. . . . . . . . "1122420981"^^ . "19755246"^^ . . . . "Salt in the American Civil War"@en . . . . . . . "Sel pendant la guerre de S\u00E9cession"@fr . . "Le sel est une ressource strat\u00E9gique durant la guerre de S\u00E9cession. Il sert alors \u00E0 la conservation des aliments mais est aussi n\u00E9cessaire au traitement du cuir. Les plus importantes salines de la Conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration sont situ\u00E9es \u00E0 Saltville, en Virginie. \u00C0 la fin de l'ann\u00E9e 1864, l'arm\u00E9e de l'Union tente par deux fois d'occuper ces salines qui constituent la derni\u00E8re source de sel pour les \u00C9tats orientaux de la Conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration. En octobre 1864, les conf\u00E9d\u00E9r\u00E9s parvinrent \u00E0 repousser les forces de l'Union lors de la premi\u00E8re bataille de Saltville mais, en d\u00E9cembre, lors de la seconde bataille de Saltville, les nordistes men\u00E9s par George Stoneman r\u00E9ussissent \u00E0 endommager les salines. Deux mois plus tard, les conf\u00E9d\u00E9r\u00E9s parviennent \u00E0 les remettre en fonctionnement, la destruction du r\u00E9seau ferr\u00E9 alen"@fr . "Salt was a crucial resource during the American Civil War. It not only preserved food in the days before refrigeration, but was also vital in the curing of leather. Union General William Tecumseh Sherman once said that \"salt is eminently contraband\", as an army that has salt can adequately feed its men. The most important saltworks for the Confederacy were at Saltville, Virginia. In late 1864, the Union army twice advanced to capture the saltworks, as it was the last prominent source of salt for the eastern Confederate states. The October 1864 First Battle of Saltville saw the Confederate able to repulse the charge, but the next December in the Second Battle of Saltville Union forces under George Stoneman managed to destroy the vital saltworks. Two months later the salt works were back to work for the Confederacy, although the destroyed railroad system around the area hampered its distribution. In Georgia, the price of salt depended on one's family circumstances. Heads of families could purchase a half-bushel of salt for $2.50. If a widow had a son in the Confederate army, the price was only $1.00. But if the widow's husband had served his nation, the price was free. Local court clerks sent salt requests to the state government, which in turn allotted salt to the counties as requested. One way Southern families acquired salt was to boil the dirt in areas where they had previously cured meats. Florida's greatest contribution to the Confederate war effort was in producing salt. With a total investment of $10 million, Florida salt plants worked 24 hours a day boiling salt from sea water, mostly in the area between Saint Andrews Bay and St. Marks, Florida. Occasionally, Union forces came ashore just to destroy the boilers. Confederate law exempted salt makers from the draft, which rendered saltmaking a popular profession in wartime Florida. The estimated workforce involved in saltmaking there numbered 5,000. Avery Island, off the Louisiana coast, gave the Confederacy a huge supply of rock salt until the Union captured it. It was not realized at the time that there were structures similar to the Avery Island salt dome all along the Louisiana and Texas coasts of the Gulf of Mexico which could have provided an additional source of salt."@en . . . . . . . . "Le sel est une ressource strat\u00E9gique durant la guerre de S\u00E9cession. Il sert alors \u00E0 la conservation des aliments mais est aussi n\u00E9cessaire au traitement du cuir. Les plus importantes salines de la Conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration sont situ\u00E9es \u00E0 Saltville, en Virginie. \u00C0 la fin de l'ann\u00E9e 1864, l'arm\u00E9e de l'Union tente par deux fois d'occuper ces salines qui constituent la derni\u00E8re source de sel pour les \u00C9tats orientaux de la Conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration. En octobre 1864, les conf\u00E9d\u00E9r\u00E9s parvinrent \u00E0 repousser les forces de l'Union lors de la premi\u00E8re bataille de Saltville mais, en d\u00E9cembre, lors de la seconde bataille de Saltville, les nordistes men\u00E9s par George Stoneman r\u00E9ussissent \u00E0 endommager les salines. Deux mois plus tard, les conf\u00E9d\u00E9r\u00E9s parviennent \u00E0 les remettre en fonctionnement, la destruction du r\u00E9seau ferr\u00E9 alentour g\u00EAnant n\u00E9anmoins sa distribution. Les greffiers locaux envoient des demandes en sel au gouvernement de l'\u00C9tat qui, en retour, alloue du sel aux comt\u00E9s en fonction des demandes. Certains historiens affirment que la contribution la plus importante de la Floride \u00E0 l'effort de guerre de la Conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration est la production de sel. Les salines de cet \u00C9tat, financ\u00E9es par un investissement de 10 millions de dollars, produisent alors nuit et jour du sel obtenu par \u00E9bullition d'eau de mer. Cette industrie est situ\u00E9e principalement dans la zone situ\u00E9e entre et . Plusieurs fois, les forces de l'Union d\u00E9barquent sur la c\u00F4te uniquement pour d\u00E9truire les chaudi\u00E8res. La l\u00E9gislation de la Conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration exempte de la conscription les personnes travaillant dans l'industrie du sel, ce qui rend tr\u00E8s attractifs les m\u00E9tiers du sel en Floride o\u00F9 l'on estime que 5 000 personnes travaillent. L'\u00EEle Petite Anse, au large de la c\u00F4te de Louisiane, fournit aux \u00C9tats du Sud une importante source de sel gemme jusqu'\u00E0 ce que l'Union prenne l'\u00EEle. N\u00E9anmoins, les conf\u00E9d\u00E9r\u00E9s ne r\u00E9alis\u00E8rent jamais que des d\u00E9p\u00F4ts de sel similaires se trouvent tout au long des c\u00F4tes de la Louisiane et du Texas dans le golfe du Mexique, ce qui aurait grandement facilit\u00E9 leur approvisionnement s'ils en avaient pris conscience."@fr . . . . "4264"^^ . "Salt was a crucial resource during the American Civil War. It not only preserved food in the days before refrigeration, but was also vital in the curing of leather. Union General William Tecumseh Sherman once said that \"salt is eminently contraband\", as an army that has salt can adequately feed its men."@en . . . . . . . .