. . . . "Politische S\u00E4uberung"@de . . . . . "\u0394\u03B9\u03C9\u03B3\u03BC\u03CC\u03C2"@el . . . . "\u010Cistka je odstran\u011Bn\u00ED ne\u017E\u00E1douc\u00EDch osob z n\u011Bjak\u00E9 organizace nebo zem\u011B s c\u00EDlem zajistit jej\u00ED \u201E\u010Distotu\u201C tak, jak ji vn\u00EDm\u00E1 ten, kdo \u010Distku organizuje. Prakticky se p\u0159itom m\u016F\u017Ee jednat o vylou\u010Den\u00ED, vyhn\u00E1n\u00ED nebo fyzickou likvidaci ne\u017E\u00E1douc\u00EDch osob. Slovo se \u010Dasto pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 v souvislosti se stalinsk\u00FDmi \u010Distkami v komunistick\u00E9 stran\u011B nebo v souvislosti s etnick\u00FDmi \u010Distkami, jak\u00E9 prob\u011Bhly nap\u0159\u00EDklad v b\u00FDval\u00E9 Jugosl\u00E1vii v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ED. Masov\u00E9 \u010Distky m\u00EDvaj\u00ED rasov\u00E9 (etnick\u00E9), politick\u00E9 nebo n\u00E1bo\u017Eensk\u00E9 d\u016Fvody. Podle CIA je vedle stalinsk\u00FDch, nacistick\u00FDch a maoistick\u00FDch \u010Distek jednou z nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00EDch \u010Distek 20. stolet\u00ED u ve\u0159ejnosti m\u00E9n\u011B zn\u00E1m\u00FD Indon\u00E9sk\u00FD masakr z let 1965\u20131966, p\u0159i n\u011Bm\u017E bylo podle odhad\u016F zabito p\u016Fl milionu a\u017E milion lid\u00ED."@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Purga pol\u00EDtica"@es . . . . . . . . "Czystka"@pl . . . . . . . "\u8085\u6E05"@zh . . "Dans le domaine socio-politique, l\u2019\u00E9puration, terme utilis\u00E9 au sens propre en mati\u00E8re physique, chimique, ou m\u00E9dicale, consiste en l\u2019\u00E9limination du corps social des membres jug\u00E9s indignes d\u2019en faire partie ou consid\u00E9r\u00E9s comme ind\u00E9sirables. On parle dans le m\u00EAme sens de purge, mais ce mot a pris un sens historique pr\u00E9cis, d\u00E9signant les purges dans l\u2019appareil communiste. Parmi les vagues d\u2019\u00E9puration historiques, en France, on compte notamment : \n* l'\u00E9puration d\u00E9marr\u00E9e apr\u00E8s la r\u00E9pression des journ\u00E9es de Juin 1848 qui voit notamment une \u00AB grande purge \u00BB de l'enseignement public entre 1848 et 1852, avec l'\u00E9limination des instituteurs, professeurs et membres de la haute administration ayant manifest\u00E9 des sympathies pour les id\u00E9es d\u00E9mocratiques ou \u00AB sociales \u00BB, mais aussi la dissolution du Conseil d'\u00C9tat et d'autres corps ; \n* l'\u00E9puration de la fonction publique (1877-1883), lors de l'installation de la Troisi\u00E8me R\u00E9publique qui voit, apr\u00E8s la crise du 16 mai 1877 se succ\u00E9der une \u00AB orgie de fonctionnaires r\u00E9publicains \u00BB par les conservateurs (Mac Mahon, De Broglie et Fourtou) puis un mouvement de sens inverse de \u00AB main-mise sur la fonction publique \u00BB par les ministres r\u00E9publicains \u00E0 partir de 1879 ; \n* l'affaire des fiches, \u00E9puration des officiers catholiques entre 1900 et 1913, avec l'aide du Grand Orient de France ; \n* l\u2019\u00E9puration par le r\u00E9gime de Vichy entre 1940 et 1944 ; \n* l\u2019\u00E9puration \u00E0 la Lib\u00E9ration ; Dans le reste du monde, les \u00E9v\u00E8nements suivants sont des \u00E9purations : \n* la purge de Pride en 1648, au cours de la deuxi\u00E8me guerre civile anglaise ; \n* l\u2019\u00E9puration et les Grandes Purges en Union sovi\u00E9tique dans les ann\u00E9es 1930 ; \n* l'\u00E9puration au sein du parti nazi contre la SA en 1934 ; \n* l\u2019\u00E9puration communiste en Europe de l\u2019Est entre 1945 et 1965 ; \n* l\u2019\u00E9puration anti-communiste aux \u00C9tats-Unis entre 1950 et 1955 ; \n* l\u2019\u00E9puration mao\u00EFste en Chine communiste ; \n* les massacres anti-communistes de 1965 en Indon\u00E9sie . \n* la purge politique de Saddam Hussein en 1979 du Parti Baas."@fr . . "Expurgo (portugu\u00EAs brasileiro) ou purga (portugu\u00EAs europeu) \u00E9 o processo de expurgar, expelir, expulsar, exilar ou eliminar algo, no sentido de desfazer-se de um problema e colocar para fora um objeto com conota\u00E7\u00E3o negativa."@pt . . . . . "1121293069"^^ . . . . . . . "\uC219\uCCAD"@ko . . . . . . . "Czystka \u2013 w polityce \u2013 potoczne okre\u015Blenie oznaczaj\u0105ce usuni\u0119cie niepo\u017C\u0105danych os\u00F3b z zajmowanych przez nie stanowisk. Czystki to usuwanie cz\u0119\u015Bci elit rz\u0105dz\u0105cych lub kieruj\u0105cych r\u00F3\u017Cnymi strukturami pa\u0144stwa (wojsko, policja, rz\u0105d) przez monarch\u00F3w lub dyktator\u00F3w. Charakteryzuje je masowo\u015B\u0107 oraz bezwzgl\u0119dno\u015B\u0107. Najcz\u0119stsz\u0105 motywacj\u0105 do ich przeprowadzania jest obsesyjna podejrzliwo\u015B\u0107 w\u0142adcy czy przyw\u00F3dcy i ch\u0119\u0107 wyeliminowania domniemanych wrog\u00F3w. Najwi\u0119ksze czystki, skutkuj\u0105ce przemoc\u0105 i fizyczn\u0105 eksterminacj\u0105, mia\u0142y miejsce w maoistowskich Chinach, za rz\u0105d\u00F3w Adolfa Hitlera w Niemczech (Noc d\u0142ugich no\u017Cy, Noc kryszta\u0142owa, Polenaktion) i J\u00F3zefa Stalina w ZSRR (wielki terror)."@pl . . . . . . . "Una purga o, m\u00E1s precisamente, purga pol\u00EDtica, en el uso de las ciencias sociales, es la remoci\u00F3n de personas consideradas peligrosas o indeseables por parte de los l\u00EDderes de un gobierno u otra organizaci\u00F3n pol\u00EDtica o religiosa.\u200B El t\u00E9rmino purga (que significa limpieza) proviene de la pr\u00E1ctica m\u00E9dica por la cual por medio de una preparaci\u00F3n, se libra al cuerpo de sustancias nocivas; fue introducido en el lenguaje pol\u00EDtico a partir del siglo XVII durante la Segunda Guerra Civil inglesa.\u200B\u200B"@es . "Purga pol\u00EDtica"@ca . . "Expurgo"@pt . . . . . . . . . . "Czystka \u2013 w polityce \u2013 potoczne okre\u015Blenie oznaczaj\u0105ce usuni\u0119cie niepo\u017C\u0105danych os\u00F3b z zajmowanych przez nie stanowisk. Czystki to usuwanie cz\u0119\u015Bci elit rz\u0105dz\u0105cych lub kieruj\u0105cych r\u00F3\u017Cnymi strukturami pa\u0144stwa (wojsko, policja, rz\u0105d) przez monarch\u00F3w lub dyktator\u00F3w. Charakteryzuje je masowo\u015B\u0107 oraz bezwzgl\u0119dno\u015B\u0107. Najcz\u0119stsz\u0105 motywacj\u0105 do ich przeprowadzania jest obsesyjna podejrzliwo\u015B\u0107 w\u0142adcy czy przyw\u00F3dcy i ch\u0119\u0107 wyeliminowania domniemanych wrog\u00F3w."@pl . . . . . . "\u03A3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1, \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B8\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7, \u03BF \u03B4\u03B9\u03C9\u03B3\u03BC\u03CC\u03C2 (\u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD\u03C5\u03BC\u03BF: \u03B5\u03BA\u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03AC\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7) \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C6\u03AD\u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B1\u03AF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03AE \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03BA\u03C4\u03AD\u03BB\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B8\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03AF\u03BD\u03B4\u03C5\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC, \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03B7\u03B3\u03AD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B4\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2, \u03AE \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03C3\u03CD\u03BD\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF. \u039C\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B4\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BB\u03B1\u03BC\u03B2\u03AC\u03BD\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03AD\u03C4\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03C0\u03AC\u03B8\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B6\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B4\u03B9\u03CE\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03C2. \u039F\u03B9 \u03B4\u03B9\u03C9\u03B3\u03BC\u03BF\u03AF \u03BC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03B9\u03C1\u03B7\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03AF \u03AE \u03B2\u03AF\u03B1\u03B9\u03BF\u03B9. \u039F\u03B9 \u03B5\u03B9\u03C1\u03B7\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03AF \u03B4\u03B9\u03C9\u03B3\u03BC\u03BF\u03AF \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BB\u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B1\u03AF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF \u03B1\u03BE\u03AF\u03C9\u03BC\u03B1, \u03B5\u03BD\u03CE \u03BF \u03B2\u03AF\u03B1\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B9\u03C9\u03B3\u03BC\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B3\u03AF\u03BD\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C6\u03C5\u03BB\u03AC\u03BA\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7, \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1, \u03AE \u03C6\u03CC\u03BD\u03BF \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B5\u03BA\u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B1\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD."@el . . . . . . "\u7C9B\u6E05\uFF08\u3057\u3085\u304F\u305B\u3044\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u539F\u7FA9\u3067\u306F\u300C\u53B3\u3057\u304F\u53D6\u308A\u7DE0\u307E\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4E0D\u7D14\u30FB\u4E0D\u6B63\u306A\u3082\u306E\u3092\u9664\u304D\u3001\u6574\u3048\u6E05\u3081\u308B\u3053\u3068\u300D\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F\u300C\u4E0D\u6B63\u8005\u30FB\u53CD\u5BFE\u8005\u306A\u3069\u3092\u53B3\u3057\u304F\u53D6\u308A\u7DE0\u307E\u308B\u3053\u3068\u300D\u3002\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u306B\u306F\u3001\u653F\u515A\u3084\u653F\u6CBB\u7D50\u793E\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7406\u8AD6\u4E0A\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u653F\u7B56\u4E0A\u306E\u5BFE\u7ACB\u3092\u4E00\u65B9\u304C\u4ED6\u65B9\u3092\u7D44\u7E54\u304B\u3089\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u306B\u62B9\u6BBA\u3057\u7D44\u7E54\u306E\u7D14\u5316\u3092\u306F\u304B\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3002\u82F1\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u30D1\u30FC\u30B8\uFF08\u82F1: purge\uFF09\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u30A8\u30D4\u30E5\u30E9\u30B7\u30AA\u30F3\uFF08\u4ECF: \u00E9puration\uFF09\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u30C1\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30AB\uFF08\u9732: \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430\uFF09\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u540C\u97F3\u7570\u7FA9\u8A9E\u306E\u300C\u7C9B\u6B63\u300D\u3068\u6DF7\u540C\u3055\u308C\u308B\u304C\u3001\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306F\u300C\u7DB1\u7D00\u7C9B\u6B63\u300D\u306A\u3069\u306B\u898B\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u3001\u53B3\u3057\u304F\u53D6\u308A\u7DE0\u307E\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4E0D\u6B63\u3092\u6B63\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610F\u5473\u3059\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Purge"@en . . "In history, religion and political science, a purge is a position removal or execution of people who are considered undesirable by those in power from a government, another organization, their team leaders, or society as a whole. A group undertaking such an effort is labeled as purging itself. Purges can be either nonviolent or violent, with the former often resolved by the simple removal of those who have been purged from office, and the latter often resolved by the imprisonment, exile, or murder of those who have been purged."@en . . "Dans le domaine socio-politique, l\u2019\u00E9puration, terme utilis\u00E9 au sens propre en mati\u00E8re physique, chimique, ou m\u00E9dicale, consiste en l\u2019\u00E9limination du corps social des membres jug\u00E9s indignes d\u2019en faire partie ou consid\u00E9r\u00E9s comme ind\u00E9sirables. On parle dans le m\u00EAme sens de purge, mais ce mot a pris un sens historique pr\u00E9cis, d\u00E9signant les purges dans l\u2019appareil communiste. Parmi les vagues d\u2019\u00E9puration historiques, en France, on compte notamment : Dans le reste du monde, les \u00E9v\u00E8nements suivants sont des \u00E9purations :"@fr . "\uC219\uCCAD(\u8085\u6DF8, \uC601\uC5B4: purge)\uC740 \uC6D0 \uB73B\uC740 \uBD80\uC815\uD55C \uAC83\uC744 \uC815\uB3C8\uD55C\uB2E4\uB294 \uB73B\uC774\uB2E4. \uB610\uD55C \uC219\uCCAD\uC740 \uC815\uCE58\uC801\uC73C\uB85C\uB294 \uC870\uC9C1\uC758 \uC77C\uCCB4\uC131\u00B7\uC21C\uC218\uC131\uC744 \uC720\uC9C0\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD574 \uC870\uC9C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uC774\uB2E8\uC790 \uC778\uBB3C\u00B7\uC138\uB825\uC744 \uC81C\uAC70\uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uC758\uBBF8\uD558\uACE0, \uAE30\uAC15\uD655\uB9BD\uC744 \uC704\uD558\uC5EC \uC5C4\uC911\uD558\uAC8C \uBD80\uC815\uC744 \uB2E8\uC18D\uD558\uB294 \uC758\uBBF8\uB85C \uBCFC \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC608\uB97C \uB4E4\uBA74 \uC5F0\uC0B0\uAD70\uC774 \uC790\uC2E0\uC758 \uB73B\uC5D0 \uBC18\uB300\uD558\uB358 \uC2E0\uD558\uB4E4\uC744 \uBAA8\uC870\uB9AC \uC8FD\uC778 \uAC83\uB3C4 \uC758\uB3C4\uAC00 \uC5B4\uB5BB\uB4E0 \uC219\uCCAD\uC774\uB77C \uBCFC \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC219\uCCAD\uC774 \uD30C\uC0DD\uC5B4\uB85C \uC4F0\uC774\uBA74 '\uC131\uD488\uC774\uB098 \uD589\uC2E4\uC774 \uAE68\uB057\uD558\uACE0 \uC815\uC219\uD558\uB2E4'\uC758 \uC5B4\uADFC\uC758 \uB73B\uC774 \uB41C\uB2E4."@ko . . "In history, religion and political science, a purge is a position removal or execution of people who are considered undesirable by those in power from a government, another organization, their team leaders, or society as a whole. A group undertaking such an effort is labeled as purging itself. Purges can be either nonviolent or violent, with the former often resolved by the simple removal of those who have been purged from office, and the latter often resolved by the imprisonment, exile, or murder of those who have been purged."@en . . . "\u064A\u064F\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0637\u0647\u064A\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062F\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u064A\u064F\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u063A\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u062D\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0643\u0644. \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0637\u0647\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u064A\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u064A\u0641\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0637\u0647\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064A\u0641\u0629 \u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064B \u0645\u0627 \u062A\u064F\u062D\u0644\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064A\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064A\u0642 \u062A\u062E\u0644\u064A\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060C \u0648\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064B \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u064F\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0637\u0647\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064A\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062C\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062A\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u064F\u062C\u0650\u0628 \u062A\u0637\u0647\u064A\u0631\u0647\u0645."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . "Politische S\u00E4uberung, auch nur S\u00E4uberung, bezeichnet die zwangsweise Ausgrenzung von Personen oder Personengruppen aus politischen Organisationen und Institutionen, insbesondere aus Parteien, Regierungen und \u00F6ffentlicher Verwaltung. Sie kann von der Exklusion oder dem Parteiausschluss bis hin zur T\u00F6tung reichen. In Parteien, insbesondere in undemokratischen Gesellschaftsformen, wird h\u00E4ufig eine aufkommende innerparteiliche Opposition mittels einer S\u00E4uberung ausgegrenzt oder entfernt. Ziel ist meist der Machterhalt einer dominierenden Gruppierung. Innerhalb von autorit\u00E4ren und diktatorischen Regimen, insbesondere bei einer Einparteienherrschaft, kann sich diese Entfernung missliebiger Personen auch auf nachgeordnete Positionen in Staat und Gesellschaft ausdehnen und bis zum Staatsterror reichen. Eine gro\u00DFe Rolle spielt der Begriff der \u201ES\u00E4uberung\u201C innerhalb der Geschichte kommunistischer Parteien und Organisationen im 20. Jahrhundert. Die Verwendung des Wortes S\u00E4uberung wird f\u00FCr die Benennung derartiger Zusammenh\u00E4nge mitunter als euphemistisch empfunden, und oft in Anf\u00FChrungszeichen gesetzt."@de . "Una purga o, m\u00E1s precisamente, purga pol\u00EDtica, en el uso de las ciencias sociales, es la remoci\u00F3n de personas consideradas peligrosas o indeseables por parte de los l\u00EDderes de un gobierno u otra organizaci\u00F3n pol\u00EDtica o religiosa.\u200B El t\u00E9rmino purga (que significa limpieza) proviene de la pr\u00E1ctica m\u00E9dica por la cual por medio de una preparaci\u00F3n, se libra al cuerpo de sustancias nocivas; fue introducido en el lenguaje pol\u00EDtico a partir del siglo XVII durante la Segunda Guerra Civil inglesa.\u200B\u200B Las purgas pueden ser un mera separaci\u00F3n del cargo sin ulteriores consecuencias, o m\u00E1s com\u00FAnmente la exoneraci\u00F3n seguida por la inhabilitaci\u00F3n para ejercer otros cargos, la prisi\u00F3n, el exilio o incluso la pena de muerte con o sin juicio."@es . . . "\u7C9B\u6E05"@ja . . "\u010Cistka"@cs . . . "\uC219\uCCAD(\u8085\u6DF8, \uC601\uC5B4: purge)\uC740 \uC6D0 \uB73B\uC740 \uBD80\uC815\uD55C \uAC83\uC744 \uC815\uB3C8\uD55C\uB2E4\uB294 \uB73B\uC774\uB2E4. \uB610\uD55C \uC219\uCCAD\uC740 \uC815\uCE58\uC801\uC73C\uB85C\uB294 \uC870\uC9C1\uC758 \uC77C\uCCB4\uC131\u00B7\uC21C\uC218\uC131\uC744 \uC720\uC9C0\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD574 \uC870\uC9C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uC774\uB2E8\uC790 \uC778\uBB3C\u00B7\uC138\uB825\uC744 \uC81C\uAC70\uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uC758\uBBF8\uD558\uACE0, \uAE30\uAC15\uD655\uB9BD\uC744 \uC704\uD558\uC5EC \uC5C4\uC911\uD558\uAC8C \uBD80\uC815\uC744 \uB2E8\uC18D\uD558\uB294 \uC758\uBBF8\uB85C \uBCFC \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC608\uB97C \uB4E4\uBA74 \uC5F0\uC0B0\uAD70\uC774 \uC790\uC2E0\uC758 \uB73B\uC5D0 \uBC18\uB300\uD558\uB358 \uC2E0\uD558\uB4E4\uC744 \uBAA8\uC870\uB9AC \uC8FD\uC778 \uAC83\uB3C4 \uC758\uB3C4\uAC00 \uC5B4\uB5BB\uB4E0 \uC219\uCCAD\uC774\uB77C \uBCFC \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC219\uCCAD\uC774 \uD30C\uC0DD\uC5B4\uB85C \uC4F0\uC774\uBA74 '\uC131\uD488\uC774\uB098 \uD589\uC2E4\uC774 \uAE68\uB057\uD558\uACE0 \uC815\uC219\uD558\uB2E4'\uC758 \uC5B4\uADFC\uC758 \uB73B\uC774 \uB41C\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . "Expurgo (portugu\u00EAs brasileiro) ou purga (portugu\u00EAs europeu) \u00E9 o processo de expurgar, expelir, expulsar, exilar ou eliminar algo, no sentido de desfazer-se de um problema e colocar para fora um objeto com conota\u00E7\u00E3o negativa. Em pol\u00EDtica, a palavra descreve recursos utilizados por entidades (principalmente partidos pol\u00EDticos, sindicatos e movimentos) para remover de seus quadros os militantes que firam as regras ou os princ\u00EDpios do grupo, que tenham ferido normas internas ou que contrariem a orienta\u00E7\u00E3o coletiva. \u00C0s vezes, mas n\u00E3o por via de regra, os expurgos podem resultar de persegui\u00E7\u00F5es e injusti\u00E7as cometidas por l\u00EDderes pol\u00EDticos contra seus advers\u00E1rios ou dissidentes. Muitos militantes e te\u00F3ricos contestam a legitimidade do expurgo como forma de garantir a coes\u00E3o interna do partido, principalmente aqueles prejudicados por este processo. Para estes cr\u00EDticos, o expurgo \u00E9 uma t\u00E1tica violenta para reprimir a oposi\u00E7\u00E3o interna. Para os defensores deste recurso, no entanto, o expurgo \u00E9 necess\u00E1rio para punir traidores e renovar os quadros do partido. Embora rara, a restaura\u00E7\u00E3o (\u00E0s vezes p\u00F3stuma) da legitimidade de pessoas expurgadas pode ocorrer e \u00E9 um processo conhecido como reabilita\u00E7\u00E3o."@pt . . . "9335"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u00C9puration (politique)"@fr . . "Politische S\u00E4uberung, auch nur S\u00E4uberung, bezeichnet die zwangsweise Ausgrenzung von Personen oder Personengruppen aus politischen Organisationen und Institutionen, insbesondere aus Parteien, Regierungen und \u00F6ffentlicher Verwaltung. Sie kann von der Exklusion oder dem Parteiausschluss bis hin zur T\u00F6tung reichen. Die Verwendung des Wortes S\u00E4uberung wird f\u00FCr die Benennung derartiger Zusammenh\u00E4nge mitunter als euphemistisch empfunden, und oft in Anf\u00FChrungszeichen gesetzt."@de . "606600"^^ . . . . . "\u8085\u6E05\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u500B\u653F\u6CBB\u8853\u8A9E\uFF0C\u5373\u6574\u8085\u6E05\u6D17\uFF0C\u610F\u6307\u653F\u5E9C\u6216\u7D44\u7E54\u6E05\u9664\u67D0\u4E9B\u88AB\u8996\u70BA\u8EAB\u4EFD\u4E0D\u6B63\u7684\u4EBA\u6216\u5718\u9AD4\u3002\u5728\u8085\u6E05\u7684\u904E\u7A0B\u4E2D\uFF0C\u53EF\u80FD\u6D89\u53CA\u5230\u6D41\u8840\u4E8B\u4EF6\uFF0C\u4E5F\u53EF\u4EE5\u662F\u901A\u904E\u975E\u6B66\u529B\u4F86\u89E3\u6C7A\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800C\uFF0C\u5728\u6B77\u53F2\u4E0A\uFF0C\u4E0D\u5C11\u7684\u88AB\u8085\u6E05\u8005\u88AB\u8EDF\u7981\u3001\u76E3\u7981\u3001\u9A45\u9010\u3001\u6D41\u653E\u3001\u8655\u6B7B\u751A\u6216\u8BB0\u5F55\u62B9\u715E\uFF1B\u4F46\u4E5F\u6709\u7684\u50C5\u662F\u958B\u9664\u3001\u964D\u8077\u3001\u514D\u8077\u3001\u7F77\u9EDC\u4E00\u5207\u8077\u6B0A\uFF0C\u6709\u6642\u4E8B\u5F8C\u80FD\u5F97\u5230\u5E73\u53CD\u3002"@zh . . . . . "\u7C9B\u6E05\uFF08\u3057\u3085\u304F\u305B\u3044\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u539F\u7FA9\u3067\u306F\u300C\u53B3\u3057\u304F\u53D6\u308A\u7DE0\u307E\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4E0D\u7D14\u30FB\u4E0D\u6B63\u306A\u3082\u306E\u3092\u9664\u304D\u3001\u6574\u3048\u6E05\u3081\u308B\u3053\u3068\u300D\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F\u300C\u4E0D\u6B63\u8005\u30FB\u53CD\u5BFE\u8005\u306A\u3069\u3092\u53B3\u3057\u304F\u53D6\u308A\u7DE0\u307E\u308B\u3053\u3068\u300D\u3002\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u306B\u306F\u3001\u653F\u515A\u3084\u653F\u6CBB\u7D50\u793E\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7406\u8AD6\u4E0A\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u653F\u7B56\u4E0A\u306E\u5BFE\u7ACB\u3092\u4E00\u65B9\u304C\u4ED6\u65B9\u3092\u7D44\u7E54\u304B\u3089\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u306B\u62B9\u6BBA\u3057\u7D44\u7E54\u306E\u7D14\u5316\u3092\u306F\u304B\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3002\u82F1\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u30D1\u30FC\u30B8\uFF08\u82F1: purge\uFF09\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u30A8\u30D4\u30E5\u30E9\u30B7\u30AA\u30F3\uFF08\u4ECF: \u00E9puration\uFF09\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u30C1\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30AB\uFF08\u9732: \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430\uFF09\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u540C\u97F3\u7570\u7FA9\u8A9E\u306E\u300C\u7C9B\u6B63\u300D\u3068\u6DF7\u540C\u3055\u308C\u308B\u304C\u3001\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306F\u300C\u7DB1\u7D00\u7C9B\u6B63\u300D\u306A\u3069\u306B\u898B\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u3001\u53B3\u3057\u304F\u53D6\u308A\u7DE0\u307E\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4E0D\u6B63\u3092\u6B63\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610F\u5473\u3059\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . "\u062A\u0637\u0647\u064A\u0631 (\u062C\u0631\u064A\u0645\u0629)"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"\u010Cistka je odstran\u011Bn\u00ED ne\u017E\u00E1douc\u00EDch osob z n\u011Bjak\u00E9 organizace nebo zem\u011B s c\u00EDlem zajistit jej\u00ED \u201E\u010Distotu\u201C tak, jak ji vn\u00EDm\u00E1 ten, kdo \u010Distku organizuje. Prakticky se p\u0159itom m\u016F\u017Ee jednat o vylou\u010Den\u00ED, vyhn\u00E1n\u00ED nebo fyzickou likvidaci ne\u017E\u00E1douc\u00EDch osob. Slovo se \u010Dasto pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 v souvislosti se stalinsk\u00FDmi \u010Distkami v komunistick\u00E9 stran\u011B nebo v souvislosti s etnick\u00FDmi \u010Distkami, jak\u00E9 prob\u011Bhly nap\u0159\u00EDklad v b\u00FDval\u00E9 Jugosl\u00E1vii v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ED. Masov\u00E9 \u010Distky m\u00EDvaj\u00ED rasov\u00E9 (etnick\u00E9), politick\u00E9 nebo n\u00E1bo\u017Eensk\u00E9 d\u016Fvody. Podle CIA je vedle stalinsk\u00FDch, nacistick\u00FDch a maoistick\u00FDch \u010Distek jednou z nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00EDch \u010Distek 20. stolet\u00ED u ve\u0159ejnosti m\u00E9n\u011B zn\u00E1m\u00FD Indon\u00E9sk\u00FD masakr z let 1965\u20131966, p\u0159i n\u011Bm\u017E bylo podle odhad\u016F zabito p\u016Fl milionu a\u017E milion lid\u00ED."@cs . 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