. . . . . . . . . . "21048"^^ . . . . "\u041F\u0438\u0440\u043E\u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438"@ru . "La piroelectricitat es tracta de la polaritzaci\u00F3 electroest\u00E0tica de cristalls allargats, per l'acci\u00F3 de la temperatura. Aquesta propietat es dona en cristalls dotats d'eixos polars. Els extrems d'aquests eixos es carreguen amb electricitat de signe oposat, mentre s'esclafa el cristall i mentre es refreda (amb inversi\u00F3 de pols), per\u00F2 no si la temperatura roman estacion\u00E0ria."@ca . . . . "\u041F\u0456\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0301\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A \u2014 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u0430, \u0432 \u044F\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0454 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442. \u041A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u0434\u0456\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0456\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u044E (\u043C\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0432\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u044E) \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E, \u0442\u043E\u0431\u0442\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0448\u043D\u0456\u0445 \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0432."@uk . "T\u00E1 criostail ar leith ann ina n-athra\u00EDonn an mh\u00F3imint dh\u00E9pholach leictreach ioml\u00E1n leis an teocht, ach a bh\u00EDonn neamh\u00EDogair do r\u00E9imse leictreach a chuirtear i bhfeidhm orthu (mar shampla, niab\u00E1it litiam, LiNbO3). Gaol acu le h\u00E1bhair fhear\u00F3ileictreacha."@ga . . . . "\u041F\u0456\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0301\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A \u2014 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u0430, \u0432 \u044F\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0454 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442. \u041A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u0434\u0456\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0456\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u044E (\u043C\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0432\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u044E) \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E, \u0442\u043E\u0431\u0442\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0448\u043D\u0456\u0445 \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0432."@uk . . "La pyro\u00E9lectricit\u00E9 (du grec \u03C0\u1FE6\u03C1, pyr, feu) est la propri\u00E9t\u00E9 d'un mat\u00E9riau dans lequel un changement de temp\u00E9rature entraine une variation de polarisation \u00E9lectrique. Cette variation de polarisation cr\u00E9e une diff\u00E9rence de potentiel temporaire, celle-ci disparaissant apr\u00E8s le temps de relaxation di\u00E9lectrique. Cette variation peut g\u00E9n\u00E9rer un courant \u00E9lectrique, ce qui rend ces mat\u00E9riaux utiles pour la d\u00E9tection de radiations ou la production d'\u00E9lectricit\u00E9. Ils sont tout particuli\u00E8rement utilis\u00E9s dans certains d\u00E9tecteurs infrarouge.L'effet pyro\u00E9lectrique ne doit pas \u00EAtre confondu avec l'effet thermo\u00E9lectrique, o\u00F9 un gradient de temp\u00E9rature fix\u00E9 donne naissance \u00E0 une tension permanente."@fr . . "\uCD08\uC804\uAE30"@ko . "La piroelectricidad es la propiedad que presentan ciertos materiales que sometidos a cambios de temperatura experimentan cambios en la polarizaci\u00F3n el\u00E9ctrica, por lo que dichos cambios de temperatura inducen un campo el\u00E9ctrico en el interior del material, causado por movimiento de cargas positivas y negativas en los extremos opuestos de la superficie. Esto tiene numerosas aplicaciones pr\u00E1cticas, como por ejemplo la construcci\u00F3n de term\u00F3metros electr\u00F3nicos. Este tipo de fen\u00F3menos ocurre en materiales diel\u00E9ctricos que tienen polarizaciones espont\u00E1neas producidas por dipolos orientados."@es . . "Piroelettricit\u00E0"@it . . . . "Wikipedia:"@en . . . "Piroelektrizitatea (pyr (sua) eta electricity hitz grekoetatik eratorria) material batzuek, tenperatura-aldaketen ondorioz, behin-behineko potentzial diferentziak eratzeko duten ahalmena da . Prozesu horretan, eremu elektrikoak sortzen dira . Hain zuzen, hozte edo berotzearen ondorioz, material kristalinoko atomoen posizioak aldatu egiten dira eta translokazio horien ondorioz eraldatu egiten da materialaren polarizazioa, aipatutako potentzial aldeak agerraraziz. Geroago, tenperaturak konstante badirau, tentsio piroelektrikoa desagertuz joango da, korrontearen ihesengatik (\"ihes\" hauek hainbat kasua izan ditzakete: elektroiak kristalean zehar mugitzea, ioiak airean higitzea edota korrontea materialari konektaturiko voltametro batetik pasaraztea) ."@eu . . . . "Piroeletricidade (do grego pyr, fogo, e eletricidade) \u00E9 a capacidade de alguns materiais de gerarem temporariamente um potencial el\u00E9trico quando aquecidos ou arrefecidos. A mudan\u00E7a de temperatura modifica ligeiramente as posi\u00E7\u00F5es dos \u00E1tomos na estrutura cristalina, de tal modo que a polariza\u00E7\u00E3o do material \u00E9 alterada. Esta altera\u00E7\u00E3o da polariza\u00E7\u00E3o d\u00E1 origem a um potencial el\u00E9trico tempor\u00E1rio, que desaparece ap\u00F3s o tempo de relaxa\u00E7\u00E3o diel\u00E9trica. A piroeletricidade n\u00E3o deve ser confundida com termoeletricidade, onde um perfil t\u00E9rmico fixo, n\u00E3o-uniforme, d\u00E1 origem a uma diferen\u00E7a de potencial el\u00E9trico permanente."@pt . "Piroelektryk (z gr. \u03C0\u1FE6\u03C1 \u201Eogie\u0144\u201D) \u2013 materia\u0142 maj\u0105cy zdolno\u015B\u0107 generowania si\u0142y elektromotorycznej pod wp\u0142ywem zmian temperatury. W odr\u00F3\u017Cnieniu od zjawiska termoelektrycznego, do wyst\u0105pienia efektu piroelektrycznego nie jest konieczny gradient temperatury, ale wystarczy ogrzanie ca\u0142ego kryszta\u0142u. Efekty piroelektryczno\u015Bci s\u0105 mo\u017Cliwe do dostrze\u017Cenia tylko na kryszta\u0142ach, kt\u00F3re s\u0105 dobrymi izolatorami. Po ustaleniu si\u0119 temperatury kryszta\u0142 stopniowo roz\u0142adowuje si\u0119 na skutek up\u0142ywu \u0142adunku."@pl . . . "Pyroelektrick\u00FD jev je schopnost n\u011Bkter\u00FDch krystal\u016F generovat elektrick\u00FD n\u00E1boj p\u0159i zm\u011Bn\u011B teploty. Je obdobou piezoelektrick\u00E9ho jevu, p\u0159i n\u011Bm\u017E vznik\u00E1 elektrick\u00FD n\u00E1boj na povrchu krystalu p\u0159i mechanick\u00E9m stla\u010Den\u00ED. V nevodiv\u00FDch pevn\u00FDch krystalick\u00FDch l\u00E1tk\u00E1ch zp\u016Fsobuje zm\u011Bna teploty deformaci krystalov\u00E9 m\u0159\u00ED\u017Eky. U l\u00E1tek s vhodn\u00FDmi vlastnostmi vznik\u00E1 elektrick\u00FD n\u00E1boj mezi chladn\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED a teplej\u0161\u00ED \u010D\u00E1st\u00ED krystalu. U l\u00E1tek s jedinou pol\u00E1rn\u00ED osou symetrie se zm\u011Bnou teploty vytvo\u0159\u00ED dip\u00F3lov\u00FD moment, kter\u00FD je zodpov\u011Bdn\u00FD za vznik elektrick\u00E9ho nap\u011Bt\u00ED. V\u0161echny pyroelektrick\u00E9 materi\u00E1ly maj\u00ED t\u00E9\u017E piezoelektrick\u00E9 vlastnosti, av\u0161ak jen n\u011Bkter\u00E9 materi\u00E1ly s piezoelektrick\u00FDmi vlastnostmi vykazuj\u00ED t\u00E9\u017E vlastnosti pyroelektrick\u00E9, nebo\u0165 pyroelekt\u0159ina m\u00E1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ED n\u00E1roky na asymetrii krystalu. Jev je zn\u00E1m ji\u017E od 17. stolet\u00ED, kdy byl pozorov\u00E1n na krystalu turmal\u00EDnu. Ten p\u0159i vhozen\u00ED do hork\u00E9ho popela nejprve jeho \u010D\u00E1ste\u010Dky p\u0159itahuje a pozd\u011Bji, po oh\u0159\u00E1t\u00ED, naopak odpuzuje. Pyroelektrick\u00FD jev na krystalech ledu v kumulonimbech je t\u00E9\u017E podstatou vzniku elektrick\u00FDch v\u00FDboj\u016F (blesk\u016F) p\u0159i bou\u0159ce. Opa\u010Dn\u00FDm d\u011Bjem je elektrokalorick\u00FD jev, p\u0159i n\u011Bm\u017E se vlo\u017Een\u00EDm krystalu elektrick\u00E9ho pole m\u011Bn\u00ED jeho teplota."@cs . "Pyroelektrick\u00FD jev"@cs . . . . . "Pyroelectricity"@en . . "Piroelektrikeco"@eo . "\u041F\u0456\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438"@uk . "Het pyro-elektrisch effect (Oudgrieks: \u03C0\u1FE6\u03C1, pur is vuur) is een elektrische spanning die ontstaat als sommige materialen worden verhit. Het effect is origineel ontdekt in natuurlijke materialen zoals kwarts en toermalijn, en sindsdien zijn ook kunststoffen gemaakt die het effect vertonen. Zowel bot als peesmateriaal vertonen een pyro-elektrisch effect. Alle materialen die het pyro-elektrisch effect vertonen, vertonen ook het gerelateerde pi\u00EBzo-elektrisch effect."@nl . "Pyroelectricity (from the two Greek words pyr meaning fire, and electricity) is a property of certain crystals which are naturally electrically polarized and as a result contain large electric fields. Pyroelectricity can be described as the ability of certain materials to generate a temporary voltage when they are heated or cooled. The change in temperature modifies the positions of the atoms slightly within the crystal structure, such that the polarization of the material changes. This polarization change gives rise to a voltage across the crystal. If the temperature stays constant at its new value, the pyroelectric voltage gradually disappears due to leakage current. The leakage can be due to electrons moving through the crystal, ions moving through the air, or current leaking through a "@en . "Pyroelectricity (from the two Greek words pyr meaning fire, and electricity) is a property of certain crystals which are naturally electrically polarized and as a result contain large electric fields. Pyroelectricity can be described as the ability of certain materials to generate a temporary voltage when they are heated or cooled. The change in temperature modifies the positions of the atoms slightly within the crystal structure, such that the polarization of the material changes. This polarization change gives rise to a voltage across the crystal. If the temperature stays constant at its new value, the pyroelectric voltage gradually disappears due to leakage current. The leakage can be due to electrons moving through the crystal, ions moving through the air, or current leaking through a voltmeter attached across the crystal."@en . "Pyro-elektrisch effect"@nl . "\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0647\u064A \u0642\u062F\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0639\u0644\u064A \u062A\u0648\u0644\u064A\u062F \u062C\u0647\u062F \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062A \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u062A\u0633\u062E\u064A\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062A\u0628\u0631\u064A\u062F\u0647\u0627.\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u063A\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u062F\u0631\u062C\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064A\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u0639\u062F\u064A\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0642\u0644\u064A\u0644\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0643\u064A\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062D\u062F\u062B \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u062F\u064A\u0644\u060C \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064A\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0647\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062F\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D\u062A \u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062B\u0627\u0628\u062A\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064A\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0647\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064A \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064A\u062E\u062A\u0641\u064A \u062A\u062F\u0631\u064A\u062C\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062A\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A\u0627\u0631 (\u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062A\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062A\u062D\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062A\u060C \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064A\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621)."@ar . "Piroelektryk (z gr. \u03C0\u1FE6\u03C1 \u201Eogie\u0144\u201D) \u2013 materia\u0142 maj\u0105cy zdolno\u015B\u0107 generowania si\u0142y elektromotorycznej pod wp\u0142ywem zmian temperatury. W odr\u00F3\u017Cnieniu od zjawiska termoelektrycznego, do wyst\u0105pienia efektu piroelektrycznego nie jest konieczny gradient temperatury, ale wystarczy ogrzanie ca\u0142ego kryszta\u0142u. Efekty piroelektryczno\u015Bci s\u0105 mo\u017Cliwe do dostrze\u017Cenia tylko na kryszta\u0142ach, kt\u00F3re s\u0105 dobrymi izolatorami. Po ustaleniu si\u0119 temperatury kryszta\u0142 stopniowo roz\u0142adowuje si\u0119 na skutek up\u0142ywu \u0142adunku."@pl . "Piroelektrisitas"@in . . . . . . . . "yes"@en . "Piroelektreco (greke: pirejn, piro = \u201Ebruli, mi brulas\u201C, anka\u016D: pirolektra efiko, piroelektra polarizo) estas la eco de kelkaj piezoelektraj kristaloj, reagi al tempa temperatur\u015Dan\u011Di\u011Do \u0394T per separo de la \u015Dargo. Piroelektreco trovi\u011Das nur \u0109e piezoelektraj kristaloj, sed ne \u0109e \u0109iuj."@eo . . . . . . . "Piroelektryk"@pl . . . "Piroelektrizitatea (pyr (sua) eta electricity hitz grekoetatik eratorria) material batzuek, tenperatura-aldaketen ondorioz, behin-behineko potentzial diferentziak eratzeko duten ahalmena da . Prozesu horretan, eremu elektrikoak sortzen dira . Hain zuzen, hozte edo berotzearen ondorioz, material kristalinoko atomoen posizioak aldatu egiten dira eta translokazio horien ondorioz eraldatu egiten da materialaren polarizazioa, aipatutako potentzial aldeak agerraraziz. Geroago, tenperaturak konstante badirau, tentsio piroelektrikoa desagertuz joango da, korrontearen ihesengatik (\"ihes\" hauek hainbat kasua izan ditzakete: elektroiak kristalean zehar mugitzea, ioiak airean higitzea edota korrontea materialari konektaturiko voltametro batetik pasaraztea) ."@eu . . . . "La piroelectricidad es la propiedad que presentan ciertos materiales que sometidos a cambios de temperatura experimentan cambios en la polarizaci\u00F3n el\u00E9ctrica, por lo que dichos cambios de temperatura inducen un campo el\u00E9ctrico en el interior del material, causado por movimiento de cargas positivas y negativas en los extremos opuestos de la superficie. Esto tiene numerosas aplicaciones pr\u00E1cticas, como por ejemplo la construcci\u00F3n de term\u00F3metros electr\u00F3nicos. Este tipo de fen\u00F3menos ocurre en materiales diel\u00E9ctricos que tienen polarizaciones espont\u00E1neas producidas por dipolos orientados. La piroelectricidad est\u00E1 estrechamente relacionada con la piezoelectricidad, de tal modo que todos los materiales piroel\u00E9ctricos son tambi\u00E9n piezoel\u00E9ctricos."@es . . . . . "Piroelectricidad"@es . . . . . . . . "Piroeletricidade (do grego pyr, fogo, e eletricidade) \u00E9 a capacidade de alguns materiais de gerarem temporariamente um potencial el\u00E9trico quando aquecidos ou arrefecidos. A mudan\u00E7a de temperatura modifica ligeiramente as posi\u00E7\u00F5es dos \u00E1tomos na estrutura cristalina, de tal modo que a polariza\u00E7\u00E3o do material \u00E9 alterada. Esta altera\u00E7\u00E3o da polariza\u00E7\u00E3o d\u00E1 origem a um potencial el\u00E9trico tempor\u00E1rio, que desaparece ap\u00F3s o tempo de relaxa\u00E7\u00E3o diel\u00E9trica."@pt . . . . . . . . "\u7126\u96FB\u52B9\u679C"@ja . . "155715"^^ . . . . "\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F"@ar . "Pyroelektricitet"@sv . "Pyroelektrizit\u00E4t (griech. pyrein, \u03C0\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 pyro = \u201Ebrennen, ich brenne\u201C, auch: pyroelektrischer Effekt, pyroelektrische Polarisation) ist die Eigenschaft einiger piezoelektrischer Kristalle, auf eine Temperatur\u00E4nderung \u0394T mit Ladungstrennung zu reagieren. Pyroelektrizit\u00E4t tritt nur in den folgenden zehn Kristallklassen auf: 1, m, 2, mm2, 3, 3m, 4, 4mm, 6 und 6mm."@de . . "La pyro\u00E9lectricit\u00E9 (du grec \u03C0\u1FE6\u03C1, pyr, feu) est la propri\u00E9t\u00E9 d'un mat\u00E9riau dans lequel un changement de temp\u00E9rature entraine une variation de polarisation \u00E9lectrique. Cette variation de polarisation cr\u00E9e une diff\u00E9rence de potentiel temporaire, celle-ci disparaissant apr\u00E8s le temps de relaxation di\u00E9lectrique. Cette variation peut g\u00E9n\u00E9rer un courant \u00E9lectrique, ce qui rend ces mat\u00E9riaux utiles pour la d\u00E9tection de radiations ou la production d'\u00E9lectricit\u00E9. Ils sont tout particuli\u00E8rement utilis\u00E9s dans certains d\u00E9tecteurs infrarouge.L'effet pyro\u00E9lectrique ne doit pas \u00EAtre confondu avec l'effet thermo\u00E9lectrique, o\u00F9 un gradient de temp\u00E9rature fix\u00E9 donne naissance \u00E0 une tension permanente. Les cristaux pyro\u00E9lectriques forment un sous ensemble des cristaux pi\u00E9zo\u00E9lectriques : 10 des 20 classes cristallines pi\u00E9zo\u00E9lectriques sont aussi pyro\u00E9lectriques."@fr . . "Pyroelektricitet (fr\u00E5n gr. pyr-, \"eld\" och elektricitet), elektrisk sp\u00E4nning som uppkommer i vissa kristaller d\u00E5 materialet uppv\u00E4rms. F\u00F6r\u00E4ndringen i temperaturen g\u00F6r att positiva och negativa laddningar r\u00F6r sig \u00E5t motsatta sidor genom s.k. migration och d\u00E4rmed etableras ett elektriskt f\u00E4lt. Numera anv\u00E4nds syntetiskt framst\u00E4llda f\u00F6reningar, men fenomenet uppt\u00E4cktes i kvarts, turmalin och andra . Den tidigaste uppt\u00E4ckten dateras till 314 f.Kr. d\u00E5 Theofrastos uppt\u00E4ckte att turmalin blir elektriskt laddad d\u00E5 det uppv\u00E4rms. Pyroelektriska effekter finns \u00E4ven i ben och senor."@sv . "Pyroelektrizit\u00E4t (griech. pyrein, \u03C0\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 pyro = \u201Ebrennen, ich brenne\u201C, auch: pyroelektrischer Effekt, pyroelektrische Polarisation) ist die Eigenschaft einiger piezoelektrischer Kristalle, auf eine Temperatur\u00E4nderung \u0394T mit Ladungstrennung zu reagieren. Pyroelektrizit\u00E4t tritt nur in den folgenden zehn Kristallklassen auf: 1, m, 2, mm2, 3, 3m, 4, 4mm, 6 und 6mm."@de . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0647\u064A \u0642\u062F\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0639\u0644\u064A \u062A\u0648\u0644\u064A\u062F \u062C\u0647\u062F \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062A \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u062A\u0633\u062E\u064A\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062A\u0628\u0631\u064A\u062F\u0647\u0627.\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u063A\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u062F\u0631\u062C\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064A\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u0639\u062F\u064A\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0642\u0644\u064A\u0644\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0643\u064A\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062D\u062F\u062B \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u062F\u064A\u0644\u060C \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064A\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0647\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062F\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D\u062A \u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062B\u0627\u0628\u062A\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064A\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0647\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064A \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064A\u062E\u062A\u0641\u064A \u062A\u062F\u0631\u064A\u062C\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062A\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A\u0627\u0631 (\u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062A\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062A\u062D\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062A\u060C \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064A\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621)."@ar . . "Piroelectricitat"@ca . . . . "Pyroelektricitet (fr\u00E5n gr. pyr-, \"eld\" och elektricitet), elektrisk sp\u00E4nning som uppkommer i vissa kristaller d\u00E5 materialet uppv\u00E4rms. F\u00F6r\u00E4ndringen i temperaturen g\u00F6r att positiva och negativa laddningar r\u00F6r sig \u00E5t motsatta sidor genom s.k. migration och d\u00E4rmed etableras ett elektriskt f\u00E4lt. Numera anv\u00E4nds syntetiskt framst\u00E4llda f\u00F6reningar, men fenomenet uppt\u00E4cktes i kvarts, turmalin och andra . Den tidigaste uppt\u00E4ckten dateras till 314 f.Kr. d\u00E5 Theofrastos uppt\u00E4ckte att turmalin blir elektriskt laddad d\u00E5 det uppv\u00E4rms. Pyroelektriska effekter finns \u00E4ven i ben och senor. Uppst\u00E5r endast i kristaller som saknar . De pyroelektriska laddningarna sprider sig p\u00E5 motsatta sidor i den asymmetriska kristallen. Riktningen som laddningarna utbreder sig i \u00E4r ofta konstant i pyroelektriska material, men kan modifieras genom ett p\u00E5lagt elektriskt f\u00E4lt. Materialen s\u00E4gs uppvisa . Samtliga pyroelektriska material \u00E4r \u00E4ven piezoelektriska, eftersom egenskaperna \u00E4r n\u00E4ra besl\u00E4ktade. Framsteg har gjorts i att utveckla artificiella pyroelektriska material, vanligtvis i formen tunna filmer. Dessa framst\u00E4lls fr\u00E5n f\u00F6reningarna galliumnitrid (GaN), (CsNO3), , derivat av fenylpyrazin, och koboltftalocyanin."@sv . . . . . "This claim needs references to reliable sources."@en . . . . . "Pyro\u00E9lectricit\u00E9"@fr . . . "citaded"@en . . . . "\uCD08\uC804\uAE30(\u7126\u96FB\u6C23)\uB294 \uC628\uB3C4 \uBCC0\uD654\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uC720\uC804\uCCB4\uC758 \uBD84\uADF9 (\uD45C\uBA74 \uC804\uD558)\uC774 \uBCC0\uD654\uD558\uB294 \uD604\uC0C1\uC744 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . "\u7126\u96FB\u52B9\u679C\uFF08\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3067\u3093\u3053\u3046\u304B\u3001\u82F1: pyroelectric effect\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u6E29\u5EA6\u5909\u5316\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8A98\u96FB\u4F53\u306E\u5206\u6975\uFF08\uFF09\u304C\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308B\u73FE\u8C61\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306E\u73FE\u8C61\u3092\u793A\u3059\u7269\u8CEA\u306F\u3001\u7126\u96FB\u4F53\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002\u7126\u96FB\u4F53\u306F\u5727\u96FB\u52B9\u679C\u3092\u793A\u3059\u306E\u3067\u3001\u5727\u96FB\u4F53\u306E\u4E00\u7A2E\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002\u307E\u305F\u3001\u5F37\u8A98\u96FB\u4F53\u306F\u5FC5\u305A\u7126\u96FB\u4F53\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u96FB\u6C17\u77F3\u306F\u7126\u96FB\u52B9\u679C\u3092\u793A\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304B\u3089\u3053\u306E\u540D\u524D\u304C\u4ED8\u3051\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002 \u306A\u304A\u3001pyroelectric \u306F\u7126\u96FB\u6C17\u306E\u307B\u304B\u306B\u30D1\u30A4\u30ED\u96FB\u6C17\u3084\u30D4\u30ED\u96FB\u6C17\u3068\u3082\u8A33\u3055\u308C\u30011824\u5E74\u306B\u30D6\u30EA\u30E5\u30FC\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u306B\u3088\u308A\u30AE\u30EA\u30B7\u30E3\u8A9E\u3067 fire \u306E\u610F\u306E pyro \u304B\u3089\u540D\u4ED8\u3051\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . "\u71B1\u91CB\u96FB\u6027"@zh . . . . . "Piroelektrisitas adalah kemampuan bahan-bahan tertentu untuk menghasilkan sebuah potensial listrik saat bahan-bahan itu dipanaskan atau didinginkan. Akibat perubahan suhu ini, muatan positif serta negatif bergerak ke ujung-ujung yang berhadapan/berlawanan melalui migrasi (misalnya bahan menjadi ) dan dengan begitu, terbentuklah sebuah potensial listrik."@in . "Pirileictreachas"@ga . . "1110901901"^^ . "\u7126\u96FB\u52B9\u679C\uFF08\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3067\u3093\u3053\u3046\u304B\u3001\u82F1: pyroelectric effect\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u6E29\u5EA6\u5909\u5316\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8A98\u96FB\u4F53\u306E\u5206\u6975\uFF08\uFF09\u304C\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308B\u73FE\u8C61\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306E\u73FE\u8C61\u3092\u793A\u3059\u7269\u8CEA\u306F\u3001\u7126\u96FB\u4F53\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002\u7126\u96FB\u4F53\u306F\u5727\u96FB\u52B9\u679C\u3092\u793A\u3059\u306E\u3067\u3001\u5727\u96FB\u4F53\u306E\u4E00\u7A2E\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002\u307E\u305F\u3001\u5F37\u8A98\u96FB\u4F53\u306F\u5FC5\u305A\u7126\u96FB\u4F53\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u96FB\u6C17\u77F3\u306F\u7126\u96FB\u52B9\u679C\u3092\u793A\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304B\u3089\u3053\u306E\u540D\u524D\u304C\u4ED8\u3051\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002 \u306A\u304A\u3001pyroelectric \u306F\u7126\u96FB\u6C17\u306E\u307B\u304B\u306B\u30D1\u30A4\u30ED\u96FB\u6C17\u3084\u30D4\u30ED\u96FB\u6C17\u3068\u3082\u8A33\u3055\u308C\u30011824\u5E74\u306B\u30D6\u30EA\u30E5\u30FC\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u306B\u3088\u308A\u30AE\u30EA\u30B7\u30E3\u8A9E\u3067 fire \u306E\u610F\u306E pyro \u304B\u3089\u540D\u4ED8\u3051\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002"@ja . "T\u00E1 criostail ar leith ann ina n-athra\u00EDonn an mh\u00F3imint dh\u00E9pholach leictreach ioml\u00E1n leis an teocht, ach a bh\u00EDonn neamh\u00EDogair do r\u00E9imse leictreach a chuirtear i bhfeidhm orthu (mar shampla, niab\u00E1it litiam, LiNbO3). Gaol acu le h\u00E1bhair fhear\u00F3ileictreacha."@ga . . . . . "\uCD08\uC804\uAE30(\u7126\u96FB\u6C23)\uB294 \uC628\uB3C4 \uBCC0\uD654\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uC720\uC804\uCCB4\uC758 \uBD84\uADF9 (\uD45C\uBA74 \uC804\uD558)\uC774 \uBCC0\uD654\uD558\uB294 \uD604\uC0C1\uC744 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4."@ko . "Piroeletricidade"@pt . "La piroelectricitat es tracta de la polaritzaci\u00F3 electroest\u00E0tica de cristalls allargats, per l'acci\u00F3 de la temperatura. Aquesta propietat es dona en cristalls dotats d'eixos polars. Els extrems d'aquests eixos es carreguen amb electricitat de signe oposat, mentre s'esclafa el cristall i mentre es refreda (amb inversi\u00F3 de pols), per\u00F2 no si la temperatura roman estacion\u00E0ria."@ca . . "Piroelektrisitas adalah kemampuan bahan-bahan tertentu untuk menghasilkan sebuah potensial listrik saat bahan-bahan itu dipanaskan atau didinginkan. Akibat perubahan suhu ini, muatan positif serta negatif bergerak ke ujung-ujung yang berhadapan/berlawanan melalui migrasi (misalnya bahan menjadi ) dan dengan begitu, terbentuklah sebuah potensial listrik."@in . "\u041F\u0438\u0440\u043E\u044D\u043B\u0435\u0301\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438 (\u043E\u0442 \u0434\u0440.-\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u03C0\u1FE6\u03C1 \u2014 \u043E\u0433\u043E\u043D\u044C) \u2014 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438, \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 (\u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439) \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u0442\u043E \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u043E\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043D\u0435\u0448\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439."@ru . . . . "Pyroelektrick\u00FD jev je schopnost n\u011Bkter\u00FDch krystal\u016F generovat elektrick\u00FD n\u00E1boj p\u0159i zm\u011Bn\u011B teploty. Je obdobou piezoelektrick\u00E9ho jevu, p\u0159i n\u011Bm\u017E vznik\u00E1 elektrick\u00FD n\u00E1boj na povrchu krystalu p\u0159i mechanick\u00E9m stla\u010Den\u00ED. Jev je zn\u00E1m ji\u017E od 17. stolet\u00ED, kdy byl pozorov\u00E1n na krystalu turmal\u00EDnu. Ten p\u0159i vhozen\u00ED do hork\u00E9ho popela nejprve jeho \u010D\u00E1ste\u010Dky p\u0159itahuje a pozd\u011Bji, po oh\u0159\u00E1t\u00ED, naopak odpuzuje. Pyroelektrick\u00FD jev na krystalech ledu v kumulonimbech je t\u00E9\u017E podstatou vzniku elektrick\u00FDch v\u00FDboj\u016F (blesk\u016F) p\u0159i bou\u0159ce."@cs . . . . "Pyroelektrizit\u00E4t"@de . "Het pyro-elektrisch effect (Oudgrieks: \u03C0\u1FE6\u03C1, pur is vuur) is een elektrische spanning die ontstaat als sommige materialen worden verhit. Het effect is origineel ontdekt in natuurlijke materialen zoals kwarts en toermalijn, en sindsdien zijn ook kunststoffen gemaakt die het effect vertonen. Zowel bot als peesmateriaal vertonen een pyro-elektrisch effect. Alle materialen die het pyro-elektrisch effect vertonen, vertonen ook het gerelateerde pi\u00EBzo-elektrisch effect."@nl . . . "\u041F\u0438\u0440\u043E\u044D\u043B\u0435\u0301\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438 (\u043E\u0442 \u0434\u0440.-\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u03C0\u1FE6\u03C1 \u2014 \u043E\u0433\u043E\u043D\u044C) \u2014 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438, \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 (\u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439) \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u0442\u043E \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u043E\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043D\u0435\u0448\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439."@ru . . "2016-03-03"^^ . "La piroelettricit\u00E0 pu\u00F2 essere descritta come la propriet\u00E0 di certi materiali di generare una temporanea differenza di potenziale tra gli estremi quando sono scaldati o raffreddati. I materiali piroelettrici sono isolanti e l'effetto dipende dalla variazione di polarizzazione elettrica con la temperatura. Molto semplicemente si ha che il cambiamento di temperatura modifica leggermente la posizione di alcuni atomi nella struttura cristallina, e di conseguenza cambia la polarizzazione elettrica del materiale.Si ha quindi un temporaneo accumulo di cariche elettriche di segno opposto (da cui deriva la differenza di potenziale) sulle facce opposte di certi cristalli in risposta a un cambiamento di temperatura.L'accumulo avviene su facce ortogonali rispetto a un asse di simmetria noto come asse termico. La faccia che viene caricata positivamente viene chiamata \"polo analogo\", mentre la faccia opposta \u00E8 detta \"polo antilogo\". L'effetto non \u00E8 permanente, in quanto se la variazione di temperatura rimane costante, si ha che le cariche libere nell'aria annullano la differenza di potenziale o semplicemente la corrente di perdita dovuta alla debole conducibilit\u00E0 del cristallo annulla la differenza di potenziale. Tale propriet\u00E0 \u00E8 attualmente utilizzata per fabbricare sensori molto comuni per la rivelazione di radiazione infrarossa. Il nome piroelettricit\u00E0 viene dalla combinazione di due parole greche \u03C0\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2, che vuol dire fuoco, ed \u1F24\u03BB\u03B5\u03BA\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD, che vuol dire ambra da cui elettricit\u00E0. Esiste anche una piroelettricit\u00E0 inversa: quando tra le superfici di un cristallo polare si applica una differenza di potenziale si avr\u00E0 una variazione di temperatura del cristallo stesso.Questo effetto si manifesta solo in cristalli che hanno una polarizzazione permanente; la struttura cristallina predominante per questi materiali \u00E8 quella delle perovskiti."@it . "La piroelettricit\u00E0 pu\u00F2 essere descritta come la propriet\u00E0 di certi materiali di generare una temporanea differenza di potenziale tra gli estremi quando sono scaldati o raffreddati. I materiali piroelettrici sono isolanti e l'effetto dipende dalla variazione di polarizzazione elettrica con la temperatura. Molto semplicemente si ha che il cambiamento di temperatura modifica leggermente la posizione di alcuni atomi nella struttura cristallina, e di conseguenza cambia la polarizzazione elettrica del materiale.Si ha quindi un temporaneo accumulo di cariche elettriche di segno opposto (da cui deriva la differenza di potenziale) sulle facce opposte di certi cristalli in risposta a un cambiamento di temperatura.L'accumulo avviene su facce ortogonali rispetto a un asse di simmetria noto come asse t"@it . . . "Piroelektrizitate"@eu . . "Piroelektreco (greke: pirejn, piro = \u201Ebruli, mi brulas\u201C, anka\u016D: pirolektra efiko, piroelektra polarizo) estas la eco de kelkaj piezoelektraj kristaloj, reagi al tempa temperatur\u015Dan\u011Di\u011Do \u0394T per separo de la \u015Dargo. Piroelektreco trovi\u011Das nur \u0109e piezoelektraj kristaloj, sed ne \u0109e \u0109iuj."@eo . . . .