"Handelsmarke"@de . "\u0421\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430, \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430, \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. private label) \u2014 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430, \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0446\u0435\u043C \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044C (\u0441\u0443\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0442, \u0433\u0438\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0442). \u0421\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0438, \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u043D\u0430\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C, \u043A\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u0446\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C. \u0412 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043C\u043E\u0449\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043C\u044B\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044F\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044B \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F\u0445, \u043D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043A."@ru . . "\u0421\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430"@ru . . . "1124525172"^^ . . "\u81EA\u6709\u54C1\u724C"@zh . . . . . . "\u30D7\u30E9\u30A4\u30D9\u30FC\u30C8\u30D6\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u3068\u306F\u3001\u5C0F\u58F2\u5E97\u30FB\u5378\u58F2\u696D\u8005\u304C\u4F01\u753B\u3057\u3001\u72EC\u81EA\u306E\u30D6\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\uFF08\u5546\u6A19\uFF09\u3067\u8CA9\u58F2\u3059\u308B\u5546\u54C1\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u5177\u4F53\u7684\u306B\u306F\u3001\u6D41\u901A\u696D\u8005\u306E\u4E3B\u5C0E\u6A29\u306E\u3082\u3068\u3067\u88FD\u9020\u696D\u8005\u306A\u3069\u3068\u9023\u643A\u3057\u3066\u958B\u767A\u3057\u3001\u751F\u7523\u3055\u308C\u308B\u72EC\u81EA\u30D6\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u306E\u5546\u54C1\u3092\u4F4E\u4FA1\u683C\u3067\u8CA9\u58F2\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30CA\u30B7\u30E7\u30CA\u30EB\u30D6\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\uFF08NB\uFF09\u306E\u5BFE\u7FA9\u8A9E\u3002 PB\u3068\u7565\u3055\u308C\u3001\u5225\u540D\u300C\u30B9\u30C8\u30A2\u30D6\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u300D\u3001\u65E5\u672C\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u300C\u81EA\u4E3B\u4F01\u753B\u5546\u54C1\u300D\u3068\u548C\u8A33\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . "Priv\u00E1tn\u00ED zna\u010Dka je ozna\u010Den\u00ED pro v\u00FDrobky a slu\u017Eby, kter\u00E9 vytv\u00E1\u0159\u00ED v\u00FDrobce pro jinou spole\u010Dnost, kter\u00E1 ji nab\u00EDz\u00ED pod svou zna\u010Dkou. V\u011Bt\u0161inou jde o obchodn\u00EDky a dal\u0161\u00ED \u010Dleny distribu\u010Dn\u00EDho \u0159et\u011Bzce. Vznik, pl\u00E1nov\u00E1n\u00ED, rozvoj a \u0159\u00EDzen\u00ED priv\u00E1tn\u00ED zna\u010Dky prob\u00EDh\u00E1 dohledem vlastn\u00EDka a v\u00FDrobce se vzd\u00E1v\u00E1 sv\u00E9 identity ve prosp\u011Bch obchodn\u00EDch subjekt\u016F. Pro obchodn\u00EDka jsou priv\u00E1tn\u00ED zna\u010Dky v\u00FDhodn\u00E9, nebo\u0165 mu umo\u017E\u0148uj\u00ED odli\u0161it se od konkurence, zhodnotit image firmy, zlep\u0161it loajalitu z\u00E1kazn\u00EDk\u016F, z\u00EDskat v\u00FDhodn\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED pozici v odb\u011Bratelsk\u00FDch vztaz\u00EDch a samostatn\u011B rozhodovat o cen\u00E1ch, \u010D\u00EDm\u017E m\u016F\u017Ee m\u00EDt obchodn\u00EDk vy\u0161\u0161\u00ED mar\u017Ei. Oproti b\u011B\u017En\u00FDm zna\u010Dk\u00E1m m\u00EDvaj\u00ED ni\u017E\u0161\u00ED n\u00E1klady na v\u00FDrobu a prodej a prod\u00E1vaj\u00ED se za v\u00FDhodn\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED ceny proti konkurenci. Ceny v\u00FDrobk\u016F s priv\u00E1tn\u00ED a v\u00FDrobn\u00ED zna\u010Dkou se pr\u016Fm\u011Brn\u011B li\u0161\u00ED v rozmez\u00ED 20\u201340 %. Pou\u017E\u00EDvaj\u00ED se i n\u00E1zvy maloobchodn\u00ED zna\u010Dka, vlastn\u00ED zna\u010Dka, vlastn\u00ED zna\u010Dka distributora, soukrom\u00E1 zna\u010Dka \u010Di obchodn\u00ED zna\u010Dka, v angli\u010Dtin\u011B pak private labels, own brands, home brands \u010Di store brand."@cs . . "33292"^^ . . . "\u0412\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430"@uk . "A Marca pr\u00F3pria (portugu\u00EAs brasileiro) ou marca branca (portugu\u00EAs europeu), tamb\u00E9m conhecida como marca de distribuidor (MDD), \u00E9 aquela que pertence a um distribuidor e que \u00E9 comercializada em exclusiva atrav\u00E9s das suas lojas ou as da rede do grupo."@pt . . "Priv\u00E1tn\u00ED zna\u010Dka je ozna\u010Den\u00ED pro v\u00FDrobky a slu\u017Eby, kter\u00E9 vytv\u00E1\u0159\u00ED v\u00FDrobce pro jinou spole\u010Dnost, kter\u00E1 ji nab\u00EDz\u00ED pod svou zna\u010Dkou. V\u011Bt\u0161inou jde o obchodn\u00EDky a dal\u0161\u00ED \u010Dleny distribu\u010Dn\u00EDho \u0159et\u011Bzce. Vznik, pl\u00E1nov\u00E1n\u00ED, rozvoj a \u0159\u00EDzen\u00ED priv\u00E1tn\u00ED zna\u010Dky prob\u00EDh\u00E1 dohledem vlastn\u00EDka a v\u00FDrobce se vzd\u00E1v\u00E1 sv\u00E9 identity ve prosp\u011Bch obchodn\u00EDch subjekt\u016F. Pro obchodn\u00EDka jsou priv\u00E1tn\u00ED zna\u010Dky v\u00FDhodn\u00E9, nebo\u0165 mu umo\u017E\u0148uj\u00ED odli\u0161it se od konkurence, zhodnotit image firmy, zlep\u0161it loajalitu z\u00E1kazn\u00EDk\u016F, z\u00EDskat v\u00FDhodn\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED pozici v odb\u011Bratelsk\u00FDch vztaz\u00EDch a samostatn\u011B rozhodovat o cen\u00E1ch, \u010D\u00EDm\u017E m\u016F\u017Ee m\u00EDt obchodn\u00EDk vy\u0161\u0161\u00ED mar\u017Ei. Oproti b\u011B\u017En\u00FDm zna\u010Dk\u00E1m m\u00EDvaj\u00ED ni\u017E\u0161\u00ED n\u00E1klady na v\u00FDrobu a prodej a prod\u00E1vaj\u00ED se za v\u00FDhodn\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED ceny proti konkurenci. Ceny v\u00FDrobk\u016F s priv\u00E1tn\u00ED a v\u00FDrobn\u00ED zna\u010Dkou se pr\u016Fm\u011Brn\u011B li\u0161\u00ED v rozmez\u00ED 20\u201340 %."@cs . "\u30D7\u30E9\u30A4\u30D9\u30FC\u30C8\u30D6\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9"@ja . . . "\u0412\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Private Label) \u2014 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0433\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u043E\u044E \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0431\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0456\u043D\u0448\u043E\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457. \u041F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043A \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0448\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u0443 \u043C\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0443. \u0420\u0435\u0454\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0438 \u0454 \u0456\u043D\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u2014 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0447\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0446\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u043D\u0430\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0456 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044C \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0443 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u0432\u0438\u043F\u0443\u0441\u043A\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0456."@uk . . . . . . . . . . "Egna m\u00E4rkesvaror"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . "\u81EA\u6709\u54C1\u724C\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1APrivate Brand\uFF09\u662F\u6307\u7269\u6D41\u96C6\u5718\u7684\u6210\u54E1\uFF08\u901A\u5E38\u70BA\u5927\u578B\u9023\u9396\u96F6\u552E\u5546\uFF09\uFF0C\u4EE5\u81EA\u8EAB\u7684\u92B7\u552E\u80FD\u529B\u70BA\u652F\u63F4\uFF0C\u8207\u88FD\u9020\u5546\u7C3D\u7D04\u5927\u91CF\u9032\u8CA8\uFF0C\u6216\u8207\u88FD\u9020\u5546\u5408\u4F5C\u81EA\u884C\u958B\u767C\u5546\u54C1\uFF0C\u4E26\u5728\u4E0A\u9762\u653E\u7F6E\u5546\u5E97\u81EA\u6709\u5546\u6A19\u7684\u5546\u54C1\uFF0C\u901A\u5E38\u662F\u8A72\u5546\u5E97\u7684\u5C08\u7528\u548C\u7368\u5BB6\u5546\u54C1\u3002 \u53E6\u5916\uFF0C\u6709\u4E9B\u4EE5\u5F80\u5F9E\u4E8BOEM\u3001ODM\u6216EMS\u7B49\u4EE3\u5DE5\u670D\u52D9\u7684\u88FD\u9020\u5546\uFF0C\u4E5F\u53EF\u80FD\u6703\u751F\u7522\u81EA\u6709\u54C1\u724C\u7684\u7522\u54C1\u9032\u884C\u92B7\u552E\u3002 \u5546\u54C1\u7A2E\u985E\u5305\u542B\u98DF\u54C1\u3001\u65E5\u7528\u54C1\u3001\u8863\u7269\u3001\u5BB6\u96FB\u88FD\u54C1\u3001\u6C7D\u8ECA\u53CA3C\u5546\u54C1\u7B49\u3002\u9019\u500B\u7B56\u7565\u53EA\u5C0D\u4E00\u5B9A\u898F\u6A21\u4EE5\u4E0A\u7684\u96F6\u552E\u5546\u6709\u6240\u6548\u7528\u3002"@zh . . . . "Marca pr\u00F3pria"@pt . 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"Private label"@it . . . "\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062C\u0631"@ar . "Egna m\u00E4rkesvaror (\u00E4ven distribut\u00F6rsm\u00E4rken, EMV, egna varum\u00E4rken, private label, private brand med mera) kallas produkter som detaljhandeln s\u00E4ljer under eget varum\u00E4rke, men inte tillverkar sj\u00E4lva. De l\u00E5ter ist\u00E4llet en leverant\u00F6r tillverka varorna \u00E5t dem. EMV f\u00F6rekommer fr\u00E4mst i specialbutiker som Hennes & Mauritz och Ikea, men har under de senaste tio \u00E5ren tagit en allt st\u00F6rre plats i dagligvaruhandeln, som till exempel ICA. N\u00E5gra f\u00F6rdelar med EMV f\u00F6r distribut\u00F6ren \u00E4r: \n* st\u00F6rre frihet och flexibilitet vad g\u00E4ller priss\u00E4ttning. \n* st\u00F6rre marginaler vilket ger h\u00F6gre vinst. \n* skapa prispress p\u00E5 icke EMV-varor. \n* man slipper betala f\u00F6r producentens marknadsf\u00F6ringskostnader. \n* m\u00F6jlighet till st\u00F6rre kontroll \u00F6ver produkters egenskaper och kvalitet. M\u00E5nga menar att det \u00F6kade utbudet av egna m\u00E4rkesvaror tr\u00E4nger ut de mindre tillverkarna fr\u00E5n marknaden och att det s\u00E5ledes inte leder till \u00F6kad konkurrens."@sv . . "A Marca pr\u00F3pria (portugu\u00EAs brasileiro) ou marca branca (portugu\u00EAs europeu), tamb\u00E9m conhecida como marca de distribuidor (MDD), \u00E9 aquela que pertence a um distribuidor e que \u00E9 comercializada em exclusiva atrav\u00E9s das suas lojas ou as da rede do grupo."@pt . "876132"^^ . . . . "\u81EA\u6709\u54C1\u724C\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1APrivate Brand\uFF09\u662F\u6307\u7269\u6D41\u96C6\u5718\u7684\u6210\u54E1\uFF08\u901A\u5E38\u70BA\u5927\u578B\u9023\u9396\u96F6\u552E\u5546\uFF09\uFF0C\u4EE5\u81EA\u8EAB\u7684\u92B7\u552E\u80FD\u529B\u70BA\u652F\u63F4\uFF0C\u8207\u88FD\u9020\u5546\u7C3D\u7D04\u5927\u91CF\u9032\u8CA8\uFF0C\u6216\u8207\u88FD\u9020\u5546\u5408\u4F5C\u81EA\u884C\u958B\u767C\u5546\u54C1\uFF0C\u4E26\u5728\u4E0A\u9762\u653E\u7F6E\u5546\u5E97\u81EA\u6709\u5546\u6A19\u7684\u5546\u54C1\uFF0C\u901A\u5E38\u662F\u8A72\u5546\u5E97\u7684\u5C08\u7528\u548C\u7368\u5BB6\u5546\u54C1\u3002 \u53E6\u5916\uFF0C\u6709\u4E9B\u4EE5\u5F80\u5F9E\u4E8BOEM\u3001ODM\u6216EMS\u7B49\u4EE3\u5DE5\u670D\u52D9\u7684\u88FD\u9020\u5546\uFF0C\u4E5F\u53EF\u80FD\u6703\u751F\u7522\u81EA\u6709\u54C1\u724C\u7684\u7522\u54C1\u9032\u884C\u92B7\u552E\u3002 \u5546\u54C1\u7A2E\u985E\u5305\u542B\u98DF\u54C1\u3001\u65E5\u7528\u54C1\u3001\u8863\u7269\u3001\u5BB6\u96FB\u88FD\u54C1\u3001\u6C7D\u8ECA\u53CA3C\u5546\u54C1\u7B49\u3002\u9019\u500B\u7B56\u7565\u53EA\u5C0D\u4E00\u5B9A\u898F\u6A21\u4EE5\u4E0A\u7684\u96F6\u552E\u5546\u6709\u6240\u6548\u7528\u3002"@zh . . . "\uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488(\uC601\uC5B4: private label product, store brand, own brand)\uC740 \uC5B4\uB5A4 \uAE30\uC5C5\uC774 \uC0DD\uC0B0\uD558\uAC70\uB098 \uC81C\uACF5\uD558\uB294 \uC81C\uD488\uC5D0 \uB2E4\uB978 \uAE30\uC5C5\uC758 \uC0C1\uD45C\uB97C \uBD99\uC778 \uC81C\uD488\uC744 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC2DD\uD488\uC5D0\uC11C\uBD80\uD130 \uD654\uC7A5\uD488, \uC6F9 \uD638\uC2A4\uD305\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488\uC758 \uBC94\uC704\uB3C4 \uB113\uC740 \uD3B8\uC774\uB2E4. \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488\uC740 \uC720\uD1B5\uC5C5\uCCB4\uAC00 \uC81C\uC870\uC5C5\uCCB4\uC640 \uC9C1\uC811 \uACC4\uC57D\uC744 \uB9FA\uC5B4 \uC720\uD1B5\uAD6C\uC870\uAC00 \uC0C1\uB300\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uB2E8\uC21C\uD558\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0 \uAC01 \uC720\uD1B5 \uB2E8\uACC4\uBCC4\uB85C \uB4E4\uC5B4\uAC00\uC57C \uD558\uB294 \uC911\uAC04 \uC720\uD1B5 \uB9C8\uC9C4\uC774 \uC904\uC5B4\uB4E4\uACE0, \uB9C8\uCF00\uD305 \uBE44\uC6A9\uC774 \uB4E4\uC9C0 \uC54A\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0 \uC18C\uBE44\uC790\uC758 \uC120\uD0DD\uD3ED\uC774 \uB2E4\uC591\uD574\uC9C0\uACE0 \uC800\uB834\uD558\uAC8C \uAD6C\uC785\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70 \uC77C\uBC18 \uBE0C\uB79C\uB4DC\uC5D0\uC11C \uAD6C\uD560 \uC218 \uC5C6\uB294 \uC0C1\uD488\uB4E4\uC744 \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488\uC73C\uB85C \uAD6C\uD560 \uC218\uB3C4 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC720\uD1B5\uC5C5\uCCB4\uB294 \uC0C1\uD488\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC18C\uBE44\uC790\uC758 \uD3C9\uAC00\uB97C \uBE60\uB974\uAC8C \uD30C\uC545\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uC81C\uC870\uC5C5\uCCB4\uB294 \uC720\uD1B5\uC5C5\uCCB4\uAC00 \uBCF4\uC720\uD55C \uAD11\uB300\uD55C \uC720\uD1B5\uB9DD\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uAD6D\uB0B4 \uB610\uB294 \uD574\uC678\uC5D0 \uD310\uB9E4\uD560 \uC0C1\uD488\uC744 \uAC1C\uBC1C\uD574 \uD310\uB9E4\uD560 \uAE30\uD68C\uB97C \uC5BB\uC744 \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4\uB294 \uC7A5\uC810\uC774 \uC788\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . 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"Le private label o marche private, sono prodotti o servizi solitamente realizzati o forniti da societ\u00E0 terze (fornitore di marca industriale o terzista vera e propria) e venduti con il marchio della societ\u00E0 che vende/offre il prodotto/servizio (Distributore). Nel passato erano anche chiamati \"white label\" (etichette bianche) in quanto la marca offerta da Sainsbury's (catena di supermercati inglese) era appunto un'etichetta bianca su cui era scritto il semplice nome del prodotto."@it . "A private label, also called a private brand or private-label brand, is a brand owned by a company, offered by that company alongside and competing with brands from other businesses. A private-label brand is almost always offered exclusively by the firm that owns it, although in rare instances the brand is licensed to another company. The brand usually consists of products, but can also encompass services."@en . . . . . . . . . "Private label is een concept waarbij producten of diensten worden geproduceerd door een bepaald bedrijf, om op de markt te worden gebracht door een ander bedrijf onder diens eigen merknaam. Private label wordt toegepast in een groot aantal marktsegmenten, zoals kruidenierswaren, cosmetica, mobiele telefonie, webhosting etc. De producten worden vaak aangeboden als lager geprijsde alternatieven voor bekende merkproducten. Een voorbeeld van de toepassing van private label is een huismerk van een supermarkt. Deze huismerken verschuiven in toenemende mate naar een gelaagde prijspositionering: Low budget voor de krappe portemonnee, value-for-money als alternatief voor A-merken, een premiumlijn met speciale varianten, biologisch. Een ander voorbeeld zijn de elektrische (huishoudelijke) apparaten van HEMA. Of de huismerk-machines van Praxis, Karwei en Gamma. Dergelijke bedrijven maken zelf deze apparaten en machines niet. Die worden daadwerkelijk elders - veelal in China - gefabriceerd."@nl . . . . "Als Handelsmarke (auch Eigenmarke, engl. private label) bezeichnet man Produkte und Produktreihen (Markenwaren), deren Markenzeichen sich in der Inhaberschaft eines Handelsunternehmens bzw. einer Handelsorganisation befinden. Bei kleineren Betrieben ist auch von einer Hausmarke die Rede. Sie werden in der Regel nur in eigenen Betrieben des Markeneigners oder in den einer Verbundgruppe des Handels angeschlossenen Einzelhandelsbetrieben abgesetzt."@de . . . . "Marque de distributeur"@fr . . "Private label is een concept waarbij producten of diensten worden geproduceerd door een bepaald bedrijf, om op de markt te worden gebracht door een ander bedrijf onder diens eigen merknaam. Private label wordt toegepast in een groot aantal marktsegmenten, zoals kruidenierswaren, cosmetica, mobiele telefonie, webhosting etc. De producten worden vaak aangeboden als lager geprijsde alternatieven voor bekende merkproducten."@nl . . "Marka zuria edo banatzailearen marka produktuak eta zerbitzuak banatzailearen markaz soilik eskaintzen direnak dira, banatzaileak zehaztapen eta kalitate maila jakinekin beste fabrikatzaileei egindako enkarguz ekoiztu direnak. Gehienetan, ezaugarri bereko beste produktuak baino prezio merkeagoan saltzen dira."@eu . . . "Una marca blanca, tamb\u00E9 anomenada marca del distribu\u00EFdor o marca gen\u00E8rica, \u00E9s la marca pertanyent a una cadena de distribuci\u00F3 (generalment, h\u00EDpers o supermercat, per\u00F2 tamb\u00E9 de ) amb la qual es venen productes de diferents fabricants.Les marques blanques s'han considerat tradicionalment una estrat\u00E8gia B2C (abreviatura de Business-to-customer, \u00ABdel negoci al client\u00BB, en angl\u00E8s). A m\u00E9s a m\u00E9s, les botigues descompte aposten per les marques del distribu\u00EFdor amb una excel\u00B7lent relaci\u00F3 qualitat/preu. Una altra estrat\u00E8gia especialment en \"l\u00EDnia blanca\" i \"l\u00EDnia marr\u00F3\", van ser les \"segones marques\". S\u00F3n conegudes les \"segones marques\" d'un gran fabricant venent productes semblants a un preu m\u00E9s competitiu com per exemple Radiola i Askar que eren segones marques de Philips."@ca . . . . . "Als Handelsmarke (auch Eigenmarke, engl. private label) bezeichnet man Produkte und Produktreihen (Markenwaren), deren Markenzeichen sich in der Inhaberschaft eines Handelsunternehmens bzw. einer Handelsorganisation befinden. Bei kleineren Betrieben ist auch von einer Hausmarke die Rede. Sie werden in der Regel nur in eigenen Betrieben des Markeneigners oder in den einer Verbundgruppe des Handels angeschlossenen Einzelhandelsbetrieben abgesetzt."@de . "Le private label o marche private, sono prodotti o servizi solitamente realizzati o forniti da societ\u00E0 terze (fornitore di marca industriale o terzista vera e propria) e venduti con il marchio della societ\u00E0 che vende/offre il prodotto/servizio (Distributore). Nel passato erano anche chiamati \"white label\" (etichette bianche) in quanto la marca offerta da Sainsbury's (catena di supermercati inglese) era appunto un'etichetta bianca su cui era scritto il semplice nome del prodotto. Questa tipologia di prodotti, non avendo la componente del costo di marketing tipico dell'industria di marca, permette al distributore di incassare margini pi\u00F9 alti, rispetto agli analoghi prodotti di marca, e al consumatore di portare a casa un prodotto di qualit\u00E0 assimilabile a quella di marca a costi pi\u00F9 contenuti. Molto spesso la fabbricazione dei prodotti \u00E8 affidata a produttori di fiducia allo scopo di sviluppare le autonomie industriali locali e, inoltre, permettono di saltare l'anello del grossista, determinando prezzi concorrenziali di vendita. La marca privata, se sfruttata correttamente, \u00E8 una leva di marketing in pi\u00F9 nelle mani del distributore. Con essa si pu\u00F2 rafforzare agli occhi del consumatore l'immagine dell'insegna, della sua convenienza e/o della sua qualit\u00E0. Le private label possono nascere sia nell'ambito della Grande Distribuzione (GD), favorendo produzioni a marchio di una catena (Coop, Carrefour ecc...) sia nell'ambito della Distribuzione Organizzata (DO), favorendo produzioni a marchio di un gruppo d'acquisto (Despar, Gruppo V\u00E9G\u00E9 ecc...). Ovviamente tutti questi prodotti possono essere smerciati unicamente nella catena o nel gruppo d'acquisto di cui al marchio, portando anche ad una sorta di esclusivit\u00E0 del punto vendita."@it . . "Una marca blanca, tambi\u00E9n denominada marca del distribuidor (MDD) o marca propia, identifica a los productos pertenecientes a una cadena de distribuci\u00F3n (generalmente, h\u00EDper o supermercado, pero tambi\u00E9n de gran distribuci\u00F3n especializada), los cuales se comercializan exclusivamente en sus establecimientos o en los vinculados al grupo. Las marcas blancas se han considerado tradicionalmente una estrategia B2C (abreviatura de Business-to-customer, \u2018del negocio al cliente\u2019, en ingl\u00E9s). Adem\u00E1s, las tiendas descuento apuestan por las marcas del distribuidor con una mejor relaci\u00F3n calidad/precio."@es . "Private label"@en . . . "A private label, also called a private brand or private-label brand, is a brand owned by a company, offered by that company alongside and competing with brands from other businesses. A private-label brand is almost always offered exclusively by the firm that owns it, although in rare instances the brand is licensed to another company. The brand usually consists of products, but can also encompass services. Private labels typically involve outsourcing, in which company A hires company B to provide them with a product or service, which is then offered under a brand name of company A. This is how the term private label is usually defined. However, it is also possible that company A owns company B. For example, in 2018, The Kroger Company had 60% of its private brands produced by third parties; the remaining 40% was manufactured internally by plants owned by Kroger. Private-label producers are usually anonymous, sometimes by contract. In other cases, they are allowed to mention their role publicly. The term private label originated in retail, but has since been used in other industries as well. Probably the best known private-label brands are store brands, which are managed by supermarket and grocery store chains. Examples are Simple Truth by Kroger and Great Value by Wal-Mart. Store brands compete with national brands or name brands, like Coca-Cola or Lay's. The term private-label product overlaps with the term white-label product. They are sometimes used interchangeably, but they don't mean the same thing. A private-label product is created exclusively for a client, who sets specific demands on what the product or service must contain. A white-label product is not created exclusively for one company, and although white-label manufacturers might offer customizations to their products, these are usually limited. The specifications of a private-label product are set out by the client, whereas a white-label product is more generic and already designed."@en . . . . "\uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488"@ko . 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\u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062B\u0627\u0644\u060C \u0631\u064A\u0634\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u062F\u0632 \u0647\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062A\u062D\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u062E\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062A\u0627\u062C \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u062A\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0645\u062F\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062A \u0644\u0630\u064A\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649\u060C \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0648\u0623\u0644\u062F\u064A \u0648\u0633\u064A\u0641 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u062A 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\u0627\u0646\u062E\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062A\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0639\u0627\u064A\u0629 \n* \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062D\u062C\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064A\u0639\u0627\u062A (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062F \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064B)"@ar . . . "Marca blanca"@ca . "Priv\u00E1tn\u00ED zna\u010Dka"@cs . "Private label"@nl . . . "Una marca blanca, tambi\u00E9n denominada marca del distribuidor (MDD) o marca propia, identifica a los productos pertenecientes a una cadena de distribuci\u00F3n (generalmente, h\u00EDper o supermercado, pero tambi\u00E9n de gran distribuci\u00F3n especializada), los cuales se comercializan exclusivamente en sus establecimientos o en los vinculados al grupo. El minorista puede comercializar art\u00EDculos exclusivos con su propio nombre, como ocurre con DIA, Carrefour o Hipercor. Pero tambi\u00E9n puede crear una marca de distribuidor con un nombre diferente: por ejemplo, Hacendado, El Bosque Verde o Deliplus son marcas de Mercadona; Milbona y Cien, de Lidl; Basic y Belli, de Eroski; y Auchan, de Alcampo.\u200B Por lo general, los distribuidores no producen los art\u00EDculos de sus marcas, sino que subcontratan su producci\u00F3n a otras empresas.\u200B La mayor\u00EDa de la producci\u00F3n de MDD es encargada a fabricantes peque\u00F1os y medianos. Muchos de ellos trabajan en exclusiva para minoristas (uno o m\u00E1s de uno), aunque tambi\u00E9n pueden tener su propia marca de fabricante, posicionadas en el mercado como segundas marcas. En relaci\u00F3n con las marcas l\u00EDderes, sus fabricantes son reacios a producir para las marcas de los minoristas por motivos de estrategia comercial. En 2013, un informe de Esade Brand Institute revel\u00F3 que menos del 9 % de los fabricantes de marcas l\u00EDderes en Espa\u00F1a produc\u00EDan tambi\u00E9n MDD.\u200B A fin de cuentas, son sus competidores en los lineales. Tambi\u00E9n les preocupa que su imagen pueda devaluarse. Resulta bastante normal que una marca l\u00EDder no produzca para un distribuidor art\u00EDculos de la misma categor\u00EDa en que es l\u00EDder, pero eso no impide que los minoristas le subcontraten la producci\u00F3n de art\u00EDculos de otras categor\u00EDas. Por ejemplo, una marca l\u00EDder en yogures que no produce yogures de marca blanca, pero s\u00ED art\u00EDculos de otras categor\u00EDas.\u200B En ocasiones, grandes o primeras marcas muy conocidas crean una segunda marca de m\u00E1s bajas prestaciones y a un precio m\u00E1s econ\u00F3mico de adquisici\u00F3n para el consumidor, de esta forma dichas grandes marcas consiguen acaparar todos los sectores econ\u00F3micos del mercado sin vulgarizar su primera marca lanzando al mercado productos de m\u00E1s baja calidad o prestaciones con un coste de adquisici\u00F3n m\u00E1s econ\u00F3mico que su primera marca. A los fabricantes de marcas blancas no les interesa relacionar dichos productos de bajo coste a la primera marca que estos tienen, o simplemente no les interesa darse a conocer en el mercado mediante productos de bajo coste que suelen ser los productos de marca blanca. Las marcas blancas se han considerado tradicionalmente una estrategia B2C (abreviatura de Business-to-customer, \u2018del negocio al cliente\u2019, en ingl\u00E9s). Adem\u00E1s, las tiendas descuento apuestan por las marcas del distribuidor con una mejor relaci\u00F3n calidad/precio."@es . "Una marca blanca, tamb\u00E9 anomenada marca del distribu\u00EFdor o marca gen\u00E8rica, \u00E9s la marca pertanyent a una cadena de distribuci\u00F3 (generalment, h\u00EDpers o supermercat, per\u00F2 tamb\u00E9 de ) amb la qual es venen productes de diferents fabricants.Les marques blanques s'han considerat tradicionalment una estrat\u00E8gia B2C (abreviatura de Business-to-customer, \u00ABdel negoci al client\u00BB, en angl\u00E8s). A m\u00E9s a m\u00E9s, les botigues descompte aposten per les marques del distribu\u00EFdor amb una excel\u00B7lent relaci\u00F3 qualitat/preu."@ca . . . . . "Marka zuri"@eu . . "Egna m\u00E4rkesvaror (\u00E4ven distribut\u00F6rsm\u00E4rken, EMV, egna varum\u00E4rken, private label, private brand med mera) kallas produkter som detaljhandeln s\u00E4ljer under eget varum\u00E4rke, men inte tillverkar sj\u00E4lva. De l\u00E5ter ist\u00E4llet en leverant\u00F6r tillverka varorna \u00E5t dem. EMV f\u00F6rekommer fr\u00E4mst i specialbutiker som Hennes & Mauritz och Ikea, men har under de senaste tio \u00E5ren tagit en allt st\u00F6rre plats i dagligvaruhandeln, som till exempel ICA. N\u00E5gra f\u00F6rdelar med EMV f\u00F6r distribut\u00F6ren \u00E4r:"@sv . . . "Marka zuria edo banatzailearen marka produktuak eta zerbitzuak banatzailearen markaz soilik eskaintzen direnak dira, banatzaileak zehaztapen eta kalitate maila jakinekin beste fabrikatzaileei egindako enkarguz ekoiztu direnak. Gehienetan, ezaugarri bereko beste produktuak baino prezio merkeagoan saltzen dira. Marka zurien helburuetako bat saltokiarekiko erosleen fideltasuna eskuratzea da. Marka zuriak maiz erosten diren elikagaien erosketekin hasi ziren esaterako, esnea, pasta, arroza, lekaleak...etab. Honen ostean, etxean erabilitako beste produktu motekin lan egiten jarraitu zuten, adibidez, etxeko zein gorputzeko garbiketarako. Kasu batzuetan enpresa handiak edo oso ezagunak direnak bigarren edo hirugarren marka bat sortzen dute, erosleari prezio ekonomikoago batean salduz. Horrela, esandako markek, merkatuaren sektore ekonomiko guztietara zabaltzea lortzen dute eta aldi berean, haien lehenengo marka, prezio baxuago edo kalitate gutxiagoko produktuekin ez dute kaltetzen. Gainera, marka zuriko ekoizleei ez zaie interesatzen haien markak ekoizleen markekin erlazionatzea. Ez dute nahi prezio baxuko produktuak saltzen dituzten enpresa bezala ezagunak izatea."@eu . . . . "Marca blanca"@es . "\uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488(\uC601\uC5B4: private label product, store brand, own brand)\uC740 \uC5B4\uB5A4 \uAE30\uC5C5\uC774 \uC0DD\uC0B0\uD558\uAC70\uB098 \uC81C\uACF5\uD558\uB294 \uC81C\uD488\uC5D0 \uB2E4\uB978 \uAE30\uC5C5\uC758 \uC0C1\uD45C\uB97C \uBD99\uC778 \uC81C\uD488\uC744 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC2DD\uD488\uC5D0\uC11C\uBD80\uD130 \uD654\uC7A5\uD488, \uC6F9 \uD638\uC2A4\uD305\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488\uC758 \uBC94\uC704\uB3C4 \uB113\uC740 \uD3B8\uC774\uB2E4. \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488\uC740 \uC720\uD1B5\uC5C5\uCCB4\uAC00 \uC81C\uC870\uC5C5\uCCB4\uC640 \uC9C1\uC811 \uACC4\uC57D\uC744 \uB9FA\uC5B4 \uC720\uD1B5\uAD6C\uC870\uAC00 \uC0C1\uB300\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uB2E8\uC21C\uD558\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0 \uAC01 \uC720\uD1B5 \uB2E8\uACC4\uBCC4\uB85C \uB4E4\uC5B4\uAC00\uC57C \uD558\uB294 \uC911\uAC04 \uC720\uD1B5 \uB9C8\uC9C4\uC774 \uC904\uC5B4\uB4E4\uACE0, \uB9C8\uCF00\uD305 \uBE44\uC6A9\uC774 \uB4E4\uC9C0 \uC54A\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0 \uC18C\uBE44\uC790\uC758 \uC120\uD0DD\uD3ED\uC774 \uB2E4\uC591\uD574\uC9C0\uACE0 \uC800\uB834\uD558\uAC8C \uAD6C\uC785\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70 \uC77C\uBC18 \uBE0C\uB79C\uB4DC\uC5D0\uC11C \uAD6C\uD560 \uC218 \uC5C6\uB294 \uC0C1\uD488\uB4E4\uC744 \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488\uC73C\uB85C \uAD6C\uD560 \uC218\uB3C4 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC720\uD1B5\uC5C5\uCCB4\uB294 \uC0C1\uD488\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC18C\uBE44\uC790\uC758 \uD3C9\uAC00\uB97C \uBE60\uB974\uAC8C \uD30C\uC545\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uC81C\uC870\uC5C5\uCCB4\uB294 \uC720\uD1B5\uC5C5\uCCB4\uAC00 \uBCF4\uC720\uD55C \uAD11\uB300\uD55C \uC720\uD1B5\uB9DD\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uAD6D\uB0B4 \uB610\uB294 \uD574\uC678\uC5D0 \uD310\uB9E4\uD560 \uC0C1\uD488\uC744 \uAC1C\uBC1C\uD574 \uD310\uB9E4\uD560 \uAE30\uD68C\uB97C \uC5BB\uC744 \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4\uB294 \uC7A5\uC810\uC774 \uC788\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488 \uD655\uB300\uAC00 \uC18C\uB9E4\uC5C5\uCCB4\uC758 \uACBD\uC7C1\uB825\uC744 \uC800\uD558\uC2DC\uD0A4\uB294 \uC0AC\uB840\uB3C4 \uC788\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uC2DC\uC5B4\uC2A4(Sears)\uC758 \uACBD\uC6B0, \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488 \uC704\uC8FC\uB85C \uB9E4\uC7A5\uC5D0 \uC9C4\uC5F4\uD588\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC18C\uBE44\uC790\uC758 \uC678\uBA74\uC744 \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. \uB610 \uC81C\uD488 \uAC00\uACA9\uC744 \uB0AE\uAC8C \uB9DE\uCD94\uBA74\uC11C \uD488\uC9C8\uC774 \uC77C\uBC18 \uC0C1\uD488\uACFC \uCC28\uC774\uAC00 \uB0A0 \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC2E4\uC81C\uB85C \uB300\uD55C\uBBFC\uAD6D\uC758 \uC774\uB9C8\uD2B8\uB294 \uC790\uCCB4 \uAC1C\uBC1C \uC0C1\uD488\uC774 \uC77C\uBC18 \uC0C1\uD488\uACFC \uD488\uC9C8\uBA74\uC5D0\uC11C \uCC28\uC774\uAC00 \uC5C6\uB2E4\uACE0 \uAD11\uACE0\uD558\uB2E4 \uC774\uD6C4 \uC81C\uC870\uC0AC\uC758 \uC77C\uBC18 \uC81C\uD488\uACFC \uBBF8\uC138\uD558\uC9C0\uB9CC \uCC28\uC774\uAC00 \uC788\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC2DC\uC778\uD558\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD588\uB2E4."@ko . "Une marque de distributeur (MDD) est une marque commerciale destin\u00E9e \u00E0 un produit dont les caract\u00E9ristiques ont \u00E9t\u00E9 d\u00E9finies par l'entreprise ou le groupe d'entreprises qui en assure la vente au d\u00E9tail et qui est le propri\u00E9taire de la marque sous laquelle il est vendu. On leur attribue commun\u00E9ment le nom de \u00AB marque maison \u00BB, ou encore \u00AB private label \u00BB et \u00AB store brand \u00BB en anglais. On peut citer par exemple, pour le Qu\u00E9bec, les produits de marque Compliments chez IGA, ou encore Irr\u00E9sistibles et S\u00E9lection sur les tablettes des supermarch\u00E9s Metro et Super C. Aussi, les produits de marque Le Choix du Pr\u00E9sident ou Sans nom chez les supermarch\u00E9s Provigo et Maxi, Kirkland chez Costco et Great Value chez les magasins Walmart. En France, on peut citer les marques Labell de Intermarch\u00E9 ou Ysiance chez Casino. Chez E.Leclerc, on peut \u00E9galement trouver les marques propres Vitanove et Nateis pour leurs produits douches et shampooings ; Clair ou Univert pour leurs produits d'entretien ou Ecolabel. Chez Syst\u00E8me U, on peut trouver la marque By U. En Belgique, Delhaize utilise sa marque 365 pour des produits d'entr\u00E9e de gamme. Colruyt a sa marque Boni. D'autres distributeurs comme Carrefour ou Cora pr\u00E9f\u00E8rent simplement utiliser leur propre intitul\u00E9 d'enseigne sur ce type de produit. Beaucoup de distributeurs ont \u00E9galement une gamme de produit d'attaque qui constitue souvent une offre d'appel. On peut citer \"ECO+\" chez E.Leclerc, \"Le Prix Gagnant\" chez Leader Price et Franprix, \"Pouce\" chez Auchan, \"Bien Vu\" chez Syst\u00E8me U (disparu en 2017). Carrefour de son c\u00F4t\u00E9 propose pour sa MDD d'entr\u00E9e de gamme les \"Produits Blancs\" (ils sont blancs et sans marque apparente, comme les produits libres), Carrefour propose \u00E9galement \"Petit prix\u201D pour le frais Trad et quelques produits \"no-name\". Leurs contre-pieds identitaires sont les marques nationales, qui elles sont vendues indiff\u00E9remment par les nombreux distributeurs."@fr . . . . "\u0421\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430, \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430, \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. private label) \u2014 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0430\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430, \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0446\u0435\u043C \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044C (\u0441\u0443\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0442, \u0433\u0438\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0442). \u0421\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0438, \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u043D\u0430\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C, \u043A\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u0446\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C. \u0422\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044B \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043A \u043C\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043B\u0435 \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0432 \u0434\u043E 30%. \u041D\u0438\u0437\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043A\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0443 \u0438 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0433 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0436 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0441\u043D\u0438\u0436\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430. \u041E\u0442\u0441\u044E\u0434\u0430 \u2014 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u043D\u0438\u0437\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044B \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0441 \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043A. \u0412 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043C\u043E\u0449\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043C\u044B\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044F\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044B 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\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0438 \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044F \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0439 \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0433\u0438\u0431\u043A\u043E \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u044B \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439. \u041F\u043E \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0443 2000-\u0445 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432 \u0434\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043A \u043D\u0430 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043C \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043A\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F ACNielsen, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432 80 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 14 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043B\u044F\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0430 38 \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0430, \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u0432\u043E\u0434 \u043E \u0442\u043E\u043C, \u0447\u0442\u043E 17 % \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0436 \u0432 2005 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043A. \u0410\u043D\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C 2003 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u043B 15 %. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0435 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043D\u0430 2007 \u0433\u043E\u0434 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0438 5 %, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043A \u043D\u0430 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043C \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043A\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B 17 %, \u043D\u043E \u0432 \u043E\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u043E\u043D \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0432\u044B\u0448\u0435."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . "Une marque de distributeur (MDD) est une marque commerciale destin\u00E9e \u00E0 un produit dont les caract\u00E9ristiques ont \u00E9t\u00E9 d\u00E9finies par l'entreprise ou le groupe d'entreprises qui en assure la vente au d\u00E9tail et qui est le propri\u00E9taire de la marque sous laquelle il est vendu. On leur attribue commun\u00E9ment le nom de \u00AB marque maison \u00BB, ou encore \u00AB private label \u00BB et \u00AB store brand \u00BB en anglais. Leurs contre-pieds identitaires sont les marques nationales, qui elles sont vendues indiff\u00E9remment par les nombreux distributeurs."@fr .