. . . . . . . . . . . . "La joute \u00E9questre est l'une des plus c\u00E9l\u00E8bres \u00E9preuves des tournois de chevalerie. Elle consiste en une charge \u00E0 la lance entre deux chevaliers au galop, face \u00E0 face."@fr . . . . "En la Edad Media se denomin\u00F3 justa al combate singular que se hac\u00EDa entre dos contendientes, a caballo y con lanza, para justificar el derecho de alguno (v\u00E9ase ordal\u00EDa o juicio de Dios). De ah\u00ED viene el nombre de justa que luego se extendi\u00F3 a los juegos o ejercicios de caballer\u00EDa. En ella los caballeros acreditaban su destreza en el manejo de las armas (v\u00E9ase Torneo medieval)."@es . . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30B9\u30C8"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Renaissance-era depiction of a joust in traditional or \"high\" armour, based on then-historical late medieval armour"@en . "Justa (desporto)"@pt . . 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"Die (auch: der) Tjost (auch: das Tjostieren, das Tjosten oder Lanzenstechen) ist ein ritterliches Zweikampfspiel mit der Lanze zu Pferd. Dabei reiten zwei Ritter in voller R\u00FCstung und mit stumpfen oder anderweitig pr\u00E4parierten Lanzen (Rennspie\u00DF genannt) jeweils rechts und links einer Beschrankung (Tilt) aufeinander zu, um durch einen gezielten Lanzensto\u00DF den Gegner vom Pferd zu sto\u00DFen oder zumindest einen Treffer an Schild oder K\u00FCbelhelm bzw. sp\u00E4ter Stechhelm des Gegners zu landen. Tjost wird u. a. bei Ritterspielen veranstaltet."@de . . . . . . . . . . . "Jousting is a martial game or hastilude between two horse riders wielding lances with blunted tips, often as part of a tournament. The primary aim was to replicate a clash of heavy cavalry, with each participant trying to strike the opponent while riding towards him at high speed, breaking the lance on the opponent's shield or jousting armour if possible, or unhorsing him. The joust became an iconic characteristic of the knight in Romantic medievalism. The participants experience close to three and a quarter times their body weight in G-forces when the lances collide with their armour. The term is derived from Old French joster, ultimately from Latin iuxtare \"to approach, to meet\". The word was loaned into Middle English around 1300, when jousting was a very popular sport among the Anglo-Norman knighthood. The synonym tilt (as in tilting at windmills) dates c.\u20091510. Jousting is based on the military use of the lance by heavy cavalry. It transformed into a specialized sport during the Late Middle Ages, and remained popular with the nobility in England and Wales, Germany and other parts of Europe throughout the whole of the 16th century (while in France, it was discontinued after the death of King Henry II in an accident in 1559). In England, jousting was the highlight of the Accession Day tilts of Elizabeth I and of James VI and I, and also was part of the festivities at the marriage of Charles I. From 10 July to 9 August 1434, the Leonese Knight Suero de Qui\u00F1ones and ten of his companions encamped in a field beside a bridge and challenged each knight who wished to cross it to a joust. This road was used by pilgrims all over Europe on the way to a shrine at Santiago de Compostela, and at this time of the summer, many thousands would cross the bridge. Suero and his men swore to \"break 300 lances\" before moving on. The men fought for over a month, and after 166 battles Suero and his men were so injured they could not continue and declared the mission complete. Jousting was discontinued in favour of other equestrian sports in the 17th century, although non-contact forms of \"equestrian skill-at-arms\" disciplines survived. There has been a limited revival of theatrical jousting re-enactment since the 1970s."@en . . . . "Het steekspel is een competitie tussen twee, of meer, ridders te paard. Elke ridder rijdt tegen een van de andere ridders in, tot ze allemaal tegen elkaar hebben gereden. Ze proberen hierbij elkaar van hun paard te steken met een lans."@nl . "Steekspel"@nl . . . . . "Jousting"@en . . . . . . . . . "Justa"@ca . . "\uB9C8\uC0C1\uCC3D\uC2DC\uD569"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Justa \u00E9 um desporto jogado por dois cavaleiros com armaduras montados em cavalos. Consiste numa competi\u00E7\u00E3o marcial entre dois cavaleiros montados, usando uma variedade de armas, geralmente em grupos de tr\u00EAs por arma (como a inclina\u00E7\u00E3o com um lan\u00E7a, golpes com machados, ou golpes com a espada), entre outros, muitas vezes, como parte de um torneio."@pt . . "Una justa o born era un combat entre dos cavallers, muntats a cavall i armats amb sengles llances. Restava sotmesa a unes normes precises. En principi, s'intentava evitar les ferides mortals dels justadors que hi participaven. Ja al segle xv, a les ciutats, es convertiren en un espectacle festiu, esdevingut, per exemple, arran de celebracions religioses. A Barcelona hom organitzava justes al Passeig del Born (Barcelona), indret que ha conservat el seu nom tradicional. A Mallorca passava una cosa semblant al Passeig del Born (Palma)."@ca . . 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"\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629"@ar . . "\u9A6C\u4E0A\u67AA\u672F\u6BD4\u8D5B"@zh . . . . . . . "Una justa o born era un combat entre dos cavallers, muntats a cavall i armats amb sengles llances. Restava sotmesa a unes normes precises. En principi, s'intentava evitar les ferides mortals dels justadors que hi participaven. Ja al segle xv, a les ciutats, es convertiren en un espectacle festiu, esdevingut, per exemple, arran de celebracions religioses. A Barcelona hom organitzava justes al Passeig del Born (Barcelona), indret que ha conservat el seu nom tradicional. A Mallorca passava una cosa semblant al Passeig del Born (Palma). La paraula s'usava sempre en plural: justes. Molts dels documents catalans antics parlen de \u201Cjuntes\u201D.Junyir o j\u00FAnyer \u00E9s l'acci\u00F3 de participar en justes . De fer avan\u00E7ar el cavall atacant se'n pot dir brocar, bornar o abornar."@ca . . . . . . "\u9A6C\u4E0A\u67AA\u672F\u6BD4\u8D5B\uFF0C\u6216\u7A31\u9A6C\u4E0A\u957F\u77DB\u6BD4\u6B66\uFF0C\u662F\u5169\u540D\u9A0E\u58EB\u4E4B\u9593\u7684\u6B66\u8853\u7AF6\u6280\uFF0C\u5728\u5341\u56DB\u81F3\u5341\u516D\u4E16\u7D00\u9593\u7684\u4E2D\u4E16\u7D00\u4EE5\u53CA\u6587\u85DD\u5FA9\u8208\u65E9\u671F\u6700\u70BA\u8208\u76DB\u3002 \u53C3\u8CFD\u7684\u9A0E\u58EB\u4E00\u822C\u90FD\u5099\u6709\u4E09\u7A2E\u6B66\u5668\uFF1A\u9577\u69CD\u3001\u55AE\u624B\u528D\u548C\u4E00\u7A2E\u5315\u9996\u3002\u6BD4\u8CFD\u6642\u628A\u5C0D\u65B9\u6253\u4E0B\u99AC\u7684\u9A0E\u58EB\u70BA\u8A72\u5C40\u7684\u52DD\u5229\u8005\u3002\u82E5\u5169\u540D\u53C3\u8CFD\u8005\u540C\u6642\u4E0B\u99AC\uFF0C\u8A72\u5C40\u8996\u70BA\u548C\u5C40\uFF0C\u6BD4\u8CFD\u5247\u6703\u7531\u6BD4\u528D\u6C7A\u5B9A\u52DD\u8CA0\u3002\u82E5\u5169\u4EBA\u5747\u672A\u88AB\u64CA\u5012\uFF0C\u52DD\u5229\u5247\u6B78\u65BC\u9577\u69CD\u640D\u6BC0\u8F03\u56B4\u91CD\u7684\u4E00\u65B9\uFF0C\u56E0\u70BA\u90A3\u662F\u8F03\u91CD\u7684\u4E00\u64CA\uFF0C\u6216\u8207\u5C0D\u624B\u6709\u8F03\u9577\u63A5\u89F8\u7684\u8DE1\u8C61\u3002\u99AC\u4E0A\u6BD4\u6B66\u901A\u5E38\u63A1\u7528\u4E09\u5C40\u5169\u52DD\u5236\u3002 \u6578\u4E16\u7D00\u4EE5\u5F8C\uFF0C\u7531\u6DF7\u6230\u5F0F\u6B66\u9B25\uFF08\uFF09\u884D\u751F\u800C\u4F86\u7684\u99AC\u4E0A\u6BD4\u6B66\u88AB\u65B0\u589E\u81F3\u6BD4\u6B66\u5927\u6703\uFF08tournament\uFF09\u4E2D\u3002\u8A72\u7A2E\u500B\u4EBA\u7684\u6DF7\u6230\u5F0F\u6B66\u9B25\u96D6\u7136\u66F4\u52A0\u63A5\u8FD1\u771F\u5BE6\u6230\u9B25\uFF0C\u4F46\u99AC\u4E0A\u6BD4\u6B66\u66F4\u80FD\u986F\u793A\u51FA\u500B\u4EBA\u5BE6\u529B\uFF0C\u800C\u4E14\u8F03\u4E0D\u5BB9\u6613\u6F14\u8B8A\u6210\u5927\u898F\u6A21\u5EDD\u6BBA\u2014\u2014\u5118\u7BA1\u99AC\u4E0A\u6BD4\u6B66\u4ECD\u7B97\u5371\u96AA\u7684\u6D3B\u52D5\u3002\u900F\u904E\u99AC\u4E0A\u6BD4\u6B66\uFF0C\u9A0E\u58EB\u53EF\u7372\u5F97\u53EF\u89C0\u7684\u540D\u671B\u548C\u8CA1\u5BCC\u3002\u6BD4\u8CFD\u7684\u52DD\u5229\u8005\u901A\u5E38\u6703\u7372\u5F97\u5C0D\u624B\u7684\u93A7\u7532\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u50F9\u503C\u76F8\u7576\u65BC\u4E00\u5EA7\u623F\u5B50\u7684\u734E\u91D1\u3002\u8A31\u591A\u9A0E\u58EB\u56E0\u6B64\u800C\u767C\u9054\uFF0C\u4EA6\u6709\u4E0D\u5C11\u56E0\u800C\u8CE0\u672C\u3002 \u5F8C\u4F86\uFF0C\u7531\u65BC\u75BE\u75C5\u8207\u6230\u722D\u7684\u56E0\u7D20\u5C0E\u81F4\u4EBA\u53E3\u92B3\u6E1B\uFF0C\u6BD4\u6B66\u5927\u6703\u6539\u63A1\u7528\u7A4D\u5206\u5236\uFF0C\u4E26\u6539\u7528\u55AE\u9805\u7AF6\u8CFD\uFF0C\u6BD4\u8CFD\u524D\u53C3\u8CFD\u8005\u7684\u4F8D\u5F9E\u8981\u5728\u4E3B\u8FA6\u55AE\u4F4D\u7E73\u4EA4\u7235\u58EB\u8B49\u660E\u66F8\uFF0C\u6709\u4E9B\u4E3B\u8FA6\u55AE\u4F4D\u975E\u5E38\u91CD\u8996\u7235\u58EB\u8EAB\u4EFD\uFF0C\u6700\u5C11\u8981\u7E7C\u627F\u4E09\u4EE3\u4EE5\u4E0A\uFF0C\u5408\u683C\u5F8C\u4F8D\u5F9E\u6703\u6307\u51FA\u4E3B\u4EBA\u8981\u53C3\u52A0\u7684\u9805\u76EE\uFF0C\u4E00\u9805\u81F3\u591A\u9805\u4E0D\u7B49\uFF0C\u4F46\u99AC\u4E0A\u9577\u69CD\u6BD4\u6B66\u4F9D\u7136\u662F\u6700\u71B1\u9580\u7684\u6BD4\u8CFD\u3002"@zh . . "Die (auch: der) Tjost (auch: das Tjostieren, das Tjosten oder Lanzenstechen) ist ein ritterliches Zweikampfspiel mit der Lanze zu Pferd. Dabei reiten zwei Ritter in voller R\u00FCstung und mit stumpfen oder anderweitig pr\u00E4parierten Lanzen (Rennspie\u00DF genannt) jeweils rechts und links einer Beschrankung (Tilt) aufeinander zu, um durch einen gezielten Lanzensto\u00DF den Gegner vom Pferd zu sto\u00DFen oder zumindest einen Treffer an Schild oder K\u00FCbelhelm bzw. sp\u00E4ter Stechhelm des Gegners zu landen. Tjost wird u. a. bei Ritterspielen veranstaltet."@de . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30B9\u30C8\uFF08\u53E4\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E: Joste\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30E8\u30FC\u30ED\u30C3\u30D1\u3067\u5E83\u304F\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u9A0E\u58EB\u306E\u4E00\u9A0E\u8A0E\u3061\u7AF6\u6280\u3002\u5F53\u521D\u306F\u30C8\u30FC\u30CA\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\uFF08\u99AC\u4E0A\u69CD\u8A66\u5408\u53C2\u7167\uFF09\u306E\u7A2E\u76EE\u3068\u3057\u3066\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u304C\u3001\u5F8C\u306B\u5358\u72EC\u3067\u3082\u958B\u304B\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u306A\u308A\u3001\u7AF6\u6280\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u5F62\u5F0F\u5316\u304C\u9032\u3093\u3060\u3002\u4E2D\u4E16\u672B\u671F\u306B\u30C8\u30FC\u30CA\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u5EC3\u308C\u305F\u304C\u3001\u30B8\u30E7\u30B9\u30C8\u306E\u7AF6\u6280\u4F1A\u306F\u8FD1\u4E16\u521D\u671F\uFF081600\u5E74\u9803\uFF09\u307E\u3067\u5E83\u304F\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30B8\u30E7\u30B9\u30C8\u3068\u30C8\u30FC\u30CA\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u6DF7\u540C\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u591A\u3044\u304C\u3001\u672C\u6765\u306E\u30C8\u30FC\u30CA\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u56E3\u4F53\u6226\uFF08\u30C8\u30A5\u30EB\u30CD\u30A4\u3001\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8A9E: Turnei\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E: Tournoi\uFF09\u3092\u610F\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Dust (tornerspel)"@sv . "( \uC8FC\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB294 \uC5EC\uAE30\uB85C \uC5F0\uACB0\uB429\uB2C8\uB2E4. 1982\uB144 \uC544\uCF00\uC774\uB4DC \uAC8C\uC784\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC790\uC6B0\uC2A4\uD2B8 \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.)( \uC8FC\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB294 \uC5EC\uAE30\uB85C \uC5F0\uACB0\uB429\uB2C8\uB2E4. \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC8FC\uC2A4\uD2B8 (\uC778\uD130\uB137 TV \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4) \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.)\n\uB9C8\uC0C1\uCC3D\uC2DC\uD569(\u99AC\u4E0A\u69CD\u8A66\u5408, \uC601\uC5B4: Joust \uC790\uC6B0\uC2A4\uD2B8[*], \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5B4: Joste \uC8FC\uC2A4\uD2B8[*], \uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Tjost \uD210\uC2A4\uD2B8[*], \uC2A4\uD398\uC778\uC5B4: Justa \uD6C4\uC2A4\uD0C0[*])\uB294 \uC911\uC138 \uD1A0\uB108\uBA3C\uD2B8\uC758 \uC77C\uBD80\uB85C \uC9C4\uD589\uB41C, \uAE30\uBCD1 \uB450 \uC0AC\uB78C\uC774 \uB79C\uC2A4\uB97C \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uD558\uB294 \uBB34\uC220 \uB0B4\uC9C0 \uB300\uACB0\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . "\u039F \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03B4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC\u03C2, \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1 \u03AE \u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C7\u03C4\u03CD\u03C0\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1, \u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B6\u03CC\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1 (\u03B3\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC: joute \u00E9questre), \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03AD\u03C6\u03B9\u03C0\u03C0\u03BF \u03AC\u03B8\u03BB\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7\u03C2, \u03C4\u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B5\u03BB\u03AC\u03BC\u03B2\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5 \u03B1\u03B3\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03AC\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AE \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03CC\u03BC\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03CC\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u0384 \u03B5\u03BD\u03AC\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03C7\u03CC\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD \u03B9\u03C0\u03C0\u03AD\u03C9\u03BD, \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B7\u03B8\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1 \u03AD\u03C6\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD . \u039A\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u039C\u03B5\u03C3\u03B1\u03AF\u03C9\u03BD\u03B1, \u03C4\u03BF \u03AC\u03B8\u03BB\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC \u03B5\u03BE\u03B5\u03BB\u03AF\u03C7\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03BF \u03AC\u03B8\u03BB\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u0399\u03C0\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u0395\u03C5\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD. \u039F\u03B9 \u03B1\u03B3\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03AC\u03BD\u03C9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B5\u03BA\u03C0\u03B1\u03B9\u03B4\u03B5\u03C5\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1 \u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B4\u03B5\u03C2."@el . "Jousting"@en . . . . . . . . . . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30B9\u30C8\uFF08\u53E4\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E: Joste\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30E8\u30FC\u30ED\u30C3\u30D1\u3067\u5E83\u304F\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u9A0E\u58EB\u306E\u4E00\u9A0E\u8A0E\u3061\u7AF6\u6280\u3002\u5F53\u521D\u306F\u30C8\u30FC\u30CA\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\uFF08\u99AC\u4E0A\u69CD\u8A66\u5408\u53C2\u7167\uFF09\u306E\u7A2E\u76EE\u3068\u3057\u3066\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u304C\u3001\u5F8C\u306B\u5358\u72EC\u3067\u3082\u958B\u304B\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u306A\u308A\u3001\u7AF6\u6280\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u5F62\u5F0F\u5316\u304C\u9032\u3093\u3060\u3002\u4E2D\u4E16\u672B\u671F\u306B\u30C8\u30FC\u30CA\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u5EC3\u308C\u305F\u304C\u3001\u30B8\u30E7\u30B9\u30C8\u306E\u7AF6\u6280\u4F1A\u306F\u8FD1\u4E16\u521D\u671F\uFF081600\u5E74\u9803\uFF09\u307E\u3067\u5E83\u304F\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30B8\u30E7\u30B9\u30C8\u3068\u30C8\u30FC\u30CA\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u6DF7\u540C\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u591A\u3044\u304C\u3001\u672C\u6765\u306E\u30C8\u30FC\u30CA\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u56E3\u4F53\u6226\uFF08\u30C8\u30A5\u30EB\u30CD\u30A4\u3001\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8A9E: Turnei\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E: Tournoi\uFF09\u3092\u610F\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . "\u0420\u044B\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043A \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F\u0445 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F\u0445 (\u0444\u0440. Joute \u00E9questre, \u0434\u0436\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0433 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Jousting, \u0442\u044C\u043E\u0441\u0442 \u043D\u0435\u043C. Tjost) \u2014 \u0434\u0443\u044D\u043B\u044C \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043A \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0440\u044B\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043E\u043C \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0445. \u0412 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u044B\u0446\u0430\u0440\u044F \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0435 \u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0443\u043F\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0433\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F\u043C\u0438. \u0426\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043F\u043E\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043A\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043A\u043D\u0443\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0441 \u043B\u043E\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043C \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F \u0438\u043B\u0438, \u043F\u043E \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043D\u0435\u0439 \u043C\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0449\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0448\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0441\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430."@ru . "Jousting"@en . . . . . . . . "Joute \u00E9questre"@fr . . . . "Justa \u00E9 um desporto jogado por dois cavaleiros com armaduras montados em cavalos. Consiste numa competi\u00E7\u00E3o marcial entre dois cavaleiros montados, usando uma variedade de armas, geralmente em grupos de tr\u00EAs por arma (como a inclina\u00E7\u00E3o com um lan\u00E7a, golpes com machados, ou golpes com a espada), entre outros, muitas vezes, como parte de um torneio. A justa foi um jogo marcial na Idade M\u00E9dia, sendo necess\u00E1rio ter uma habilidade muito grande para praticar este desporto. Embora o primeiro torneio foi feito em 1066, a justa n\u00E3o ganhou popularidade generalizada at\u00E9 o s\u00E9culo XII. \u00C9 mantido o seu estatuto como um desporto popular europeu at\u00E9 ao in\u00EDcio do s\u00E9culo XVII. A justa foi incorporada em torneios v\u00E1rios s\u00E9culos ap\u00F3s a sua estreia. O torneio permitiu uma melhor exibi\u00E7\u00E3o da habilidade individual e, embora perigosa, ofereceram grandes somas de dinheiro do pr\u00E9mio. Muitos cavaleiros fizeram a sua fortuna com esses eventos, enquanto muitos perderam a fortuna ou mesmo a vida. Por exemplo, Henrique II da Fran\u00E7a morreu quando uma lan\u00E7a do seu advers\u00E1rio atravessou a sua viseira e a quebrou em fragmentos, cegando o olho direito e penetrando na sua \u00F3rbita direita e t\u00EAmpora."@pt . . . "( \uC8FC\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB294 \uC5EC\uAE30\uB85C \uC5F0\uACB0\uB429\uB2C8\uB2E4. 1982\uB144 \uC544\uCF00\uC774\uB4DC \uAC8C\uC784\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC790\uC6B0\uC2A4\uD2B8 \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.)( \uC8FC\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB294 \uC5EC\uAE30\uB85C \uC5F0\uACB0\uB429\uB2C8\uB2E4. \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC8FC\uC2A4\uD2B8 (\uC778\uD130\uB137 TV \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4) \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.)\n\uB9C8\uC0C1\uCC3D\uC2DC\uD569(\u99AC\u4E0A\u69CD\u8A66\u5408, \uC601\uC5B4: Joust \uC790\uC6B0\uC2A4\uD2B8[*], \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5B4: Joste \uC8FC\uC2A4\uD2B8[*], \uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Tjost \uD210\uC2A4\uD2B8[*], \uC2A4\uD398\uC778\uC5B4: Justa \uD6C4\uC2A4\uD0C0[*])\uB294 \uC911\uC138 \uD1A0\uB108\uBA3C\uD2B8\uC758 \uC77C\uBD80\uB85C \uC9C4\uD589\uB41C, \uAE30\uBCD1 \uB450 \uC0AC\uB78C\uC774 \uB79C\uC2A4\uB97C \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uD558\uB294 \uBB34\uC220 \uB0B4\uC9C0 \uB300\uACB0\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . "Jousting is a martial game or hastilude between two horse riders wielding lances with blunted tips, often as part of a tournament. The primary aim was to replicate a clash of heavy cavalry, with each participant trying to strike the opponent while riding towards him at high speed, breaking the lance on the opponent's shield or jousting armour if possible, or unhorsing him. The joust became an iconic characteristic of the knight in Romantic medievalism. The participants experience close to three and a quarter times their body weight in G-forces when the lances collide with their armour."@en . . . . . . . . . "Tjost"@de . "Europe"@en . . . . . . . . . "221562"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Het steekspel is een competitie tussen twee, of meer, ridders te paard. Elke ridder rijdt tegen een van de andere ridders in, tot ze allemaal tegen elkaar hebben gereden. Ze proberen hierbij elkaar van hun paard te steken met een lans."@nl . . . "La joute \u00E9questre est l'une des plus c\u00E9l\u00E8bres \u00E9preuves des tournois de chevalerie. Elle consiste en une charge \u00E0 la lance entre deux chevaliers au galop, face \u00E0 face."@fr . . . . . . . . . . "\u039A\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1"@el . "\u0420\u044B\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043A \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F\u0445 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F\u0445 (\u0444\u0440. Joute \u00E9questre, \u0434\u0436\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0433 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Jousting, \u0442\u044C\u043E\u0441\u0442 \u043D\u0435\u043C. Tjost) \u2014 \u0434\u0443\u044D\u043B\u044C \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043A \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0440\u044B\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043E\u043C \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0445. \u0412 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u044B\u0446\u0430\u0440\u044F \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0435 \u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0443\u043F\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0433\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F\u043C\u0438. \u0426\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043F\u043E\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043A\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043A\u043D\u0443\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0441 \u043B\u043E\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043C \u043A\u043E\u043F\u044C\u044F \u0438\u043B\u0438, \u043F\u043E \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043D\u0435\u0439 \u043C\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0449\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0448\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0441\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430."@ru . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062B\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Jousting)\u200F \u0647\u064A \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064A\u0646 \u0645\u062A\u0633\u0644\u062D\u064A\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062D \u0643\u0644\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u060C \u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u063A\u0627\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u062A\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646\u060C \u0625\u0630 \u064A\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0639\u0646 \u062E\u0635\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u062B\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u062D\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060C \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u062D \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062F\u0631\u0639 \u062E\u0635\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u0647. \u064A\u062A\u0633\u0644\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062D \u0648\u0633\u064A\u0641 \u0648\u062E\u0646\u062C\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u062E\u0635\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u064A\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u062D \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062A\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0644 \u0648\u064A\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u062D. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060C \u0645\u0646 \u064A\u0631\u0628\u062D \u062B\u0644\u0627\u062B \u062C\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062A \u064A\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . "14"^^ . . "Justa"@es . . . . . . . "En la Edad Media se denomin\u00F3 justa al combate singular que se hac\u00EDa entre dos contendientes, a caballo y con lanza, para justificar el derecho de alguno (v\u00E9ase ordal\u00EDa o juicio de Dios). De ah\u00ED viene el nombre de justa que luego se extendi\u00F3 a los juegos o ejercicios de caballer\u00EDa. En ella los caballeros acreditaban su destreza en el manejo de las armas (v\u00E9ase Torneo medieval). Aunque se confundan como sin\u00F3nimos las palabras justa y torneo, las armas empleadas en estas contiendas eran diferentes. En las justas se empleaban armas verdaderas ofensivas y defensivas, resultando a veces los combatientes gravemente heridos e incluso muertos. En los torneos casi siempre se utilizaban armas simuladas."@es .