est aussi l\u2019anc\u00EAtre de tous les rois de Portugal \u00E0 partir de 1433. Le fils a\u00EEn\u00E9 et h\u00E9ritier de Jean de Gand, Henri Bolingbroke, est exil\u00E9 pour dix ans par le roi Richard II en 1398. Lorsque Jean de Gand mourut en 1399, ses vastes \u00E9tats furent confisqu\u00E9s par la couronne, apr\u00E8s quoi Richard d\u00E9clara Bolingbroke tra\u00EEtre et l\u2019exila \u00E0 vie. Bolingbroke revint d\u2019exil pour reprendre son h\u00E9ritage et d\u00E9posa Richard. Bolingbroke r\u00E9gna alors sous le nom d\u2019Henri IV jusqu\u2019\u00E0 sa mort en 1413. Il est le premier des descendants de Jean de Gand \u00E0 r\u00E9gner sur l\u2019Angleterre."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Juan de Gante, duque de Lancaster (6 de marzo de 1340 - 3 de febrero de 1399) fue un noble ingl\u00E9s, cuarto hijo var\u00F3n \u2014pero tercero superviviente\u2014 del rey Eduardo III de Inglaterra y de Felipa de Henao."@es . . . . . . . . "1396-01-13"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1390"^^ . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0413\u043E\u043D\u0442 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John of Gaunt; \u043C\u0430\u0440\u0442/\u043C\u0430\u0439 1340 \u2014 3 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044F 1399) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u0420\u0438\u0447\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0434 \u0432 1342\u20141373 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440, \u0414\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0438, \u041B\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u041B\u0438\u043D\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043D, \u0441\u0435\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0440 \u0434\u0435 \u0411\u043E\u0444\u043E\u0440 \u0438 \u0434\u0435 \u041D\u043E\u0436\u0430\u043D \u0441 1362 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u0410\u043A\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0441 1390 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044B\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u044B\u043D \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u042D\u0434\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 III \u0438 \u0424\u0438\u043B\u0438\u043F\u043F\u044B \u0413\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0443. \u0415\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u00AB\u0413\u043E\u043D\u0442\u00BB \u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E, \u00AB\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0435\u00BB. \u041E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0434\u043E\u043C\u0430 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0432, \u043A \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0434\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0438\u0445 IV, \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0438\u0445 V \u0438 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0438\u0445 VI. \u0411\u043B\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0443 \u0441 \u0411\u043B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0443\u043D\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B \u043E\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u043E\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043B \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u043B. \u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043A \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0438\u043B \u0435\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D \u041A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u041B\u0435\u043E\u043D\u0430, \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043A\u043E \u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043F\u044B\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0451\u043C, \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043E\u043D \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u044F\u043B \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434 \u0432 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\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0435 \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043B \u0437\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0442\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C, \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u044B \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0446\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0435 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u044B \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u044F\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430, \u0420\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 II. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043E\u043D \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0442\u043D\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0435 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\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u0440\u044F\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0439."@ru . . "1362"^^ . . . . . . . . "1361"^^ . . . . "53294"^^ . . . . . "Jo\u00E3o de Gante (em ingl\u00EAs: John of Gaunt; Gante, 6 de mar\u00E7o de 1340 - Leicester, 3 de fevereiro de 1399), senescal de Inglaterra, foi membro da Casa de Plantageneta, o terceiro dos quatro filhos sobreviventes do rei Eduardo III da Inglaterra e de Filipa de Hainault. Ele foi chamado de \"Jo\u00E3o de Gante\" porque nasceu em Gante, ent\u00E3o traduzido em ingl\u00EAs como Gaunt. Quando ele se tornou impopular mais tarde na vida, rumores e s\u00E1tiras circularam de que ele era na verdade filho de um a\u00E7ougueiro de Ghent, talvez porque Eduardo III n\u00E3o estava presente no nascimento. Essa hist\u00F3ria sempre o levou \u00E0 f\u00FAria. Como irm\u00E3o mais novo de Eduardo, Pr\u00EDncipe de Gales (Eduardo, o Pr\u00EDncipe Negro), Jo\u00E3o exerceu grande influ\u00EAncia sobre o trono ingl\u00EAs durante a minoridade do filho de Eduardo, que se tornou o Rei Rica"@pt . "1371-09-21"^^ . . . . . . . . "1372"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Joan de Gant (6 de mar\u00E7 de 1340 - 3 de febrer de 1399), el 1r Duc de Lancaster, va ser el tercer fill del rei Eduard III d'Anglaterra que arrib\u00E0 a l'edat adulta. Despr\u00E9s del seu matrimoni amb Blanca de Lancaster i la mort del seu sogre Enric de Grosmont, va rebre en her\u00E8ncia les riques terres del Ducat de Lancaster, primer com a comte i despr\u00E9s com a duc. Va exercir una notable influ\u00E8ncia durant el regnat del seu nebot Ricard II en minoria d'edat. Tamb\u00E9 va tenir un paper important durant el per\u00EDode d'inestabilitat que marc\u00E0 l'\u00FAltima etapa del regnat de Ricard, tot i que procur\u00E0 que no se l'associ\u00E9s obertament amb els oponents del rei."@ca . . . "Jean de Gand"@fr . . "\u0399\u03C9\u03AC\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0393\u03AC\u03BD\u03B4\u03B7\u03C2"@el . . . . "Jan z Gandawy, 1. ksi\u0105\u017C\u0119 Lancaster, KG, ang. John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (ur. 24 czerwca 1340 w Gandawie, zm. 3 lutego 1399 w zamku Leicester), trzeci syn kr\u00F3la Anglii Edwarda III i jego \u017Cony Filipy de Hainault, c\u00F3rki hrabiego Hainaut. 13 listopada 1362 r. jego ojciec nada\u0142 mu tytu\u0142 Duke of Lancaster - ksi\u0119cia Lancaster. Mia\u0142 on ogromny wp\u0142yw na polityk\u0119 angielsk\u0105 podczas rz\u0105d\u00F3w swego bratanka - Ryszarda II."@pl . . "Juan de Gante"@es . . . . . . . . . "Jan z Gandawy"@pl . "\u5CA1\u7279\u7684\u7D04\u7FF0\uFF08John of Gaunt\uFF0C1340\u5E74\uFF0D1399\u5E74\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u82F1\u683C\u862D\u570B\u738B\u611B\u5FB7\u83EF\u4E09\u4E16\u7684\u5152\u5B50\uFF0C\u7406\u67E5\u4E8C\u4E16\u7684\u53D4\u53D4\uFF0C\u56E0\u70BA\u4F84\u5B50\u5E74\u5E7C\uFF0C\u6545\u6B64\u57281377\u5E74\uFF0D1399\u5E74\u9593\u4EE3\u4ED6\u6CBB\u7406\u570B\u5BB6\u3002\u7D04\u7FF0\u56E0\u5A36\u4E86\u7684\u5973\u5152\u5E03\u862D\u5947\u800C\u6210\u4E3A\u862D\u958B\u65AF\u7279\u516C\u7235\uFF0C\u800C\u4ED6\u7684\u7B2C\u4E8C\u4EFB\u59BB\u5B50\u5EB7\u65AF\u5766\u7D72\u662F\u5361\u65AF\u8482\u5229\u4E9E\u66B4\u541B\u4F69\u5FB7\u7F85\u7684\u5973\u5152\uFF0C\u4ED6\u56E0\u6B64\u8981\u6C42\u5361\u65AF\u8482\u5229\u4E9E\u7684\u738B\u4F4D\uFF0C\u4F46\u672A\u80FD\u6230\u52DD\u7AF6\u722D\u5C0D\u624B\u6069\u91CC\u514B\u4E8C\u4E16\u3002 \u7D04\u7FF0\u6B7B\u540E\uFF0C\u7406\u67E5\u6CA1\u6536\u4E86\u862D\u958B\u65AF\u7279\u5BB6\u7684\u838A\u5712\uFF0C\u4F46\u7EA6\u7FF0\u7684\u9577\u5B50\u4EA8\u5229\u4E8E\u7576\u5E74\u5175\u4E0D\u8840\u5203\u596A\u53D6\u4E86\u7406\u67E5\u7684\u738B\u4F4D\uFF0C\u6210\u4E3A\u4EA8\u5229\u56DB\u4E16\uFF0C\u5EFA\u7ACB\u4E86\u862D\u958B\u65AF\u7279\u738B\u671D\u3002\u800C\u5176\u5F8C\u8207\u5176\u5C0D\u7ACB\u7684\u7D04\u514B\u738B\u671D\u541B\u4E3B\u611B\u5FB7\u83EF\u56DB\u4E16\u7684\u6BCD\u7CFB\u5167\u7DAD\u723E\u5BB6\u65CF\u4EE5\u53CA\u5F8C\u4F86\u7684\u90FD\u9438\u738B\u671D\u5275\u59CB\u4EBA\u4EA8\u5229\u4E03\u4E16\u7684\u6BCD\u7CFB\u535A\u798F\u7279\u5BB6\u65CF\u90FD\u662F\u4ED6\u8207\u7B2C\u4E09\u4EFB\u59BB\u5B50\u6240\u751F\u7684\u5152\u5B50\u7D04\u7FF0\u00B7\u535A\u798F\u7279\u7684\u540E\u4EE3\uFF0C \u4EA8\u5229\u56DB\u4E16\u4EE5\u5F8C\u7684\u82F1\u683C\u862D\u570B\u738B\uFF0C\u53CA\u8A79\u59C6\u58EB\u4E8C\u4E16\u4EE5\u5F8C\u7684\u8607\u683C\u862D\u570B\u738B\u7686\u70BA\u7D04\u7FF0\u7684\u5F8C\u88D4\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "Johano de Gento"@eo . . . . . . . . . . . "Jo\u00E3o de Gante"@pt . . . . . . . . . "Giovanni di Gand (in inglese John of Gaunt; Gand, 6 marzo 1340 \u2013 Leicestershire, 3 febbraio 1399), quartogenito di Edoardo III d'Inghilterra, fu conte di Richmond dal 1342 al 1372, duca di Lancaster dal 1362 e duca d'Aquitania dal 1390 alla sua morte; fu inoltre il capostipite del casato reale britannico di Lancaster."@it . . "Jan z Gentu (angl. John of Gaunt, 6. b\u0159ezna 1340 \u2013 3. \u00FAnora 1399), 1. v\u00E9voda z Lancasteru, byl anglick\u00FD \u0161lechtic, kter\u00FD poch\u00E1zel z kr\u00E1lovsk\u00E9ho rodu Plantagenet\u016F. Narodil se jako t\u0159et\u00ED syn anglick\u00E9ho kr\u00E1le Eduarda III. a Filipy Henegavsk\u00E9. Jeho p\u016Fvodn\u00ED p\u0159\u00EDdomek je odvozen ze jm\u00E9na jeho rodi\u0161t\u011B, m\u011Bsta Gentu v sou\u010Dasn\u00E9 Belgii. M\u011Bl velk\u00FD vliv na politick\u00FD v\u00FDvoj a \u017Eivot u dvora za vl\u00E1dy kr\u00E1le Richarda II. Tato doba byla poznamenan\u00E1 politick\u00FDmi spory, ale Jan z Gentu nikdy proti kr\u00E1li Richardovi otev\u0159en\u011B nevystoupil. Byl p\u0159edkem anglick\u00FDch kr\u00E1l\u016F z rodu Lancaster\u016F Jind\u0159icha IV., Jind\u0159icha V. a Jind\u0159icha VI. Zd\u00E1 se, \u017Ee jeho portr\u00E9t je spole\u010Dn\u011B s p\u0159\u00EDbuzn\u00FDmi ukryt ve Wiltonsk\u00E9m diptychu, kde je zobrazen jako postava Jana K\u0159titele."@cs . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0413\u043E\u043D\u0442"@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . "Joan Gantekoa (Gante, Flandriako konderria, gaur egun Belgika, 1340ko martxoaren 6a - Leicesterko gaztelua, Leicestershire, Ingalaterra, 1399ko otsailaren 3a) Lancasterko eta Akitaniako dukea izan zen."@eu . "1399-03-15"^^ . . "\u062C\u0648\u0646 \u063A\u0648\u0646\u062A"@ar . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u0301\u043D \u0413\u043E\u0301\u043D\u0442 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John of Gaunt; 6 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043D\u044F 1340 \u2014 3 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E 1399) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043B\u044F\u0445\u0442\u0438\u0447, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0434\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u041F\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0457 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432. \u041D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0456, \u0424\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0440\u0456\u044F. \u0421\u0438\u043D \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 III \u0456 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0443\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438 . \u0423\u0441\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043A\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044F, \u043B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0456\u0445\u0430 \u0413\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E (1361); \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044F\u0447\u043A\u0438 \u041C\u043E\u0434, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0456 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043A\u0430. \u0411\u0443\u0432 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0456\u0437 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0404\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0438, \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432 30 \u0437\u0430\u043C\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0454\u0442\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0419\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043E\u043C \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457\u043C \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043C \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043E\u043C, \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0427\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u043E\u043C, \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0437 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0454\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456. \u0417\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043D\u0438\u0432 \u043F'\u044F\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0456\u0441\u044F\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u044E \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u044E: \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041A\u0430\u043B\u0435 \u0434\u043E \u0411\u043E\u0440\u0434\u043E (1373). \u041C\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432 \u043D\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F "@uk . . . . . . "Jo\u00E3o de Gante (em ingl\u00EAs: John of Gaunt; Gante, 6 de mar\u00E7o de 1340 - Leicester, 3 de fevereiro de 1399), senescal de Inglaterra, foi membro da Casa de Plantageneta, o terceiro dos quatro filhos sobreviventes do rei Eduardo III da Inglaterra e de Filipa de Hainault. Ele foi chamado de \"Jo\u00E3o de Gante\" porque nasceu em Gante, ent\u00E3o traduzido em ingl\u00EAs como Gaunt. Quando ele se tornou impopular mais tarde na vida, rumores e s\u00E1tiras circularam de que ele era na verdade filho de um a\u00E7ougueiro de Ghent, talvez porque Eduardo III n\u00E3o estava presente no nascimento. Essa hist\u00F3ria sempre o levou \u00E0 f\u00FAria. Como irm\u00E3o mais novo de Eduardo, Pr\u00EDncipe de Gales (Eduardo, o Pr\u00EDncipe Negro), Jo\u00E3o exerceu grande influ\u00EAncia sobre o trono ingl\u00EAs durante a minoridade do filho de Eduardo, que se tornou o Rei Ricardo II, e nos per\u00EDodos de conflito pol\u00EDtico que se seguiram. Devido a algumas concess\u00F5es de terras generosas, Jo\u00E3o foi um dos homens mais ricos de sua \u00E9poca. Ele fez uma tentativa frustrada de impor uma reivindica\u00E7\u00E3o \u00E0 Coroa de Castela que veio por cortesia de sua segunda esposa Constan\u00E7a, que era uma herdeira do Reino Castelhano, e por um tempo se autodenominou como tal. Os herdeiros leg\u00EDtimos de Jo\u00E3o, os Lancastres, incluem os reis Henrique IV, Henrique V e Henrique VI. Seus outros descendentes leg\u00EDtimos incluem suas filhas, a Rainha Filipa de Portugal e Isabel, a Duquesa de Exeter (por sua primeira esposa, Branca de Lancastre), e a Rainha Catarina de Castela (por sua segunda esposa Constan\u00E7a de Castela). Jo\u00E3o teve cinco filhos fora do casamento, um no in\u00EDcio da vida com uma dama de companhia de sua m\u00E3e, e quatro com Catarina Swynford, amante de Gante h\u00E1 muito tempo e terceira esposa. Os filhos de Catarina Swynford, de sobrenome \"Beaufort\", foram legitimados por decretos reais e papais depois que Jo\u00E3o e Catarina se casaram em 1396. Os descendentes desse casamento incluem Joana Beaufort, condessa de Westmorland, av\u00F3 dos reis Eduardo IV e Ricardo III; Jo\u00E3o Beaufort, primeiro conde de Somerset, bisav\u00F4 do rei Henrique VII; e Joana Beaufort, Rainha dos Escoceses, de quem descendem todos os soberanos subsequentes da Esc\u00F3cia a partir de 1437 e todos os soberanos da Inglaterra, Gr\u00E3-Bretanha e Reino Unido de 1603 at\u00E9 os dias atuais. As tr\u00EAs casas de soberanos ingleses que sucederam ao governo de Ricardo II em 1399 - as casas de Lancastre, Iorque e Tudor eram todas descendentes dos filhos de Jo\u00E3o, Henrique IV, Joana Beaufort e Jo\u00E3o Beaufort, respectivamente. Al\u00E9m disso, a filha de Jo\u00E3o, Catarina de Lancastre, era casada com o rei Henrique III de Castela, o que o tornava av\u00F4 do rei Jo\u00E3o II de Castela e ancestral de todos os monarcas subsequentes da Coroa de Castela e da Espanha unida. Por meio de sua filha Filipa, ele foi av\u00F4 do rei Duarte de Portugal e tamb\u00E9m ancestral de todos os monarcas portugueses subsequentes. Por interm\u00E9dio da neta de Jo\u00E3o II de Castela, Joana, a Louca, Jo\u00E3o de Gaunt tamb\u00E9m \u00E9 um ancestral dos governantes dos Habsburgos que reinariam na Espanha e em grande parte da Europa central. O filho mais velho e herdeiro de Jo\u00E3o, Henrique Bolingbroke, duque de Hereford, filho de sua primeira esposa, Branca de Lancastre, foi exilado por dez anos pelo rei Ricardo II em 1398 como resolu\u00E7\u00E3o para uma disputa entre Henrique e Thomas de Mowbray, duque de Norfolk. Quando Jo\u00E3o morreu em 1399, suas propriedades e t\u00EDtulos foram declarados perdidos para a coroa, visto que o rei Ricardo II nomeou Henrique como traidor e mudou sua senten\u00E7a para o ex\u00EDlio vital\u00EDcio. Henrique Bolingbroke voltou do ex\u00EDlio para reclamar sua heran\u00E7a e depor Ricardo. Bolingbroke ent\u00E3o reinou como Rei Henrique IV da Inglaterra (1399-1413), o primeiro dos descendentes de Jo\u00E3o de Gante a ocupar o trono da Inglaterra. Sua primeira esposa, Branca de Lancastre, tamb\u00E9m era sua prima em terceiro grau; ambos eram tataranetos do rei Henrique III. Eles se casaram em 1359 em Reading Abbey como parte dos esfor\u00E7os de Eduardo III para arranjar casamento para seus filhos com herdeiras ricas. Ap\u00F3s a morte de seu sogro, o 1\u00BA Duque de Lancaster, em 1361, Jo\u00E3o recebeu metade de suas terras, o t\u00EDtulo de \"Conde de Lancastre\", e distin\u00E7\u00E3o como o maior propriet\u00E1rio de terras do norte da Inglaterra como herdeiro do Palatinado de Lancastre. Ele tamb\u00E9m se tornou o 14\u00BA Bar\u00E3o de Halton e 11\u00BA Senhor de Bowland. Jo\u00E3o herdou o resto da propriedade de Lancastre quando a irm\u00E3 de Branca, (casada com Guilherme V, conde de Hainaut), morreu sem filhos em 10 de abril de 1362. Jo\u00E3o recebeu o t\u00EDtulo de \"duque de Lancastre\" de seu pai em 13 de novembro de 1362. J\u00E1 bem estabelecido, ele possu\u00EDa pelo menos trinta castelos e propriedades na Inglaterra e na Fran\u00E7a e mantinha uma fam\u00EDlia compar\u00E1vel em escala e organiza\u00E7\u00E3o \u00E0 de um monarca. Ele possu\u00EDa terras em quase todos os condados da Inglaterra, um patrim\u00F4nio que gerava uma renda l\u00EDquida entre \u00A3 8 000 e \u00A3 10 000 por ano. Ap\u00F3s a morte em 1376 de seu irm\u00E3o mais velho Eduardo de Woodstock (tamb\u00E9m conhecido como o \"Pr\u00EDncipe Negro\"), Jo\u00E3o planejou proteger o reformador religioso John Wycliffe, possivelmente para neutralizar o crescente poder secular da igreja. No entanto, a crise se seguiu quase imediatamente em sua aus\u00EAncia, e em 1387 o desgoverno do rei Ricardo levou a Inglaterra \u00E0 beira da Guerra Civil. Somente Jo\u00E3o, em seu retorno \u00E0 Inglaterra em 1389, conseguiu persuadir os Lordes Apelantes e o Rei Ricardo a se comprometerem para inaugurar um per\u00EDodo de relativa estabilidade. Durante a d\u00E9cada de 1390, a reputa\u00E7\u00E3o de devo\u00E7\u00E3o de Jo\u00E3o ao bem-estar do reino foi amplamente restaurada. Algum tempo depois da morte de Branca de Lancastre em 1368 e do nascimento de seu primeiro filho, Jo\u00E3o Beaufort, em 1373, Jo\u00E3o e Catarina Swynford, filha de um cavaleiro comum, iniciaram um caso de amor extraconjugal que produziria quatro filhos para o casal. Todos eles nasceram fora do casamento, mas foram legitimados no eventual casamento dos pais. A rela\u00E7\u00E3o ad\u00FAltera durou at\u00E9 1381, quando foi rompida por necessidade pol\u00EDtica. Em 13 de janeiro de 1396, dois anos ap\u00F3s a morte de Constan\u00E7a de Castela, Catarina e Jo\u00E3o se casaram na Catedral de Lincoln. As crian\u00E7as tinham o sobrenome \"Beaufort\" em homenagem a uma ex-possess\u00E3o francesa do duque. Os filhos Beaufort, tr\u00EAs filhos e uma filha, foram legitimados por decretos reais e papais ap\u00F3s o casamento de Jo\u00E3o e Catarina. Uma condi\u00E7\u00E3o posterior de que eles foram especificamente impedidos de herdar o trono, a frase excepta regali dignitate (\"exceto status real\"), foi inserida com autoridade duvidosa por Henrique IV. Jo\u00E3o morreu de causas naturais em 3 de fevereiro de 1399 no Castelo de Leicester, com sua terceira esposa Catarina ao seu lado. Jo\u00E3o era patrono e amigo pr\u00F3ximo do poeta Geoffrey Chaucer, mais conhecido por sua obra The Canterbury Tales (Os Contos de Cantu\u00E1ria). Perto do fim de suas vidas, Lancastre e Chaucer tornaram-se cunhados. Chaucer se casou com em 1366, e Lancastre tomou sua amante por quase 30 anos, Catarina Swynford, que era irm\u00E3 de , como sua terceira esposa em 1396. Embora Filipa tenha morrido, os homens foram amarrados como irm\u00E3os e filhos de Lancastre por Catarina - Jo\u00E3o, Henrique, Tom\u00E1s e Joana Beaufort eram sobrinhos e sobrinha de Chaucer. A atual Rainha Isabel II e seus predecessores desde Henrique IV s\u00E3o descendentes de Jo\u00E3o de Gante."@pt . . . "d"@en . . . . . "Claimed"@en . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30B4\u30FC\u30F3\u30C8\uFF08John of Gaunt, 1340\u5E743\u67086\u65E5 - 1399\u5E742\u67083\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u306E\u738B\u65CF\u3002\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u738B\u30A8\u30C9\u30EF\u30FC\u30C93\u4E16\u3068\u30D5\u30A3\u30EA\u30C3\u30D1\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30A8\u30CE\u30FC\u306E\u6210\u4EBA\u3078\u9054\u3057\u305F3\u756A\u76EE\u306E\u606F\u5B50\u3002\u30E9\u30F3\u30AB\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u5BB6\u306E\u7956\u3067\u3001\u30E9\u30F3\u30AB\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u671D\u5275\u59CB\u8005\u30D8\u30F3\u30EA\u30FC4\u4E16\u306E\u7236\u3002\u30A8\u30C9\u30EF\u30FC\u30C9\u9ED2\u592A\u5B50\u3001\u30AF\u30E9\u30EC\u30F3\u30B9\u516C\u30E9\u30A4\u30AA\u30CD\u30EB\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30A2\u30F3\u30C8\u30EF\u30FC\u30D7\u306F\u5144\u3001\u30E8\u30FC\u30AF\u516C\u30A8\u30C9\u30DE\u30F3\u30C9\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30E9\u30F3\u30B0\u30EA\u30FC\u3001\u30B0\u30ED\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u516C\u30C8\u30DE\u30B9\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30A6\u30C3\u30C9\u30B9\u30C8\u30C3\u30AF\u306F\u5F1F\u3002\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u5B97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u306E\u5148\u99C6\u8005\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30A6\u30A3\u30AF\u30EA\u30D5\u306E\u4FDD\u8B77\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . "Johan av Gent (engelska: John of Gaunt), f\u00F6dd 24 juni 1340 i Gent, d\u00F6d 3 februari 1399 p\u00E5 Leicester Castle, var hertig av Lancaster, Edvard III och Filippa av Hainaut tredje \u00F6verlevande son. Han kallas \"av Gent\" d\u00E5 han f\u00F6ddes i Gent (i nuvarande Belgien)."@sv . . . . . . . . . . . "John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster KG \u2013 deutsch Johann von Gent, Herzog von Lancaster, franz\u00F6sisch Jean de Gand \u2013 (* 6. M\u00E4rz 1340 in Gent; \u2020 3. Februar 1399 in Leicester) war von 1362 bis zu seinem Tod Duke of Lancaster. Er begr\u00FCndete das Haus Lancaster, das mit seinem Sohn Heinrich erstmals den englischen K\u00F6nig stellte. John entstammte dem urspr\u00FCnglich franz\u00F6sischen Adelsgeschlecht der Anjou-Plantagenet, das seit Heinrich II. die englischen K\u00F6nige stellte; das Haus Lancaster war also eine Seitenlinie des Hauses Plantagenet."@de . . . "John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster KG \u2013 deutsch Johann von Gent, Herzog von Lancaster, franz\u00F6sisch Jean de Gand \u2013 (* 6. M\u00E4rz 1340 in Gent; \u2020 3. Februar 1399 in Leicester) war von 1362 bis zu seinem Tod Duke of Lancaster. Er begr\u00FCndete das Haus Lancaster, das mit seinem Sohn Heinrich erstmals den englischen K\u00F6nig stellte. John entstammte dem urspr\u00FCnglich franz\u00F6sischen Adelsgeschlecht der Anjou-Plantagenet, das seit Heinrich II. die englischen K\u00F6nige stellte; das Haus Lancaster war also eine Seitenlinie des Hauses Plantagenet. John of Gaunt war der dritte \u00FCberlebende Sohn K\u00F6nig Eduards III. von England (1312\u20131377) und dessen Ehefrau Philippa von Hennegau (1311\u20131369). Seine weiteren Titel lauteten Ritter des Hosenbandordens, Lord High Steward of England, Herzog von Aquitanien bzw. Herzog von Guyenne, Earl of Derby, Earl of Lincoln, Earl of Richmond, Earl of Leicester, Lord of Bergerac & Roche-sur-Yon, Lord of Beaufort & Nogent und K\u00F6nig von Kastilien. Der Namenszusatz Gaunt (Gent) leitet sich von seinem Geburtsort Gent in der Grafschaft Flandern ab."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jean de Gand, duc de Lancastre (6 mars 1340 \u2013 3 f\u00E9vrier 1399), est un noble anglais et membre de la maison Plantagen\u00EAt. Il est le troisi\u00E8me fils du roi \u00C9douard III et de la reine Philippa de Hainaut. Il est appel\u00E9 au cours de sa vie Jean de Gand car il est n\u00E9 \u00E0 Gand, alors en Flandre. Lorsqu\u2019il devint plus tard impopulaire pendant les ann\u00E9es 1370, des rumeurs circul\u00E8rent qu\u2019il \u00E9tait en fait le fils d\u2019un boucher de Gand, peut-\u00EAtre parce qu\u2019\u00C9douard III n\u2019\u00E9tait pas pr\u00E9sent \u00E0 sa naissance."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "1368-09-12"^^ . "*"@en . . . . . "Johano de Gento (a\u016D de Ganto) a\u016D John of Gaunt, 1-a Duko de Lankastro, O\u011C (6-a de marto 1340 \u2013 3-a de februaro 1399) estis angla princo, militistestro, kaj \u015Dtatestro, tria el kvin survivantaj filoj de la re\u011Do Eduardo la 3-a de Anglio. Pro sia re\u011Da origino, avanta\u011Daj geedzecoj, kaj kelkaj malavaraj terdonacoj, Ganto estis unu el la plej ri\u0109aj homoj siaepoke, kaj influa figuro dum la regadoj de sia patro kaj nevo, Rikardo la 2-a. Kiel Duko de Lankastro, li estis la fondinto de la re\u011Da dinastio de la Lankastroj, kies membroj ascendos al la trono post lia morto. Lia naskoloko, Gento, korupti\u011Dis en angla al Gaunt, el kio Ganto. Kiam li i\u011Dis malpopulara poste, onidiroj cirkulis, ke li estis fakte la filo de bu\u0109isto el Gento, eble \u0109ar Eduardo la 3-a ne \u0109eestis dum la nasko. Tiu historio \u0109iam furiozigis lin. Johano ekkarieris en Francio kaj Hispanio luktante en la Centjara milito. Li faris klopodon (kiu rezultos malsukcesa) por aliri al la trono de la Re\u011Dlando Kastilio pro sia dua edzino Constanza de Castilla, kaj dum iom da tempo li nomis sin Re\u011Do de Kastilio. Kiam lia patroj kaj lia pli a\u011Da frato, Eduardo, la Nigra Princo, i\u011Dis malkapablaj pro malsano, Gento ekkontrolis multajn regofunkciojn, kaj elstari\u011Dis \u011Dis i\u011Di unu el la plej povegaj politikaj figuroj en Anglio. Li devis fronti militajn malfacila\u0135ojn eksterlande kaj politikajn dividojn hejme, kaj malkonsentoj pri kiel trakti tiujn krizojn kondukis al kontra\u016Dstaroj inter Gento, la Angla Parlamento, kaj la reganta klaso, kio faris lin tre malpopulara figuro dum iom da tempo. Johano faris grandan influon super la anglia trono dum la minoritato de la re\u011Do Rikardo la 3-a, kaj la postaj periodoj de politika maltrankvilo. Li peris inter la re\u011Do kaj grupo de ribelemaj nobeloj, kiu inkludis la propran filon kaj heredonton de Gento, nome Henriko Bolingbroke. Post la morto de Gento en 1399, liaj bienoj kaj titoloj estis deklaritaj transpasendaj al la krono, kaj lia filo, nune senheredigitaj, estis markita kiel perfidulo kaj ekzilita. Henriko Bolingbroke revenis el ekzilo tuj poste por reklami sian hereda\u0135on, kaj elpostenigis Rikardon. li re\u011Dis kiel Henriko la 4-a de Anglio (1399\u20131413), nokme unua el la posteuloj de Johano de Gento kiu tenis la Anglian tronon. La dinastio de Lankastroj regos Anglion el 1399 \u011Dis la epoko de la Militoj de rozoj, kiam la Anglia krono estis disputita kun la dinastio de Jorkoj (formitaj de posteuloj kaj de lia pli juna frato Edmundo, Duko de Jorko kaj de sia pli a\u011Da frato, Lionel, Duko de Klarence). Gento estis patro anka\u016D de kvin filoj ekster la geedzecoj; unu tre frue kun akompanservistino de sia patrino Philippe de Hainaut), la aliaj kun Katherine Swynford, sia longda\u016Dra amatino kaj tria edzino. Ili estis poste legitimigitaj pere de re\u011Daj kaj papaj dekretoj, sed tio ne tu\u015Dis la rajton de Henriko la 4-a al la linio de sukcedo. Spite tiun malpliigon, tra tiuj idoj, nomitaj \"Beaufort\", Gento estas praulo de \u0109iuj monarkoj de Skotlando komence el 1437, kaj de \u0109iuj monarkoj de Anglio de la dinastioj de Lankastroj kaj Tudoroj same kiel, hazarde de, Jorkoj."@eo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "A portrait commissioned in c. 1593 by Sir Edward Hoby for Queenborough Castle, Kent, probably modelled on Gaunt's tomb effigy in Old St Paul's Cathedral. His tabard shows the royal arms of Castile and Le\u00F3n impaling his differenced Plantagenet arms, while on the shield Castile and Le\u00F3n is shown as an inescutcheon of pretence, representing his claim to that kingdom by right of marriage to Constance of Castile."@en . . "1399-02-03"^^ . . . . . . . "\uC81C1\uB300 \uB7AD\uCEE4\uC2A4\uD130 \uACF5\uC791 \uACE4\uD2B8\uC758 \uC874(John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1340\uB144 3\uC6D4 6\uC77C ~ 1399\uB144 2\uC6D4 3\uC77C)\uC740 \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uC758 \uC655\uC871\uC774\uC790 \uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD604\uC7AC \uBCA8\uAE30\uC5D0 \uD5E8\uD2B8(Ghent)\uC5D0\uC11C \uD0DC\uC5B4\uB0AC\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0 \uD5E8\uD2B8(Ghent)\uC758 \uBCC0\uD615\uC778 \uACE4\uD2B8(Gaunt)\uC758 \uC874\uC73C\uB85C \uBD88\uB9AC\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uC758 \uC655 \uC5D0\uB4DC\uC6CC\uB4DC 3\uC138\uC640 \uC758 \uB137\uC9F8 \uC544\uB4E4\uB85C, \uD751\uD0DC\uC790 \uC5D0\uB4DC\uC6CC\uB4DC, \uB77C\uC774\uC624\uB12C \uD50C\uB79C\uD0DC\uC800\uB137\uC758 \uB3D9\uC0DD\uC774\uC790 \uC694\uD06C\uC758 \uC5D0\uB4DC\uBA3C\uB4DC 1\uC138\uC758 \uD615\uC774\uB2E4. \uB7AD\uCEE4\uC2A4\uD130 \uC655\uAC00\uC758 \uC2DC\uC870\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uD63C\uC778\uAD00\uACC4\uB97C \uD1B5\uD574 \uC694\uD06C \uC655\uAC00\uC640 \uD29C\uB354 \uC655\uAC00\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB3C4 \uC870\uC0C1\uC774 \uB418\uB294 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uC778\uCC99\uAD00\uACC4\uB97C \uD615\uC131\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1367\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1374\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uADF8\uB294 \uC601\uAD6D\uACFC \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC758 \uBC31\uB144\uC804\uC7C1\uC5D0 \uCC38\uC804\uD558\uC5EC \uC9C0\uD718\uAD00\uC73C\uB85C \uBCF5\uBB34\uD588\uACE0, \uADC0\uAD6D \uD6C4\uC5D0\uB294 \uCC98\uAC00\uC778 \uB7AD\uCEE4\uC2A4\uD130 \uC655\uAC00\uC758 \uC601\uC9C0\uB97C \uC0C1\uC18D\uD588\uB2E4. \uC870\uCE74\uC778 \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC 2\uC138\uAC00 \uC989\uC704\uD55C \uB4A4\uC5D0\uB294 \uC12D\uC815 \uACB8 \uC655\uC758 \uC720\uB825\uD55C \uC870\uC5B8\uC790\uB85C \uD65C\uC57D\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC 2\uC138\uC640\uC758 \uAD00\uACC4\uB294 \uC6D0\uB9CC\uD558\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD588\uB2E4. 1389\uB144\uC5D0 \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC 2\uC138\uAC00 \uCE5C\uC815\uC744 \uC2DC\uC791\uD558\uC790 \uC774\uBCA0\uB9AC\uC544 \uBC18\uB3C4\uC758 \uCE74\uC2A4\uD2F0\uC544 \uC655\uAD6D\uC758 \uC655\uC704\uB97C \uACC4\uC2B9\uD558\uACE0\uC790 \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uB97C \uB5A0\uB09C\uB2E4. \uACE4\uD2B8\uC758 \uC874\uC774 \uC8FD\uC740\uD6C4\uC758 \uC544\uB4E4 \uD5E8\uB9AC\uAC00 1399\uB144\uC5D0 \uC0AC\uCD0C\uB3D9\uC0DD\uC778 \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC 2\uC138\uC758 \uC655\uC704\uB97C \uCC2C\uD0C8\uD558\uC5EC \uD5E8\uB9AC 4\uC138\uB85C \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC \uAD6D\uC655\uC758 \uC790\uB9AC\uC5D0 \uC624\uB974\uAC8C \uB41C\uB2E4."@ko . . "Giovanni di Gand"@it . . . . . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0413\u043E\u043D\u0442"@ru . . . . . "Jan van Gent (Engels: John of Gaunt) (Gent, in de Sint-Baafsabdij, 24 juni 1340 \u2013 Londen, 3 februari 1399) was de vierde zoon van koning Eduard III van Engeland en Filippa van Henegouwen. Door zijn eerste huwelijk met zijn nicht Blanche van Lancaster (1359) kreeg hij in 1362 de titel hertog van Lancaster. Hij trok ten strijde in Spanje en Frankrijk. Na de dood van Blanche hertrouwde hij in 1371 met Constance van Castili\u00EB, dochter van Peter de Wrede. Vanwege dit huwelijk kon hij aanspraak maken op de titel van koning van Castili\u00EB en Le\u00F3n. In 1374 keerde hij terug naar Engeland en na de dood van zijn broer Eduard de Zwarte Prins werd hij de machtigste man van het land. Hij beschermde de religieuze hervormer John Wyclif, met wie hij sympathiseerde. In 1377 stierf Eduard III en werd opgevolgd door Jans jeugdige neef Richard II. Hij bleef aanvankelijk diens raadgever maar na enkele domme besluiten raakte hij gebrouilleerd met de koning en een deel van het volk. Tijdens de boerenrevolte van 1381 verwoestte een menigte zijn kasteel, het . Op grond van zijn huwelijk met Constance van Castili\u00EB maakte hij aanspraak op de Castiliaanse troon. In 1386 landde hij met een grote krijgsmacht in La Coru\u00F1a, veroverde Bayona, Santiago de Compostela en Vigo. De expeditie mislukte echter door tegenslag, waaronder ziekte van een deel van het leger. Jan van Gent besloot uiteindelijk om af te zien van zijn aanspraken op de troon, en via het Verdrag van Bayona werden deze uiteindelijk afgekocht. Na het mislukte avontuur in Spanje vertrok Jan van Gent naar Aquitani\u00EB, en pas in november 1389 keerde hij terug naar Engeland. Daar verzoende hij zich met de koning. Hij steunde Richard tegen de hertog van Gloucester, Thomas van Woodstock, maar na diens val werd de verhouding weer slechter. Jan had vier kinderen bij zijn minnares Katherine Swynford, een schoonzus van Geoffrey Chaucer. Na de dood van zijn vrouw huwde hij haar en de kinderen werden gewettigd maar uitgesloten van troonopvolging. Zijn achterachterkleinzoon Hendrik VII maakte desondanks aanspraak op de troon. Jans zoon uit zijn eerste huwelijk, Hendrik Bolingbroke, was minder diplomatiek dan zijn vader en werd door Richard II in 1398 verbannen. Jan stierf in 1399 en zijn bezittingen werden verbeurdverklaard. Hierop keerde Hendrik terug. Hij zette Richard af en werd zelf koning als Hendrik IV. De herkomst van de naam jan-van-gent voor een bepaald soort vogel heeft niets met deze persoon te maken, maar is mogelijk een verbastering van de Keltische naam voor de vogel (Iers: gain\u00E9ad, Engels gannet)."@nl . . . . . "--09-29"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "1390"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "2"^^ . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u0301\u043D \u0413\u043E\u0301\u043D\u0442 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John of Gaunt; 6 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043D\u044F 1340 \u2014 3 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E 1399) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043B\u044F\u0445\u0442\u0438\u0447, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0434\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u041F\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0457 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432. \u041D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0456, \u0424\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0440\u0456\u044F. \u0421\u0438\u043D \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 III \u0456 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0443\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438 . \u0423\u0441\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043A\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044F, \u043B\u0430\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0456\u0445\u0430 \u0413\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E (1361); \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044F\u0447\u043A\u0438 \u041C\u043E\u0434, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0456 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043A\u0430. \u0411\u0443\u0432 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0456\u0437 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0404\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0438, \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432 30 \u0437\u0430\u043C\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0454\u0442\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0419\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043E\u043C \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457\u043C \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043C \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043E\u043C, \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0427\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u043E\u043C, \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0437 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0454\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456. \u0417\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043D\u0438\u0432 \u043F'\u044F\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0456\u0441\u044F\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u044E \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u044E: \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041A\u0430\u043B\u0435 \u0434\u043E \u0411\u043E\u0440\u0434\u043E (1373). \u041C\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432 \u043D\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0420\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 II, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043E\u0434 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043D\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0446\u044C\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0420\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430. \u041F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043F\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u0412\u0456\u043A\u043B\u0456\u0444\u0430, \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E, \u0437 \u043C\u0456\u0440\u043A\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u044C \u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044C\u0431\u0438 \u0437 \u0434\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u041A\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0446\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0432\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E \u0437\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438. \u041F\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u041B\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456, \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u044F. \u041F\u0456\u0441\u043B\u044F \u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0456 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u0456\u0441\u043A\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438, \u043E\u0441\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438 \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0438\u043D \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0456\u0445 \u0411\u043E\u043B\u0456\u043D\u0433\u0431\u0440\u043E\u043A (\u043C\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0456\u0445 IV) \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0437 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0438 (1398) \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u0443 \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0456. \u0417\u0433\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0440\u0456\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0434\u043E \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457, \u0441\u043A\u0438\u043D\u0443\u0432 \u0420\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 II \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u0438\u0432 \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B. \u041F\u0440\u0456\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E \u2014 \u0413\u043E\u0301\u043D\u0442 (\u0413\u0435\u0301\u043D\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439; \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. of Gaunt, \u00AB\u0443\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0446\u044C \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u00BB)."@uk . . . . "1359-05-19"^^ . "60076"^^ . . . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30AA\u30D6\u30FB\u30B4\u30FC\u30F3\u30C8"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Joan Gantekoa"@eu . . . . . . "Spouses"@en . "\uC81C1\uB300 \uB7AD\uCEE4\uC2A4\uD130 \uACF5\uC791 \uACE4\uD2B8\uC758 \uC874"@ko . . . . . . "*Plantagenet \n*Lancaster"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Joan de Gant"@ca . . "* Philippa, Queen of Portugal\n* Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter\n* Henry IV, King of England\n* John Beaufort, Earl of Somerset\n* Catherine, Queen of Castile\n* Henry Beaufort\n* Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter\n* Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland"@en . . . . "Johan av Gent"@sv . "Joan de Gant (6 de mar\u00E7 de 1340 - 3 de febrer de 1399), el 1r Duc de Lancaster, va ser el tercer fill del rei Eduard III d'Anglaterra que arrib\u00E0 a l'edat adulta. Despr\u00E9s del seu matrimoni amb Blanca de Lancaster i la mort del seu sogre Enric de Grosmont, va rebre en her\u00E8ncia les riques terres del Ducat de Lancaster, primer com a comte i despr\u00E9s com a duc. Va exercir una notable influ\u00E8ncia durant el regnat del seu nebot Ricard II en minoria d'edat. Tamb\u00E9 va tenir un paper important durant el per\u00EDode d'inestabilitat que marc\u00E0 l'\u00FAltima etapa del regnat de Ricard, tot i que procur\u00E0 que no se l'associ\u00E9s obertament amb els oponents del rei. Pel seu matrimoni amb Constan\u00E7a de Castella, filla del difunt Pere I de Castella i hereva leg\u00EDtima al tron, durant la Primera Guerra de Successi\u00F3 castellana va optar al tron de Castella, que Enric II de Castella va poder consolidar. Entre la desced\u00E8ncia leg\u00EDtima de Joan de Gant hi trobem els tres reis Lancaster: Enric IV, Enric V i Enric VI. Tamb\u00E9 hi trobem Felipa de Lancaster (reina consort de Joan I de Portugal i mare d'Eduard I de Portugal) i Caterina de Lancaster (reina consort d'Enric III de Castella i mare de Joan II de Castella). A m\u00E9s a m\u00E9s dels Beauforts, els fills bastards que tingu\u00E9 amb la seva amant Caterina Swynford que foren legitimitzats amb el matrimoni entre ambd\u00F3s el 1396, descendia (per l\u00EDnia materna) Enric VII d'Anglaterra de la Casa Tudor. Quan Joan de Gant va morir el 1399, les seves terres van ser confiscades per la corona, ja que Ricard II havia exiliat el seu fill i hereu, Enric Bolingbroke un any abans. Bolingbroke va tornar i va derrocar l'impopular rei Ricard, iniciant el seu regnat com a Enric IV d'Anglaterra. Joan de Gant va ser enterrat al costat de la seva primera esposa Blanca de Lancaster a la Catedral de Sant Pau a Londres."@ca . . "Jan van Gent"@nl . . . . . . . . . . . "\u5188\u7279\u7684\u7EA6\u7FF0"@zh . . . . . . "Late 15th century portrait of John of Gaunt, also depicting his coat of arms"@en .