. . . "Le g\u00E9nie militaire \u00E0 l'\u00E9poque romaine \u00E9tait un corps form\u00E9 par des ing\u00E9nieurs, des architectes, des g\u00E9om\u00E8tres, des menuisiers et des forgerons, sous le commandement d'un et int\u00E9gr\u00E9 aux l\u00E9gions romaines (au moins jusqu'au IIe si\u00E8cle). Sa fonction \u00E9tait d'apporter un support technique aux arm\u00E9es romaines r\u00E9publicaine et imp\u00E9riale, en dirigeant les travaux pendant la construction d\u2019\u0153uvres d'ing\u00E9nierie militaire. Les simples soldats constituaient la main d\u2019\u0153uvre n\u00E9cessaire pour la r\u00E9alisation des constructions. Le g\u00E9nie militaire \u00E9tait en fait compos\u00E9 d'ouvriers et d'artisans de la soci\u00E9t\u00E9 romaine. Les premiers membres sont attribu\u00E9s au roi Servius Tullius qui aurait cr\u00E9\u00E9 deux centuries."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "1081670831"^^ . "Il Genio militare in epoca romana, fu un corpo formato da ingegneri, architetti, geometri, falegnami, fabbri (sotto il comando nelle singole legioni di un Praefectus fabrum, almeno fino al II secolo a.C.), la cui funzione era di dare un supporto tecnico alle armate repubblicane e imperiali romane, nel dirigere i lavori durante la costruzione di opere di ingegneria militare. I semplici soldati costituivano invece la manovalanza necessaria per la realizzazione delle costruzioni. Il compito principale del genio era, pertanto, quello di fornire un adeguato supporto tecnico alle unit\u00E0 combattenti negli spostamenti (con la costruzione dell'accampamento di marcia, di ponti militari, strade, ecc.), nelle operazioni d'assedio di citt\u00E0 nemiche (con la realizzazione di macchine d'assedio, rampe e terrapieni, cordoni di mura intorno alle citt\u00E0 assediate, ecc.), nella realizzazione di opere a protezione dei confini provinciali (es. vallo di Adriano, limes germanico-retico, castra stativa, ecc.), fino alla costruzione di opere civili in tempo di pace (come le mura a protezione di importanti colonie in noti strategici \"chiave\", ad esempio Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa o Aosta; acquedotti, anfiteatri, ponti in muratura, ecc.)."@it . . "Il Genio militare in epoca romana, fu un corpo formato da ingegneri, architetti, geometri, falegnami, fabbri (sotto il comando nelle singole legioni di un Praefectus fabrum, almeno fino al II secolo a.C.), la cui funzione era di dare un supporto tecnico alle armate repubblicane e imperiali romane, nel dirigere i lavori durante la costruzione di opere di ingegneria militare. I semplici soldati costituivano invece la manovalanza necessaria per la realizzazione delle costruzioni."@it . . . . . "G\u00E9nie militaire (Rome antique)"@fr . . . 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"8993"^^ . . . . "The military engineering of Ancient Rome's armed forces was of a scale and frequency far beyond that of any of its contemporaries. Indeed, military engineering was in many ways institutionally endemic in Roman military culture, as demonstrated by each Roman legionary having as part of his equipment a shovel, alongside his gladius (sword) and pila (spears). Roman military engineering took both routine and extraordinary forms, the former a proactive part of standard military procedure, and the latter of an extraordinary or reactionary nature."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . "Roman military engineering"@en . . . . . 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"Le g\u00E9nie militaire \u00E0 l'\u00E9poque romaine \u00E9tait un corps form\u00E9 par des ing\u00E9nieurs, des architectes, des g\u00E9om\u00E8tres, des menuisiers et des forgerons, sous le commandement d'un et int\u00E9gr\u00E9 aux l\u00E9gions romaines (au moins jusqu'au IIe si\u00E8cle). Sa fonction \u00E9tait d'apporter un support technique aux arm\u00E9es romaines r\u00E9publicaine et imp\u00E9riale, en dirigeant les travaux pendant la construction d\u2019\u0153uvres d'ing\u00E9nierie militaire. Les simples soldats constituaient la main d\u2019\u0153uvre n\u00E9cessaire pour la r\u00E9alisation des constructions. Le g\u00E9nie militaire \u00E9tait en fait compos\u00E9 d'ouvriers et d'artisans de la soci\u00E9t\u00E9 romaine. Les premiers membres sont attribu\u00E9s au roi Servius Tullius qui aurait cr\u00E9\u00E9 deux centuries. La principale t\u00E2che du g\u00E9nie \u00E9tait, par cons\u00E9quent, de fournir un soutien technique ad\u00E9quat aux unit\u00E9s combattantes lors des d\u00E9placements (avec la construction du camp de marche, des ponts militaires, des routes\u2026), des op\u00E9rations de si\u00E8ge de villes ennemies (avec la construction d'armes de si\u00E8ge, des rampes et des remblais, des palissades autour des villes assi\u00E9g\u00E9es\u2026), en cr\u00E9ant des \u0153uvres de protection des fronti\u00E8res provinciales (par exemple le mur d'Hadrien, le limes germanico-rh\u00E9tique, les castra stativa\u2026), jusqu'\u00E0 la construction de structures de g\u00E9nie civil en temps de paix (comme les murs pour prot\u00E9ger les colonies reconnues comme \u00AB strat\u00E9giques \u00BB, comme \u00E0 Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa ou Augusta Pr\u00E6toria Salassorum, des aqueducs, des amphith\u00E9\u00E2tres, des ponts de pierre\u2026)."@fr . . . . . . "7788962"^^ . . . . . "Genio militare (storia romana)"@it . . . . . . . "The military engineering of Ancient Rome's armed forces was of a scale and frequency far beyond that of any of its contemporaries. Indeed, military engineering was in many ways institutionally endemic in Roman military culture, as demonstrated by each Roman legionary having as part of his equipment a shovel, alongside his gladius (sword) and pila (spears). Fabri were workers, craftsmen or artisans in Roman society and descriptions of early Roman army structure (Phalanx, the Legion came around the conquest of Greece) attributed to king Servius Tullius describe there being two centuriae of fabri under an officer, the praefectus fabrum. Roman military engineering took both routine and extraordinary forms, the former a proactive part of standard military procedure, and the latter of an extraordinary or reactionary nature."@en . . . . . . . .