. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Siege artillery is heavy artillery primarily used in military attacks on fortified positions. At the time of the American Civil War, the U.S. Army classified its artillery into three types, depending on the gun's weight and intended use. Field artillery were light pieces that often traveled with the armies. Siege and garrison artillery were heavy pieces that could be used either in attacking or defending fortified places. Seacoast artillery were the heaviest pieces and were intended to be used in permanent fortifications along the seaboard. They were primarily designed to fire on attacking warships . The distinctions are somewhat arbitrary, as field, siege and garrison, and seacoast artillery were all used in various attacks and defenses of fortifications. This article will focus on the use of heavy artillery in the attack of fortified places during the American Civil War. The weight and size of siege artillery prevented it from regularly travelling with the armies. When needed, siege artillery and other material needed for siege operations were assembled into what was called a siege train and transported to the army. In the American Civil War, the siege train was always transported to the area of the siege by water. The siege trains of the Civil War consisted almost exclusively of guns and mortars. Guns fired projectiles on horizontal trajectory and could batter heavy construction with solid shot or shell at long or short range, destroy fort parapets, and dismount cannon. Mortars fired shells in a high arcing trajectory to reach targets behind obstructions, destroying construction and personnel."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "14249030"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1057118162"^^ . . . . "41767"^^ . . . . . "13-calowy mo\u017Adzierz obl\u0119\u017Cniczy"@pl . . . . . . "Siege artillery is heavy artillery primarily used in military attacks on fortified positions. At the time of the American Civil War, the U.S. Army classified its artillery into three types, depending on the gun's weight and intended use. Field artillery were light pieces that often traveled with the armies. Siege and garrison artillery were heavy pieces that could be used either in attacking or defending fortified places. Seacoast artillery were the heaviest pieces and were intended to be used in permanent fortifications along the seaboard. They were primarily designed to fire on attacking warships . The distinctions are somewhat arbitrary, as field, siege and garrison, and seacoast artillery were all used in various attacks and defenses of fortifications. This article will focus "@en . . . . . . . . . . . "13\u30A4\u30F3\u30C1\u5217\u8ECA\u81FC\u7832"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "13-calowy mo\u017Adzierz obl\u0119\u017Cniczy (Model 1861 13 inch Siege & Seacoast Mortar) \u2013 seria ameryka\u0144skich i obrony brzegowej wyprodukowanych w latach 1860\u20131864 w zak\u0142adach Fort Pitt Foundry w Pittsburghu i u\u017Cytych bojowo w czasie ameryka\u0144skiej wojny secesyjnej przez wojska Unii. Kaliber mo\u017Adzierza wynosi\u0142 13 cali (330 milimetr\u00F3w), a do oddania strza\u0142u pociskiem o wadze 220 funt\u00F3w (100 kilogram\u00F3w) na maksymaln\u0105 odleg\u0142o\u015B\u0107 4325 jard\u00F3w (3 954 metry) potrzebny by\u0142 \u0142adunek prochowy o wadze 20 funt\u00F3w (9 kilogram\u00F3w). W czasie wojny secesyjnej mo\u017Adzierze tego typu s\u0142u\u017Cy\u0142y na prawie wszystkich teatrach dzia\u0142a\u0144 wojennych. Najs\u0142ynniejszy z nich znany jako \u201E\u201D (Dyktator) zosta\u0142 zamontowany na specjalnie zaprojektowanym wagonie kolejowym i wzi\u0105\u0142 udzia\u0142 w obl\u0119\u017Ceniu Petersburga w latach 1864\u20131865."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "13-calowy mo\u017Adzierz obl\u0119\u017Cniczy (Model 1861 13 inch Siege & Seacoast Mortar) \u2013 seria ameryka\u0144skich i obrony brzegowej wyprodukowanych w latach 1860\u20131864 w zak\u0142adach Fort Pitt Foundry w Pittsburghu i u\u017Cytych bojowo w czasie ameryka\u0144skiej wojny secesyjnej przez wojska Unii. Kaliber mo\u017Adzierza wynosi\u0142 13 cali (330 milimetr\u00F3w), a do oddania strza\u0142u pociskiem o wadze 220 funt\u00F3w (100 kilogram\u00F3w) na maksymaln\u0105 odleg\u0142o\u015B\u0107 4325 jard\u00F3w (3 954 metry) potrzebny by\u0142 \u0142adunek prochowy o wadze 20 funt\u00F3w (9 kilogram\u00F3w)."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "13\u30A4\u30F3\u30C1\u5217\u8ECA\u81FC\u7832\u3068\u306F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u8ECD\u304C\u5357\u5317\u6226\u4E89\u3067\u4F7F\u7528\u3057\u305F\u5217\u8ECA\u642D\u8F09\u578B\u306E\u81FC\u7832\u3067\u5F8C\u306E\u5217\u8ECA\u7832\u306E\u59CB\u7956\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u5175\u5668\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5225\u540D\"The Dictator\"\u3002"@ja . . "Siege artillery in the American Civil War"@en . "13\u30A4\u30F3\u30C1\u5217\u8ECA\u81FC\u7832\u3068\u306F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u8ECD\u304C\u5357\u5317\u6226\u4E89\u3067\u4F7F\u7528\u3057\u305F\u5217\u8ECA\u642D\u8F09\u578B\u306E\u81FC\u7832\u3067\u5F8C\u306E\u5217\u8ECA\u7832\u306E\u59CB\u7956\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u5175\u5668\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5225\u540D\"The Dictator\"\u3002"@ja . . . . . .