. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "List of fossil bird genera"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Birds evolved from certain feathered theropod dinosaurs, and there is no real dividing line between birds and non-avian dinosaurs except that some of the former survived the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event while the latter did not. For the purposes of this article, a 'bird' is considered to be any member of the clade Aves in the broadest sense. Some dinosaur groups which may or may not be true birds are listed below under Proto-birds. This page contains a listing of prehistoric bird taxa only known from completely fossilized specimens. These extinctions took place before the Late Quaternary and thus took place in the absence of significant human interference. While the earliest hominids had been eating birds and especially their eggs, human population and technology was simply insufficient to seriously affect healthy bird populations until the Upper Paleolithic Revolution. Rather, reasons for the extinctions listed here are stochastic abiotic events such as bolide impacts, climate changes due to orbital shifts, mass volcanic eruptions etc. Alternatively, species may have gone extinct due to evolutionary displacement by successor or competitor taxa \u2013 it is notable that an extremely large number of seabirds have gone extinct during the mid-Tertiary; this seems at least partly due to competition by the contemporary radiation of marine mammals. The relationships of these taxa are often hard to determine, as many are known only from very fragmentary remains and due to the complete fossilization precluding analysis of information from DNA, RNA or protein sequencing. The taxa listed in this article should be classified with the Wikipedia conservation status category \"Fossil\". Before the late 19th century, when minerals were still considered one of the kingdoms of binomial nomenclature, fossils were often treated according to a parallel taxonomy. Rather than assigning them to animal or plant genera, they were treated as mineral genera and given binomial names typically using Osteornis (\"bone-bird\") or Ornitholithus (\"bird fossil\") as \"genus\". The latter name, however, is still in use for an oogenus of fossil bird eggs. Also, other animals (in particular pterosaurs) were placed in these \"genera\". In sources pre-dating the Linnean system, the above terms are also seen in the more extensive descriptions used to name taxa back then."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\n* \"\" (Tri\u00E1ssico Superior) - um nomen dubium \n* \"\" (Jur\u00E1ssico Superior) - um nomen dubium \n* Oviraptorosauria \n* e.g. Caudipteryx (Cret\u00E1ceo Inferior) \n* Oviraptor \n* Citipati \n* Scansoriopterygidae \n* e.g. Epidendrosaurus (Cret\u00E1ceo Inferior) \n* Epidexipteryx \n* Scansoriopteryx \n* Troodontidae \n* e.g. (Cret\u00E1ceo Inferior) \n* Therizinosauria \n* e.g. Beipiaosaurus (Cret\u00E1ceo M\u00E9dio) \n* Alvarezsauridae/Parvicursoridae \n* e.g. Shuvuuia (Cret\u00E1ceo Superior) \n* Dromaeosauridae \n* e.g. Rahonavis (Cret\u00E1ceo Superior) \n* \n* Velociraptor \n* Avimimus"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0412\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C, \u0449\u043E \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0456\u0432-\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0434, \u0456 \u043D\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0454 \u043D\u0456\u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0456 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043D\u044F\u0442\u043A\u043E\u043C, \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u043E, \u0449\u043E \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0437 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u043E-\u043F\u0430\u043B\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u044F\u043A \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438 \u2014 \u043D\u0456. \u0423 \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456, \u00AB\u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043C\u00BB \u0432\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044C-\u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D \u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 Aves. \u0414\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044C \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u043D\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043D\u0456\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043B\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0456 \u0443 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043B\u0456 \u00AB\u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0431\u043D\u0456 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438\u00BB. \u0426\u044F \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u043D\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043F\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043A \u0434\u043E\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0456 \u043B\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0441\u043A\u0430\u043C'\u044F\u043D\u0456\u043B\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u0412\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0435\u0440\u043B\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0438. \u0423 \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u044F\u043A \u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0433\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0434\u0438 \u0457\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E \u0457\u0445\u043D\u0456 \u044F\u0439\u0446\u044F, \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u043D\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043D\u044C\u043E, \u0449\u043E\u0431 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0439\u043E\u0437\u043D\u043E \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432. \u0428\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u0456\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0457, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0456 \u044F\u043A \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043C\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u0437\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0438 \u043A\u043B\u0456\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0443, \u043F\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437 \u043E\u0440\u0431\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u043C\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u0432\u0443\u043B\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0449\u043E \u041A\u0440\u0456\u043C \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438, \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E, \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0435\u0440\u043B\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0435\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044E\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0443 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0456\u044E \u0437 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u0417\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0438 \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043A\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u043E\u0441\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043E \u0437 \u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0456 \u0442\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438 \u0437 \u0434\u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0443 \u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 \u0437 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0441\u043A\u0430\u043C'\u044F\u043D\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C, \u043D\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0443 \u0414\u041D\u041A, \u0420\u041D\u041A \u0430\u0431\u043E \u0431\u0456\u043B\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u9CE5\u985E\u306F\u3001\u3042\u308B\u7FBD\u6BDB\u3067\u8986\u308F\u308C\u305F\u7363\u811A\u985E\u306E\u6050\u7ADC\u304B\u3089\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3001\u9CE5\u985E\u3068\u6050\u7ADC\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308B\u7DDA\u306F\u5B9F\u969B\u306B\u306F\u306A\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304B\u3057\u3001K-T\u5883\u754C\u3092\u5883\u306B\u3001\u9CE5\u985E\u306F\u751F\u304D\u5EF6\u3073\u305F\u304C\u3001\u975E\u9CE5\u5F62\u614B\u6050\u7ADC\u306F\u7D76\u6EC5\u306B\u81F3\u3063\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u8A18\u4E8B\u3067\u306F\u3001\u300C\u9CE5\u985E\uFF08Bird\uFF09\u300D\u306F\u3044\u308F\u3086\u308B\u9CE5\u985E\u7DB1\uFF08Aves\uFF09\u306E\u30AF\u30EC\u30FC\u30C9\u306E\u30E1\u30F3\u30D0\u30FC\u3068\u3057\u305F\u3002\u6050\u7ADC\u306E\u4E2D\u306B\u306F\u3001\u9CE5\u985E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u304B\u3069\u3046\u304B\u8A00\u3048\u306A\u3044\u7A2E\u3082\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u305D\u308C\u3089\u306F\u3001\u300CProto-bird\u300D\u306B\u5165\u308C\u305F\u3002 \u5F53\u8A18\u4E8B\u3067\u306F\u3001\u5316\u77F3\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u5B8C\u5168\u6A19\u672C\u306E\u307F\u3057\u304B\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u306A\u3044\u5148\u53F2\u6642\u4EE3\u306E\u9CE5\u306E\u30BF\u30AF\u30B5\u306E\u4E00\u89A7\u3092\u8A18\u8F09\u3057\u305F\u3002\u305D\u308C\u3089\u306E\u7D76\u6EC5\u306F\u7B2C\u56DB\u7D00\u5F8C\u534A\u4EE5\u524D\u3088\u308A\u767A\u751F\u3057\u3001\u4EBA\u985E\u306E\u6D3B\u52D5\u306B\u3088\u308B\u3082\u306E\u306F\u306A\u304B\u3063\u305F\u3002\u4EBA\u985E\u306F\u3001\u9CE5\u985E\u3068\u308A\u308F\u3051\u305D\u306E\u30BF\u30DE\u30B4\u3092\u98DF\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305F\u304C\u3001\u5F8C\u671F\u65E7\u77F3\u5668\u6642\u4EE3\u307E\u3067\u9CE5\u306E\u500B\u4F53\u6570\u306B\u6DF1\u523B\u306A\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u4E0E\u3048\u308B\u307B\u3069\u306E\u4EBA\u53E3\u3084\u6280\u8853\u306F\u306A\u304B\u3063\u305F\u3002\u3080\u3057\u308D\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u4E00\u89A7\u306B\u3042\u3052\u305F\u9CE5\u985E\u306E\u7A2E\u306F\u3001\u5F57\u661F\u306E\u5927\u7206\u767A\u3001\u8ECC\u9053\u30B7\u30D5\u30C8\u3001\u5927\u898F\u6A21\u306A\u5674\u706B\u306A\u3069\u306B\u3088\u308B\u6C17\u5019\u5909\u52D5\u306E\u3088\u3046\u306A\u751F\u7269\u4EE5\u5916\u306E\u539F\u56E0\u306B\u3088\u308A\u7D76\u6EC5\u3057\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3064\u307E\u308A\u3001\u305D\u308C\u306F\u3001\u5148\u7956\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u3088\u308A\u512A\u308C\u305F\u30BF\u30AF\u30B5\u306B\u3088\u308A\u9032\u5316\u306B\u3088\u308B\u7F6E\u304D\u63DB\u3048\u306B\u3088\u308A\u7D76\u6EC5\u306B\u81F3\u3063\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u975E\u5E38\u306B\u591A\u304F\u306E\u7A2E\u306E\u6D77\u9CE5\u304C\u7B2C\u56DB\u7D00\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u7D76\u6EC5\u3057\u305F\u306E\u306F\u6709\u540D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306F\u304A\u305D\u3089\u304F\u3001\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u3082\u5F53\u6642\u4EE3\u306B\u6D77\u306B\u751F\u304D\u308B\u54FA\u4E73\u985E\u304C\u51FA\u73FE\u306B\u3088\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308D\u3046\u3002\u305D\u308C\u3089\u306E\u30BF\u30AF\u30B5\u306E\u95A2\u9023\u306F\u3001\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u3001\u65AD\u5B9A\u3059\u308B\u306E\u306F\u56F0\u96E3\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306E\u3082\u3001\u591A\u304F\u306F\u3001\u5927\u5909\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u306A\u907A\u69CB\u304B\u3089\u3057\u304B\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u304A\u3089\u305A\u3001DNA\u3001RNA\u3001\u305F\u3093\u3071\u304F\u8CEA\u914D\u5217\u304B\u3089\u306E\u60C5\u5831\u5206\u6790\u3092\u9664\u304D\u3001\u5B8C\u5168\u306A\u5316\u77F3\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3057\u304B\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u306A\u3044\u3002 19\u4E16\u7D00\u5F8C\u534A\u4EE5\u524D\u3001\u9271\u7269\u306F\u307E\u3060\u3001\u751F\u7269\u5B66\u306E\u754C\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308C\u3001\u5316\u77F3\u306F\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u3001\u4E26\u884C\u5206\u985E\u5B66\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u308F\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u3002\u5316\u77F3\u3092\u52D5\u7269\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u690D\u7269\u306B\u5272\u308A\u3042\u3066\u308B\u3088\u308A\u3080\u3057\u308D\u3001\u305D\u308C\u3089\u306F\u3001\u9271\u7269\u7A2E\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u308F\u308C\u3001Osteornis\uFF08\u9AA8\u306E\u9CE5\u985E\uFF09\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306FOrnitholithus\uFF08\u9CE5\u985E\u306E\u5316\u77F3\uFF09\u3092\u5B66\u540D\u306B\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002\u5F8C\u8005\u306E\u5B66\u540D\u306F\u3001\u5375\u5316\u77F3\u306B\u5272\u308A\u5F53\u3066\u308B\u5C5E\u540D\uFF08oogenus\uFF09\u306B\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1114047699"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "4383850"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0421\u043F\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043A \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043F\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432"@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u5316\u77F3\u9CE5\u985E\u306E\u4E00\u89A7"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Di seguito \u00E8 riportata una lista di uccelli estintisi fra il Cretaceo e l'Olocene (alla fine del Terziario): per gli uccelli estintisi nell'era successiva, vedere Uccelli estinti del tardo Quaternario, mentre per vedere gli uccelli estintisi nellera moderna, consultare la voce Uccelli estinti."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "232653"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u9CE5\u985E\u306F\u3001\u3042\u308B\u7FBD\u6BDB\u3067\u8986\u308F\u308C\u305F\u7363\u811A\u985E\u306E\u6050\u7ADC\u304B\u3089\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3001\u9CE5\u985E\u3068\u6050\u7ADC\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308B\u7DDA\u306F\u5B9F\u969B\u306B\u306F\u306A\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304B\u3057\u3001K-T\u5883\u754C\u3092\u5883\u306B\u3001\u9CE5\u985E\u306F\u751F\u304D\u5EF6\u3073\u305F\u304C\u3001\u975E\u9CE5\u5F62\u614B\u6050\u7ADC\u306F\u7D76\u6EC5\u306B\u81F3\u3063\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u8A18\u4E8B\u3067\u306F\u3001\u300C\u9CE5\u985E\uFF08Bird\uFF09\u300D\u306F\u3044\u308F\u3086\u308B\u9CE5\u985E\u7DB1\uFF08Aves\uFF09\u306E\u30AF\u30EC\u30FC\u30C9\u306E\u30E1\u30F3\u30D0\u30FC\u3068\u3057\u305F\u3002\u6050\u7ADC\u306E\u4E2D\u306B\u306F\u3001\u9CE5\u985E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u304B\u3069\u3046\u304B\u8A00\u3048\u306A\u3044\u7A2E\u3082\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u305D\u308C\u3089\u306F\u3001\u300CProto-bird\u300D\u306B\u5165\u308C\u305F\u3002 \u5F53\u8A18\u4E8B\u3067\u306F\u3001\u5316\u77F3\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u5B8C\u5168\u6A19\u672C\u306E\u307F\u3057\u304B\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u306A\u3044\u5148\u53F2\u6642\u4EE3\u306E\u9CE5\u306E\u30BF\u30AF\u30B5\u306E\u4E00\u89A7\u3092\u8A18\u8F09\u3057\u305F\u3002\u305D\u308C\u3089\u306E\u7D76\u6EC5\u306F\u7B2C\u56DB\u7D00\u5F8C\u534A\u4EE5\u524D\u3088\u308A\u767A\u751F\u3057\u3001\u4EBA\u985E\u306E\u6D3B\u52D5\u306B\u3088\u308B\u3082\u306E\u306F\u306A\u304B\u3063\u305F\u3002\u4EBA\u985E\u306F\u3001\u9CE5\u985E\u3068\u308A\u308F\u3051\u305D\u306E\u30BF\u30DE\u30B4\u3092\u98DF\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305F\u304C\u3001\u5F8C\u671F\u65E7\u77F3\u5668\u6642\u4EE3\u307E\u3067\u9CE5\u306E\u500B\u4F53\u6570\u306B\u6DF1\u523B\u306A\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u4E0E\u3048\u308B\u307B\u3069\u306E\u4EBA\u53E3\u3084\u6280\u8853\u306F\u306A\u304B\u3063\u305F\u3002\u3080\u3057\u308D\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u4E00\u89A7\u306B\u3042\u3052\u305F\u9CE5\u985E\u306E\u7A2E\u306F\u3001\u5F57\u661F\u306E\u5927\u7206\u767A\u3001\u8ECC\u9053\u30B7\u30D5\u30C8\u3001\u5927\u898F\u6A21\u306A\u5674\u706B\u306A\u3069\u306B\u3088\u308B\u6C17\u5019\u5909\u52D5\u306E\u3088\u3046\u306A\u751F\u7269\u4EE5\u5916\u306E\u539F\u56E0\u306B\u3088\u308A\u7D76\u6EC5\u3057\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3064\u307E\u308A\u3001\u305D\u308C\u306F\u3001\u5148\u7956\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u3088\u308A\u512A\u308C\u305F\u30BF\u30AF\u30B5\u306B\u3088\u308A\u9032\u5316\u306B\u3088\u308B\u7F6E\u304D\u63DB\u3048\u306B\u3088\u308A\u7D76\u6EC5\u306B\u81F3\u3063\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u975E\u5E38\u306B\u591A\u304F\u306E\u7A2E\u306E\u6D77\u9CE5\u304C\u7B2C\u56DB\u7D00\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u7D76\u6EC5\u3057\u305F\u306E\u306F\u6709\u540D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306F\u304A\u305D\u3089\u304F\u3001\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u3082\u5F53\u6642\u4EE3\u306B\u6D77\u306B\u751F\u304D\u308B\u54FA\u4E73\u985E\u304C\u51FA\u73FE\u306B\u3088\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308D\u3046\u3002\u305D\u308C\u3089\u306E\u30BF\u30AF\u30B5\u306E\u95A2\u9023\u306F\u3001\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u3001\u65AD\u5B9A\u3059\u308B\u306E\u306F\u56F0\u96E3\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306E\u3082\u3001\u591A\u304F\u306F\u3001\u5927\u5909\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u306A\u907A\u69CB\u304B\u3089\u3057\u304B\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u304A\u3089\u305A\u3001DNA\u3001RNA\u3001\u305F\u3093\u3071\u304F\u8CEA\u914D\u5217\u304B\u3089\u306E\u60C5\u5831\u5206\u6790\u3092\u9664\u304D\u3001\u5B8C\u5168\u306A\u5316\u77F3\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3057\u304B\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u306A\u3044\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . "\n* \"\" (Tri\u00E1ssico Superior) - um nomen dubium \n* \"\" (Jur\u00E1ssico Superior) - um nomen dubium \n* Oviraptorosauria \n* e.g. Caudipteryx (Cret\u00E1ceo Inferior) \n* Oviraptor \n* Citipati \n* Scansoriopterygidae \n* e.g. Epidendrosaurus (Cret\u00E1ceo Inferior) \n* Epidexipteryx \n* Scansoriopteryx \n* Troodontidae \n* e.g. (Cret\u00E1ceo Inferior) \n* Therizinosauria \n* e.g. Beipiaosaurus (Cret\u00E1ceo M\u00E9dio) \n* Alvarezsauridae/Parvicursoridae \n* e.g. Shuvuuia (Cret\u00E1ceo Superior) \n* Dromaeosauridae \n* e.g. Rahonavis (Cret\u00E1ceo Superior) \n* \n* Velociraptor \n* Avimimus"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Uccelli fossili"@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Die pr\u00E4historisch im sp\u00E4ten Quart\u00E4r ausgestorbenen und meist nur unvollst\u00E4ndig fossilisierten Vogeltaxa sind unter Sp\u00E4tquart\u00E4re Avifauna aufgef\u00FChrt. Die seit 1500 ausgestorbenen Vogeltaxa finden sich unter Liste der neuzeitlich ausgestorbenen V\u00F6gel. Es wird allgemein angenommen, dass V\u00F6gel von gefiederten Dinosauriern (Theropoden) abstammen und zwischen V\u00F6geln und Dinosauriern auch keine eindeutige Trennung vollzogen werden kann. Einige Vogelarten aber haben im Gegensatz zu den Dinosauriern offensichtlich das gro\u00DFe Artensterben an der Kreide-Terti\u00E4r-Grenze \u00FCberlebt. Der Begriff \u201EVogel\u201C wird in diesem Beitrag recht weit gefasst \u2013 er umschlie\u00DFt s\u00E4mtliche Mitglieder der Klasse Aves. Einige Dinosauriergruppen, die m\u00F6glicherweise bereits echte V\u00F6gel waren (oder auch nicht) sind unter \u201EProto-V\u00F6gel\u201C zu finden. Diese Seite enth\u00E4lt eine Auflistung pr\u00E4historischer Vogeltaxa, die ausschlie\u00DFlich auf vollst\u00E4ndig fossilisierten Funden beruht. Die angef\u00FChrten Taxa starben alle bereits vor dem sp\u00E4ten Quart\u00E4r aus und es ist daher auszuschlie\u00DFen, dass der Mensch bei diesen Ereignissen entscheidend mit beteiligt war. Ursachen f\u00FCr das Aussterben d\u00FCrften eher in stochastisch verteilten abiotischen Ereignissen wie z. B. Meteoriteneinschl\u00E4gen, riesenhaften Vulkanausbr\u00FCchen und durch Erdbahnverlagerungen ausgel\u00F6ste Klimaver\u00E4nderungen zu suchen sein. Eine andere Erkl\u00E4rung f\u00FCr das Artensterben ist eventuell biologischer Natur und gr\u00FCndet auf evolution\u00E4ren Verschiebungen, die von nachr\u00FCckenden oder wetteifernden Taxa initiiert wurden \u2013 auffallend ist in diesem Zusammenhang das enorm hohe Artensterben bei den Seev\u00F6geln w\u00E4hrend des mittleren Terti\u00E4rs, das sich zumindest teilweise mit der gleichzeitigen stattfindenden Ausbreitung der konkurrierenden Meeress\u00E4uger erkl\u00E4ren l\u00E4sst. Eine genaue taxonomische Stellung ist meist sehr schwer feststellbar, da viele Taxa oft nur bruchst\u00FCckhaft erhalten sind und au\u00DFerdem eine vollst\u00E4ndige Fossilisierung, die eine aufkl\u00E4rende DNA-, RNA- oder Proteinsequenzanalyse vereitelt, erfahren haben. Die in diesem Beitrag vorkommenden Taxa sollten als \u201Efossil\u201C und damit als ausgestorben betrachtet werden."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Liste ausgestorbener V\u00F6gel"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Lista de aves f\u00F3sseis"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0412\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C, \u0449\u043E \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0456\u0432-\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0434, \u0456 \u043D\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0454 \u043D\u0456\u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0456 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043D\u044F\u0442\u043A\u043E\u043C, \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u043E, \u0449\u043E \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0437 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u043E-\u043F\u0430\u043B\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u044F\u043A \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438 \u2014 \u043D\u0456. \u0423 \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456, \u00AB\u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043C\u00BB \u0432\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044C-\u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D \u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 Aves. \u0414\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044C \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u043D\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043D\u0456\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043B\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0456 \u0443 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043B\u0456 \u00AB\u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0431\u043D\u0456 \u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438\u00BB."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . "Birds evolved from certain feathered theropod dinosaurs, and there is no real dividing line between birds and non-avian dinosaurs except that some of the former survived the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event while the latter did not. For the purposes of this article, a 'bird' is considered to be any member of the clade Aves in the broadest sense. Some dinosaur groups which may or may not be true birds are listed below under Proto-birds."@en . . . . . . . "Di seguito \u00E8 riportata una lista di uccelli estintisi fra il Cretaceo e l'Olocene (alla fine del Terziario): per gli uccelli estintisi nell'era successiva, vedere Uccelli estinti del tardo Quaternario, mentre per vedere gli uccelli estintisi nellera moderna, consultare la voce Uccelli estinti. Si tratta di specie in cui l'interferenza umana ha avuto un peso insignificante nell'ambito dell'estinzione: piuttosto gli uccelli elencati in seguito si estinsero a causa della competizione con altre specie di pi\u00F9 recente evoluzione o dei cambiamenti climatici ai quali non riuscirono a far fronte con rapidit\u00E0 sufficiente. Le voci della lista vengono elencate in ordine decrescente d'importanza ed in base alle relazioni fra i vari \u2018'taxa'\u2019: vengono riportati anche antichi uccelli tradizionalmente associati ai dinosauri, e a questo proposito si ricorda che in base alle recenti analisi del DNA e con l'introduzione della cladistica nella tassonomia, gli uccelli sarebbero teoricamente un clade dei dinosauri."@it . . . . . . . . . . . "Die pr\u00E4historisch im sp\u00E4ten Quart\u00E4r ausgestorbenen und meist nur unvollst\u00E4ndig fossilisierten Vogeltaxa sind unter Sp\u00E4tquart\u00E4re Avifauna aufgef\u00FChrt. Die seit 1500 ausgestorbenen Vogeltaxa finden sich unter Liste der neuzeitlich ausgestorbenen V\u00F6gel."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .