. . . ""@en . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich von Mises (bahasa Jerman: [\u02C8lu\u02D0tv\u026A\u00E7 f\u0254n \u02C8mi\u02D0z\u0259s]; 29 September 1881 \u2013 10 Oktober 1973) adalah ekonom dan teoriwan Mazhab Austria. Ia dikenal sebagai penggagas , kajian tentang pilihan dan tindakan manusia. Mises pindah dari Austria ke Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1940. Tulisan-tulisan Mises sangat memengaruhi aliran libertarian di Amerika Serikat sejak pertengahan abad ke-20."@in . . . . . "\u0644\u0648\u062F\u0641\u064A\u062C \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064A\u0632\u0633\u060C (Ludwig von Mises) \u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064A \u0648\u0641\u064A\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u062A\u0623\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064A\u0628\u0631\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B\u0629. \u062F\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064A\u062F \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u064A\u0646\u062C\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064A\u064A\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062D\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1906. \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064A \u062A\u0647\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u063A\u0627\u062F\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u060C \u0645\u062A\u062C\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u064A\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u064A\u062F\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064A \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062B \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062A \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062A \u063A\u0627\u062F\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062F\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629 \u0648\u062A\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0627 \u0646\u064A\u0648 \u064A\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062D\u064A\u062B \u062F\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064A \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u062A\u0627\u0630 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064A 1945 \u06481969."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Le\u00F3polis, 29 de Setembro de 1881 \u2013 Nova Iorque, 10 de Outubro de 1973) foi um economista te\u00F3rico de nacionalidade austr\u00EDaca e, posteriormente, americana, de origem judaica, que foi membro da Escola Austr\u00EDaca de pensamento econ\u00F4mico. \u00C9 conhecido principalmente por seu trabalho no campo da praxeologia, o estudo dedutivo das a\u00E7\u00F5es e escolhas humanas. Defensor da liberdade econ\u00F4mica como suporte b\u00E1sico da liberdade individual, em seu livro A\u00E7\u00E3o Humana exp\u00F5e as posi\u00E7\u00F5es epistemol\u00F3gicas e metodol\u00F3gicas que caracterizam a Escola Austr\u00EDaca: concep\u00E7\u00E3o subjetiva de valor, individualismo metodol\u00F3gico e praxeologia. Al\u00E9m disso, Mises dedicou-se \u00E0 cr\u00EDtica do Socialismo enquanto sistema econ\u00F4mico, por considera-lo invi\u00E1vel em raz\u00E3o de n\u00E3o apresentar mecanismos de fixa\u00E7\u00E3o de pre\u00E7o pelo mercado (problema do c\u00E1lculo econ\u00F4mico). Embora seu trabalho tenha sido amplamente ignorado at\u00E9 meados do s\u00E9culo XX, sua obra tem experimentado um certo aumento de popularidade, embora mesmo pensadores ligados ao liberalismo cl\u00E1ssico o acusem de ser \"um filho do Iluminismo nascido por engano no s\u00E9culo XX\". \u00C9 autor de diversos livros sobre economia, dentre os quais o j\u00E1 citado A\u00E7\u00E3o Humana (1949), A Mentalidade Anticapitalista (1956) e As Seis li\u00E7\u00F5es (1979)."@pt . . . . . "Oskar Morgenstern"@en . "Margit von Mises"@en . . "Ludwig von Mises"@pt . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Lemberg; 29 de septiembre de 1881-Nueva York, 10 de octubre de 1973) fue un economista austriaco de origen jud\u00EDo, historiador, fil\u00F3sofo y escritor liberal cl\u00E1sico que tuvo una influencia significativa en la escuela austriaca de econom\u00EDa y el moderno movimiento libertario. Plante\u00F3 lo perjudicial del poder e intervenci\u00F3n gubernamentales en la econom\u00EDa que, seg\u00FAn su teor\u00EDa, por lo general llevan a un resultado distinto al natural y por esto muchas veces perjudicial para la sociedad, ya que generan caos en el largo plazo."@es . . "Friedrich Hayek"@en . . . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises (29. z\u00E1\u0159\u00ED 1881 Lvov, Rakousko-Uhersko \u2013 10. \u0159\u00EDjna 1973 New York) byl ekonom tzv. rakousk\u00E9 \u0161koly p\u016Fsob\u00EDc\u00ED v Rakousku a USA ve 20. stolet\u00ED. Proslavil se zejm\u00E9na jako kritik st\u00E1tn\u00EDch z\u00E1sah\u016F do ekonomiky a jako obh\u00E1jce liberalismu. Dal\u0161\u00EDm jeho p\u0159\u00EDnosem je jeho pojet\u00ED praxeologie. Mises tvrdil, \u017Ee na t\u00E9to metod\u011B ekonomie dok\u00E1zal vybudovat ucelen\u00FD a koherentn\u00ED syst\u00E9m ekonomick\u00E9 v\u011Bdy. Nebyl jen ekonomem, ale tak\u00E9 filozofem[zdroj?], historikem[zdroj?] a pr\u00E1vn\u00EDkem."@cs . . . . . ""@en . . . "Institut Universitaire des Hautes \u00C9tudes Internationales"@en . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises"@en . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . ""@en . "\u0644\u0648\u062F\u0641\u064A\u062C \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064A\u0632\u0633\u060C (Ludwig von Mises) \u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064A \u0648\u0641\u064A\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u062A\u0623\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064A\u0628\u0631\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B\u0629. \u062F\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064A\u062F \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u064A\u0646\u062C\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064A\u064A\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062D\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1906. \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064A \u062A\u0647\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u063A\u0627\u062F\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u060C \u0645\u062A\u062C\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u064A\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u064A\u062F\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064A \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062B \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062A \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062A \u063A\u0627\u062F\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062F\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629 \u0648\u062A\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0627 \u0646\u064A\u0648 \u064A\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062D\u064A\u062B \u062F\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064A \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u062A\u0627\u0630 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064A 1945 \u06481969. \u064A\u0639\u062F \u0645\u064A\u0632\u0633 \u0623\u062D\u062F \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u060C \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064A\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645. \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062D \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0636\u062E\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631 . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062A\u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062F\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064A\u0646 -\u062D\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647- \u062A\u0647\u0627\u0641\u062A \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u0648\u0643\u064A\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0633\u062A\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062A\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064A\u062F\u0631\u064A\u0643 \u0647\u0627\u064A\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062C\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u064A \u0631\u0648\u062B\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062E \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062A\u0639\u062F \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062A \u062A\u0623\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062D \u0644\u062F\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064A\u0628\u0631\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0631\u0634\u062D \u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A \u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644."@ar . . . "Ludwig von Mises (29. z\u00E1\u0159\u00ED 1881 Lvov, Rakousko-Uhersko \u2013 10. \u0159\u00EDjna 1973 New York) byl ekonom tzv. rakousk\u00E9 \u0161koly p\u016Fsob\u00EDc\u00ED v Rakousku a USA ve 20. stolet\u00ED. Proslavil se zejm\u00E9na jako kritik st\u00E1tn\u00EDch z\u00E1sah\u016F do ekonomiky a jako obh\u00E1jce liberalismu. Dal\u0161\u00EDm jeho p\u0159\u00EDnosem je jeho pojet\u00ED praxeologie. Mises tvrdil, \u017Ee na t\u00E9to metod\u011B ekonomie dok\u00E1zal vybudovat ucelen\u00FD a koherentn\u00ED syst\u00E9m ekonomick\u00E9 v\u011Bdy. Nebyl jen ekonomem, ale tak\u00E9 filozofem[zdroj?], historikem[zdroj?] a pr\u00E1vn\u00EDkem."@cs . . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich von Mises (bahasa Jerman: [\u02C8lu\u02D0tv\u026A\u00E7 f\u0254n \u02C8mi\u02D0z\u0259s]; 29 September 1881 \u2013 10 Oktober 1973) adalah ekonom dan teoriwan Mazhab Austria. Ia dikenal sebagai penggagas , kajian tentang pilihan dan tindakan manusia. Mises pindah dari Austria ke Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1940. Tulisan-tulisan Mises sangat memengaruhi aliran libertarian di Amerika Serikat sejak pertengahan abad ke-20."@in . . . . . "\u041B\u044E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433 \u0444\u043E\u043D \u041C\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0441 (\u043D\u0435\u043C. Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, 29 \u0441\u0435\u043D\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1881, \u041B\u0435\u043C\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433 (\u041B\u044C\u0432\u043E\u0432), \u041A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u0413\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u041B\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E-\u0412\u0435\u043D\u0433\u0440\u0438\u044F \u2014 10 \u043E\u043A\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1973, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A, \u0421\u0428\u0410) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043A \u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0441\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043A\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043B\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430, \u0432\u043D\u0451\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044B \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u041D\u0430\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0443 \u0441 \u0424. \u0410. \u0444\u043E\u043D \u0425\u0430\u0439\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0438 \u041C. \u0420\u043E\u0442\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043E\u043C \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u043B\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Lemberg, Galitzia eta Lodomeriako Erresuma, Austria-Hungariako Inperioa, 1881eko irailaren 29a - New York, 1973ko urriaren 10a) austriar-estatubatuar Austriar eskolako ekonomialari, historialari, logiko eta soziologoa izan zen. Praxeologiari, hauteskundeen eta giza ekintzen azterketa, buruz egindako lanagatik da ezaguna. Richard von Mises matematikariaren anaia izan zen."@eu . . . . . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Lemberg; 29 de septiembre de 1881-Nueva York, 10 de octubre de 1973) fue un economista austriaco de origen jud\u00EDo, historiador, fil\u00F3sofo y escritor liberal cl\u00E1sico que tuvo una influencia significativa en la escuela austriaca de econom\u00EDa y el moderno movimiento libertario. Plante\u00F3 lo perjudicial del poder e intervenci\u00F3n gubernamentales en la econom\u00EDa que, seg\u00FAn su teor\u00EDa, por lo general llevan a un resultado distinto al natural y por esto muchas veces perjudicial para la sociedad, ya que generan caos en el largo plazo."@es . . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises signature.png"@en . "Ludwig von MISES (29-a de septembro, 1881 - 10-a de oktobro, 1973) estis ekonomikisto. Li naski\u011Dis en A\u016Dstrio-Hungario kaj instruis \u0109e la Universitato de Vieno ekde 1913 \u011Dis 1934, dum li anka\u016D servis kiel \u0109efa ekonomika konsilanto al la a\u016Dstra registaro. Von Mises foriris de A\u016Dstrio je 1934 pro la tumulto incitita de la Nazioj kiam ili prenis potencon; li unue iris al \u011Cenevo, kaj je 1940 al Usono, kie li instruis \u0109e Nov-Jorkia Universitato ekde 1945 \u011Dis 1969. Li estas unu el la estroj de la A\u016Dstria skolo de ekonomiko - liverkis kaj prelegis amplekse por klasika liberalismo. Vidu anka\u016D Ekonomiko"@eo . "4826588"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30EB\u30FC\u30C8\u30F4\u30A3\u30D2\u30FB\u30D5\u30A9\u30F3\u30FB\u30DF\u30FC\u30BC\u30B9\uFF08Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises\u30011881\u5E749\u670829\u65E5 - 1973\u5E7410\u670810\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30AA\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30EA\u30A2\uFF1D\u30CF\u30F3\u30AC\u30EA\u30FC\u5E1D\u56FD\u51FA\u8EAB\u306E\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u30AA\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30EA\u30A2\u5B66\u6D3E\u3092\u4EE3\u8868\u3059\u308B\u4EBA\u7269\u306E\u4E00\u4EBA\u3068\u898B\u306A\u3055\u308C\u3066\u304A\u308A\u3001\u73FE\u4EE3\u81EA\u7531\u4E3B\u7FA9\u601D\u60F3\u306B\u5927\u304D\u306A\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53CA\u307C\u3057\u305F\u3002\u8457\u540D\u306A\u5F1F\u5B50\u306B\u30D5\u30EA\u30FC\u30C9\u30EA\u30D2\u30FB\u30CF\u30A4\u30A8\u30AF\u304C\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Lemberg, Galitzia eta Lodomeriako Erresuma, Austria-Hungariako Inperioa, 1881eko irailaren 29a - New York, 1973ko urriaren 10a) austriar-estatubatuar Austriar eskolako ekonomialari, historialari, logiko eta soziologoa izan zen. Praxeologiari, hauteskundeen eta giza ekintzen azterketa, buruz egindako lanagatik da ezaguna. XIX. mendean nobletutako familia judu batean jaio zen. Vienako Unibertsitatean ikasi zuen eta Carl Mengerren eragina jaso zuen. Funtzionario aritu zen Austriako finantza administrazioan eta Vienako abokatu bulego batean. Lehen Mundu Gerran, Austria-Hungariako armadako artilleria ofiziala izan zen. Engelbert Dollfuss kantzilerraren aholkulari ekonomikoa izan zen. 1934an Genevara joan zen eta Nazioarteko Ikasketen irakasle izan zen 1940ra arte. 1940an nazien aurrerapenetik ihes egin eta New Yorkera emigratu zuen. New Yorkeko Unibertsitateko irakaslea izan zen 1945etik 1969ra. Gerraosteko liberalismo klasikoaren ordezkari nagusietako bat izan zen. Ekonomista ez-interbentzionista eta antiinperialista izan zen. Bere idazkiek mugimendu libertarioetan eragina izan dute. Bere ikasleen artean austriar asko izan ziren, horien artean Friedrich Hayek eta . Richard von Mises matematikariaren anaia izan zen."@eu . . . . . "\u8DEF\u5FB7\u7DAD\u5E0C\u00B7\u6D77\u56E0\u91CC\u5E0C\u00B7\u57C3\u5FB7\u52D2\u00B7\u99AE\u00B7\u7C73\u585E\u65AF\uFF08\u5FB7\u8A9E\uFF1ALudwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, 1881\u5E749\u670829\u65E5\uFF0D1973\u5E7410\u670810\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u5965\u5730\u5229\u88D4\u7F8E\u56FD\u4EBA\uFF0C\u77E5\u540D\u7684\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u5386\u53F2\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u54F2\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u4F5C\u5BB6\uFF0C\u73FE\u4EE3\u81EA\u7531\u610F\u5FD7\u4E3B\u7FA9\u904B\u52D5\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u9886\u5BFC\u4EBA\uFF0C\u4E5F\u662F\u4E00\u4F4D\u7A4D\u6975\u4FC3\u9032\u53E4\u5178\u81EA\u7531\u4E3B\u7FA9\u5FA9\u8208\u7684\u5B78\u8005\u3002\u4ED6\u9084\u88AB\u8B7D\u70BA\u662F\u300C\u5967\u5730\u5229\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u6D3E\u7684\u9662\u9577\u300D\u3002\u4ED6\u7684\u7406\u8AD6\u4E5F\u5F71\u97FF\u4E86\u4E4B\u5F8C\u7684\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u5BB6\u5982\u5F17\u91CC\u5FB7\u91CC\u514B\u00B7\u54C8\u8036\u514B\u3001\u7A46\u745E\u00B7\u7F85\u65AF\u5DF4\u5FB7\u7B49\u4EBA\u3002\u5BF920\u4E16\u7EAA\u4E2D\u671F\u81EA\u7531\u610F\u5FD7\u4E3B\u4E49\u601D\u6F6E\u6709\u91CD\u5927\u5F71\u54CD\u3002 1982\u5E74\uFF0C\u7C73\u585E\u65AF\u7814\u7A76\u6240\u6210\u7ACB\uFF0C\u6210\u4E3A\u7814\u7A76\u548C\u63A8\u5E7F\u81EA\u7531\u610F\u5FD7\u4E3B\u4E49\u7684\u673A\u6784\u3002"@zh . . . . . "\u0644\u0648\u062F\u0641\u064A\u062C \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064A\u0632\u0633"@ar . . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises (Lemberg, 29 settembre 1881 \u2013 New York, 10 ottobre 1973) \u00E8 stato un economista austriaco naturalizzato statunitense, tra i pi\u00F9 influenti della scuola austriaca e del pensiero liberale, nonch\u00E9 uno dei padri del moderno libertarianismo; \u00E8 considerato il decano della scuola economica austriaca. In suo onore \u00E8 nato il Ludwig von Mises Institute."@it . . . . "University of Vienna"@en . . . . . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises (Lemberg, 29 settembre 1881 \u2013 New York, 10 ottobre 1973) \u00E8 stato un economista austriaco naturalizzato statunitense, tra i pi\u00F9 influenti della scuola austriaca e del pensiero liberale, nonch\u00E9 uno dei padri del moderno libertarianismo; \u00E8 considerato il decano della scuola economica austriaca. In suo onore \u00E8 nato il Ludwig von Mises Institute."@it . "Ludwig von Mises"@fr . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, f\u00F6dd 29 september 1881 i Lemberg i \u00D6sterrike-Ungern (nuvarande Lviv, Ukraina), d\u00F6d 10 oktober 1973 i New York, var en \u00F6sterrikisk nationalekonom. Han var student till de \u00F6sterrikiska ekonomerna Carl Menger och Eugen von B\u00F6hm-Bawerk och blev k\u00E4nd som en av de mest framtr\u00E4dande av \u00D6sterrikes ekonomer."@sv . . . "Ludwig Heinrich von Mises (* 29. September 1881 in Lemberg, \u00D6sterreich-Ungarn; \u2020 10. Oktober 1973 in New York, bis 1919: Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Adelsaufhebungsgesetz)) war ein \u00F6sterreichisch-amerikanischer Wirtschaftswissenschaftler und Theoretiker des klassischen Liberalismus und Libertarismus. Er gilt als einer der wichtigsten Vertreter der \u00D6sterreichischen Schule der National\u00F6konomie im 20. Jahrhundert."@de . . . . . . . . . . . "( \uB2E4\uB978 \uB73B\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uB8E8\uD2B8\uBE44\uD788 \uD3F0 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4(\uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Ludwig von Mises)\uB294 1881\uB144 \uC624\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB9AC\uC544-\uD5DD\uAC00\uB9AC \uC81C\uAD6D\uC5D0\uC11C \uD0DC\uC5B4\uB098 1973\uB144 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD55C \uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC790\uC774\uC790 \uCCA0\uD559\uC790\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uB294 1906\uB144 \uBE48 \uB300\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC95\uD559 \uBC0F \uACBD\uC81C\uD559 \uBC15\uC0AC \uD559\uC704\uB97C \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 1909\uB144\uC5D0 \uC624\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB9AC\uC544 \uC0C1\uC5C5\uD68C\uC758\uC18C\uC758 \uACBD\uC81C \uC790\uBB38\uC5ED\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. 1\uCC28 \uB300\uC804\uC5D0 \uBCF5\uBB34\uD55C \uD6C4, \uBE48 \uB300\uD559\uC758 \uACBD\uC81C\uD559 \uAD50\uC218\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, 1934\uB144\uC5D0\uB294 \uC81C\uB124\uBC14\uC758 \uAD6D\uC81C\uD559 \uB300\uD559\uC6D0\uC758 \uAD6D\uC81C \uAD00\uACC4\uD559 \uAD50\uC218\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. 1945\uB144 \uB274\uC695 \uB300\uD559 \uAC1D\uC6D0 \uAD50\uC218\uAC00 \uB418\uC5B4 1969\uB144 \uC740\uD1F4\uD560 \uB54C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uBA38\uBB3C\uB800\uB2E4. \uBD80\uC778 \uB9C8\uB974\uAE30\uD2B8 \uD3F0 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4(Margit von Mises)\uB294 \u226A\uB8E8\uD2B8\uBE44\uD788 \uD3F0 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uC640 \uD568\uAED8\uD55C \uC138\uC6D4\u226B\uC5D0\uC11C \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uC774\uC57C\uAE30\uD588\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Ludwig Heinrich von Mises (* 29. September 1881 in Lemberg, \u00D6sterreich-Ungarn; \u2020 10. Oktober 1973 in New York, bis 1919: Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Adelsaufhebungsgesetz)) war ein \u00F6sterreichisch-amerikanischer Wirtschaftswissenschaftler und Theoretiker des klassischen Liberalismus und Libertarismus. Er gilt als einer der wichtigsten Vertreter der \u00D6sterreichischen Schule der National\u00F6konomie im 20. Jahrhundert."@de . . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . "41901"^^ . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, f\u00F6dd 29 september 1881 i Lemberg i \u00D6sterrike-Ungern (nuvarande Lviv, Ukraina), d\u00F6d 10 oktober 1973 i New York, var en \u00F6sterrikisk nationalekonom. Han var student till de \u00F6sterrikiska ekonomerna Carl Menger och Eugen von B\u00F6hm-Bawerk och blev k\u00E4nd som en av de mest framtr\u00E4dande av \u00D6sterrikes ekonomer. P\u00E5 det politiska f\u00E4ltet var Mises liberal och f\u00F6r sitt motst\u00E5nd mot socialismen fick han ben\u00E4mningen \"The Last Knight of Liberalism\". Hans b\u00F6cker br\u00E4ndes p\u00E5 bokb\u00E5l i Nazityskland och var f\u00F6rbjudna i Sovjetunionen. Ludwig von Mises var bror till matematikern och vetenskapsteoretikern Richard von Mises."@sv . "Ludwig von Mises"@en . . . "March 2022"@en . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (German: [\u02C8lu\u02D0tv\u026A\u00E7 f\u0254n \u02C8mi\u02D0z\u0259s]; 29 September 1881 \u2013 10 October 1973) was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician, and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology studies comparing communism and capitalism. He is considered one of the most influential economic and political thinkers of the 20th century. Mises emigrated from Austria to the United States in 1940. Since the mid-20th century, libertarian movements have been strongly influenced by Mises's writings. Mises' student Friedrich Hayek viewed Mises as one of the major figures in the revival of classical liberalism in the post-war era. Hayek's work \"The Transmission of the Ideals of Freedom\" (1951) pays high tribute to the influence of Mises in the 20th century libertarian movement. Mises's Private Seminar was a leading group of economists. Many of its alumni, including Friedrich Hayek and Oskar Morgenstern, emigrated from Austria to the United States and Great Britain. Mises has been described as having approximately seventy close students in Austria."@en . . . . . . . "Economic calculation problem"@en . "Ludwig von Mises (prononciation allemande : \u02C8lu\u02D0t.v\u026A\u00E7 f\u0254n \u02C8mi\u02D0.z\u0259s) (29 septembre 1881 - 10 octobre 1973) est un \u00E9conomiste austro-am\u00E9ricain qui a eu une influence importante sur le mouvement lib\u00E9ral et libertarien moderne. Il enseigne d'abord \u00E0 Vienne puis \u00E0 Gen\u00E8ve jusqu'en 1940. Fils d'une famille juive du royaume de Galicie et de Lodom\u00E9rie et inscrit sur la liste noire des nazis, il fuit aux \u00C9tats-Unis o\u00F9 il enseigne \u00E0 l'universit\u00E9 de New York de 1945 \u00E0 1969. Naturalis\u00E9 am\u00E9ricain en 1946, il meurt \u00E0 New York en 1973."@fr . . . . . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (ur. 29 wrze\u015Bnia 1881 we Lwowie, zm. 10 pa\u017Adziernika 1973 w Nowym Jorku) \u2013 ekonomista austriacki. Brat matematyka Richarda von Misesa. Przedstawiciel szko\u0142y austriackiej w ekonomii, w pogl\u0105dach na gospodark\u0119 reprezentowa\u0142 stanowisko leseferystyczne. Twierdzi\u0142, \u017Ce niemo\u017Cliwe jest racjonalne funkcjonowanie gospodarki planowej. Stanowisko to wywo\u0142a\u0142o w okresie mi\u0119dzywojennym szerok\u0105 dyskusj\u0119 teoretyczn\u0105 (Maurice Dobb, Oskar Lange)."@pl . . . . . "Fritz Machlup"@en . . "Ludwig von Mises"@nl . . . . "Gitta Sereny"@en . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Le\u00F3polis, 29 de Setembro de 1881 \u2013 Nova Iorque, 10 de Outubro de 1973) foi um economista te\u00F3rico de nacionalidade austr\u00EDaca e, posteriormente, americana, de origem judaica, que foi membro da Escola Austr\u00EDaca de pensamento econ\u00F4mico. \u00C9 conhecido principalmente por seu trabalho no campo da praxeologia, o estudo dedutivo das a\u00E7\u00F5es e escolhas humanas. \u00C9 autor de diversos livros sobre economia, dentre os quais o j\u00E1 citado A\u00E7\u00E3o Humana (1949), A Mentalidade Anticapitalista (1956) e As Seis li\u00E7\u00F5es (1979)."@pt . "\u30EB\u30FC\u30C8\u30F4\u30A3\u30D2\u30FB\u30D5\u30A9\u30F3\u30FB\u30DF\u30FC\u30BC\u30B9"@ja . . . . . . . . "\u8DEF\u5FB7\u7DAD\u5E0C\u00B7\u6D77\u56E0\u91CC\u5E0C\u00B7\u57C3\u5FB7\u52D2\u00B7\u99AE\u00B7\u7C73\u585E\u65AF\uFF08\u5FB7\u8A9E\uFF1ALudwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, 1881\u5E749\u670829\u65E5\uFF0D1973\u5E7410\u670810\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u5965\u5730\u5229\u88D4\u7F8E\u56FD\u4EBA\uFF0C\u77E5\u540D\u7684\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u5386\u53F2\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u54F2\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u4F5C\u5BB6\uFF0C\u73FE\u4EE3\u81EA\u7531\u610F\u5FD7\u4E3B\u7FA9\u904B\u52D5\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u9886\u5BFC\u4EBA\uFF0C\u4E5F\u662F\u4E00\u4F4D\u7A4D\u6975\u4FC3\u9032\u53E4\u5178\u81EA\u7531\u4E3B\u7FA9\u5FA9\u8208\u7684\u5B78\u8005\u3002\u4ED6\u9084\u88AB\u8B7D\u70BA\u662F\u300C\u5967\u5730\u5229\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u6D3E\u7684\u9662\u9577\u300D\u3002\u4ED6\u7684\u7406\u8AD6\u4E5F\u5F71\u97FF\u4E86\u4E4B\u5F8C\u7684\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u5BB6\u5982\u5F17\u91CC\u5FB7\u91CC\u514B\u00B7\u54C8\u8036\u514B\u3001\u7A46\u745E\u00B7\u7F85\u65AF\u5DF4\u5FB7\u7B49\u4EBA\u3002\u5BF920\u4E16\u7EAA\u4E2D\u671F\u81EA\u7531\u610F\u5FD7\u4E3B\u4E49\u601D\u6F6E\u6709\u91CD\u5927\u5F71\u54CD\u3002 1982\u5E74\uFF0C\u7C73\u585E\u65AF\u7814\u7A76\u6240\u6210\u7ACB\uFF0C\u6210\u4E3A\u7814\u7A76\u548C\u63A8\u5E7F\u81EA\u7531\u610F\u5FD7\u4E3B\u4E49\u7684\u673A\u6784\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u039B\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B2\u03B9\u03C7 \u03C6\u03BF\u03BD \u039C\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03C2"@el . . . . . . . . "\u041C\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0441, \u041B\u044E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433 \u0444\u043E\u043D"@ru . . . . . . "1124438936"^^ . "Ludwig von Mises (prononciation allemande : \u02C8lu\u02D0t.v\u026A\u00E7 f\u0254n \u02C8mi\u02D0.z\u0259s) (29 septembre 1881 - 10 octobre 1973) est un \u00E9conomiste austro-am\u00E9ricain qui a eu une influence importante sur le mouvement lib\u00E9ral et libertarien moderne. Il enseigne d'abord \u00E0 Vienne puis \u00E0 Gen\u00E8ve jusqu'en 1940. Fils d'une famille juive du royaume de Galicie et de Lodom\u00E9rie et inscrit sur la liste noire des nazis, il fuit aux \u00C9tats-Unis o\u00F9 il enseigne \u00E0 l'universit\u00E9 de New York de 1945 \u00E0 1969. Naturalis\u00E9 am\u00E9ricain en 1946, il meurt \u00E0 New York en 1973. Auteur majeur de l'\u00E9cole autrichienne d'\u00E9conomie qui d\u00E9fend le capitalisme et le lib\u00E9ralisme classique, il est particuli\u00E8rement connu pour son magnum opus, L'Action humaine, trait\u00E9 d'\u00E9conomie publi\u00E9 pour la premi\u00E8re fois en anglais en 1949. Il y expose en particulier les positions \u00E9pist\u00E9mologiques et m\u00E9thodologiques qui caract\u00E9risent l'\u00E9cole autrichienne : conception subjective de la valeur, individualisme m\u00E9thodologique et prax\u00E9ologie. Son nom reste \u00E9galement attach\u00E9 \u00E0 la critique du socialisme, que Mises consid\u00E8re vou\u00E9 irr\u00E9m\u00E9diablement \u00E0 l'\u00E9chec en raison de l'absence des m\u00E9canismes de fixation des prix par le march\u00E9. Friedrich Hayek, Murray Rothbard et Israel Kirzner comptent parmi ses \u00E9l\u00E8ves les plus \u00E9minents."@fr . . "\u041B\u044E\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0433 \u0444\u043E\u043D \u041C\u0456\u0437\u0435\u0441 (\u043D\u0456\u043C. Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises; 29 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043D\u044F 1881, \u041B\u044C\u0432\u0456\u0432, \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E-\u0423\u0433\u043E\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u2014 10 \u0436\u043E\u0432\u0442\u043D\u044F 1973, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A, \u0421\u0428\u0410) \u2014 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043D\u0435\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0438. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043A \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443, \u0433\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437 \u043A\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u043D\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u043D \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438. \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0456 \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0456\u043A\u0430 \u0420\u0456\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u0444\u043E\u043D \u041C\u0456\u0437\u0435\u0441\u0430."@uk . . . . . "Austrian business cycle theory"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . "Ludwig von MISES (29-a de septembro, 1881 - 10-a de oktobro, 1973) estis ekonomikisto. Li naski\u011Dis en A\u016Dstrio-Hungario kaj instruis \u0109e la Universitato de Vieno ekde 1913 \u011Dis 1934, dum li anka\u016D servis kiel \u0109efa ekonomika konsilanto al la a\u016Dstra registaro. Von Mises foriris de A\u016Dstrio je 1934 pro la tumulto incitita de la Nazioj kiam ili prenis potencon; li unue iris al \u011Cenevo, kaj je 1940 al Usono, kie li instruis \u0109e Nov-Jorkia Universitato ekde 1945 \u011Dis 1969. Li estas unu el la estroj de la A\u016Dstria skolo de ekonomiko - liverkis kaj prelegis amplekse por klasika liberalismo. Vidu anka\u016D Ekonomiko"@eo . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (German: [\u02C8lu\u02D0tv\u026A\u00E7 f\u0254n \u02C8mi\u02D0z\u0259s]; 29 September 1881 \u2013 10 October 1973) was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician, and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology studies comparing communism and capitalism. He is considered one of the most influential economic and political thinkers of the 20th century."@en . . "Israel Kirzner"@en . . "right"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@es . "New York University"@en . . "Ludwig von Mises"@eu . . . . . . . "InternetArchiveBot"@en . . "Gottfried Haberler"@en . . "\u041B\u044E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433 \u0444\u043E\u043D \u041C\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0441 (\u043D\u0435\u043C. Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, 29 \u0441\u0435\u043D\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1881, \u041B\u0435\u043C\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433 (\u041B\u044C\u0432\u043E\u0432), \u041A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u0413\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u041B\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E-\u0412\u0435\u043D\u0433\u0440\u0438\u044F \u2014 10 \u043E\u043A\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1973, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A, \u0421\u0428\u0410) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043A \u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0441\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043A\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043B\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430, \u0432\u043D\u0451\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044B \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u041D\u0430\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0443 \u0441 \u0424. \u0410. \u0444\u043E\u043D \u0425\u0430\u0439\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0438 \u041C. \u0420\u043E\u0442\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043E\u043C \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u043B\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430."@ru . "\u041B\u044E\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0433 \u0444\u043E\u043D \u041C\u0456\u0437\u0435\u0441"@uk . . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u039F \u039B\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B2\u03B9\u03C7 \u03A7\u03AC\u03B9\u03BD\u03C1\u03B9\u03C7 \u03C6\u03BF\u03BD \u039C\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03C2 (Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, 29 \u03A3\u03B5\u03C0\u03C4\u03B5\u03BC\u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1881 \u2013 10 \u039F\u03BA\u03C4\u03C9\u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1973) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u0391\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03AC\u03BB\u03B7 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C1\u03C1\u03BF\u03AE \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF \u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C5\u03B8\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC \u03BA\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03BB\u03B1\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C5\u03B8\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD. \u0388\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF \u03BF \u03B1\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03BF\u03BD\u03AF\u03BA\u03B7\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CD\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03A3\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03AE\u03C2 \u039F\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03A3\u03BA\u03AD\u03C8\u03B7\u03C2. \u039F\u03B9 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B7\u03C1\u03AD\u03B1\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03B5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03CC\u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03BF \u03A6\u03C1\u03AF\u03BD\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03C7 \u03C6\u03BF\u03BD \u03A7\u03AC\u03B3\u03B5\u03BA, \u03BF \u039C\u03AC\u03C1\u03B5\u03CA \u03A1\u03CC\u03B8\u03BC\u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03BD\u03C4 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF \u03A7\u03B5\u03C3\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u039F\u03C5\u03AD\u03C1\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BD\u03C4\u03B5 \u03A3\u03CC\u03C4\u03BF."@el . . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@in . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@eo . "\uB8E8\uD2B8\uBE44\uD788 \uD3F0 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4"@ko . . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@pl . . . . . "Methodological dualism"@en . . . . . . . . . "Gerhard Tintner"@en . . . . . . . "New York City, New York, U.S."@en . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Lviv, 29 de setembre de 1881 - Nova York, 10 d'octubre de 1973), va ser un economista i fil\u00F2sof social austro-hongar\u00E8s, considerat el deg\u00E0 de l'Escola Austr\u00EDaca d'Economia i un dels economistes m\u00E9s influents del segle XX."@ca . "Ludwig von Mises"@ca . . . . . . "yes"@en . . . . . . . . "\u041B\u044E\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0433 \u0444\u043E\u043D \u041C\u0456\u0437\u0435\u0441 (\u043D\u0456\u043C. Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises; 29 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043D\u044F 1881, \u041B\u044C\u0432\u0456\u0432, \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E-\u0423\u0433\u043E\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u2014 10 \u0436\u043E\u0432\u0442\u043D\u044F 1973, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A, \u0421\u0428\u0410) \u2014 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043D\u0435\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0438. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043A \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443, \u0433\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437 \u043A\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u043D\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u043D \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438. \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0456 \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0456\u043A\u0430 \u0420\u0456\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u0444\u043E\u043D \u041C\u0456\u0437\u0435\u0441\u0430."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30EB\u30FC\u30C8\u30F4\u30A3\u30D2\u30FB\u30D5\u30A9\u30F3\u30FB\u30DF\u30FC\u30BC\u30B9\uFF08Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises\u30011881\u5E749\u670829\u65E5 - 1973\u5E7410\u670810\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30AA\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30EA\u30A2\uFF1D\u30CF\u30F3\u30AC\u30EA\u30FC\u5E1D\u56FD\u51FA\u8EAB\u306E\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u30AA\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30EA\u30A2\u5B66\u6D3E\u3092\u4EE3\u8868\u3059\u308B\u4EBA\u7269\u306E\u4E00\u4EBA\u3068\u898B\u306A\u3055\u308C\u3066\u304A\u308A\u3001\u73FE\u4EE3\u81EA\u7531\u4E3B\u7FA9\u601D\u60F3\u306B\u5927\u304D\u306A\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53CA\u307C\u3057\u305F\u3002\u8457\u540D\u306A\u5F1F\u5B50\u306B\u30D5\u30EA\u30FC\u30C9\u30EA\u30D2\u30FB\u30CF\u30A4\u30A8\u30AF\u304C\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (ur. 29 wrze\u015Bnia 1881 we Lwowie, zm. 10 pa\u017Adziernika 1973 w Nowym Jorku) \u2013 ekonomista austriacki. Brat matematyka Richarda von Misesa. Przedstawiciel szko\u0142y austriackiej w ekonomii, w pogl\u0105dach na gospodark\u0119 reprezentowa\u0142 stanowisko leseferystyczne. Twierdzi\u0142, \u017Ce niemo\u017Cliwe jest racjonalne funkcjonowanie gospodarki planowej. Stanowisko to wywo\u0142a\u0142o w okresie mi\u0119dzywojennym szerok\u0105 dyskusj\u0119 teoretyczn\u0105 (Maurice Dobb, Oskar Lange)."@pl . "1881-09-29"^^ . "Ludwig Heinrich von Mises (Lemberg, 29 september 1881 \u2013 New York, 10 oktober 1973) was een Oostenrijks econoom en filosoof. Hij is d\u00E9 proponent van de Oostenrijkse School in de 20e eeuw. Murray Rothbard, en Friedrich von Hayek waren discipelen van hem."@nl . . "\u039F \u039B\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B2\u03B9\u03C7 \u03A7\u03AC\u03B9\u03BD\u03C1\u03B9\u03C7 \u03C6\u03BF\u03BD \u039C\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03C2 (Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, 29 \u03A3\u03B5\u03C0\u03C4\u03B5\u03BC\u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1881 \u2013 10 \u039F\u03BA\u03C4\u03C9\u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1973) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u0391\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03AC\u03BB\u03B7 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C1\u03C1\u03BF\u03AE \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF \u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C5\u03B8\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC \u03BA\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03BB\u03B1\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C5\u03B8\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD. \u0388\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF \u03BF \u03B1\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03BF\u03BD\u03AF\u03BA\u03B7\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CD\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03A3\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03AE\u03C2 \u039F\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03A3\u03BA\u03AD\u03C8\u03B7\u03C2. \u039F\u03B9 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B7\u03C1\u03AD\u03B1\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03B5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03CC\u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03BF \u03A6\u03C1\u03AF\u03BD\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03C7 \u03C6\u03BF\u03BD \u03A7\u03AC\u03B3\u03B5\u03BA, \u03BF \u039C\u03AC\u03C1\u03B5\u03CA \u03A1\u03CC\u03B8\u03BC\u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03BD\u03C4 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF \u03A7\u03B5\u03C3\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u039F\u03C5\u03AD\u03C1\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BD\u03C4\u03B5 \u03A3\u03CC\u03C4\u03BF."@el . . . . . . "1973-10-10"^^ . . "\u8DEF\u5FB7\u7DAD\u5E0C\u00B7\u99AE\u00B7\u7C73\u585E\u65AF"@zh . . . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises (Lviv, 29 de setembre de 1881 - Nova York, 10 d'octubre de 1973), va ser un economista i fil\u00F2sof social austro-hongar\u00E8s, considerat el deg\u00E0 de l'Escola Austr\u00EDaca d'Economia i un dels economistes m\u00E9s influents del segle XX."@ca . . . . . . . "Ludwig Heinrich von Mises (Lemberg, 29 september 1881 \u2013 New York, 10 oktober 1973) was een Oostenrijks econoom en filosoof. Hij is d\u00E9 proponent van de Oostenrijkse School in de 20e eeuw. Murray Rothbard, en Friedrich von Hayek waren discipelen van hem."@nl . . . . . . . . . . "Richard von Mises"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@sv . . . . . . "Praxeology"@en . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Catallactics"@en . . . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@it . . . . "Ludwig von Mises"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "( \uB2E4\uB978 \uB73B\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uB8E8\uD2B8\uBE44\uD788 \uD3F0 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4(\uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Ludwig von Mises)\uB294 1881\uB144 \uC624\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB9AC\uC544-\uD5DD\uAC00\uB9AC \uC81C\uAD6D\uC5D0\uC11C \uD0DC\uC5B4\uB098 1973\uB144 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD55C \uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC790\uC774\uC790 \uCCA0\uD559\uC790\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uB294 1906\uB144 \uBE48 \uB300\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC95\uD559 \uBC0F \uACBD\uC81C\uD559 \uBC15\uC0AC \uD559\uC704\uB97C \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 1909\uB144\uC5D0 \uC624\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB9AC\uC544 \uC0C1\uC5C5\uD68C\uC758\uC18C\uC758 \uACBD\uC81C \uC790\uBB38\uC5ED\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. 1\uCC28 \uB300\uC804\uC5D0 \uBCF5\uBB34\uD55C \uD6C4, \uBE48 \uB300\uD559\uC758 \uACBD\uC81C\uD559 \uAD50\uC218\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, 1934\uB144\uC5D0\uB294 \uC81C\uB124\uBC14\uC758 \uAD6D\uC81C\uD559 \uB300\uD559\uC6D0\uC758 \uAD6D\uC81C \uAD00\uACC4\uD559 \uAD50\uC218\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. 1945\uB144 \uB274\uC695 \uB300\uD559 \uAC1D\uC6D0 \uAD50\uC218\uAC00 \uB418\uC5B4 1969\uB144 \uC740\uD1F4\uD560 \uB54C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uBA38\uBB3C\uB800\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uB294 \uC624\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB9AC\uC544 \uD559\uD30C\uC758 \uC77C\uC6D0\uC774\uC790 \uCD5C\uACE0\uBD09\uC73C\uB85C\uC11C, \uC18C\uBE44\uC790 \uBBFC\uC8FC\uC8FC\uC758 \uCCB4\uC81C\uB85C\uC11C \uC2DC\uC7A5\uACBD\uC81C\uC758 \uC131\uACA9\uC744 \uBD84\uBA85\uD788 \uBC1D\uD614\uC73C\uBA70, \uAC1C\uC131\uC774 \uC5C6\uB294 \uBB34\uCC28\uBCC4\uC758 \uAC1C\uC778\uC774 \uC544\uB2C8\uB77C \uC0C1\uC774\uD55C \uC695\uAD6C\uB97C \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uB098\uB984\uB300\uB85C \uD569\uB9AC\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD589\uB3D9\uD558\uB294 \uAC1C\uC778\uC758 \uC120\uD638\uC640 \uC120\uD0DD\uC774 \uB9CC\uB4E4\uC5B4\uB0B4\uB294 \uAD50\uD658 \uBC0F \uC81C\uD734\uAC00 \uC2DC\uC7A5\uACBD\uC81C\uB97C \uB9CC\uB4E0\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD588\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uC5D0\uAC8C \uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC740 \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uC778\uAC04\uD589\uB3D9\uD559 \uC911 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uC138\uB828\uB41C \uACFC\uD559\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \uC778\uAC04\uD589\uB3D9\uD559\uC5D0 \uBC14\uD0D5\uC744 \uB450\uACE0 \uC5ED\uD559\uC801(\uAE30\uACC4\uC801) \uC138\uACC4\uAD00\uACFC \uB9DE\uC130\uC73C\uBA70 \uC218\uD559\uC801 \uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC774\uB098 \uACC4\uB7C9\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC744 \uB17C\uBC15\uD574 \uC654\uB2E4. 1979\uB144 \uC601\uAD6D\uC758 \uB300\uCC98\uB9AC\uC998\uC744 \uBD88\uB7EC\uC77C\uC73C\uD0A8 \uD558\uC774\uC5D0\uD06C, 1980\uB144 \uB808\uC774\uAC70\uB178\uBBF9\uC2A4\uB97C \uBD88\uB7EC\uC77C\uC73C\uD0A8 \uD504\uB9AC\uB4DC\uBA3C\uC740 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uC640 \uD568\uAED8 \uBABD\uD398\uB97C\uB7AD \uD611\uD68C\uC758 \uD68C\uC6D0\uC774\uC790 \uB3D9\uC9C0\uB4E4\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \u226A\uD654\uD3D0 \uBC0F \uC2E0\uC6A9 \uC774\uB860\u226B(1912), \u226A\uC0AC\uD68C\uC8FC\uC758\u226B(1922), \u226A\uC778\uAC04\uD589\uB3D9\uB860\u226B(1949)\uACFC \uAC19\uC740 \uB300\uC791 \uC774\uC678\uC5D0\uB3C4 \u226A\uC804\uB2A5\uD55C \uC815\uBD80\u226B(1944), \u226A \uAD00\uB8CC\uC81C\u226B(1944), \u226A\uC774\uB860\uACFC \uC5ED\uC0AC\u226B(1957), \u226A\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uC778\uC2DD\uB860\uC801 \uBB38\uC81C\u226B(1960), \u226A\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uAD81\uADF9\uC801 \uAE30\uCD08\u226B(1962)\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uC218\uB9CE\uC740 \uC800\uC11C\uB97C \uD1B5\uD558\uC5EC \uB2E4\uBC29\uBA74\uC5D0 \uAC78\uCCD0 \uCC3D\uC758\uC801\uC778 \uC5C5\uC801\uC744 \uB0A8\uACBC\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uB294 \uD55C \uBA85\uC758 \uB178\uBCA8\uC0C1 \uC218\uC0C1\uC790(F. A. \uD558\uC774\uC5D0\uD06C), \uB450 \uBA85\uC758 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uD68C \uD68C\uC7A5(\uACE0\uD2B8\uD504\uB9AC\uD2B8 \uD558\uBC8C\uB7EC\uC640 \uD504\uB9AC\uCE20 \uB9E4\uD074\uB7FD), \uAD6D\uC81C\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uBA85\uC131 \uC788\uB294 \uB9CE\uC740 \uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC790\uB4E4(\uC624\uC2A4\uCE74 \uBAA8\uB974\uAC90\uC288\uD14C\uB978, \uBA38\uB9AC \uB85C\uC2A4\uBC14\uB4DC, \uC774\uC2A4\uB77C\uC5D8 \uCEE4\uC988\uB108 \uB4F1)\uC744 \uC81C\uC790\uB85C \uBC30\uCD9C\uD588\uB2E4. \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uC624\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB9AC\uC544\uD559\uD30C\uC758 \uD559\uC790\uB4E4\uC774 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uC758 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uC744 \uACC4\uC2B9\u00B7\uBC1C\uC804\uC2DC\uD0A4\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uBD80\uC778 \uB9C8\uB974\uAE30\uD2B8 \uD3F0 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4(Margit von Mises)\uB294 \u226A\uB8E8\uD2B8\uBE44\uD788 \uD3F0 \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uC640 \uD568\uAED8\uD55C \uC138\uC6D4\u226B\uC5D0\uC11C \uBBF8\uC81C\uC2A4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uC774\uC57C\uAE30\uD588\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . "Quantity theory of money"@en .