. . "Praet"@en . "Preta (dewanagari \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924 ,'ten, kt\u00F3ry odszed\u0142', te\u017C pareta \u2013 'ten, kt\u00F3ry odszed\u0142 w dal',hindi pret) \u2013 kategoria istot mitycznych w hinduizmie, reprezentuj\u0105ca duchy os\u00F3b zmar\u0142ych w stosunkowo niedawnym czasie. Zasadniczo preta jest przychylny ludziom. Zamieszkuje obszary miejsc kremacji, cmentarze i pola bitew. Siedziba ich istoty nadrzednej to ('gr\u00F3d kr\u00F3la pret\u00F3w')."@pl . "\u041F\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0438, (\u043C\u043D. \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u043E \u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924\u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924, preta IAST, \u00AB\u0449\u043E \u043F\u0456\u0448\u043E\u0432\u00BB) \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0456 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0438. \u0423 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457(\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0457\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439) \u043C\u0456\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440\u043B\u0438\u0445, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0433\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u043F\u0456\u0441\u043B\u044F \u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0456 (\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043E \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443) \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0448\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0435\u0439. \u0417\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044F\u043C \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B (\u0441\u0430\u043F\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u043A\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0443), \u0449\u043E\u0431 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0431\u0445\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0456\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0428\u0438\u0432\u0438, \u0430\u043B\u0435 \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0437 (\u043F\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440\u043B\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044C\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043D\u0435\u0431\u0456) \u0432 \u043D\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0456. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0435, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0431\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0436\u043D\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u0431\u0445\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0456 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u044F\u043A \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0436\u0456 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044F\u043C. \u0423 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043C\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0456\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0440\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 (\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438) - \u0446\u0435 \u043D\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u041A\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0416\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044F[\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043B\u043E \u043D\u0435 \u0432\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0435 1720 \u0434\u043D\u0456\u0432], \u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043B\u0456\u0447\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u0435\u0456\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0440\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0437 \u0454\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043C\u043E\u044E. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0435 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0437\u0456\u043F\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044E, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043C\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043C\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u044E, \u0436\u0430\u0434\u0456\u0431\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044E \u0456 \u0442. \u043F. \u0412\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0456 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457\u043C\u0438 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434 \u0456 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0443. \u0426\u0456 \u043C\u0443\u043A\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C, \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0438 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C, \u044F\u043A \u043F\u0430\u043B\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0456 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0437 \u0433\u043E\u0440\u043B\u043E\u043C \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0437 \u0432\u0443\u0448\u043A\u043E \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043A\u0438 \u0456 \u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043E\u043C \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043C\u0456\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0437 \u0433\u043E\u0440\u0443[\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043B\u043E \u043D\u0435 \u0432\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0435 1720 \u0434\u043D\u0456\u0432]. \u0412\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044F\u0445, \u0443\u043B\u044E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0446\u044F\u0445 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0432, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u044C\u043E\u043C \u0456 \u0431\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u043F\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437 \u043F\u0456\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u043C. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043B\u044E\u0431\u043B\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u043E\u0433\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0436 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0434\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0456\u043D\u044C."@uk . . "\u092A\u0947\u0924"@en . . . . . "Preta a\u016D pretao en Esperanto estas la sanskrita vorto por nesatigebla fantomo. \u011Ci estas \u015Dlosila termino de la mitologio de budhismo, hinduismo kaj \u011Dajnismo. \u011Ci estas rilata al la koncepto de animo de forpasinto."@eo . "shmashanas or cemetery Buddhism"@en . . . . . . . "Preta (em s\u00E2nscrito: \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924, em tibetano: \u0F61\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F51\u0FAD\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B yi dags), tamb\u00E9m conhecido como fantasma faminto, \u00E9 o nome s\u00E2nscrito para um tipo de ser sobrenatural descrito no hindu\u00EDsmo, budismo, tao\u00EDsmo e na religi\u00E3o popular chinesa e vietnamita como algu\u00E9m sofrendo mais que os humanos, particularmente um n\u00EDvel extremo de fome e sede. Eles t\u00EAm suas origens nas religi\u00F5es indianas e foram adotados pelas religi\u00F5es do leste asi\u00E1tico atrav\u00E9s da dissemina\u00E7\u00E3o do budismo. Preta \u00E9 frequentemente traduzido como \" fantasma faminto\" ou \"esp\u00EDrito \u00E1vido\" da adapta\u00E7\u00E3o chinesa. Nas primeiras fontes, como o Petavatthu, eles s\u00E3o muito mais variados. As descri\u00E7\u00F5es abaixo aplicam-se principalmente neste contexto mais restrito."@pt . "Hinduism"@en . . . "19740"^^ . "Pretao"@eo . "pei\u0294t\u00E0"@en . "Taoism"@en . "phet2"@en . . . . . "1864505"^^ . . . . "Preta"@ca . . . "Preta"@en . "Preta"@es . . . . . "\u041F\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0438, (\u043C\u043D. \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u043E \u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924\u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924, preta IAST, \u00AB\u0449\u043E \u043F\u0456\u0448\u043E\u0432\u00BB) \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0456 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0438. \u0423 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457(\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0457\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439) \u043C\u0456\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440\u043B\u0438\u0445, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0433\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u043F\u0456\u0441\u043B\u044F \u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0456 (\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043E \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443) \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0448\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0435\u0439. \u0417\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044F\u043C \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B (\u0441\u0430\u043F\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u043A\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0443), \u0449\u043E\u0431 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0431\u0445\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0456\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0428\u0438\u0432\u0438, \u0430\u043B\u0435 \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0437 (\u043F\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440\u043B\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044C\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043D\u0435\u0431\u0456) \u0432 \u043D\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0456. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0435, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0431\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0436\u043D\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u0431\u0445\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0456 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u044F\u043A \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0436\u0456 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044F\u043C."@uk . "Gaki"@en . . "1109513567"^^ . . "\u107D\u1035\u1010\u103A\u1087"@en . . "Preta a\u016D pretao en Esperanto estas la sanskrita vorto por nesatigebla fantomo. \u011Ci estas \u015Dlosila termino de la mitologio de budhismo, hinduismo kaj \u011Dajnismo. \u011Ci estas rilata al la koncepto de animo de forpasinto."@eo . "Preta"@en . . . . . . . . "ng\u1EA1 qu\u1EF7"@en . . . . . . . . "\u9913\u9B3C\uFF08\u68B5\u8A9E\uFF1A\u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924\uFF0CPreta\uFF1B\u5DF4\u5229\u8A9E\uFF1APeta\uFF09\uFF0C\u53C8\u7A31\u7956\u7236\u9B3C\uFF08\u68B5\u8BED\uFF1A\uFF0C\u4E49\u7232\u7236\u8F88\u3001\u7236\u7CFB\uFF0C\u548C\u82F1\u6587father\u540C\u8A5E\u6E90\uFF09\u6216\u9B3C\uFF0C\u97F3\u8B6F\u859C\u8318\u591A\u3001\u9589\u623E\u591A\u3001\u5351\u5E1D\u9ECE\u7B49\uFF0C\u672C\u81EA\u65BC\u5370\u5EA6\u56FA\u6709\u7684\u6B7B\u5F8C\u4FE1\u4EF0\uFF0C\u800C\u53C8\u70BA\u4F5B\u6559\u6240\u52A0\u4EE5\u689D\u7406\u7C21\u5225\uFF0C\u6210\u70BA\u985E\u4F3C\u65BC\u9B51\u9B45\u9B4D\u9B4E\u7684\u9B3C\u795E\u7CBE\u602A\uFF0C\u5E38\u70BA\u5929\u4EBA\uFF08Deva\uFF0C\u63D0\u5A46\uFF09\u6240\u9A45\u4F7F\u3002\u6839\u64DA\u5370\u5EA6\u50B3\u8AAA\uFF0C\u4E16\u754C\u6700\u521D\u7684\u9B3C\u738B\uFF0C\u540D\u9589\u591A\uFF0C\u662F\u7236\u6216\u7956\u7236\uFF08\u8001\u7956\u5B97\uFF09\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u9589\u623E\u591A\u662F\u7236\u6216\u7956\u7236\u6240\u6709\u7684\u610F\u601D\u3002\u5F8C\u4F86\u7684\u9B3C\u738B\uFF0C\u540D\u70BA\u95BB\u9B54\u7F85\u738B\uFF08Yamaraja\uFF0C\u6216\u8B6F\u7430\u9B54\u3001\u95BB\u9B54\u3001\u95BB\u7F85\uFF0C\u7C21\u7A31\u95BB\u738B\uFF09\u3002 \u9B3C\u2500\u2500\u859C\u8318\u591A\u5206\u4E8C\u985E\uFF1A\u4E00\u3001\u4F4F\u5728\u95BB\u9B54\u7F85\u738B\u4E16\u754C\u4E26\u7531\u5176\u6CBB\u7406\u7684\uFF1B\u4E8C\u3001\u6563\u5728\u4EBA\u9593\u7684\uFF0C\u591A\u6578\u5F85\u5728\u6A39\u6797\u4E2D\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u7A31\u6A39\u6797\u70BA\u300C\u9B3C\u6751\u300D\u3002\u5F8C\u8005\u751F\u6D3B\u5728\u4EBA\u985E\u5468\u570D\uFF0C\u4F46\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u4EBA\u7121\u6CD5\u898B\u5230\u3002\u7D55\u5927\u591A\u6578\u7684\u9B3C\u751F\u6D3B\u98E2\u9949\u8CA7\u4E4F\uFF0C\u7121\u4EBA\uFF08\u6216\u7121\u6CD5\u63A5\u53D7\uFF09\u65BD\u98DF\uFF0C\u8CAA\u5A6A\u591A\u6B32\uFF0C\u6C38\u9060\u7121\u6CD5\u6EFF\u8DB3\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u7C60\u7D71\u7A31\u4E4B\u70BA\u9913\u9B3C\u3002\u6B64\u822C\u9913\u9B3C\u6240\u5C45\u7684\u4E16\u754C\u7A31\u70BA\u997F\u9B3C\u9053\uFF08\u6216\u7A31\u4E4B\u70BA\u9B3C\u795E\u9053\u3001\u9B3C\u9053\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u516D\u9053\u8F6E\u56DE\u4E2D\u7684\u60E1\u8DA3\uFF0C\u4EE3\u8868\u8457\u4E09\u4E0D\u5584\u6839\u4E2D\u7684\u8CAA\u6B32\u3002 \u96D6\u7136\u5F80\u5F80\u7FFB\u8B6F\u70BA\u300C\u9913\u9B3C\u300D\uFF0C\u4F46\u5176\u5BE6\u9B3C\u9053\u773E\u751F\u4E0D\u4E00\u5B9A\u98E2\u9913\uFF0C\u5176\u4E2D\u4E5F\u6709\u5BCC\u88D5\u5962\u83EF\u751A\u81F3\u6709\u5927\u795E\u901A\u8005\uFF0C\u5176\u798F\u5831\u8207\u6CD5\u529B\u751A\u81F3\u8D85\u904E\u5929\u4EBA\uFF0C\u5982\u9CE9\u69C3\u837C\uFF08\u591A\u8CA1\u9B3C\uFF09\u3001\u591C\u53C9\uFF08\u52C7\u5065\u9B3C\uFF09\u3001\u7F85\u524E\uFF08\u5147\u60E1\u9B3C\uFF09\uFF0C\u88AB\u4F5B\u6559\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u5177\u6709\u5927\u80FD\u529B\u7684\u9B3C\u738B\u3002"@zh . "Preta (dewanagari \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924 ,'ten, kt\u00F3ry odszed\u0142', te\u017C pareta \u2013 'ten, kt\u00F3ry odszed\u0142 w dal',hindi pret) \u2013 kategoria istot mitycznych w hinduizmie, reprezentuj\u0105ca duchy os\u00F3b zmar\u0142ych w stosunkowo niedawnym czasie. Preta w literaturze powedyjskiej reprezentuje sk\u0142adniki niematerialne, kt\u00F3re pozosta\u0142y po kremacji zmar\u0142ego. Jest to forma przej\u015Bciowa bytu po\u015Bmiertnego. Preta przeistacza si\u0119 w istot\u0119 pitry ('przodek, ojciec'), je\u015Bli do roku czasu m\u0119ski potomek zmar\u0142ego przeprowadzi ceremoni\u0119 sapindikarana. Wtedy duch preta wkracza do krainy 'ojc\u00F3w' o nazwie pitryloka. Zaniechanie przeprowadzenia rytua\u0142u sapindikarana, skutkuje przeistoczeniem si\u0119 ducha zmar\u0142ego cz\u0142owieka w istot\u0119 typu bhuta. Zasadniczo preta jest przychylny ludziom. Zamieszkuje obszary miejsc kremacji, cmentarze i pola bitew. Siedziba ich istoty nadrzednej to ('gr\u00F3d kr\u00F3la pret\u00F3w')."@pl . . . . . . "(A Burmese depiction of hungry ghosts .)"@en . "East, South and Southeast Asia"@en . "En el marco de las creencias religiosas budistas, hinduistas y jainistas, un preta es un tipo de esp\u00EDritu atormentado, el alma de un fallecido."@es . . . . . . "Preta"@fr . . . "Hungry Ghost Realm"@en . "\u9913\u9B3C"@en . . . . . . . "birid"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Preta (sanskrit : \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924), peta (p\u0101li), yi-dwag (tib\u00E9tain : \u0F61\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F51\u0FAD\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B), egui (chinois : \u9913\u9B3C ; pinyin : \u00E8gu\u01D0 ; litt. \u00AB goule \u00BB) ou gaki (\u9913\u9B3C), pret (khmer : \u1794\u17D2\u179A\u17C1\u178F) est un terme d\u00E9signant dans l\u2019hindouisme le premier \u00E9tat des tr\u00E9pass\u00E9s, concept repris dans le bouddhisme comme une des voies de la r\u00E9incarnation. Dans les folklores, ce sont des fant\u00F4mes ou de mauvais esprits."@fr . . "Pr\u00E9ta, tak\u00E9 hladov\u00FD duch, je sanskrtsk\u00E9 jm\u00E9no pro typ nadp\u0159irozen\u00E9 bytosti popsan\u00E9 v hinduismu, buddhismu, taoismu a \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00E9m a vietnamsk\u00E9m lidov\u00E9m n\u00E1bo\u017Eenstv\u00ED jako du\u0161e zem\u0159el\u00E9ho, trp\u00EDc\u00ED hor\u0161\u00EDm utrpen\u00EDm ne\u017E lid\u00E9, zejm\u00E9na extr\u00E9mn\u00EDm hladem a \u017E\u00EDzn\u00ED. Maj\u00ED sv\u016Fj p\u016Fvod v indick\u00FDch n\u00E1bo\u017Eenstv\u00EDch a byli p\u0159ijati do v\u00FDchodoasijsk\u00FDch n\u00E1bo\u017Eenstv\u00ED \u0161\u00ED\u0159en\u00EDm buddhismu. Pr\u00E9ta je \u010Dasto p\u0159elo\u017Eena do \u010De\u0161tiny jako \u201Ehladov\u00FD duch\u201C. V ran\u00FDch zdroj\u00EDch, jako je Petavatthu, jsou mnohem rozmanit\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED. N\u00ED\u017Ee uveden\u00E9 popisy plat\u00ED hlavn\u011B v tomto u\u017E\u0161\u00EDm kontextu. V\u00FDvoj konceptu preta za\u010Dal pouh\u00FDm p\u0159em\u00FD\u0161len\u00EDm, \u017Ee to byla du\u0161e a duch osoby, jakmile zem\u0159ela, ale pozd\u011Bji se koncept vyvinul do p\u0159echodn\u00E9ho stavu mezi smrt\u00ED a z\u00EDsk\u00E1n\u00EDm karmick\u00E9 reinkarnace v souladu s osudem \u010Dlov\u011Bka. Aby mohla rodina zesnul\u00E9ho vstoupit do cyklu karmick\u00E9 reinkarnace, mus\u00ED se zapojit do \u0159ady ritu\u00E1l\u016F a ob\u011Btn\u00EDch ob\u0159ad\u016F, aby uvedla trp\u00EDc\u00EDho ducha do jeho p\u0159\u00ED\u0161t\u00EDho \u017Eivota. Pokud se rodina nez\u00FA\u010Dastn\u00ED t\u011Bchto poh\u0159ebn\u00EDch ob\u0159ad\u016F, kter\u00E9 trvaj\u00ED jeden rok, du\u0161e by mohla z\u016Fstat trp\u00EDc\u00EDm hladov\u00FDm duchem u\u017E nav\u017Edy. Pr\u00E9ta je pova\u017Eov\u00E1n za du\u0161i \u010Dlov\u011Bka v jeho p\u0159edchoz\u00EDm \u017Eivot\u011B fale\u0161n\u00E9ho, zkorumpovan\u00E9ho, nutkav\u00E9ho, klamn\u00E9ho, \u017E\u00E1rliv\u00E9ho nebo chamtiv\u00E9ho. V d\u016Fsledku sv\u00E9 karmy jsou posti\u017Eeni neukojiteln\u00FDm hladem po ur\u010Dit\u00E9 l\u00E1tce nebo p\u0159edm\u011Btu. Tradi\u010Dn\u011B je to n\u011Bco odporn\u00E9ho nebo poni\u017Euj\u00EDc\u00EDho, jako jsou mrtvoly nebo v\u00FDkaly, i kdy\u017E v nov\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDch p\u0159\u00EDb\u011Bz\u00EDch to m\u016F\u017Ee b\u00FDt cokoli, by\u0165 bizarn\u00ED. Krom\u011B nenasytn\u00E9ho hladu po odporn\u00FDch v\u011Bcech trp\u00ED tak\u00E9 znepokojuj\u00EDc\u00EDmi vizemi. Pr\u00E9ty a lidsk\u00E9 bytosti zab\u00EDraj\u00ED stejn\u00FD fyzick\u00FD prostor a zat\u00EDmco lid\u00E9, kte\u0159\u00ED se d\u00EDvaj\u00ED na \u0159eku, uvid\u00ED \u010Distou vodu, Pr\u00E9ty vid\u00ED stejnou \u0159eku tekouc\u00ED s averzivn\u00ED l\u00E1tkou, b\u011B\u017En\u00E9 p\u0159\u00EDklady takov\u00FDch viz\u00ED zahrnuj\u00ED hnis a \u0161p\u00EDnu. P\u0159es v\u00EDru a vliv hinduismu a buddhismu ve velk\u00E9 \u010D\u00E1sti Asie Pr\u00E9ta figuruje v\u00FDznamn\u011B v kultur\u00E1ch Indie, Sr\u00ED Lanky, \u010C\u00EDny, Japonska, Koreje, Vietnamu, Tibetu, Thajska, Kambod\u017Ee, Laosu a Myanmaru."@cs . . . "Agui"@en . . "pret"@en . . "\u041F\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0442\u044B (\u043C\u043D. \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u043E \u043E\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924, IAST: preta, \u00AB\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0439\u00BB; \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0438\u043D\u0434. pret, \u00AB\u0443\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439\u00BB, \u00AB\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0446\u00BB, \u00AB\u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u00BB) \u2014 \u0432 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0430 \u0443\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E, \u0431\u0440\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0430\u044F \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u043E\u044F, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0438. \u0421\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0440\u0451\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u2014 \u0438\u0437\u043B\u044E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044C\u043C \u0438 \u0431\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043C. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043B\u044E\u0431\u044F\u0442 \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439."@ru . . "Preta (sanskrit : \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924), peta (p\u0101li), yi-dwag (tib\u00E9tain : \u0F61\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F51\u0FAD\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B), egui (chinois : \u9913\u9B3C ; pinyin : \u00E8gu\u01D0 ; litt. \u00AB goule \u00BB) ou gaki (\u9913\u9B3C), pret (khmer : \u1794\u17D2\u179A\u17C1\u178F) est un terme d\u00E9signant dans l\u2019hindouisme le premier \u00E9tat des tr\u00E9pass\u00E9s, concept repris dans le bouddhisme comme une des voies de la r\u00E9incarnation. Dans les folklores, ce sont des fant\u00F4mes ou de mauvais esprits."@fr . . "pretha"@en . . . . . . . . "\u0EC0\u0E9C\u0E94"@en . . "Preta"@pl . . "\u00C8gu\u01D0"@en . . "\uC544\uADC0"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Dins les mitologies budista, hinduista i jainista, un preta \u00E9s un tipus d'esperit turmentat, l'\u00E0nima d'una persona morta."@ca . "Preta (Sanskrit: \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924, Standard Tibetan: \u0F61\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F51\u0FAD\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B yi dags), also known as hungry ghost, is the Sanskrit name for a type of supernatural being described in Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, and Chinese folk religion as undergoing suffering greater than that of humans, particularly an extreme level of hunger and thirst. They have their origins in Indian religions and have been adopted into East Asian religions via the spread of Buddhism. Preta is often translated into English as \"hungry ghost\" from the Chinese and East Asian adaptations. In early sources such as the Petavatthu, they are much more varied. The descriptions below apply mainly in this narrower context. The development of the concept of the preta started with just thinking that it was the soul and ghost of a person once they died, but later the concept developed into a transient state between death and obtaining karmic reincarnation in accordance with the person's fate. In order to pass into the cycle of karmic reincarnation, the deceased's family must engage in a variety of rituals and offerings to guide the suffering spirit into its next life. If the family does not engage in these funerary rites, which last for one year, the soul could remain suffering as a preta for the rest of eternity. Pretas are believed to have been false, corrupted, compulsive, deceitful, jealous or greedy people in a previous life. As a result of their karma, they are afflicted with an insatiable hunger for a particular substance or object. Traditionally, this is something repugnant or humiliating, such as cadavers or feces, though in more recent stories, it can be anything, however bizarre. In addition to having insatiable hunger for an aversive item, pretas are said to have disturbing visions. Pretas and human beings occupy the same physical space and while humans looking at a river would see clear water, pretas see the same river flowing with an aversive substance, common examples of such visions include pus and filth. Through the belief and influence of Hinduism and Buddhism in much of Asia, preta figure appear prominently in the cultures of India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Tibet, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar."@en . . . "Pr\u00E9ta, tak\u00E9 hladov\u00FD duch, je sanskrtsk\u00E9 jm\u00E9no pro typ nadp\u0159irozen\u00E9 bytosti popsan\u00E9 v hinduismu, buddhismu, taoismu a \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00E9m a vietnamsk\u00E9m lidov\u00E9m n\u00E1bo\u017Eenstv\u00ED jako du\u0161e zem\u0159el\u00E9ho, trp\u00EDc\u00ED hor\u0161\u00EDm utrpen\u00EDm ne\u017E lid\u00E9, zejm\u00E9na extr\u00E9mn\u00EDm hladem a \u017E\u00EDzn\u00ED. Maj\u00ED sv\u016Fj p\u016Fvod v indick\u00FDch n\u00E1bo\u017Eenstv\u00EDch a byli p\u0159ijati do v\u00FDchodoasijsk\u00FDch n\u00E1bo\u017Eenstv\u00ED \u0161\u00ED\u0159en\u00EDm buddhismu. Pr\u00E9ta je \u010Dasto p\u0159elo\u017Eena do \u010De\u0161tiny jako \u201Ehladov\u00FD duch\u201C. V ran\u00FDch zdroj\u00EDch, jako je Petavatthu, jsou mnohem rozmanit\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED. N\u00ED\u017Ee uveden\u00E9 popisy plat\u00ED hlavn\u011B v tomto u\u017E\u0161\u00EDm kontextu. V\u00FDvoj konceptu preta za\u010Dal pouh\u00FDm p\u0159em\u00FD\u0161len\u00EDm, \u017Ee to byla du\u0161e a duch osoby, jakmile zem\u0159ela, ale pozd\u011Bji se koncept vyvinul do p\u0159echodn\u00E9ho stavu mezi smrt\u00ED a z\u00EDsk\u00E1n\u00EDm karmick\u00E9 reinkarnace v souladu s osudem \u010Dlov\u011Bka. Aby mohla rodina zesnul\u00E9ho vstoupit do cyklu kar"@cs . . . "De wereld van de peta (Pali; ook wel preta in Sanskriet) of hongerige geest is een van de 31 bestaansrijken of werelden binnen de traditionele boeddhistische kosmos zoals die in de Abhidhamma van het Theravada beschreven is. Het is ook een van de zes (soms vijf) bestaansrijken van het Levenswiel uit het Tibetaans boeddhisme."@nl . "Preta (em s\u00E2nscrito: \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924, em tibetano: \u0F61\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F51\u0FAD\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B yi dags), tamb\u00E9m conhecido como fantasma faminto, \u00E9 o nome s\u00E2nscrito para um tipo de ser sobrenatural descrito no hindu\u00EDsmo, budismo, tao\u00EDsmo e na religi\u00E3o popular chinesa e vietnamita como algu\u00E9m sofrendo mais que os humanos, particularmente um n\u00EDvel extremo de fome e sede. Eles t\u00EAm suas origens nas religi\u00F5es indianas e foram adotados pelas religi\u00F5es do leste asi\u00E1tico atrav\u00E9s da dissemina\u00E7\u00E3o do budismo. Preta \u00E9 frequentemente traduzido como \" fantasma faminto\" ou \"esp\u00EDrito \u00E1vido\" da adapta\u00E7\u00E3o chinesa. Nas primeiras fontes, como o Petavatthu, eles s\u00E3o muito mais variados. As descri\u00E7\u00F5es abaixo aplicam-se principalmente neste contexto mais restrito. Acredita-se que os pretas tenham sido pessoas falsas, corruptas, compulsivas, enganosas, invejosas ou gananciosas em uma vida anterior. Como resultado de seu carma, eles s\u00E3o afligidos por uma fome insaci\u00E1vel por uma determinada subst\u00E2ncia ou objeto. Tradicionalmente, \u00E9 algo repugnante ou humilhante, como cad\u00E1veres ou fezes, embora, em hist\u00F3rias mais recentes, possa ser qualquer coisa, por mais bizarra que seja. Atrav\u00E9s da cren\u00E7a e influ\u00EAncia do hindu\u00EDsmo e do budismo em grande parte da \u00C1sia, o preta figura com destaque nas culturas da \u00CDndia, Sri Lanka, China, Jap\u00E3o, Coreia, Vietn\u00E3, Tibete, Tail\u00E2ndia, Camboja, Laos e Mianmar."@pt . . "Pr\u00E9ta"@cs . . . . . . . . "\u9913\u9B3C"@zh . . "\u1794\u17D2\u179A\u17C1\u178F"@en . . "De wereld van de peta (Pali; ook wel preta in Sanskriet) of hongerige geest is een van de 31 bestaansrijken of werelden binnen de traditionele boeddhistische kosmos zoals die in de Abhidhamma van het Theravada beschreven is. Het is ook een van de zes (soms vijf) bestaansrijken van het Levenswiel uit het Tibetaans boeddhisme."@nl . . "En el marco de las creencias religiosas budistas, hinduistas y jainistas, un preta es un tipo de esp\u00EDritu atormentado, el alma de un fallecido."@es . "Dins les mitologies budista, hinduista i jainista, un preta \u00E9s un tipus d'esperit turmentat, l'\u00E0nima d'una persona morta."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041F\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0442\u044B (\u043C\u043D. \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u043E \u043E\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924, IAST: preta, \u00AB\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0439\u00BB; \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0438\u043D\u0434. pret, \u00AB\u0443\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439\u00BB, \u00AB\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0446\u00BB, \u00AB\u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u00BB) \u2014 \u0432 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0430 \u0443\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E, \u0431\u0440\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0430\u044F \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u043E\u044F, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0438. \u0412 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0435\u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 (\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439) \u043C\u0438\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u0443\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445, \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 (\u043E\u0442 \u043D\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0434\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430) \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044F \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0435\u0439. \u0417\u0430 \u044D\u0442\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044F\u043C \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043C\u043E \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043E\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B (\u0441\u0430\u043F\u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0443), \u0447\u0442\u043E\u0431\u044B \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044B \u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0431\u0445\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044B \u0428\u0438\u0432\u044B, \u043D\u043E \u0441\u043E\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0441 \u043F\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438 (\u0443\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0431\u044B\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u043D\u0435\u0431\u0435) \u0432 \u043D\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 (\u0420\u0438\u0433\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0430 X, 14, 8). \u0422\u0435\u043C \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0435, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044B \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441 \u0431\u0445\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044F\u043C. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043C\u0438\u0444\u043E\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043A\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E \u0440\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043A\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0433\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445, \u043D\u043E \u043D\u0435 \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043E\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043A\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043A, \u0432 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0438\u0437 \u043C\u0438\u0444\u043E\u0432 \u043E \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043C\u0435, \u043E\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u044D\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044F, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0441\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u044B\u0441\u043B\u0438 \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043C\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043B \u0434\u043E\u0447\u044C \u2014 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044E \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043D\u0449\u0438\u043D\u0443, \u0438 \u0442\u043E\u0442\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0436\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043B \u0435\u0451, \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u0443\u044F\u0441\u044C \u043F\u043E\u0431\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041D\u043E, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043E\u043F\u043B\u043E\u0449\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u044B \u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0442\u044B, \u043E\u043D \u043F\u043E\u043F\u044B\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044C \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u044D\u0442\u043E \u0436\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435. \u0418\u0437 \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0440\u044B\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0442\u0435\u043B\u043E \u0432 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0431\u0435, \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044B. \u0412 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043C\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0438\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0440\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044B \u2014 \u044D\u0442\u043E \u043D\u0438\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u041A\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0416\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0438, \u043D\u0430 \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0435\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u0435\u0438\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0440\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043C\u043E\u0439. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044B \u0437\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u0427\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E, \u043E\u0442\u043A\u0430\u0437\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043C\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044B\u043D\u044E, \u0436\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u0438 \u0442. \u043F. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044B, \u043F\u043E-\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043C\u043E\u043C\u0443, \u0430\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440\u0444\u043D\u044B, \u0442\u0430\u043A \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0438\u043C\u0435\u044E\u0442 \u0433\u043E\u0440\u043B\u043E \u0442\u043E\u043B\u0449\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0433\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0443\u0448\u043A\u043E \u0438 \u0431\u0440\u044E\u0445\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043C\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0441 \u0433\u043E\u0440\u0443, \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044B, \u043D\u0435\u0441\u043C\u043E\u0442\u0440\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u0438\u0449\u0438 \u0432 \u041F\u0438\u0442\u0440-\u043B\u043E\u043A\u0430, \u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u043E\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u044B\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F. \u041E\u043D\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u043D\u044B \u0438\u0441\u043A\u0443\u043F\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0443 \u0438 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u041D\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044B\u0442\u044B\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0438\u0441\u043F\u044B\u0442\u044B\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434 \u0438 \u0436\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0443, \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u043D\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044F. \u0421\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0440\u0451\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u2014 \u0438\u0437\u043B\u044E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044C\u043C \u0438 \u0431\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043C. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043B\u044E\u0431\u044F\u0442 \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439."@ru . . . . "\u9913\u9B3C\uFF08\u304C\u304D\u3001\u68B5: preta\u3001\u5DF4: peta\u3001\u97F3\u5199: \u859C\u8318\u591A\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u4ECF\u6559\u306E\u4E16\u754C\u89B3\u3067\u3042\u308B\u516D\u9053\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u9913\u9B3C\u9053\uFF08\u9913\u9B3C\u306E\u4E16\u754C\uFF09\u306B\u751F\u307E\u308C\u305F\u8005\u3002\u539F\u8A9E\u306E preta \uFF08\u30D7\u30EC\u30FC\u30BF\uFF09\u306F\u304B\u3064\u3066\u306F\u6B7B\u8005\u306E\u970A\u3092\u6307\u3057\u305F\u304C\u3001\u4ECF\u6559\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u8F2A\u5EFB\u8EE2\u751F\u306E\u751F\u5B58\u5F62\u614B\u3067\u3042\u308B\u516D\u9053\u306B\u7D44\u307F\u8FBC\u307E\u308C\u305F\u3002 preta \u306F\u9B3C\u3068\u3082\u8A33\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u9B3C\u306F\u4E2D\u56FD\u8A9E\u3067\u6B7B\u8005\u306E\u970A\u30FB\u4EA1\u970A\u3092\u610F\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u9913\u9B3C\u306F\u3001\u4E09\u9014\u30FB\u4E94\u8DA3\uFF08\u4E94\u9053\uFF09\u30FB\u516D\u8DA3\uFF08\u516D\u9053\uFF09\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u3002\u9913\u9B3C\u306F\u5E38\u306B\u98E2\u3048\u3068\u4E7E\u304D\u306B\u82E6\u3057\u307F\u3001\u98DF\u7269\u3001\u307E\u305F\u98F2\u7269\u3067\u3055\u3048\u3082\u624B\u306B\u53D6\u308B\u3068\u706B\u306B\u5909\u308F\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307E\u3046\u306E\u3067\u3001\u6C7A\u3057\u3066\u6E80\u305F\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u306A\u3044\u3068\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u305F\u3060\u3057\u3001\u5929\u90E8\u3068\u540C\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306B\u798F\u697D\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u308B\u7A2E\u985E\u3082\u3044\u308B\u3068\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . "\u9913\u9B3C"@ja . . . . . . . . . "Peta (geest)"@nl . . "I preta, \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924 (sanscrito letteralmente: \"trapassato\"; in p\u0101li: peta; \u9913\u9B3C - letteralmente: \"spirito affamato\": in cinese: \u00E8gu\u01D0; coreano: \uC544\uADC0, agwi, giapponese: gaki; vietnamita: ng\u1EA1 qu\u1EF7; tibetano: yi dvags \u0F61\u0F72 \u0F51\u0F42\u0F66; inglese: hungry ghosts) nel buddhismo sono degli esseri rinati in una condizione inferiore a quella umana e a quella animale a causa del loro comportamento dettato da avarizia o gelosia. La pi\u00F9 antica citazione buddhista risale al Petavatthu (I racconti degli spiriti), contenuto nel Sutta Pi\u1E6Daka sezione Khuddaka Nik\u0101ya."@it . . . . . "\u1015\u103C\u102D\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102C"@en . "Preta"@it . "\u041F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438"@uk . "Preta (entidade)"@pt . "Chinese folk religion"@en . . . . . . . "\u9913\u9B3C"@en . "Preta"@en . . . "\u041F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044B"@ru . . . . . "\u9913\u9B3C\uFF08\u304C\u304D\u3001\u68B5: preta\u3001\u5DF4: peta\u3001\u97F3\u5199: \u859C\u8318\u591A\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u4ECF\u6559\u306E\u4E16\u754C\u89B3\u3067\u3042\u308B\u516D\u9053\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u9913\u9B3C\u9053\uFF08\u9913\u9B3C\u306E\u4E16\u754C\uFF09\u306B\u751F\u307E\u308C\u305F\u8005\u3002\u539F\u8A9E\u306E preta \uFF08\u30D7\u30EC\u30FC\u30BF\uFF09\u306F\u304B\u3064\u3066\u306F\u6B7B\u8005\u306E\u970A\u3092\u6307\u3057\u305F\u304C\u3001\u4ECF\u6559\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u8F2A\u5EFB\u8EE2\u751F\u306E\u751F\u5B58\u5F62\u614B\u3067\u3042\u308B\u516D\u9053\u306B\u7D44\u307F\u8FBC\u307E\u308C\u305F\u3002 preta \u306F\u9B3C\u3068\u3082\u8A33\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u9B3C\u306F\u4E2D\u56FD\u8A9E\u3067\u6B7B\u8005\u306E\u970A\u30FB\u4EA1\u970A\u3092\u610F\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u9913\u9B3C\u306F\u3001\u4E09\u9014\u30FB\u4E94\u8DA3\uFF08\u4E94\u9053\uFF09\u30FB\u516D\u8DA3\uFF08\u516D\u9053\uFF09\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u3002\u9913\u9B3C\u306F\u5E38\u306B\u98E2\u3048\u3068\u4E7E\u304D\u306B\u82E6\u3057\u307F\u3001\u98DF\u7269\u3001\u307E\u305F\u98F2\u7269\u3067\u3055\u3048\u3082\u624B\u306B\u53D6\u308B\u3068\u706B\u306B\u5909\u308F\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307E\u3046\u306E\u3067\u3001\u6C7A\u3057\u3066\u6E80\u305F\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u306A\u3044\u3068\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u305F\u3060\u3057\u3001\u5929\u90E8\u3068\u540C\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306B\u798F\u697D\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u308B\u7A2E\u985E\u3082\u3044\u308B\u3068\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . "\u0DB4\u0DCA\u200D\u0DBB\u0DDA\u0DAD"@en . . "Ancestor spirits, krasue"@en . "( \uC5B4\uB958\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC544\uADC0 \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uC544\uADC0\uB3C4(\u9913\u9B3C\u9053)\uB294 \uBD88\uAD50\uC5D0\uC11C \uC721\uB3C4\uC724\uD68C \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . . "Preta (Sanskrit: \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924, Standard Tibetan: \u0F61\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F51\u0FAD\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B yi dags), also known as hungry ghost, is the Sanskrit name for a type of supernatural being described in Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, and Chinese folk religion as undergoing suffering greater than that of humans, particularly an extreme level of hunger and thirst. They have their origins in Indian religions and have been adopted into East Asian religions via the spread of Buddhism. Preta is often translated into English as \"hungry ghost\" from the Chinese and East Asian adaptations. In early sources such as the Petavatthu, they are much more varied. The descriptions below apply mainly in this narrower context. The development of the concept of the preta started with just thinking that it was the soul and ghost of a person once they died, but"@en . . . . . . . . "\u9913\u9B3C\uFF08\u68B5\u8A9E\uFF1A\u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924\uFF0CPreta\uFF1B\u5DF4\u5229\u8A9E\uFF1APeta\uFF09\uFF0C\u53C8\u7A31\u7956\u7236\u9B3C\uFF08\u68B5\u8BED\uFF1A\uFF0C\u4E49\u7232\u7236\u8F88\u3001\u7236\u7CFB\uFF0C\u548C\u82F1\u6587father\u540C\u8A5E\u6E90\uFF09\u6216\u9B3C\uFF0C\u97F3\u8B6F\u859C\u8318\u591A\u3001\u9589\u623E\u591A\u3001\u5351\u5E1D\u9ECE\u7B49\uFF0C\u672C\u81EA\u65BC\u5370\u5EA6\u56FA\u6709\u7684\u6B7B\u5F8C\u4FE1\u4EF0\uFF0C\u800C\u53C8\u70BA\u4F5B\u6559\u6240\u52A0\u4EE5\u689D\u7406\u7C21\u5225\uFF0C\u6210\u70BA\u985E\u4F3C\u65BC\u9B51\u9B45\u9B4D\u9B4E\u7684\u9B3C\u795E\u7CBE\u602A\uFF0C\u5E38\u70BA\u5929\u4EBA\uFF08Deva\uFF0C\u63D0\u5A46\uFF09\u6240\u9A45\u4F7F\u3002\u6839\u64DA\u5370\u5EA6\u50B3\u8AAA\uFF0C\u4E16\u754C\u6700\u521D\u7684\u9B3C\u738B\uFF0C\u540D\u9589\u591A\uFF0C\u662F\u7236\u6216\u7956\u7236\uFF08\u8001\u7956\u5B97\uFF09\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u9589\u623E\u591A\u662F\u7236\u6216\u7956\u7236\u6240\u6709\u7684\u610F\u601D\u3002\u5F8C\u4F86\u7684\u9B3C\u738B\uFF0C\u540D\u70BA\u95BB\u9B54\u7F85\u738B\uFF08Yamaraja\uFF0C\u6216\u8B6F\u7430\u9B54\u3001\u95BB\u9B54\u3001\u95BB\u7F85\uFF0C\u7C21\u7A31\u95BB\u738B\uFF09\u3002 \u9B3C\u2500\u2500\u859C\u8318\u591A\u5206\u4E8C\u985E\uFF1A\u4E00\u3001\u4F4F\u5728\u95BB\u9B54\u7F85\u738B\u4E16\u754C\u4E26\u7531\u5176\u6CBB\u7406\u7684\uFF1B\u4E8C\u3001\u6563\u5728\u4EBA\u9593\u7684\uFF0C\u591A\u6578\u5F85\u5728\u6A39\u6797\u4E2D\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u7A31\u6A39\u6797\u70BA\u300C\u9B3C\u6751\u300D\u3002\u5F8C\u8005\u751F\u6D3B\u5728\u4EBA\u985E\u5468\u570D\uFF0C\u4F46\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u4EBA\u7121\u6CD5\u898B\u5230\u3002\u7D55\u5927\u591A\u6578\u7684\u9B3C\u751F\u6D3B\u98E2\u9949\u8CA7\u4E4F\uFF0C\u7121\u4EBA\uFF08\u6216\u7121\u6CD5\u63A5\u53D7\uFF09\u65BD\u98DF\uFF0C\u8CAA\u5A6A\u591A\u6B32\uFF0C\u6C38\u9060\u7121\u6CD5\u6EFF\u8DB3\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u7C60\u7D71\u7A31\u4E4B\u70BA\u9913\u9B3C\u3002\u6B64\u822C\u9913\u9B3C\u6240\u5C45\u7684\u4E16\u754C\u7A31\u70BA\u997F\u9B3C\u9053\uFF08\u6216\u7A31\u4E4B\u70BA\u9B3C\u795E\u9053\u3001\u9B3C\u9053\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u516D\u9053\u8F6E\u56DE\u4E2D\u7684\u60E1\u8DA3\uFF0C\u4EE3\u8868\u8457\u4E09\u4E0D\u5584\u6839\u4E2D\u7684\u8CAA\u6B32\u3002 \u96D6\u7136\u5F80\u5F80\u7FFB\u8B6F\u70BA\u300C\u9913\u9B3C\u300D\uFF0C\u4F46\u5176\u5BE6\u9B3C\u9053\u773E\u751F\u4E0D\u4E00\u5B9A\u98E2\u9913\uFF0C\u5176\u4E2D\u4E5F\u6709\u5BCC\u88D5\u5962\u83EF\u751A\u81F3\u6709\u5927\u795E\u901A\u8005\uFF0C\u5176\u798F\u5831\u8207\u6CD5\u529B\u751A\u81F3\u8D85\u904E\u5929\u4EBA\uFF0C\u5982\u9CE9\u69C3\u837C\uFF08\u591A\u8CA1\u9B3C\uFF09\u3001\u591C\u53C9\uFF08\u52C7\u5065\u9B3C\uFF09\u3001\u7F85\u524E\uFF08\u5147\u60E1\u9B3C\uFF09\uFF0C\u88AB\u4F5B\u6559\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u5177\u6709\u5927\u80FD\u529B\u7684\u9B3C\u738B\u3002"@zh . . "\u1015\u103C\u102D\u102F\u1010\u103A"@en . . "( \uC5B4\uB958\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC544\uADC0 \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uC544\uADC0\uB3C4(\u9913\u9B3C\u9053)\uB294 \uBD88\uAD50\uC5D0\uC11C \uC721\uB3C4\uC724\uD68C \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . "\uC544\uADC0\uB3C4"@ko . "I preta, \u092A\u094D\u0930\u0947\u0924 (sanscrito letteralmente: \"trapassato\"; in p\u0101li: peta; \u9913\u9B3C - letteralmente: \"spirito affamato\": in cinese: \u00E8gu\u01D0; coreano: \uC544\uADC0, agwi, giapponese: gaki; vietnamita: ng\u1EA1 qu\u1EF7; tibetano: yi dvags \u0F61\u0F72 \u0F51\u0F42\u0F66; inglese: hungry ghosts) nel buddhismo sono degli esseri rinati in una condizione inferiore a quella umana e a quella animale a causa del loro comportamento dettato da avarizia o gelosia. La pi\u00F9 antica citazione buddhista risale al Petavatthu (I racconti degli spiriti), contenuto nel Sutta Pi\u1E6Daka sezione Khuddaka Nik\u0101ya. I preta sono raffigurati generalmente con colli e bocche piccolissimi e grandi ventri, a significare l'ingordigia del desiderio (\u1E6D\u1E5F\u1E63\u1E47\u0101: attaccamento, brama) che li ha condotti alla loro esistenza, perpetuamente inappagata dal desiderio di cibo. A seconda delle tradizioni sono descritti impossibilitati a cibarsi (il cibo si trasforma in braci al contatto con la bocca) o a trovare come alimento solo feci. Si considerano vagare, invisibili ai pi\u00F9, nel mondo umano, ma talora anche partecipare dei tormenti nel Naraka. A loro beneficio, e a beneficio degli esseri senzienti precipitati nel Naraka, nei paesi buddhisti Mah\u0101y\u0101na, ogni anno si tiene la festa di Ullambana. Tradizionalmente nel mondo buddhista si identifica un mondo, o uno stato, specifico per i preta, il \"Mondo dei Preta\" appunto nella ripartizione sestuplice dei mondi dell'esistenza. Da questa ripartizione classica, nel buddhismo Ti\u0101nt\u00E1i si aggiunsero altre suddivisioni che portarono, nella dottrina del Y\u012Bni\u00E0n s\u0101nqi\u0101n, a dieci il numero complessivo, in cui comunque non viene a mancare la condizione di preta."@it . . . . . "\u0F61\u0F72\u0F0B\u0F51\u0FAD\u0F42\u0F66\u0F0B"@en . "peta"@en . . .