. . . . . . . "Colonial:"@en . "{{namespace detect | category = |main=| other= \u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89 \u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89 \u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ASecond Boer War\uFF1B\u8377\u862D\u8A9E\uFF1ATweede Boerenoorlog\uFF1B\u5357\u975E\u8A9E\uFF1ATweede Vryheidsoorlog\uFF0FTweede Boereoorlog\uFF1B1899\u5E7410\u670811\u65E5\uFF0D1902\u5E745\u670831\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u573A\u82F1\u56FD\u4E0E\u5DDD\u65AF\u74E6\u5171\u548C\u570B\u548C\u5965\u5170\u6CBB\u81EA\u7531\u90A6\u4E4B\u95F4\u7684\u6218\u4E89\u3002\u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89\u4E5F\u662F\u8C61\u5FB5\u5927\u82F1\u5E1D\u570B\u7531\u76DB\u800C\u8870\u7684\u958B\u59CB\u3002"@zh . . "II wojna burska"@pl . . . . . . . . . . "South Australia" . . "\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 ((\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Second Boer War)\u200F\u060C (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog)\u200F)\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627\u064B \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u062C\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631\u060C \u064A\u062F\u0639\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0647\u064A \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u062A\u062F\u062A \u0645\u0646 11 \u0623\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0628\u0631 1899 \u0625\u0644\u0649 31 \u0645\u0627\u064A\u0648 1902\u060C \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u062A\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631\u061B \u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u062C\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0644) \u0648\u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0647\u062A \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A. \u062A\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062E\u0627\u0636\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060C \u062D\u064A\u062B \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0641\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u062D\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064A 200 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u062C\u0646\u064A\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u062A\u0631\u0644\u064A\u0646\u064A (\u062A\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0646\u062D\u0648 200 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u062C\u0646\u064A\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0631\u0644\u064A\u0646\u064A \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 2014)\u060C \u0631\u063A\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062A\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060C \u0641\u0642\u062F \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u062A\u0639\u062F\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 500,000\u060C \u0641\u064A\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064A\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062A\u0639\u062F\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0645\u0646 88,000 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062A\u0644."@ar . "Before Federation in 1901, Australian involvement in the war consisted of forces from the following separate colonies:"@en . . . . . . "New South Wales"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Victoria" . . . . . . "Irish volunteers"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The bearer, <prisoner name> has been released from prison of war camp <Camp name> on signing that he acknowledge terms of surrender and becomes a British subject."@en . "The Jameson Raid"@en . "Dara Cogadh na mB\u00F3rach"@ga . . . . . . . . "*" . . "100,000" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Russian volunteers"@en . "French volunteers" . . . . . "Perang Boer Kedua (bahasa Belanda: Tweede Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans:Tweede Vryheidsoorlog atau Tweede Boereoorlog), meletus antara 11 Oktober 1899 hingga 31 Mei 1902. Perang ini terjadi antara Kekaisaran Britania melawan penduduk Boer yang berbahasa Belanda di dua negara merdeka: Republik Transvaal dan Negara Bebas Oranje. Perang ini berakhir dengan kemenangan Britania, dan wilayah kedua negara dianeksasi, membentuk Uni Afrika Selatan sebagai bagian dari persemakmuran. Ernest Douwes Dekker, pahlawan nasional Indonesia, pernah terlibat dalam perang ini di pihak Republik Transvaal."@in . . . . "Rudolph Lambart"@en . "Andra boerkriget 1899\u20131902 utk\u00E4mpades om herrav\u00E4ldet i Sydafrika mellan boerrepublikerna Transvaal och Oranjefristaten underst\u00F6dda av en boerresning i vissa delar av Kapkolonin p\u00E5 den ena sidan, mot Storbritannien p\u00E5 den andra sidan. F\u00F6rsta boerkriget utspelades 1880\u20131881. Kriget kom att bli milit\u00E4rhistoriskt betydelsefullt p\u00E5 m\u00E5nga s\u00E4tt. Kriget var det f\u00F6rsta d\u00E4r taggtr\u00E5d anv\u00E4ndes f\u00F6rsvarstekniskt i st\u00F6rre sammanhang. Framg\u00E5ngarna f\u00F6r boernas sm\u00E5 skyttegrupper med v\u00E4lkamouflerade soldater mot m\u00E5ngdubbelt st\u00F6rre brittiska enheter kom att inneb\u00E4ra att man ins\u00E5g betydelsen av att fr\u00E5ng\u00E5 den traditionella slagf\u00E4ltsstrategin med stora infanterigrupper som r\u00F6rde sig fram\u00E5t i \u00F6ppen terr\u00E4ng. De brittiska soldaternas r\u00F6da rockar som p\u00E5 l\u00E5ngt h\u00E5ll blev m\u00E5ltavlor f\u00F6r boersoldaterna var ocks\u00E5 n\u00E5got som slutade med efter detta krig, och det p\u00E5verkade uniformsutvecklingen i hela v\u00E4rlden. I Sverige antogs uniform m/1906 som var direkt inspirerad av boersoldaternas uniform."@sv . . . . . . "6189"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Second Boer War"@en . . "\u0394\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03A0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039C\u03C0\u03CC\u03B5\u03C1\u03C2"@el . . . . . "20000"^^ . "Second Boer War"@en . . . . "Queensland"@en . . . . . . . . . . "African auxiliaries:"@en . . . . "Perang Boer Kedua"@in . . "Dua Bura milito"@eo . . . "Basutoland" . . "British victory\n* Conquest and dissolution of the South African Republic and Orange Free State\n* Treaty of Vereeniging"@en . . . . "\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0433\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0301\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430\u0301 \u2014 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A \u2014 \u041E\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0456 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043B\u044E, \u0449\u043E \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437 1899 \u043F\u043E 1902 \u0440\u0456\u043A. \u041E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0437 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0454\u043D \u0435\u043F\u043E\u0445\u0438 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u0412 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0456 \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457 , \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0430\u043B\u043C\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0437\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0442\u0430. \u041D\u0430\u0442\u0445\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0435\u043A\u043B\u0456 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438 \u0421\u0435\u0441\u0456\u043B\u044C \u0420\u043E\u0434\u0441 \u0456 . \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043B \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0457\u0457 \u043D\u0430\u0434\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u0436\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C, \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0435\u043A\u043B\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u043F\u0456\u0440 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u0434\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0433\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457. 1902 \u0437\u0430 \u0424\u0456\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0456\u043D\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0434\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0438 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043E \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . "B'\u00E9 Dara Cogadh na mB\u00F3rach (n\u00F3 an Dara Cogadh Angla-B\u00F3rach) an cogadh a chuir an Bhreatain Mh\u00F3r ar na B\u00F3raigh, \u00F3 11 Deireadh F\u00F3mhair 1899 go dt\u00ED an 31 Bealtaine 1902. Bh\u00ED Paul Kruger ina uachtar\u00E1n ar an ag an am, ceann de na ceantair a bh\u00ED ag iarraidh deireadh a chur le ceannas na Breataine ansi\u00FAd. Bh\u00ED dh\u00E1 phoblacht neamhsple\u00E1ch ag na B\u00F3raigh, mar at\u00E1, an agus Poblacht Transvaal (Poblacht na hAfraice Theas) a bh\u00ED mar naimhde ag an Impireacht Bhriotanach. I ndiaidh cath fada faidr\u00E9iseach a chur ar na Sasanaigh, chaill na poblachta\u00ED seo an cogadh, agus rinneadh cuid den Impireacht d\u00EDobh."@ga . . . . . . . . . . "Christiaan de Wet"@en . . . "Druga wojna burska \u2013 wojna toczona pomi\u0119dzy burskimi republikami Transwalu i Oranii a imperium brytyjskim w latach 1899\u20131902. Pomimo pocz\u0105tkowych sukces\u00F3w Bur\u00F3w, zwyci\u0119stwo przypad\u0142o Brytyjczykom. Walki partyzanckie trwa\u0142y jednak jeszcze przez dwa lata. Op\u00F3r podtrzymywa\u0142o wsparcie w uzbrojeniu z pobliskiej Niemieckiej Afryki Po\u0142udniowo-Zachodniej i nadzieja na obiecan\u0105 interwencj\u0119 Cesarstwa Niemieckiego. W czasie wojny Burowie organizowali samodzielne oddzia\u0142y komandos\u00F3w, stawiaj\u0105ce skuteczny op\u00F3r."@pl . . . "22828"^^ . . . . . . "New South Wales" . . . . . . . . . . "Segunda guerra b\u00F3er"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "[The hotel] lay now calm and innocent, with its open windows looking out upon a smiling garden; but death lurked at the windows and death in the garden, and the little dark man who stood by the door, peering through his glass at the approaching column, was the minister of death, the dangerous Cronje."@en . "Foreign volunteers:"@en . . . . . . . . . . "La seconde guerre des Boers (en anglais : Second Boer War ; en afrikaans : Tweede Vryheidsoorlog), g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement d\u00E9sign\u00E9e comme la guerre des Boers ou encore la guerre d'Afrique du Sud (en dehors de l'Afrique du Sud), la deuxi\u00E8me guerre anglo-boer (chez de nombreux Sud-Africains) et en afrikaans Boereoorlog ou Tweede Vryheidsoorlog (deuxi\u00E8me guerre de Lib\u00E9ration), d\u00E9signe le second conflit intervenu en Afrique du Sud du 11 octobre 1899 au 31 mai 1902, entre les Britanniques et les habitants des deux principales r\u00E9publiques boers ind\u00E9pendantes. Elle fait suite \u00E0 la premi\u00E8re guerre des Boers. \u00C0 la fin de ce deuxi\u00E8me conflit, les deux r\u00E9publiques boers, l'\u00C9tat libre d'Orange et la r\u00E9publique sud-africaine du Transvaal, perdirent leur ind\u00E9pendance et furent int\u00E9gr\u00E9es \u00E0 l'Empire britannique. Cependant, d'importantes concessions furent accord\u00E9es aux deux r\u00E9publiques. Les Boers \u00E9taient les descendants des premiers colons d'origine n\u00E9erlandaise, allemande et fran\u00E7aises, arriv\u00E9s en Afrique du Sud aux XVIIe et XVIIIe si\u00E8cles. Le terme de Boer (paysan ou fermier en n\u00E9erlandais), qui d\u00E9signait principalement les habitants des r\u00E9publiques boers, laissera, au XXe si\u00E8cle, la place \u00E0 celui d'Afrikaner pour d\u00E9signer l'ensemble de cette nation blanche d'Afrique du Sud."@fr . "100000"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Italian volunteers"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Baden-Powell"@en . . "Greek volunteers" . . . . . . . . . "50.0"^^ . . . . . . . . "Victoria"@en . . . . . "La seconde guerre des Boers (en anglais : Second Boer War ; en afrikaans : Tweede Vryheidsoorlog), g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement d\u00E9sign\u00E9e comme la guerre des Boers ou encore la guerre d'Afrique du Sud (en dehors de l'Afrique du Sud), la deuxi\u00E8me guerre anglo-boer (chez de nombreux Sud-Africains) et en afrikaans Boereoorlog ou Tweede Vryheidsoorlog (deuxi\u00E8me guerre de Lib\u00E9ration), d\u00E9signe le second conflit intervenu en Afrique du Sud du 11 octobre 1899 au 31 mai 1902, entre les Britanniques et les habitants des deux principales r\u00E9publiques boers ind\u00E9pendantes. Elle fait suite \u00E0 la premi\u00E8re guerre des Boers."@fr . . "Tasmania" . . . "Rhodesia" . . "10,000" . . . . "La Segona Guerra B\u00F2er (angl\u00E8s: Second Boer War; neerland\u00E8s: Tweede Boerenoorlog ; afrikaans: Tweede Boereoorlog), tamb\u00E9 coneguda com a Guerra dels B\u00F2ers, tingu\u00E9 lloc entre l'11 d'octubre de 1899 i el 31 de maig de 1902, entre l'Imperi Brit\u00E0nic i les dues rep\u00FAbliques independents b\u00F2ers de la Rep\u00FAblica Sud-africana i l'Estat Lliure d'Orange. El conflicte es coneix, tamb\u00E9, com a: Guerra Sud-africana, fora de Sud-\u00E0frica; Guerra Anglo-b\u00F2er, entre molts sud-africans (angl\u00E8s: Anglo-Boer war; afrikaans: Anglo-Boereoorlog); i, en afrikaans, com a Segona Guerra d'Alliberament (Tweede Vryheidsoorlog) o, simplement, com a Guerra Anglesa (Engelse oorlog)."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . "6000"^^ . "24000"^^ . . "Druh\u00E1 b\u00FArsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka"@cs . . "Dutch volunteers" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "347,000" . . . "Rhodesia"@en . . . . . . . . "1124328095"^^ . "25000"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Der Zweite Burenkrieg (auch S\u00FCdafrikanischer Krieg; englisch auch Second Anglo Boer War, \u201EZweiter Englisch-Burischer Krieg\u201C, Afrikaans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, \u201EZweiter Freiheitskrieg\u201C) von 1899 bis 1902 war ein Konflikt zwischen Gro\u00DFbritannien und den beiden Burenrepubliken Oranje-Freistaat und S\u00FCdafrikanische Republik (Transvaal), der mit deren Eingliederung in das britische Imperium endete. Ursachen waren das Streben Gro\u00DFbritanniens nach den Bodensch\u00E4tzen der Region innerhalb eines territorial geschlossenen Kolonialreichs in Afrika sowie die von Joseph Chamberlain zur imperialen Angelegenheit erkl\u00E4rte Bek\u00E4mpfung der Ausl\u00E4nderfeindlichkeit (keine Einb\u00FCrgerung und kein Wahlrecht f\u00FCr Uitlanders, also auch nicht von oder f\u00FCr Briten) in der Politik der S\u00FCdafrikanischen Republik."@de . . . . . . . "\uC81C2\uCC28 \uBCF4\uC5B4 \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 1899\uB144 10\uC6D4 11\uC77C\uC5D0 \uBC1C\uBC1C\uD55C \uB124\uB35C\uB780\uB4DC\uACC4 \uBCF4\uC5B4\uC778\uC774 \uC138\uC6B4 \uD2B8\uB780\uC2A4\uBC1C \uACF5\uD654\uAD6D \uBC0F \uC624\uB80C\uC9C0 \uC790\uC720\uAD6D(Oranje Vrystaat)\uC758 7\uB9CC \uC5F0\uD569\uAD70\uACFC \uC601\uAD6D 45\uB9CC \uAD70\uB300 \uC0AC\uC774\uC758 \uC804\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C, 1902\uB144 5\uC6D4 31\uC77C\uC5D0 \uC601\uAD6D\uC758 \uC2B9\uB9AC\uB85C \uC885\uACB0\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC601\uAD6D\uC774 \uC2B9\uB9AC\uD568\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uD2B8\uB780\uC2A4\uBC1C \uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uACFC \uC624\uB80C\uC9C0 \uC790\uC720\uAD6D\uC758 \uC601\uD1A0\uB294 \uCD5C\uC885\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC601\uAD6D\uC758 \uC2DD\uBBFC\uC9C0\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Total: ~125,284"@en . . . . . . "\uC81C2\uCC28 \uBCF4\uC5B4 \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 1899\uB144 10\uC6D4 11\uC77C\uC5D0 \uBC1C\uBC1C\uD55C \uB124\uB35C\uB780\uB4DC\uACC4 \uBCF4\uC5B4\uC778\uC774 \uC138\uC6B4 \uD2B8\uB780\uC2A4\uBC1C \uACF5\uD654\uAD6D \uBC0F \uC624\uB80C\uC9C0 \uC790\uC720\uAD6D(Oranje Vrystaat)\uC758 7\uB9CC \uC5F0\uD569\uAD70\uACFC \uC601\uAD6D 45\uB9CC \uAD70\uB300 \uC0AC\uC774\uC758 \uC804\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C, 1902\uB144 5\uC6D4 31\uC77C\uC5D0 \uC601\uAD6D\uC758 \uC2B9\uB9AC\uB85C \uC885\uACB0\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC601\uAD6D\uC774 \uC2B9\uB9AC\uD568\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uD2B8\uB780\uC2A4\uBC1C \uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uACFC \uC624\uB80C\uC9C0 \uC790\uC720\uAD6D\uC758 \uC601\uD1A0\uB294 \uCD5C\uC885\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC601\uAD6D\uC758 \uC2DD\uBBFC\uC9C0\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Cape Colony" . . "Andra boerkriget 1899\u20131902 utk\u00E4mpades om herrav\u00E4ldet i Sydafrika mellan boerrepublikerna Transvaal och Oranjefristaten underst\u00F6dda av en boerresning i vissa delar av Kapkolonin p\u00E5 den ena sidan, mot Storbritannien p\u00E5 den andra sidan. F\u00F6rsta boerkriget utspelades 1880\u20131881."@sv . . "Bigarren Boerren Gerra (ingelesez: Second Boer War, afrikaansez: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, hitzez hitz \u00ABBigarren Askapen Gerra\u00BB) edo Bigarren Anglo-boerren Gerra 1899 eta 1902 artean hegoaldeko Afrikan izandako gatazka izan zen. Azkenean, 1899an gerra irekia piztu zen, Erresuma Batuak boerren errepubliketako 60.000 atzerritar zurientzat bozkatzeko eskubidea eskatu zuenean. Paul Krugerrek uko egiteaz gain, Errepublikako mugetatik armada erretiratzea eskatu zien."@eu . . . . . . "American volunteers"@en . . . . . . . "Tweede Boerenoorlog"@nl . . . . . . . . . "British:"@en . . . . "Zweiter Burenkrieg"@de . "75,430 returned home sick or wounded" . . . "none"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430"@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89"@zh . . . . . . . . . "who is the author is it an academic expert?"@en . . . "German volunteers"@en . "5,400+" . . . . "New Zealand"@en . . . . . . . . . "Tasmania"@en . "Nordic volunteers" . . . . . . . . . . . "Redvers Buller"@en . . "Piet Cronj\u00E9"@en . "*CapeBoers" . . . . "La seconda guerra boera (Afrikaans: Tweede Boereoorlog, pi\u00F9 spesso denominata Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, \"seconda guerra per la libert\u00E0\"), chiamata anche grande guerra boera, guerra sudafricana o seconda guerra anglo-boera fu un conflitto militare combattuto tra l'11 ottobre 1899 e il 31 maggio 1902 dall'Impero britannico contro le due repubbliche boere indipendenti, la Repubblica del Transvaal e lo Stato Libero dell'Orange."@it . . . . "15000"^^ . . . . "South Australia"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "The Second Boer War (Afrikaans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, lit.\u2009'Second Freedom War', 11 October 1899 \u2013 31 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, the Anglo\u2013Boer War, or the South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics (the South African Republic and the Orange Free State) over the Empire's influence in Southern Africa from 1899 to 1902. Following the discovery of gold deposits in the Boer republics, there was a large influx of \"foreigners\", mostly British from the Cape Colony. They were not permitted to have a vote, and were regarded as \"unwelcome visitors\", invaders, and they protested to the British authorities in the Cape. Negotiations failed and, in the opening stages of the war, the Boers launched successful attacks against British outposts before being pushed back by imperial reinforcements. Though the British swiftly occupied the Boer republics, numerous Boers refused to accept defeat and engaged in guerrilla warfare. Eventually, British scorched earth policies, and the poor conditions suffered in concentration camps by Boer women and children who had been displaced by these policies, brought the remaining Boer guerillas to the negotiating table, ending the war. The conflict broke out in 1899 after the failure of the Bloemfontein Conference when Boer irregulars and militia attacked colonial settlements in nearby British colonies. Starting in October 1899, the Boers placed Ladysmith, Kimberley, and Mafeking under siege, and won a string of victories at Colenso, Magersfontein and Stormberg. In response to these developments, increased numbers of British Army soldiers were brought to Southern Africa, and mounted largely unsuccessful attacks against the Boers. However, British military fortunes changed when their commanding officer, General Redvers Buller was replaced by Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener, who relieved the three besieged cities and invaded the two Boer Republics in early 1900 at the head of a 180,000-strong expeditionary force. The Boers, aware they were unable to resist such a large force, chose to refrain from fighting pitched battles, allowing the British to occupy both republics and their capitals, Pretoria and Bloemfontein. Boer politicians, including President of the South African Republic Paul Kruger either fled the region or went into hiding; the British Empire officially annexed the two republics in 1900. In Britain, the Conservative ministry led by Lord Salisbury attempted to capitalise on British military successes by calling an early general election, which was dubbed by contemporary observers a \"khaki election\". However, numerous Boer fighters took to the hills and launched a guerrilla campaign against the British occupational forces, becoming known as bittereinders. Led by prominent generals such as Louis Botha, Jan Smuts, Christiaan de Wet, and Koos de la Rey, Boer guerrillas launched a campaign of hit-and-run attacks and ambushes against the British, which would continue for two years. The Boer guerrilla campaign proved difficult for the British to defeat, due in part to British unfamiliarity with guerrilla tactics and extensive support for the guerrillas among the civilian population in the Boer Republics. In response to continued failures to defeat the Boer guerillas, British high command ordered several scorched earth policies to be implemented as part of a large scale and multi-pronged counterinsurgency campaign; a complex network of nets, blockhouses, strongpoints and barbed wire fences was constructed, virtually partitioning the occupied republics. British troops committed several war crimes and were ordered to destroy farms and slaughter livestock to deny them to Boer guerillas. Over a hundred thousand Boer civilians (mostly women and children) were forcibly relocated into concentration camps, where 26,000 died of various causes, mostly starvation and disease. Black Africans in the same areas were also interned in concentration camps as well to prevent them from supplying the Boers; 20,000 died in the camps as well, largely due to the same causes as in the case of their Boer counterparts. In addition to these scorched earth policies, British mounted infantry units were deployed to track down and engage individual Boer guerilla units; by this stage of the war, all battles being fought were small-scale skirmishes. Few combatants on either side were killed in action, with most casualties coming via disease. Lord Kitchener began to offer generous terms of surrender to remaining Boer leaders in an effort to bring an end to the conflict. Eager to ensure their fellow Boers were released from the concentration camps, the majority of Boer commanders accepted the British terms in the Treaty of Vereeniging, formally surrendering in May 1902. The former republics were transformed into the British colonies of the Transvaal and Orange River, and in 1910 were merged with the Natal and Cape Colonies to form the Union of South Africa, a self-governing dominion within the British Empire. British expeditionary efforts were aided significantly by colonial forces from the Cape Colony, the Natal, Rhodesia, as well as large numbers of volunteers from the British Empire worldwide, particularly Australia, Canada, India and New Zealand. Later in the war, Black African recruits contributed increasingly to the British war effort. International public opinion was generally sympathetic to the Boers and hostile to the British. Even within the United Kingdom, there existed significant opposition to the war. As a result, the Boer cause attracted thousands of volunteers from neutral countries all over the world, including the German Empire, United States, Russia and even some parts of the British Empire such as Australia and Ireland. Many consider the Boer War as marking the beginning of the questioning of the British Empire's veneer of impenetrable global dominance; this is due to the war's surprisingly long duration and the unforeseen, discouraging losses suffered by the British fighting the \"cobbled-together army\" of Boers."@en . . . . "BeforeFederationin 1901, Australian involvement in the war consisted of forces from the following separate colonies:" . . . . . . . . . . . "La Dua Bura milito, en angla Second Boer War, en nederlanda Tweede Boerenoorlog, kaj en afrikansa Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, anka\u016D \"Dua Liberiga Milito\"), kutime konata simple kiel Bura Milito kaj anka\u016D tiame kiel Sudafrika Milito, startis la 11an de Oktobro 1899 kaj finis en la 31a de Majo 1902. Granda Britio venkis super du buraj \u015Dtatoj en Sudafriko: nome la Sudafrika Respubliko kaj la Oran\u011Da Libera \u015Ctato. Britio estis helpata de siaj Kabkolonio, la Kolonio Natalo kaj de kelkaj indi\u011Denaj afrikaj aliancanoj. La Brita militklopodo estis krome subtenata de volontuloj el la Brita Imperio, kiel el Sudafriko, la kolonioj de A\u016Dstralio, Kanado, Hindio, kaj de Novzelando. \u0108iuj aliaj landoj estis neutralaj, sed la publika opinio en multaj estis tre kontra\u016Da al Britio. Anka\u016D ene de Britio kaj de ties Imperio estis grava opozicio al la Dua Bura milito. La Britoj estis trofidemaj kaj sub-preparitaj. La Buroj estis bone armitaj kaj frapis la unuaj, sie\u011Dante Ladysmith, Kimberley, and Mafeking komence de 1900, kaj venkante en gravaj bataloj \u0109e Colenso, Magersfontein kaj Stormberg. Gape, la Britoj alportis grandajn nombrojn de soldatoj kaj kontra\u016Datakis. La generalo Redvers Buller estis anstata\u016Data de Lord Roberts kaj Lord Kitchener. Ili liberigis la tri sie\u011Datajn urbojn, kaj invadis la du Burajn respublikojn en la fino de 1900. La anta\u016Deniraj mar\u015Doj de la Brita Armeo estis tiom frakasiga ke la Buroj ne luktis etapajn batalojn defende de sia hejmlando. La Britoj tuj ekkontrolis la tuton el la Oran\u011Da Libera \u015Ctato kaj el Transvalo, dum la civilaj estroj ka\u015Di\u011Dis a\u016D iris en ekzilon. Konvencie la milito estis finfinita. Britio oficiale aligis la du landojn en 1900, kaj alvokis al \"khaki election\" (milita balotado) por doni al la registaro alian ses jaroj de povo en Londono."@eo . . . . . . "Clockwise from left: Frederick Roberts entering in Kimberley; Boer militia at the Battle of Spion Kop; Boer women and children in a British concentration camp."@en . . . . . . . . . . "Bechuanaland"@en . . . . . "the Boer Wars during the Scramble for Africa"@en . . "934"^^ . . "347000"^^ . . . . . "Basutoland"@en . . "Herbert Kitchener"@en . . . . "Russian volunteers" . . . . . . . "\u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 1899\u20141902 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A \u2014 \u042E\u0436\u043D\u043E-\u0410\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438 (\u0420\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043B\u044C) \u0438 \u041E\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0421\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 (\u041E\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438) \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044F\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0435\u0439."@ru . . . . "Paul Kruger"@en . . . . . "Alfred Milner"@en . . . . . "Joseph Chamberlain"@en . . . . "Martinus Steyn"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "The Boer Republics are absorbed into the British Empire in accordance with the Treaty of Vereeniging"@en . . . "Schalk W. Burger"@en . "\u039F \u0394\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03A0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039C\u03C0\u03CC\u03B5\u03C1\u03C2 (\u03B1\u03B3\u03B3\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC: Second Boer War\u200E) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03AD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C0\u03BB\u03B7 \u03C3\u03CD\u03C1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BE\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0397\u03BD\u03C9\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5 \u0392\u03B1\u03C3\u03B9\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B9\u03B4\u03C1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03BE\u03AC\u03C1\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 , \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B2\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03B9\u03BF\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u039D\u03CC\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1 \u0391\u03C6\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE."@el . "La Segona Guerra B\u00F2er (angl\u00E8s: Second Boer War; neerland\u00E8s: Tweede Boerenoorlog ; afrikaans: Tweede Boereoorlog), tamb\u00E9 coneguda com a Guerra dels B\u00F2ers, tingu\u00E9 lloc entre l'11 d'octubre de 1899 i el 31 de maig de 1902, entre l'Imperi Brit\u00E0nic i les dues rep\u00FAbliques independents b\u00F2ers de la Rep\u00FAblica Sud-africana i l'Estat Lliure d'Orange. El conflicte es coneix, tamb\u00E9, com a: Guerra Sud-africana, fora de Sud-\u00E0frica; Guerra Anglo-b\u00F2er, entre molts sud-africans (angl\u00E8s: Anglo-Boer war; afrikaans: Anglo-Boereoorlog); i, en afrikaans, com a Segona Guerra d'Alliberament (Tweede Vryheidsoorlog) o, simplement, com a Guerra Anglesa (Engelse oorlog)."@ca . . . "German volunteers" . . "Piet Joubert"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "French volunteers"@en . . . . . "De Tweede Boerenoorlog van 1899-1902 (ook bekend als de Tweede Vrijheidsoorlog, Zuid-Afrikaanse Oorlog of Anglo-Boerenoorlog) was een oorlog tussen de Nederlandstalige Boeren van de Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (Transvaal) en de Oranje Vrijstaat enerzijds, en het Britse Rijk anderzijds."@nl . . . "\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0433\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0301\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430\u0301 \u2014 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A \u2014 \u041E\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0456 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043B\u044E, \u0449\u043E \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437 1899 \u043F\u043E 1902 \u0440\u0456\u043A. \u041E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0437 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0454\u043D \u0435\u043F\u043E\u0445\u0438 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u0412 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0456 \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457 , \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0430\u043B\u043C\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0437\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0442\u0430. \u041D\u0430\u0442\u0445\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0435\u043A\u043B\u0456 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438 \u0421\u0435\u0441\u0456\u043B\u044C \u0420\u043E\u0434\u0441 \u0456 . \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043B \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0457\u0457 \u043D\u0430\u0434\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u0436\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C, \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0435\u043A\u043B\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u043F\u0456\u0440 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u0434\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0433\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457. 1902 \u0437\u0430 \u0424\u0456\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0456\u043D\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0434\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0438 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043E \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . . . "B'\u00E9 Dara Cogadh na mB\u00F3rach (n\u00F3 an Dara Cogadh Angla-B\u00F3rach) an cogadh a chuir an Bhreatain Mh\u00F3r ar na B\u00F3raigh, \u00F3 11 Deireadh F\u00F3mhair 1899 go dt\u00ED an 31 Bealtaine 1902. Bh\u00ED Paul Kruger ina uachtar\u00E1n ar an ag an am, ceann de na ceantair a bh\u00ED ag iarraidh deireadh a chur le ceannas na Breataine ansi\u00FAd. Bh\u00ED dh\u00E1 phoblacht neamhsple\u00E1ch ag na B\u00F3raigh, mar at\u00E1, an agus Poblacht Transvaal (Poblacht na hAfraice Theas) a bh\u00ED mar naimhde ag an Impireacht Bhriotanach. I ndiaidh cath fada faidr\u00E9iseach a chur ar na Sasanaigh, chaill na poblachta\u00ED seo an cogadh, agus rinneadh cuid den Impireacht d\u00EDobh. Ba le linn an Dara Cogadh Angla-B\u00F3rach a throid Arm na Breataine an cath ba mh\u00F3 \u00F3 aimsir an Chogaidh Chrim\u00E9igh sna 1850id\u00ED, sa bhliain 1899 agus \u00C9ireannaigh go leor ar an dh\u00E1 thaobh."@ga . . . . . . . "La segunda guerra b\u00F3er\u200B (en ingl\u00E9s: [Second] Boer War, [Second] Anglo-Boer War y South African War, y en afrik\u00E1ans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, Tweede Boereoorlog, Anglo-Boereoorlog o Engelse oorlog \u2014'segunda guerra de liberaci\u00F3n', 'segunda guerra b\u00F3er', 'Guerra anglo-b\u00F3er' y 'Guerra inglesa', respectivamente\u2014) fue un conflicto entre el Reino Unido y los fundadores de las rep\u00FAblicas independientes del Estado Libre de Orange y la Rep\u00FAblica Sudafricana, en el nordeste de Sud\u00E1frica."@es . "15,000 (Free State Boers)" . "Segunda Guerra dos B\u00F4eres"@pt . "26370"^^ . . . . . . . . . "Arthur Conan Doyle, The Great Boer War, 1900"@en . . . . . . "Segona Guerra B\u00F2er"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "*Treaty of Vereeniging" . . . . "Western Australia" . . "Southern Africa"@en . . . "Boer Republics" . . "Italian volunteers" . . "Boer Republics\n*\n*\n*Cape Boers\n----"@en . . . "{{namespace detect | category = |main=| other= \u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89 \u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89 \u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ASecond Boer War\uFF1B\u8377\u862D\u8A9E\uFF1ATweede Boerenoorlog\uFF1B\u5357\u975E\u8A9E\uFF1ATweede Vryheidsoorlog\uFF0FTweede Boereoorlog\uFF1B1899\u5E7410\u670811\u65E5\uFF0D1902\u5E745\u670831\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u573A\u82F1\u56FD\u4E0E\u5DDD\u65AF\u74E6\u5171\u548C\u570B\u548C\u5965\u5170\u6CBB\u81EA\u7531\u90A6\u4E4B\u95F4\u7684\u6218\u4E89\u3002\u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u5C14\u6218\u4E89\u4E5F\u662F\u8C61\u5FB5\u5927\u82F1\u5E1D\u570B\u7531\u76DB\u800C\u8870\u7684\u958B\u59CB\u3002"@zh . "Bigarren Boerren Gerra (ingelesez: Second Boer War, afrikaansez: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, hitzez hitz \u00ABBigarren Askapen Gerra\u00BB) edo Bigarren Anglo-boerren Gerra 1899 eta 1902 artean hegoaldeko Afrikan izandako gatazka izan zen. Britaniarrek 1879an Zululandia menperatu zuten. Orduan, 1886an, urrea aurkitu zuten boerren lurraldean. Johannesburgen populazioa 100.000 biztanlera iritsi zen 1890eko hamarkadaren erdirako. Boerren errepublikak milaka atzerritar (uitlanders), bai txuri eta beltz, aurkitu zituen bere baitan. Boer andana, gainera, kinka ekonomiko larrian zegoen, eta soldata irabazleek (batik bat beltzek) sumintzen zituzten. Uitlanders horiek ez zeukaten eskubide politikorik, eta, horien aldarrikapenean, matxinadak suertatu ziren. Erresuma Batuari laguntza eskatu ohi zitzaion. Meategien balio itzelak inperialista britaniarrak erakarri zituen ezinbestez. 1895ean, Leander Starr Jameson buru zuen talde bat boerren lurraldera sartu zen matxinada bat sortzeko eta britaniarren agintea eramateko. Boerren agintariek bortizki amaiarazita Jameson Raid izeneko matxinada horrek porrot egin bazuen ere, Lurmutur Hiriko gobernuaren babesa zeukan susmoa hartu zuen Paul Krugerrek. Orduan, egoera ezegonkor horretaz baliatuta, Alemaniako kaiserrak Krueger zoriondu zuen, eta Transvaalen status quo-a mantentzearen alde jo zuen. Britaniarrek mehatxutzat hartu zuten hori, egungo Namibia alemaniarren menpe baitzegoen. Gainera, Alemaniako Weltpolitik -munduko politika- gero eta erasokorragoa zen. Munduan Alemaniaren pisua handitu nahi zuten, beste arlo askotan munduko potentzia zelakoan. Horretarako, lege Tirpitz (1897-1914 Itsas-armadaren ministroa) izenekoak martxan jarri zituzten. Horien bidez, itsas-armada izugarri armatu nahi izan zuten, Erresuma Batukoaren mailara kokatu arte. Honek Erresuma Batua Frantziaren aldeko aliantzara eraman zuen, Lehen Mundu Gerran leher egin zuen aliantza-sarerako aurrerapausoa eramanez. Azkenean, 1899an gerra irekia piztu zen, Erresuma Batuak boerren errepubliketako 60.000 atzerritar zurientzat bozkatzeko eskubidea eskatu zuenean. Paul Krugerrek uko egiteaz gain, Errepublikako mugetatik armada erretiratzea eskatu zien. Britainiarren prestakuntza hobea zen Bigarren Boerren Gerra honetan. 1900rako, Pretoria, boerren azken hiri nagusia britaniarren esku zegoen. Oso igarpen baikorrak iragarri baziren ere, 1902 arte iraun zuen, zeren, boerren armada, baserritarrek osatu arren, oso ongi antolatuta zegoen, eta lurraldea ongi baino hobeki ezagutzen zuten. Boerren gerrilla gisako borrokaren aurrean, britaniarren armada profesionalak bortizki jokatu zuen, konkistatuko lur guztia suntsituz. 1902rako, 26.000 boer hil ziren gaitzak zirela eta, edota kontzentrazio-esparruetan atxilotuta. Guztira 200.000 lagun baino gehiago sartu zituzten kontzentrazio-esparru horietan."@eu . "Queensland" . "\u039F \u0394\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03A0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039C\u03C0\u03CC\u03B5\u03C1\u03C2 (\u03B1\u03B3\u03B3\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC: Second Boer War\u200E) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03AD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C0\u03BB\u03B7 \u03C3\u03CD\u03C1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BE\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0397\u03BD\u03C9\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5 \u0392\u03B1\u03C3\u03B9\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B9\u03B4\u03C1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03BE\u03AC\u03C1\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 , \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B2\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03B9\u03BF\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u039D\u03CC\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1 \u0391\u03C6\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE."@el . . . "\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 ((\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Second Boer War)\u200F\u060C (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog)\u200F)\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627\u064B \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u062C\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631\u060C \u064A\u062F\u0639\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0647\u064A \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u062A\u062F\u062A \u0645\u0646 11 \u0623\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0628\u0631 1899 \u0625\u0644\u0649 31 \u0645\u0627\u064A\u0648 1902\u060C \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u062A\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631\u061B \u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u062C\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0644) \u0648\u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0647\u062A \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A."@ar . . . . "\uC81C2\uCC28 \uBCF4\uC5B4 \uC804\uC7C1"@ko . . . . . . . . . "British victory" . . "Louis Botha"@en . . . . . . "Irish volunteers" . . . . . . . "La Dua Bura milito, en angla Second Boer War, en nederlanda Tweede Boerenoorlog, kaj en afrikansa Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, anka\u016D \"Dua Liberiga Milito\"), kutime konata simple kiel Bura Milito kaj anka\u016D tiame kiel Sudafrika Milito, startis la 11an de Oktobro 1899 kaj finis en la 31a de Majo 1902. Granda Britio venkis super du buraj \u015Dtatoj en Sudafriko: nome la Sudafrika Respubliko kaj la Oran\u011Da Libera \u015Ctato. Britio estis helpata de siaj Kabkolonio, la Kolonio Natalo kaj de kelkaj indi\u011Denaj afrikaj aliancanoj. La Brita militklopodo estis krome subtenata de volontuloj el la Brita Imperio, kiel el Sudafriko, la kolonioj de A\u016Dstralio, Kanado, Hindio, kaj de Novzelando. \u0108iuj aliaj landoj estis neutralaj, sed la publika opinio en multaj estis tre kontra\u016Da al Britio. Anka\u016D ene de Britio kaj de tie"@eo . . . "\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430"@uk . "103,000\u2013153,000" . . . . . . . . . . . . "The Second Boer War (Afrikaans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, lit.\u2009'Second Freedom War', 11 October 1899 \u2013 31 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, the Anglo\u2013Boer War, or the South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics (the South African Republic and the Orange Free State) over the Empire's influence in Southern Africa from 1899 to 1902. Following the discovery of gold deposits in the Boer republics, there was a large influx of \"foreigners\", mostly British from the Cape Colony. They were not permitted to have a vote, and were regarded as \"unwelcome visitors\", invaders, and they protested to the British authorities in the Cape. Negotiations failed and, in the opening stages of the war, the Boers launched successful attacks against British outpost"@en . . . . "6,000\u20137,000 (Cape Boers)" . . . . . . . "Natal Colony"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "New Zealand" . "Australian volunteers"@en . . "Bechuanaland" . . . . . "Colonial:" . . . . "Andra boerkriget"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Seconde guerre des Boers"@fr . . . . . "\u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 1899\u20141902 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A \u2014 \u042E\u0436\u043D\u043E-\u0410\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438 (\u0420\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0430\u043B\u044C) \u0438 \u041E\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0421\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 (\u041E\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438) \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0411\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044F\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0435\u0439."@ru . "Greek volunteers"@en . . . . . . "Boer Commandos:"@en . . . . . . "Koos de la Rey"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "African auxiliaries:" . . . . "February 2017"@en . . "Bigarren Boerren Gerra"@eu . "British:" . . . "Druga wojna burska \u2013 wojna toczona pomi\u0119dzy burskimi republikami Transwalu i Oranii a imperium brytyjskim w latach 1899\u20131902. Pomimo pocz\u0105tkowych sukces\u00F3w Bur\u00F3w, zwyci\u0119stwo przypad\u0142o Brytyjczykom. Walki partyzanckie trwa\u0142y jednak jeszcze przez dwa lata. Op\u00F3r podtrzymywa\u0142o wsparcie w uzbrojeniu z pobliskiej Niemieckiej Afryki Po\u0142udniowo-Zachodniej i nadzieja na obiecan\u0105 interwencj\u0119 Cesarstwa Niemieckiego. W czasie wojny Burowie organizowali samodzielne oddzia\u0142y komandos\u00F3w, stawiaj\u0105ce skuteczny op\u00F3r. W celu st\u0142umienia wojny partyzanckiej Brytyjczycy, wzoruj\u0105c si\u0119 na pomy\u015Ble Valeriano Weylera zastosowanym na Kubie w 1896 r., zorganizowali obozy koncentracyjne, w kt\u00F3rych internowali cywil\u00F3w z obj\u0119tych walkami obszar\u00F3w. Tworzyli tak\u017Ce systemy blokhauz\u00F3w, maj\u0105cych powstrzyma\u0107 przemieszczanie si\u0119 partyzant\u00F3w. Te dzia\u0142ania spotka\u0142y si\u0119 z negatywnym odzewem prasy europejskiej i ameryka\u0144skiej. Ostateczne zwyci\u0119stwo odnie\u015Bli Brytyjczycy, inkorporuj\u0105c republiki jako kolonie. W 1910, razem z Koloni\u0105 Przyl\u0105dkow\u0105 i koloni\u0105 Natalu, stworzono z nich brytyjskie dominium znane jako Zwi\u0105zek Po\u0142udniowej Afryki. G\u0142\u00F3wne urz\u0119dy w tym pa\u0144stwie trafi\u0142y w r\u0119ce Bur\u00F3w, coraz cz\u0119\u015Bciej nazywanych Afrykanerami."@pl . . . . . . "190730"^^ . . . . . "Natal Colony" . . "Civilian casualties:"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Australian volunteers" . . . . "A Segunda Guerra Boer (ou dos b\u00F4eres), travada entre 11 de outubro de 1899 e 31 de maio de 1902, foi um conflito lutado entre o Imp\u00E9rio Brit\u00E2nico e as duas na\u00E7\u00F5es B\u00F4er, a Rep\u00FAblica Sul-Africana (ou Rep\u00FAblica de Transvaal) e o Estado Livre de Orange, sobre o dom\u00EDnio da \u00C1frica do Sul. Ficou conhecida tamb\u00E9m simplesmente como Guerra Boer ou Guerra Anglo-Boer. No come\u00E7o do conflito, os b\u00F4eres tomaram a iniciativa e tiveram alguns sucessos, por\u00E9m os brit\u00E2nicos reagiram, mandando refor\u00E7os, e infligiram grande derrotas as duas na\u00E7\u00F5es sul-africanas. Os b\u00F4eres iniciaram ent\u00E3o uma ampla e violenta campanha de guerrilha que durou dois anos. Os brit\u00E2nicos responderam brutalmente e adotaram pol\u00EDticas de repres\u00E1lia, queimando fazendas, destruindo casas e mandando milhares de civis para campos de concentra\u00E7\u00E3o. A guerra foi extremamente brutal e teve um enorme impacto na regi\u00E3o por anos. No final, os b\u00F4eres se renderam e um tratado foi firmado entre as partes envolvidas."@pt . "290"^^ . "Dutch volunteers"@en . . . . . . . . "De Tweede Boerenoorlog van 1899-1902 (ook bekend als de Tweede Vrijheidsoorlog, Zuid-Afrikaanse Oorlog of Anglo-Boerenoorlog) was een oorlog tussen de Nederlandstalige Boeren van de Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (Transvaal) en de Oranje Vrijstaat enerzijds, en het Britse Rijk anderzijds. De oorlog was het gevolg van jarenlange spanningen tussen de Boeren en de Britten. Hoewel het begon met conventionele oorlogvoering stapten de Boeren na de verovering van hun hoofdsteden over op guerrillatactieken, waarna de Britten terugsloegen met de tactiek van de verschroeide aarde en een van de eerste grootschalige gebruiken van concentratiekampen, waardoor aan de zijde van de Boeren meer dan twintigduizend burgerslachtoffers zijn gevallen, meest vrouwen en vooral kinderen, die onder ellendige omstandigheden in de Britse concentratiekampen stierven. Ze wordt wel geschetst als de eerste moderne oorlog, met aan beide kanten moderne wapens: geweren met een magazijn van minimaal vijf patronen en een bereik van (ruim) meer dan een kilometer, die rookloos waren zodat niet zichtbaar was vanwaar geschoten werd. Ze werd door waarnemers wel beschreven als een onzichtbare oorlog, waar troepen naar voren oprukten om dan plots dood of gewond neer te vallen, zonder in het oog lopende oorzaak. Een harde les was dat militairen geen blinkende of fel afstekende kentekenen konden dragen zonder onmiddellijk letterlijk een mikpunt te worden. De Britten verloren in het begin buitenproportioneel veel officieren, totdat deze leerden hun kleding aan te passen. Lessen die te leren waren (voor wie wilde leren) omvatten het gegeven dat artillerie-beschietingen op troepen die in kolommen oprukken heel effectief zijn, dat artillerie-beschietingen op geprepareerde stellingen (zoals loopgraven) vrijwel zinloos zijn (eerder contraproductief, een waarschuwing: \"he, ze gaan aanvallen\"), dat frontale aanvallen op geprepareerde stellingen zeer veel menslevens kostten, en dat de tijd van de cavalerie-charge met de lans wel voorbij was (behalve onder zeer bepaalde omstandigheden). Later bleek tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog dat veel officieren deze lessen niet geleerd hadden, met alle gevolgen vandien. Ook maakte deze oorlog deel uit van de achtergrond voor de Eerste Wereldoorlog: ze veroorzaakte in Europa een sterk anti-Britse stemming. Ook het Britse besluit om Duitse passagiersschepen aan te houden en op militaire voorraden te doorzoeken zette kwaad bloed (er werd overigens niets gevonden). Het Duitse Keizerrijk besloot om de Duitse marine te verdubbelen in gevechtssterkte. De oorlog resulteerde in een pyrrusoverwinning voor het Verenigd Koninkrijk en betekende het einde van de onafhankelijke Boerenrepublieken. Ondanks alles geldt deze oorlog in het Verenigd Koninkrijk niet zozeer als een schandvlek, maar juist als een hoogtepunt van het Britse Rijk. Toen Groot-Brittanni\u00EB een beroep deed op haar kolonie\u00EBn trokken deze samen op, schouder aan schouder."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . "10000"^^ . "Total: ~30,189"@en . . . . . . "Cape Colony"@en . . . . "42720"^^ . . "75430"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Herbert Plumer"@en . "Druh\u00E1 b\u00FArsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka prob\u00EDhala mezi anglick\u00FDmi a b\u00FArsk\u00FDmi koloniz\u00E1tory Ji\u017En\u00ED Afriky (tj. potomky nizozemsk\u00FDch osadn\u00EDk\u016F), a to v letech 1899 \u2013 1902."@cs . . . "26,092 dead" . "5400"^^ . . . . "Der Zweite Burenkrieg (auch S\u00FCdafrikanischer Krieg; englisch auch Second Anglo Boer War, \u201EZweiter Englisch-Burischer Krieg\u201C, Afrikaans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, \u201EZweiter Freiheitskrieg\u201C) von 1899 bis 1902 war ein Konflikt zwischen Gro\u00DFbritannien und den beiden Burenrepubliken Oranje-Freistaat und S\u00FCdafrikanische Republik (Transvaal), der mit deren Eingliederung in das britische Imperium endete. Ursachen waren das Streben Gro\u00DFbritanniens nach den Bodensch\u00E4tzen der Region innerhalb eines territorial geschlossenen Kolonialreichs in Afrika sowie die von Joseph Chamberlain zur imperialen Angelegenheit erkl\u00E4rte Bek\u00E4mpfung der Ausl\u00E4nderfeindlichkeit (keine Einb\u00FCrgerung und kein Wahlrecht f\u00FCr Uitlanders, also auch nicht von oder f\u00FCr Briten) in der Politik der S\u00FCdafrikanischen Republik."@de . . "22,828 wounded" . . . . . . . . "Total: ~125,284" . . . . "American volunteers" . "\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629"@ar . . . . . "46370"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Western Australia"@en . . . . . "934 missing" . . "La segunda guerra b\u00F3er\u200B (en ingl\u00E9s: [Second] Boer War, [Second] Anglo-Boer War y South African War, y en afrik\u00E1ans: Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, Tweede Boereoorlog, Anglo-Boereoorlog o Engelse oorlog \u2014'segunda guerra de liberaci\u00F3n', 'segunda guerra b\u00F3er', 'Guerra anglo-b\u00F3er' y 'Guerra inglesa', respectivamente\u2014) fue un conflicto entre el Reino Unido y los fundadores de las rep\u00FAblicas independientes del Estado Libre de Orange y la Rep\u00FAblica Sudafricana, en el nordeste de Sud\u00E1frica."@es . . . . . . . "Druh\u00E1 b\u00FArsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka prob\u00EDhala mezi anglick\u00FDmi a b\u00FArsk\u00FDmi koloniz\u00E1tory Ji\u017En\u00ED Afriky (tj. potomky nizozemsk\u00FDch osadn\u00EDk\u016F), a to v letech 1899 \u2013 1902."@cs . . . . . . . "Walter Tunbridge"@en . . . . ""@en . "Frederick Roberts"@en . "103000"^^ . . "26092"^^ . "Robert Gascoyne-Cecil"@en . . . . . . . "Fran\u00E7ois-Louis Lessard"@en . . . . . . . . . . "A Segunda Guerra Boer (ou dos b\u00F4eres), travada entre 11 de outubro de 1899 e 31 de maio de 1902, foi um conflito lutado entre o Imp\u00E9rio Brit\u00E2nico e as duas na\u00E7\u00F5es B\u00F4er, a Rep\u00FAblica Sul-Africana (ou Rep\u00FAblica de Transvaal) e o Estado Livre de Orange, sobre o dom\u00EDnio da \u00C1frica do Sul. Ficou conhecida tamb\u00E9m simplesmente como Guerra Boer ou Guerra Anglo-Boer. No come\u00E7o do conflito, os b\u00F4eres tomaram a iniciativa e tiveram alguns sucessos, por\u00E9m os brit\u00E2nicos reagiram, mandando refor\u00E7os, e infligiram grande derrotas as duas na\u00E7\u00F5es sul-africanas. Os b\u00F4eres iniciaram ent\u00E3o uma ampla e violenta campanha de guerrilha que durou dois anos. Os brit\u00E2nicos responderam brutalmente e adotaram pol\u00EDticas de repres\u00E1lia, queimando fazendas, destruindo casas e mandando milhares de civis para campos de concent"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . "* Conquest and dissolution of the South African Republic and Orange Free State" . . "25,000 (Transvaal Boers)" . . . "Nordic volunteers"@en . "Seconda guerra boera"@it . . . . . . . . . . . "Perang Boer Kedua (bahasa Belanda: Tweede Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans:Tweede Vryheidsoorlog atau Tweede Boereoorlog), meletus antara 11 Oktober 1899 hingga 31 Mei 1902. Perang ini terjadi antara Kekaisaran Britania melawan penduduk Boer yang berbahasa Belanda di dua negara merdeka: Republik Transvaal dan Negara Bebas Oranje. Perang ini berakhir dengan kemenangan Britania, dan wilayah kedua negara dianeksasi, membentuk Uni Afrika Selatan sebagai bagian dari persemakmuran. Ernest Douwes Dekker, pahlawan nasional Indonesia, pernah terlibat dalam perang ini di pihak Republik Transvaal."@in . . . . . "La seconda guerra boera (Afrikaans: Tweede Boereoorlog, pi\u00F9 spesso denominata Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, \"seconda guerra per la libert\u00E0\"), chiamata anche grande guerra boera, guerra sudafricana o seconda guerra anglo-boera fu un conflitto militare combattuto tra l'11 ottobre 1899 e il 31 maggio 1902 dall'Impero britannico contro le due repubbliche boere indipendenti, la Repubblica del Transvaal e lo Stato Libero dell'Orange. La guerra, originata soprattutto dalle mire imperialistiche ed economiche britanniche, fu caratterizzata da alcuni inattesi successi iniziali dei boeri che misero in forte difficolt\u00E0 le guarnigioni britanniche. Dopo l'arrivo di numerosi rinforzi e del nuovo comandante in capo, il feldmaresciallo Frederick Roberts, l'esercito britannico pass\u00F2 all'offensiva, invase le repubbliche boere ed entro la met\u00E0 del 1900 occup\u00F2 Bloemfontein e Pretoria. La guerra non termin\u00F2 per\u00F2 dopo la conquista delle capitali boere, ma si trasform\u00F2 in una lotta logorante caratterizzata dalla guerriglia dei commando boeri che, guidati da abili capi, inflissero ripetute sconfitte ai britannici. Il nuovo comandante in capo, il generale Horatio Kitchener, ricorse ai metodi spietati dei rastrellamenti, della deportazione dei civili, delle distruzioni del territorio e dei campi di concentramento per vincere la resistenza boera. La guerra, che rovin\u00F2 in parte il prestigio internazionale dell'Impero britannico, termin\u00F2 dopo trattative dirette nel 1902 con l'annessione ufficiale delle repubbliche boere che tuttavia mantennero la loro identit\u00E0 nazionale."@it . . . "Boer Commandos:" . . "----" . . . "Second Boer War"@en . . . . . "Foreign volunteers:" . "--10-11"^^ . .