. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Juego por correo"@es . "Ein Postspiel (auch Briefspiel oder Spiel per Post; englisch: Play-by-mail game, PBM) ist ein Spiel, das mittels Briefen gespielt wird, da die am Spiel Beteiligten sich \u00FCblicherweise nicht am selben Ort aufhalten und auch nicht gleichzeitig spielen."@de . . . . "\"Rick Loomis is generally recognized as the founder of the PBM industry.\""@en . . . . . . . . . . "Play-by-mail game"@en . . . . . . . "padding:8px;"@en . . . . . . . . . "I Play by Mail (\"gioca per posta\" in inglese), spesso abbreviato in PbM, sono giochi di ogni tipo giocati attraverso posta. Un esempio su tutti gli scacchi, che sono stati giocati via posta per secoli, semplicemente inviando per iscritto all'avversario la propria mossa (e quando erano giocati in questo modo erano conosciuti come scacchi per corrispondenza). In tempi recenti, con l'avvento di internet e della corrispondenza elettronica (e-mail), anche i giochi Play by Mail si sono evoluti adattandosi ai nuovi e migliori mezzi di comunicazione per diventare giochi Play by e-Mail. Per questi \u00E8 stata introdotta la sigla PbEM (o PBeM o simili), ma per semplicit\u00E0 viene utilizzata spesso la sigla PbM anche nel caso della posta elettronica. Altre diciture improprie per indicare in particolare i Play by e-Mail furono anche Play by Internet (PbI) e Play by Web (PbW). Tutte queste diciture appaiono in contrapposizione ai giochi FtF (Face to Face, \"faccia a faccia\" in inglese) giocati in prima persona. In linea generale, comunque, i PbM/PbEM erano e sono tali attraverso l'intercessione di un moderatore umano, di un software di moderazione o della combinazione degli stessi."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C \uAC8C\uC784"@ko . . . "27.0"^^ . . "65438"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Postspiel"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C \uAC8C\uC784(\uC601\uC5B4: play-by-mail game) \uB610\uB294 \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uD3EC\uC2A4\uD2B8 \uAC8C\uC784(\uC601\uC5B4: play-by-post game)\uC740 \uC6B0\uD3B8\uC774\uB098 \uC774\uBA54\uC77C\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uC990\uAE38 \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uAC8C\uC784\uC774\uB2E4. \uC6B0\uD3B8 \uCCB4\uC2A4\uB294 \uC218\uC138\uAE30 \uB3D9\uC548 \uC6B0\uD3B8\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uD50C\uB808\uC774\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB77C\uB294 \uBCF4\uB4DC\uAC8C\uC784\uC740 1960\uB144\uB300 \uC774\uD6C4\uB85C \uC6B0\uD3B8\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uD50C\uB808\uC774\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uC774\uB294 \uC5D0 \uC758\uD574 \uC791\uC131\uB41C, \uC778\uC1C4\uB41C \uB274\uC2A4\uB808\uD130(\uD32C \uC7A1\uC9C0)\uC640 \uD568\uAED8 \uC2DC\uC791\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBD80\uBD84\uC801\uC73C\uB85C\uB294 \uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130 \uD504\uB85C\uADF8\uB7A8\uB4E4\uC5D0 \uC758\uD574\uC11C\uB098, \uC544\uB2C8\uBA74 \uC644\uC804\uD788 \uAD00\uB9AC\uB41C \uB354 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uAC8C\uC784\uB4E4\uC758 \uC120\uC8FC\uC790\uB294 1970\uB144 \uAC8C\uC784 \u300A\u300B\uB97C \uAC1C\uBC1C\uD55C \uC774\uB2E4. \uC8FC\uC694 \uC774\uBA54\uC77C \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uB97C \uD1B5\uD574 \uC81C\uACF5\uB41C \uCD5C\uCD08\uC758 \uAC8C\uC784\uC740 1983\uB144 \uCEF4\uD4E8\uC11C\uBE0C\uB97C \uD3EC\uD568\uD55C \uC8FC\uC694 \uC774\uBA54\uC77C \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uB4E4\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uC774\uBA54\uC77C \uD134(e-mail turn)\uC744 \uC218\uB77D\uD55C Neolithic Enterprises\uC758 \u300AWebWar II\u300B(\uC6F9\uC6CC II)\uC774\uB2E4. \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C \uAC8C\uC784\uC740 PBM \uAC8C\uC784\uC774\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uBD80\uB974\uB294\uB370, \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C\uC774 \uC885\uC885 \uC0AC\uB78C\uACFC \uC9C1\uC811 \uD50C\uB808\uC774\uD558\uB294 OTB(\uC624\uBC84 \uB354 \uBCF4\uB4DC) \uAC8C\uC784\uC774\uB098 \uC5BC\uAD74 \uB300 \uC5BC\uAD74\uB85C(face to face, FTF)\uC758 \uBC18\uB300\uC758 \uC758\uBBF8\uB85C PBeM\uC73C\uB85C \uC904\uC5EC \uB9D0\uD558\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC774\uB2E4. \"\uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uC778\uD130\uB137\"(PBI)\uC774\uB098 \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uC6F9(PBW)\uC774\uB77C\uB294 \uC774\uB984\uB3C4 \uC4F0\uC778\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Le jeu par correspondance (ou JpC) d\u00E9signe une fa\u00E7on de jouer par diff\u00E9rentes m\u00E9thodes de communication \u00E0 distance, g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement par \u00E9changes de courriers postaux ou \u00E9lectroniques ; dans ce dernier cas, on parlera de jeu par courriel ou de Play-by-email (abr\u00E9g\u00E9 PBEM, PBeM, PbEM, PBM, voire JPeM \u2014 Jeu par e-Mail). Il existe plusieurs centaines de jeux par correspondance, des plus confidentiels aux plus connus ; quasiment tous les genres sont repr\u00E9sent\u00E9s : jeux de r\u00E9flexion, de strat\u00E9gie, de r\u00F4le, de simulation, de sport, etc. Certains jeux sont payants, beaucoup sont gratuits."@fr . . . . . "\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232"@zh . . . . "left"@en . "\u2014 The Editors of Space Gamer Magazine, 1985."@en . "\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232 \u662F\u6307\u4EFB\u4F55\u4E00\u7A2E\u900F\u904E\u50B3\u7D71\u90F5\u5BC4\u6216\u96FB\u5B50\u90F5\u5BC4\u65B9\u5F0F\u9032\u884C\u73A9\u6A02\u7684\u904A\u6232\u3002\u6578\u4E16\u7D00\u4EE5\u524D\uFF0C\u4EBA\u5011\u900F\u904E\u90F5\u5BC4\u65B9\u5F0F\u4E0B\u68CB\uFF08\u9019\u7A2E\u65B9\u5F0F\u88AB\u7A31\u70BA\u901A\u8A0A\u578B\u68CB\u85DD\uFF09\u3002\u9019\u5C31\u662F\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u7684\u521D\u578B\u3002 \u53E6\u4E00\u500B\u8457\u540D\u7684\u4F8B\u5B50\u5373\u662F\u65BC1960\u5E74\u4EE3\u4E2D\u671F\u7531\u5728\u7D19\u4E0A\u904A\u6232\u96DC\u8A8C\u4E0A\u767C\u660E\u7684\u7D19\u4E0A\u904A\u6232\u3002 \u591A\u5E74\u5F8C\uFF0C\u7531\u529B\u514B\uFF0E\u76E7\u7F8E\u65AF\u65BC1970\u5E74\u767C\u660E\u7684\uFF0C\u5021\u5C0E\u4E86\u4E00\u7A2E\u7531\u96FB\u8166\u7A0B\u5F0F\u8F14\u52A9\u6216\u63A7\u5236\u7684\u8907\u96DC\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u3002\u7531\uFF0C\u7F8E\u570B\u5176\u4E2D\u4E00\u9593\u5BB6\u7528\u904A\u6232\u958B\u767C\u8005\uFF0C\u958B\u767C\u4E86\u4E00\u500B\u540D\u70BA\u7684\u904A\u6232\u3002\u9019\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u500B\u7528\u96FB\u90F5\u9032\u884C\uFF0C\u4E26\u7D93\u7531\u5927\u578B\u5728\u7DDA\u670D\u52D9\u4F3A\u670D\u5668\u9032\u884C\u73A9\u6A02\u7684\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u3002\u904A\u6232\u65BC1989\u5E74\u7D93\u7531\u63A8\u51FA\u5E02\u9762\u3002 \u5728\u5916\u570B\uFF0C\u82E5\u4EE5\u904A\u6232\u7684\u5A92\u4ECB\u9032\u884C\u5283\u5206\uFF0C\u6709\u4EE5\u4E0B\u5E7E\u5927\u985E\u578B\uFE30 \n* PBM - \u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232 (Play By Mail) \n* PBeM - \u7D93\u904E\u96FB\u5B50\u90F5\u4EF6\u50B3\u905E\u7684\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232 (Play By e-Mail) \n* FTF - \u8207\u5176\u4ED6\u73A9\u5BB6\u76F4\u63A5\u9762\u5C0D\u9762\u9032\u884C\u73A9\u6A02\u7684\u904A\u6232 (Face To Face) \n* PBI / PBW - \u4E92\u806F\u7DB2\u904A\u6232(Play By Internet, PBI or Play By Web, PBW) \u5728\u9019\u4E9B\u4F8B\u5B50\u4E2D\uFF0C\u904A\u6232\u53EF\u4EE5\u7531\u4EBA\u624B\u3001\u96FB\u8166\u7A0B\u5F0F\u6216\u5169\u8005\u7684\u4E92\u76F8\u7D50\u5408\u4F86\u9032\u884C\u7684\u3002 \u7531\u65BC\u300AGaming Universal\u300B\u53CA\u7B2C\u4E00\u672C\u96C6\u4E2D\u65BC\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u7684\u5C08\u696D\u96DC\u8A8C\uFF0D\uFF0D\u300A\u300B\u7684\u51FA\u73FE\uFF0C\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u57281980\u5E74\u4EE3\u9054\u5230\u9AD8\u5CF0\u3002\uFF08\u53E6\u4E00\u672C\u8F03\u65E9\u51FA\u73FE\u7684\u96DC\u8A8C\uFF0D\uFF0DNuts & Bolts of PBM\u5373\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u672C\u5168\u9762\u8986\u84CB\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u7684\u51FA\u7248\u4F5C\u54C1\u3002\uFF09\u7576\u6642\u5F88\u591A\u9818\u5C0E\u5E02\u5834\u7684\u4E3B\u6D41\u904A\u6232\u96DC\u8A8C\u90FD\u520A\u767B\u300AGaming Universal\u300B\u7684\u51FA\u7248\u4EBA\u53CA\u7E3D\u7DE8\u8F2F\u535A\uFF0E\u9EA5\u62C9\u6069\u7684\u6587\u7AE0\uFF0C\u4EE4\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u518D\u5EA6\u63A8\u5411\u9AD8\u5CF0\u3002\u4E0D\u4E45\u5F8C\uFF0C\u300A\u300B\u6536\u8CFC\u4E86\u300AGaming Universal\u300B\u7684\u6D77\u5916\u7248\u6B0A\uFF0C\u4EE4\u300AGaming Universal\u300B\u6210\u70BA\u4E86\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u754C\u520A\u7269\u7684\u9818\u5C0E\u8005\u3002 \u7531\u57FA\u65AF\uFF0E\u590F\u7DAD\u53CA (\u73FE\u5728\u7684\u82F1\u570B\u570B\u6703\u8B70\u54E1)\u6240\u5275\u7ACB\u300A\u300B\u73FE\u5728\u4ECD\u7136\u5EE3\u53D7\u5927\u773E\u6B61\u8FCE\u3002 \u57281990\u5E74\u4EE3\u7684\u5F8C\u671F\uFF0C\u7D93\u7531\u5BE6\u9AD4\u90F5\u905E\u7684\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u96D6\u7136\u88AB\u96FB\u8166\u904A\u6232\u53CA\u4E92\u806F\u7DB2\u904A\u6232\u6240\u908A\u7DE3\u5316\uFF0C\u4F46\u9019\u7A2E\u5BE6\u9AD4\u90F5\u905E\u7684\u6D3B\u52D5\u4ECD\u7136\u6D3B\u8E8D\u65BC\u5168\u7403\uFF0C\u76EE\u524D\u5927\u7D04\u64C1\u67092000-3000\u540D\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u7684\u8FFD\u96A8\u8005\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "I Play by Mail (\"gioca per posta\" in inglese), spesso abbreviato in PbM, sono giochi di ogni tipo giocati attraverso posta. Un esempio su tutti gli scacchi, che sono stati giocati via posta per secoli, semplicemente inviando per iscritto all'avversario la propria mossa (e quando erano giocati in questo modo erano conosciuti come scacchi per corrispondenza). In linea generale, comunque, i PbM/PbEM erano e sono tali attraverso l'intercessione di un moderatore umano, di un software di moderazione o della combinazione degli stessi."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u30D0\u30A4\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB (\u82F1\uFF1APlay-by-mail game\u3001PBM) \u306F\u3001\u90F5\u4FBF\u3084\u30A4\u30F3\u30BF\u30FC\u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u306A\u3069\u901A\u4FE1\u5A92\u4F53\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u9060\u9694\u5730\u306E\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u30E4\u30FC\u540C\u58EB\u304C\u904A\u3076\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u306E\u7DCF\u79F0\u3002 \u72ED\u7FA9\u306B\u306F\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3001\u6587\u7AE0\uFF08\u30C6\u30AD\u30B9\u30C8\uFF09\u306B\u3088\u308B\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u3092\u4E3B\u3068\u3059\u308B\u591A\u4EBA\u6570\u540C\u6642\u53C2\u52A0\u578B\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u306E\u5834\u5408\u306E\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB\u306F\u96FB\u5B50\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u901A\u5E38\u306E\u624B\u7D19\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u30A4\u30F3\u30BF\u30FC\u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u4E0A\u306E\u96FB\u5B50\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB\u3092\u4F7F\u7528\u3059\u308B\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u306FPBeM(play by e-mail) \u3001\u6216\u3044\u306F\u30A4\u30F3\u30BF\u30FC\u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u4E0A\u3067\u6587\u7AE0\u306B\u3088\u308B\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u3092\u4E3B\u3068\u3057\u305F\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u3092\u7DCF\u79F0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u30D0\u30A4\u30A6\u30A7\u30D6(play by web) \u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304C\u591A\u3044\u3002\u901A\u4FE1\u624B\u6BB5\u306E\u5909\u5316\u306B\u3088\u308A\u904A\u3073\u65B9\u306B\u3082\u5909\u5316\u304C\u751F\u3058\u305F\u70BA\u3001PBW\u306FPBM\u3068\u306F\u7570\u306A\u308B\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u30B8\u30E3\u30F3\u30EB\u306B\u8EE2\u3058\u305F\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308B\u30E6\u30FC\u30B6\u30FC\u3082\u5B58\u5728\u3059\u308B\u3002 \u65E5\u672C\u3067PBM\u904B\u55B6\u3092\u884C\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305F\u4F01\u696D\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u904A\u6F14\u4F53\u306F\u3001\u90F5\u4FBF\u306B\u3088\u308BRPG\u5F62\u5F0F\u306EPBM\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3092\u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u3068\u79F0\u3057\u305F\u304C\u3001\u73FE\u5728\u306E\u30AA\u30F3\u30E9\u30A4\u30F3\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u3084MMO\u7B49\u306E\u610F\u3068\u306F\u7570\u306A\u308B\u3002"@ja . . "Ein Postspiel (auch Briefspiel oder Spiel per Post; englisch: Play-by-mail game, PBM) ist ein Spiel, das mittels Briefen gespielt wird, da die am Spiel Beteiligten sich \u00FCblicherweise nicht am selben Ort aufhalten und auch nicht gleichzeitig spielen."@de . . . . . "A play-by-mail game (also known as a PBM game, PBEM game, or a turn-based game) is a game played through postal mail, email or other digital media. Correspondence chess and Go were among the first PBM games. Diplomacy has been played by mail since 1963, introducing a multi-player aspect to PBM games. Flying Buffalo Inc. pioneered the first commercially available PBM game in 1970. A small number of PBM companies followed in the 1970s, with an explosion of hundreds of startup PBM companies in the 1980s at the peak of PBM gaming popularity, many of them small hobby companies\u2014more than 90 percent of which eventually folded. A number of independent PBM magazines also started in the 1980s, including The Nuts & Bolts of PBM, Gaming Universal, Paper Mayhem and Flagship. These magazines eventually went out of print, replaced in the 21st century by the online PBM journal . Play-by-mail games\u2014becoming known as \"turn-based games\" in the digital age\u2014have a number of advantages and disadvantages compared to other gaming genres. PBM games have wide ranges for turn lengths. Some games allow turnaround times of a day or less\u2014even hourly. Other games structure multiple days or weeks for players to consider moves or turns and players never run out of opponents to face. If desired, some PBM games can be played for years. Additionally, the complexity of PBM games can be far beyond that allowed by a board game in an afternoon, and pit players against live opponents in these conditions\u2014a challenge some players enjoy. PBM games allow the number of opponents or teams in the dozens\u2014with some previous examples over a thousand players. PBM games also allow gamers to interact with others globally. Games with low turn costs compare well with expensive board or video games. Drawbacks include the price for some PBM games with high setup and/or turn costs, and the lack of the ability for face-to-face roleplaying. Additionally, for some players, certain games can be overly complex, and delays in turn processing can be a negative. Play-by-mail games are multifaceted. In their earliest form they involved two players mailing each other directly by postal mail, such as in correspondence chess. Multi-player games, such as Diplomacy or more complex games available today, involve a game master who receives and processes orders and adjudicates turn results for players. These games also introduced the element of diplomacy in which participants can discuss gameplay with each other, strategize, and form alliances. In the 1970s and 1980s, some games involved turn results adjudicated completely by humans. Over time, partial or complete turn adjudication by computer became the norm. Games also involve open- and closed-end variants. Open-ended games do not normally end and players can develop their positions to the fullest extent possible; in closed-end games, players pursue victory conditions until a game conclusion. PBM games enable players to explore a diverse array of roles, such as characters in fantasy or medieval settings, space operas, inner city gangs, or more unusual ones such as assuming the role of a microorganism or monster."@en . . . . . "Los juegos por correo son juegos, de cualquier tipo, jugados por correo postal o por correo electr\u00F3nico (correo electr\u00F3nico). Un ejemplo, el ajedrez, se ha jugado por correo durante siglos (jugado de esta forma se denomina ajedrez por correspondencia). Otro ejemplo, el juego Diplomacy, se ha jugado por correo desde la d\u00E9cada de los 60, comenzando con una noticia impresa (un fanzine) escrita por John Boardman. Otros juegos de guerra m\u00E1s complejos, moderados por programas de ordenador, fueron lanzados por y su empresa, en los 70. El primero de esos juegos ofrecido v\u00EDa correo electr\u00F3nico a trav\u00E9s de un servicio al p\u00FAblico en general fue de la compa\u00F1\u00EDa , que debut\u00F3 en AOL en 1989 (los juegos por correo electr\u00F3nico en Internet y en BITNET datan de 1989)."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u30D0\u30A4\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB"@ja . "Le jeu par correspondance (ou JpC) d\u00E9signe une fa\u00E7on de jouer par diff\u00E9rentes m\u00E9thodes de communication \u00E0 distance, g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement par \u00E9changes de courriers postaux ou \u00E9lectroniques ; dans ce dernier cas, on parlera de jeu par courriel ou de Play-by-email (abr\u00E9g\u00E9 PBEM, PBeM, PbEM, PBM, voire JPeM \u2014 Jeu par e-Mail). Les parties se d\u00E9roulent tour apr\u00E8s tour, soit directement entre les joueurs, soit par l'entremise d'un arbitre qui, apr\u00E8s r\u00E9ception et traitement des messages, renvoie les r\u00E9sultats aux joueurs. Cette forme de jeu a pour avantages de r\u00E9unir des personnes qui n'habitent pas aux m\u00EAmes endroits et ne sont pas disponibles aux m\u00EAmes moments, et permet \u00E0 ses participants de faire plusieurs parties simultan\u00E9ment. Il existe plusieurs centaines de jeux par correspondance, des plus confidentiels aux plus connus ; quasiment tous les genres sont repr\u00E9sent\u00E9s : jeux de r\u00E9flexion, de strat\u00E9gie, de r\u00F4le, de simulation, de sport, etc. Certains jeux sont payants, beaucoup sont gratuits."@fr . "A play-by-mail game (also known as a PBM game, PBEM game, or a turn-based game) is a game played through postal mail, email or other digital media. Correspondence chess and Go were among the first PBM games. Diplomacy has been played by mail since 1963, introducing a multi-player aspect to PBM games. Flying Buffalo Inc. pioneered the first commercially available PBM game in 1970. A small number of PBM companies followed in the 1970s, with an explosion of hundreds of startup PBM companies in the 1980s at the peak of PBM gaming popularity, many of them small hobby companies\u2014more than 90 percent of which eventually folded. A number of independent PBM magazines also started in the 1980s, including The Nuts & Bolts of PBM, Gaming Universal, Paper Mayhem and Flagship. These magazines eventually "@en . . . . . . "Jeu par correspondance"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1124485381"^^ . . . . "23654"^^ . . . . . "Los juegos por correo son juegos, de cualquier tipo, jugados por correo postal o por correo electr\u00F3nico (correo electr\u00F3nico). Un ejemplo, el ajedrez, se ha jugado por correo durante siglos (jugado de esta forma se denomina ajedrez por correspondencia). Otro ejemplo, el juego Diplomacy, se ha jugado por correo desde la d\u00E9cada de los 60, comenzando con una noticia impresa (un fanzine) escrita por John Boardman. Otros juegos de guerra m\u00E1s complejos, moderados por programas de ordenador, fueron lanzados por y su empresa, en los 70. El primero de esos juegos ofrecido v\u00EDa correo electr\u00F3nico a trav\u00E9s de un servicio al p\u00FAblico en general fue de la compa\u00F1\u00EDa , que debut\u00F3 en AOL en 1989 (los juegos por correo electr\u00F3nico en Internet y en BITNET datan de 1989). En ingl\u00E9s los juegos por correo postal se denominan PBM games, y los juegos por correo electr\u00F3nico PBeM, en contraste con los cara a cara (FTF) realizados directamente entre personas. Otras variaciones incluyen (PBI) or (PBW). En cualquier caso, los movimientos del jugador pueden ser realizados por un humano, un programa inform\u00E1tico, o una combinaci\u00F3n de ambos. En la d\u00E9cada de los 80, los juegos por correo alcanzaron su cima de popularidad con la llegada de Gaming Universal, la primera revista profesional dedicada a juegos por correo. Una revista similar, Flagship, se centraba en juegos por correo postales en Inglaterra. Bob McLain, editor de Gaming Universal, populariz\u00F3 a\u00FAn m\u00E1s este hobby escribiendo art\u00EDculos que aparec\u00EDan en muchas de las revistas de juegos m\u00E1s importantes de la \u00E9poca. A finales de los 90, los juegos de ordenador y por Internet hicieron que los juegos por correo postal disminuyeran, aunque contin\u00FAan teniendo seguidores en todo el mundo. Como Internet misma, estos juegos nacieron en el mundo anglosaj\u00F3n y posteriormente llegaron al resto de comunidades."@es . . . "\uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C \uAC8C\uC784(\uC601\uC5B4: play-by-mail game) \uB610\uB294 \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uD3EC\uC2A4\uD2B8 \uAC8C\uC784(\uC601\uC5B4: play-by-post game)\uC740 \uC6B0\uD3B8\uC774\uB098 \uC774\uBA54\uC77C\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uC990\uAE38 \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uAC8C\uC784\uC774\uB2E4. \uC6B0\uD3B8 \uCCB4\uC2A4\uB294 \uC218\uC138\uAE30 \uB3D9\uC548 \uC6B0\uD3B8\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uD50C\uB808\uC774\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB77C\uB294 \uBCF4\uB4DC\uAC8C\uC784\uC740 1960\uB144\uB300 \uC774\uD6C4\uB85C \uC6B0\uD3B8\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uD50C\uB808\uC774\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uC774\uB294 \uC5D0 \uC758\uD574 \uC791\uC131\uB41C, \uC778\uC1C4\uB41C \uB274\uC2A4\uB808\uD130(\uD32C \uC7A1\uC9C0)\uC640 \uD568\uAED8 \uC2DC\uC791\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBD80\uBD84\uC801\uC73C\uB85C\uB294 \uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130 \uD504\uB85C\uADF8\uB7A8\uB4E4\uC5D0 \uC758\uD574\uC11C\uB098, \uC544\uB2C8\uBA74 \uC644\uC804\uD788 \uAD00\uB9AC\uB41C \uB354 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uAC8C\uC784\uB4E4\uC758 \uC120\uC8FC\uC790\uB294 1970\uB144 \uAC8C\uC784 \u300A\u300B\uB97C \uAC1C\uBC1C\uD55C \uC774\uB2E4. \uC8FC\uC694 \uC774\uBA54\uC77C \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uB97C \uD1B5\uD574 \uC81C\uACF5\uB41C \uCD5C\uCD08\uC758 \uAC8C\uC784\uC740 1983\uB144 \uCEF4\uD4E8\uC11C\uBE0C\uB97C \uD3EC\uD568\uD55C \uC8FC\uC694 \uC774\uBA54\uC77C \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uB4E4\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uC774\uBA54\uC77C \uD134(e-mail turn)\uC744 \uC218\uB77D\uD55C Neolithic Enterprises\uC758 \u300AWebWar II\u300B(\uC6F9\uC6CC II)\uC774\uB2E4. \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C \uAC8C\uC784\uC740 PBM \uAC8C\uC784\uC774\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uBD80\uB974\uB294\uB370, \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C\uC774 \uC885\uC885 \uC0AC\uB78C\uACFC \uC9C1\uC811 \uD50C\uB808\uC774\uD558\uB294 OTB(\uC624\uBC84 \uB354 \uBCF4\uB4DC) \uAC8C\uC784\uC774\uB098 \uC5BC\uAD74 \uB300 \uC5BC\uAD74\uB85C(face to face, FTF)\uC758 \uBC18\uB300\uC758 \uC758\uBBF8\uB85C PBeM\uC73C\uB85C \uC904\uC5EC \uB9D0\uD558\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC774\uB2E4. \"\uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uC778\uD130\uB137\"(PBI)\uC774\uB098 \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uC6F9(PBW)\uC774\uB77C\uB294 \uC774\uB984\uB3C4 \uC4F0\uC778\uB2E4. 1980\uB144\uB300\uC5D0 \uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C \uAC8C\uC784\uB4E4\uC740 \uAC8C\uC774\uBC0D \uC720\uB2C8\uBC84\uC124, Paper Mayhem, (\uD50C\uB808\uC774 \uBC14\uC774 \uBA54\uC77C \uAC8C\uC784\uC5D0 \uACF5\uD5CC\uD55C \uCD5C\uCD08\uC758 \uD504\uB85C\uD398\uC154\uB110 \uC7A1\uC9C0)\uC758 \uCD9C\uD604\uACFC \uD568\uAED8 \uC778\uAE30\uAC00 \uC808\uC815\uC5D0 \uCE58\uB2EC\uC558\uB2E4. (\uCD08\uAE30\uC758 \uD32C \uC7A1\uC9C0\uC778 PBM\uC758 \uB294 \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uCDE8\uBBF8\uB97C \uC608\uC678\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uB2E4\uB8E8\uB294 \uCD5C\uCD08\uC758 \uCD9C\uD310\uBB3C\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4)"@ko . "Play by Mail"@it . . . . "\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232 \u662F\u6307\u4EFB\u4F55\u4E00\u7A2E\u900F\u904E\u50B3\u7D71\u90F5\u5BC4\u6216\u96FB\u5B50\u90F5\u5BC4\u65B9\u5F0F\u9032\u884C\u73A9\u6A02\u7684\u904A\u6232\u3002\u6578\u4E16\u7D00\u4EE5\u524D\uFF0C\u4EBA\u5011\u900F\u904E\u90F5\u5BC4\u65B9\u5F0F\u4E0B\u68CB\uFF08\u9019\u7A2E\u65B9\u5F0F\u88AB\u7A31\u70BA\u901A\u8A0A\u578B\u68CB\u85DD\uFF09\u3002\u9019\u5C31\u662F\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u7684\u521D\u578B\u3002 \u53E6\u4E00\u500B\u8457\u540D\u7684\u4F8B\u5B50\u5373\u662F\u65BC1960\u5E74\u4EE3\u4E2D\u671F\u7531\u5728\u7D19\u4E0A\u904A\u6232\u96DC\u8A8C\u4E0A\u767C\u660E\u7684\u7D19\u4E0A\u904A\u6232\u3002 \u591A\u5E74\u5F8C\uFF0C\u7531\u529B\u514B\uFF0E\u76E7\u7F8E\u65AF\u65BC1970\u5E74\u767C\u660E\u7684\uFF0C\u5021\u5C0E\u4E86\u4E00\u7A2E\u7531\u96FB\u8166\u7A0B\u5F0F\u8F14\u52A9\u6216\u63A7\u5236\u7684\u8907\u96DC\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u3002\u7531\uFF0C\u7F8E\u570B\u5176\u4E2D\u4E00\u9593\u5BB6\u7528\u904A\u6232\u958B\u767C\u8005\uFF0C\u958B\u767C\u4E86\u4E00\u500B\u540D\u70BA\u7684\u904A\u6232\u3002\u9019\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u500B\u7528\u96FB\u90F5\u9032\u884C\uFF0C\u4E26\u7D93\u7531\u5927\u578B\u5728\u7DDA\u670D\u52D9\u4F3A\u670D\u5668\u9032\u884C\u73A9\u6A02\u7684\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u3002\u904A\u6232\u65BC1989\u5E74\u7D93\u7531\u63A8\u51FA\u5E02\u9762\u3002 \u5728\u5916\u570B\uFF0C\u82E5\u4EE5\u904A\u6232\u7684\u5A92\u4ECB\u9032\u884C\u5283\u5206\uFF0C\u6709\u4EE5\u4E0B\u5E7E\u5927\u985E\u578B\uFE30 \n* PBM - \u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232 (Play By Mail) \n* PBeM - \u7D93\u904E\u96FB\u5B50\u90F5\u4EF6\u50B3\u905E\u7684\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232 (Play By e-Mail) \n* FTF - \u8207\u5176\u4ED6\u73A9\u5BB6\u76F4\u63A5\u9762\u5C0D\u9762\u9032\u884C\u73A9\u6A02\u7684\u904A\u6232 (Face To Face) \n* PBI / PBW - \u4E92\u806F\u7DB2\u904A\u6232(Play By Internet, PBI or Play By Web, PBW) \u5728\u9019\u4E9B\u4F8B\u5B50\u4E2D\uFF0C\u904A\u6232\u53EF\u4EE5\u7531\u4EBA\u624B\u3001\u96FB\u8166\u7A0B\u5F0F\u6216\u5169\u8005\u7684\u4E92\u76F8\u7D50\u5408\u4F86\u9032\u884C\u7684\u3002 \u7531\u57FA\u65AF\uFF0E\u590F\u7DAD\u53CA (\u73FE\u5728\u7684\u82F1\u570B\u570B\u6703\u8B70\u54E1)\u6240\u5275\u7ACB\u300A\u300B\u73FE\u5728\u4ECD\u7136\u5EE3\u53D7\u5927\u773E\u6B61\u8FCE\u3002 \u57281990\u5E74\u4EE3\u7684\u5F8C\u671F\uFF0C\u7D93\u7531\u5BE6\u9AD4\u90F5\u905E\u7684\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u96D6\u7136\u88AB\u96FB\u8166\u904A\u6232\u53CA\u4E92\u806F\u7DB2\u904A\u6232\u6240\u908A\u7DE3\u5316\uFF0C\u4F46\u9019\u7A2E\u5BE6\u9AD4\u90F5\u905E\u7684\u6D3B\u52D5\u4ECD\u7136\u6D3B\u8E8D\u65BC\u5168\u7403\uFF0C\u76EE\u524D\u5927\u7D04\u64C1\u67092000-3000\u540D\u90F5\u905E\u578B\u904A\u6232\u7684\u8FFD\u96A8\u8005\u3002"@zh . . . . . "\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u30D0\u30A4\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB (\u82F1\uFF1APlay-by-mail game\u3001PBM) \u306F\u3001\u90F5\u4FBF\u3084\u30A4\u30F3\u30BF\u30FC\u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u306A\u3069\u901A\u4FE1\u5A92\u4F53\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u9060\u9694\u5730\u306E\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u30E4\u30FC\u540C\u58EB\u304C\u904A\u3076\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u306E\u7DCF\u79F0\u3002 \u72ED\u7FA9\u306B\u306F\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3001\u6587\u7AE0\uFF08\u30C6\u30AD\u30B9\u30C8\uFF09\u306B\u3088\u308B\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u3092\u4E3B\u3068\u3059\u308B\u591A\u4EBA\u6570\u540C\u6642\u53C2\u52A0\u578B\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u306E\u5834\u5408\u306E\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB\u306F\u96FB\u5B50\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u901A\u5E38\u306E\u624B\u7D19\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u30A4\u30F3\u30BF\u30FC\u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u4E0A\u306E\u96FB\u5B50\u30E1\u30FC\u30EB\u3092\u4F7F\u7528\u3059\u308B\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u306FPBeM(play by e-mail) \u3001\u6216\u3044\u306F\u30A4\u30F3\u30BF\u30FC\u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u4E0A\u3067\u6587\u7AE0\u306B\u3088\u308B\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u3092\u4E3B\u3068\u3057\u305F\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u3092\u7DCF\u79F0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30D7\u30EC\u30A4\u30D0\u30A4\u30A6\u30A7\u30D6(play by web) \u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304C\u591A\u3044\u3002\u901A\u4FE1\u624B\u6BB5\u306E\u5909\u5316\u306B\u3088\u308A\u904A\u3073\u65B9\u306B\u3082\u5909\u5316\u304C\u751F\u3058\u305F\u70BA\u3001PBW\u306FPBM\u3068\u306F\u7570\u306A\u308B\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u30B8\u30E3\u30F3\u30EB\u306B\u8EE2\u3058\u305F\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308B\u30E6\u30FC\u30B6\u30FC\u3082\u5B58\u5728\u3059\u308B\u3002 \u65E5\u672C\u3067PBM\u904B\u55B6\u3092\u884C\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305F\u4F01\u696D\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u904A\u6F14\u4F53\u306F\u3001\u90F5\u4FBF\u306B\u3088\u308BRPG\u5F62\u5F0F\u306EPBM\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3092\u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u3068\u79F0\u3057\u305F\u304C\u3001\u73FE\u5728\u306E\u30AA\u30F3\u30E9\u30A4\u30F3\u30B2\u30FC\u30E0\u3084MMO\u7B49\u306E\u610F\u3068\u306F\u7570\u306A\u308B\u3002"@ja . .