. . . . . . . "Spelling is a set of conventions that regulate the way of using graphemes (writing system) to represent a language in its written form. In other words, spelling is the rendering of speech sound (phoneme) into writing (grapheme). Spelling is one of the elements of orthography, and highly standardized spelling is a prescriptive element."@en . . . . . . . . . . "Stavning \u00E4r konventionen f\u00F6r hur ord i ett spr\u00E5k skrivs p\u00E5 ett etablerat och accepterat s\u00E4tt. Det \u00E4r en av delarna av ortografi, och \u00E4r ofta preskriptiv (styrande) till sin karakt\u00E4r. De flesta stavningssystem bygger p\u00E5 en approximativ transkribering av spr\u00E5kets ljud till alfabetets bokst\u00E4ver. Helt fonetiska (ljudriktiga) stavningssystem h\u00F6r dock till undantagen, d\u00E5 uttalet f\u00F6r\u00E4ndras \u00F6ver tiden medan stavningen ofta konserveras under l\u00E4ngre tid."@sv . . "Het woord spelling heeft twee verwante betekenissen: 1. \n* een bepaalde manier om taal, die primair spraak is, schriftelijk weer te geven; 2. \n* de offici\u00EBle of in brede kringen aanvaarde conventies voor die grafische weergave."@nl . . . "La compitazione \u00E8 l'atto di pronunciare le parole lentamente o a stento, distinguendo e pronunciando separatamente i singoli foni o le sillabe; con compitazione si pu\u00F2 anche intendere una lettura fatta distinguendo i nomi, anche a scopo didattico o propedeutico. La compitazione, nel cosiddetto \u00ABmetodo alfabetico\u00BB oggi in disuso nella didattica, serviva a far imparare i foni (i \u00ABsuoni\u00BB) corrispondenti alle lettere, poi la loro forma, poi le sillabe e infine le parole; per far leggere \u00ABcavolo\u00BB si faceva scomporre la parola in questo modo: ci a ca, vu o vo, elle o lo, cavolo."@it . . . . . . "\u041F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0301\u043F\u0438\u0441 \u2014 \u0441\u0443\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043C\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043E\u043C\u0438 \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0456\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0438\u0441\u044C\u043C\u0456. \u042F\u043A \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u043E, \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u0442\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0445 \u0457\u0457 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043A\u0443, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0438\u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044F\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u0456\u0432, \u0441\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C. \u0421\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0456\u043C \u043E\u0440\u0444\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . . . . . . "La compitazione \u00E8 l'atto di pronunciare le parole lentamente o a stento, distinguendo e pronunciando separatamente i singoli foni o le sillabe; con compitazione si pu\u00F2 anche intendere una lettura fatta distinguendo i nomi, anche a scopo didattico o propedeutico. La compitazione, nel cosiddetto \u00ABmetodo alfabetico\u00BB oggi in disuso nella didattica, serviva a far imparare i foni (i \u00ABsuoni\u00BB) corrispondenti alle lettere, poi la loro forma, poi le sillabe e infine le parole; per far leggere \u00ABcavolo\u00BB si faceva scomporre la parola in questo modo: ci a ca, vu o vo, elle o lo, cavolo."@it . . . "\u041F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435"@ru . . . . "190054"^^ . . "Ejaan adalah penggambaran bunyi bahasa (kata, kalimat, dan lain sebagainya) dalam tulisan (huruf-huruf) serta penggunaan tanda baca. Penggunaan huruf, penulisan kata, dan penggunaan tanda baca tidak boleh diabaikan karena akan mengakibatkan perbedaan makna. Oleh karena itu dalam penulisan kata ataupun kalimat perlu memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah dan aturan baku yang berlaku, seperti PUEBI (Pedoman Umum Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan). Ejaan biasanya memiliki tiga aspek yaitu: 1. \n* aspek fonologis yang menyangkut penggambaran fonem dengan huruf dan penyusunan abjad 2. \n* aspek morfologis yang menyangkut penggambaran satuan-satuan morfemis 3. \n* aspek sintaksis yang menyangkut penanda ujaran berupa tanda baca."@in . "1117423146"^^ . . . . . "\u041F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0301\u043F\u0438\u0441 \u2014 \u0441\u0443\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043C\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043E\u043C\u0438 \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0456\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0438\u0441\u044C\u043C\u0456. \u042F\u043A \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u043E, \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u0442\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0445 \u0457\u0457 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043A\u0443, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0438\u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044F\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u0456\u0432, \u0441\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C. \u0421\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0456\u043C \u043E\u0440\u0444\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0457."@uk . "Les comp\u00E9tences orthographiques sont la capacit\u00E9 de former, stocker et acc\u00E9der aux repr\u00E9sentations orthographiques des sons (phon\u00E8mes). Les langues varient consid\u00E9rablement dans la simplicit\u00E9 de leur notation des sons, ce ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne est connu comme \"la transparence des relations graph\u00E8mes - phon\u00E8mes\". Cette transparence a un impact direct sur la vitesse d'apprentissage de la lecture. La langue fran\u00E7aise pr\u00E9sente plusieurs irr\u00E9gularit\u00E9s (beaucoup moins cependant que l'anglais), et n\u00E9cessite donc un effort d'apprentissage prolong\u00E9."@fr . . . . "16180"^^ . . . "\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0647\u062C\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062C\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062A\u0633\u0637\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062A \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062D\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0647\u062C\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064A\u0647. \u064A\u062E\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u062D\u064A\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062E\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Het woord spelling heeft twee verwante betekenissen: 1. \n* een bepaalde manier om taal, die primair spraak is, schriftelijk weer te geven; 2. \n* de offici\u00EBle of in brede kringen aanvaarde conventies voor die grafische weergave."@nl . . . . "( \uC2A4\uD3A0\uB9C1\uC740 \uC5EC\uAE30\uB85C \uC5F0\uACB0\uB429\uB2C8\uB2E4. \uB2E4\uB978 \uB73B\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC2A4\uD3A0\uB9C1 (\uB3D9\uC74C\uC774\uC758) \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uCCA0\uC790(\u7DB4\u5B57) \uB610\uB294 \uC2A4\uD3A0\uB9C1(spelling)\uC740 \uC774\uD574 \uAC00\uB2A5\uD55C \uC21C\uC11C\uB85C \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uB294 \uD544\uC218\uC801\uC778 \uC790\uBAA8\uC640 \uBC1C\uC74C \uAD6C\uBCC4 \uAE30\uD638\uC640 \uD568\uAED8 (phonemic orthography)\uC758 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uD559\uC801 \uACFC\uC815\uC73C\uB85C, \uC5B4\uB290 \uC815\uB3C4 \uD45C\uC900\uD654\uAC00 \uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC989, \"\uC5B8\uC5B4\uB97C \uC4F0\uAE30 \uC704\uD574 \uC5B4\uB5BB\uAC8C \uBB38\uC790\uC758 \uC790\uC18C\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD560\uC9C0\uB97C \uACB0\uC815\uD558\uB294 \uADDC\uCE59\"\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uB2E4\uC2DC \uB9D0\uD574, \uB9D0\uC744 \uAE00\uB85C \uD574\uC11D\uD55C \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4. \uCCA0\uC790\uB294 \uB9DE\uCDA4\uBC95\uC758 \uC694\uC18C\uB4E4 \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . "Les comp\u00E9tences orthographiques sont la capacit\u00E9 de former, stocker et acc\u00E9der aux repr\u00E9sentations orthographiques des sons (phon\u00E8mes). Les langues varient consid\u00E9rablement dans la simplicit\u00E9 de leur notation des sons, ce ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne est connu comme \"la transparence des relations graph\u00E8mes - phon\u00E8mes\". Cette transparence a un impact direct sur la vitesse d'apprentissage de la lecture. La langue fran\u00E7aise pr\u00E9sente plusieurs irr\u00E9gularit\u00E9s (beaucoup moins cependant que l'anglais), et n\u00E9cessite donc un effort d'apprentissage prolong\u00E9."@fr . . . "Ejaan adalah penggambaran bunyi bahasa (kata, kalimat, dan lain sebagainya) dalam tulisan (huruf-huruf) serta penggunaan tanda baca. Penggunaan huruf, penulisan kata, dan penggunaan tanda baca tidak boleh diabaikan karena akan mengakibatkan perbedaan makna. Oleh karena itu dalam penulisan kata ataupun kalimat perlu memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah dan aturan baku yang berlaku, seperti PUEBI (Pedoman Umum Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan). Ejaan biasanya memiliki tiga aspek yaitu:"@in . . . "Stavning"@sv . . . . . . "Spelling"@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . "Compitazione"@it . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7DB4\u308A\u5B57\uFF08\u3064\u3065\u308A\u3058\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u3042\u308B\u8A9E\u3092\u6587\u5B57\u3067\u8868\u3059\u969B\u306B\u3001\u3069\u306E\u97F3\u3084\u610F\u5473\u30FB\u6587\u6CD5\u7684\u6A5F\u80FD\u306B\u3069\u306E\u5B57\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308B\u304B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u898F\u5247\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u7DB4\u5B57\uFF08\u3066\u3044\u3058\u3001\u3066\u3064\u3058\uFF09\u3001\u30B9\u30DA\u30EA\u30F3\u30B0\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\u540D\u8A5E: spelling\uFF09\u3001\u30B9\u30DA\u30EB\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\u52D5\u8A5E: spell\uFF09\u3068\u3082\u3044\u3046\u3002 \u8A00\u8A9E\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6C7A\u3081\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u7DB4\u308A\u5B57\u306E\u898F\u5247\u4F53\u7CFB\u3092\u7DB4\u5B57\u6CD5\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F\u7DB4\u308A\u5B57\u6CD5\u3068\u547C\u3073\u3001\u6B63\u66F8\u6CD5\u306E\u6700\u3082\u4E2D\u5FC3\u7684\u306A\u5F79\u5272\u3092\u679C\u305F\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u7DB4\u5B57\u6CD5\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u3042\u308B\u8A00\u8A9E\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u540C\u3058\u8A9E\u306F\u540C\u3058\u7DB4\u308A\u3067\u66F8\u304B\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u65E5\u672C\u8A9E\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u306F\u8907\u6570\u306E\u6587\u5B57\u4F53\u7CFB\u3092\u4F7F\u3046\u304C\u3001\u4EEE\u540D\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306E\u7DB4\u5B57\u6CD5\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7279\u306B\u4EEE\u540D\u9063\u3044\u3068\u547C\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . "\u62FC\u5BEB\u72F9\u7FA9\u4E0A\u6307\u4EE5\u4E00\u5B9A\u898F\u5247\u7D44\u5408\u5B57\u6BCD\u5F62\u6210\u4E00\u500B\u8A5E\u7684\u904E\u7A0B\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u6240\u7D44\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5B57\u6BCD\u5217\u3002\u7279\u5B9A\u8A9E\u8A00\u4F9D\u7FD2\u6163\u6216\u898F\u7BC4\u6240\u5F62\u6210\u7684\u62FC\u5BEB\u7684\u6A19\u6E96\uFF0C\u662F\u6B64\u8A9E\u8A00\u6B63\u5B57\u6CD5\u7684\u91CD\u8981\u7D44\u6210\u90E8\u5206\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u4E00\u500B\u8A5E\u7684\u62FC\u5BEB\u662F\u4F86\u81EA\u65BC\u67D0\u500B\u6642\u671F\u8A72\u8A9E\u8A00\u7684\u8A9E\u97F3\uFF0C\u5F8C\u7D93\u7531\u767C\u5C55\u548C\u8B8A\u5316\u800C\u6210\u3002"@zh . . . . . "\u062A\u0633\u0637\u064A\u0631"@ar . . . . "\u7DB4\u308A\u5B57"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7DB4\u308A\u5B57\uFF08\u3064\u3065\u308A\u3058\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u3042\u308B\u8A9E\u3092\u6587\u5B57\u3067\u8868\u3059\u969B\u306B\u3001\u3069\u306E\u97F3\u3084\u610F\u5473\u30FB\u6587\u6CD5\u7684\u6A5F\u80FD\u306B\u3069\u306E\u5B57\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308B\u304B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u898F\u5247\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u7DB4\u5B57\uFF08\u3066\u3044\u3058\u3001\u3066\u3064\u3058\uFF09\u3001\u30B9\u30DA\u30EA\u30F3\u30B0\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\u540D\u8A5E: spelling\uFF09\u3001\u30B9\u30DA\u30EB\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\u52D5\u8A5E: spell\uFF09\u3068\u3082\u3044\u3046\u3002 \u8A00\u8A9E\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6C7A\u3081\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u7DB4\u308A\u5B57\u306E\u898F\u5247\u4F53\u7CFB\u3092\u7DB4\u5B57\u6CD5\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F\u7DB4\u308A\u5B57\u6CD5\u3068\u547C\u3073\u3001\u6B63\u66F8\u6CD5\u306E\u6700\u3082\u4E2D\u5FC3\u7684\u306A\u5F79\u5272\u3092\u679C\u305F\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u7DB4\u5B57\u6CD5\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u3042\u308B\u8A00\u8A9E\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u540C\u3058\u8A9E\u306F\u540C\u3058\u7DB4\u308A\u3067\u66F8\u304B\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u65E5\u672C\u8A9E\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u306F\u8907\u6570\u306E\u6587\u5B57\u4F53\u7CFB\u3092\u4F7F\u3046\u304C\u3001\u4EEE\u540D\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306E\u7DB4\u5B57\u6CD5\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7279\u306B\u4EEE\u540D\u9063\u3044\u3068\u547C\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . "\u62FC\u5BEB"@zh . . "Literumado estas elparolado de unuopaj literoj de vorto por pli klare indiki la skribmanieron (ekz. dum per telefono). En Esperanto la literoj havas nomojn: a bo co \u0109o do e fo go \u011Do ho \u0125o i jo \u0135o ko lo mo no o po ro so \u015Do to u \u016Do vo zo. En la matematiko estas uzataj anka\u016D la literoj q (kuo), w (duobla vo), x (ikso), y (ipsilono) kaj la grekaj literoj (alfa, beta, gama, delta, epsilon, , eta, teta, jota, , lambda, mu, nu, ksi, , pi, ro, sigma, ta\u016D, upsilon, fi, \u0125i, psi, omega). Aperis anka\u016D aliaj provoj pri la nomoj de literoj - vidu la artikolon Esperanta alfabeto."@eo . . . . "\u62FC\u5BEB\u72F9\u7FA9\u4E0A\u6307\u4EE5\u4E00\u5B9A\u898F\u5247\u7D44\u5408\u5B57\u6BCD\u5F62\u6210\u4E00\u500B\u8A5E\u7684\u904E\u7A0B\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u6240\u7D44\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5B57\u6BCD\u5217\u3002\u7279\u5B9A\u8A9E\u8A00\u4F9D\u7FD2\u6163\u6216\u898F\u7BC4\u6240\u5F62\u6210\u7684\u62FC\u5BEB\u7684\u6A19\u6E96\uFF0C\u662F\u6B64\u8A9E\u8A00\u6B63\u5B57\u6CD5\u7684\u91CD\u8981\u7D44\u6210\u90E8\u5206\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u4E00\u500B\u8A5E\u7684\u62FC\u5BEB\u662F\u4F86\u81EA\u65BC\u67D0\u500B\u6642\u671F\u8A72\u8A9E\u8A00\u7684\u8A9E\u97F3\uFF0C\u5F8C\u7D93\u7531\u767C\u5C55\u548C\u8B8A\u5316\u800C\u6210\u3002"@zh . . "Spelling"@en . . . "Spelling is a set of conventions that regulate the way of using graphemes (writing system) to represent a language in its written form. In other words, spelling is the rendering of speech sound (phoneme) into writing (grapheme). Spelling is one of the elements of orthography, and highly standardized spelling is a prescriptive element. Spellings originated as transcriptions of the sounds of spoken language according to the alphabetic principle. They remain largely reflective of the sounds, although fully phonemic spelling is an ideal that most languages' orthographies only approximate, some more closely than others. This is true for various reasons, including that pronunciation changes over time in all languages, yet spellings as visual norms may resist change. In addition, words from other languages may be adopted without being adapted to the spelling system, and different meanings of a word or homophones may be deliberately spelled in different ways to differentiate them visually."@en . . "Literumado"@eo . . . . "( \uC2A4\uD3A0\uB9C1\uC740 \uC5EC\uAE30\uB85C \uC5F0\uACB0\uB429\uB2C8\uB2E4. \uB2E4\uB978 \uB73B\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC2A4\uD3A0\uB9C1 (\uB3D9\uC74C\uC774\uC758) \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uCCA0\uC790(\u7DB4\u5B57) \uB610\uB294 \uC2A4\uD3A0\uB9C1(spelling)\uC740 \uC774\uD574 \uAC00\uB2A5\uD55C \uC21C\uC11C\uB85C \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uB294 \uD544\uC218\uC801\uC778 \uC790\uBAA8\uC640 \uBC1C\uC74C \uAD6C\uBCC4 \uAE30\uD638\uC640 \uD568\uAED8 (phonemic orthography)\uC758 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uD559\uC801 \uACFC\uC815\uC73C\uB85C, \uC5B4\uB290 \uC815\uB3C4 \uD45C\uC900\uD654\uAC00 \uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC989, \"\uC5B8\uC5B4\uB97C \uC4F0\uAE30 \uC704\uD574 \uC5B4\uB5BB\uAC8C \uBB38\uC790\uC758 \uC790\uC18C\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD560\uC9C0\uB97C \uACB0\uC815\uD558\uB294 \uADDC\uCE59\"\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uB2E4\uC2DC \uB9D0\uD574, \uB9D0\uC744 \uAE00\uB85C \uD574\uC11D\uD55C \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4. \uCCA0\uC790\uB294 \uB9DE\uCDA4\uBC95\uC758 \uC694\uC18C\uB4E4 \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . "Stavning \u00E4r konventionen f\u00F6r hur ord i ett spr\u00E5k skrivs p\u00E5 ett etablerat och accepterat s\u00E4tt. Det \u00E4r en av delarna av ortografi, och \u00E4r ofta preskriptiv (styrande) till sin karakt\u00E4r. De flesta stavningssystem bygger p\u00E5 en approximativ transkribering av spr\u00E5kets ljud till alfabetets bokst\u00E4ver. Helt fonetiska (ljudriktiga) stavningssystem h\u00F6r dock till undantagen, d\u00E5 uttalet f\u00F6r\u00E4ndras \u00F6ver tiden medan stavningen ofta konserveras under l\u00E4ngre tid. \u00C4ven om stavning ofta idag betraktas som ett mer eller mindre absolut regelverk \u00E4r detta en relativt sen utveckling, som kommit till st\u00E5nd genom standardiseringsstr\u00E4vanden, akademiska system, nationella reformer och dylikt. Sm\u00E5 spr\u00E5k och dialekter kan sakna en standardiserad stavning."@sv . . . . . "Comp\u00E9tences orthographiques"@fr . . "Pisownia"@pl . . "\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0647\u062C\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062C\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062A\u0633\u0637\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062A \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062D\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0647\u062C\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064A\u0647. \u064A\u062E\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u062D\u064A\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062E\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629."@ar . . . "\u041F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441"@uk . "\uCCA0\uC790"@ko . "Literumado estas elparolado de unuopaj literoj de vorto por pli klare indiki la skribmanieron (ekz. dum per telefono). En Esperanto la literoj havas nomojn: a bo co \u0109o do e fo go \u011Do ho \u0125o i jo \u0135o ko lo mo no o po ro so \u015Do to u \u016Do vo zo. En la matematiko estas uzataj anka\u016D la literoj q (kuo), w (duobla vo), x (ikso), y (ipsilono) kaj la grekaj literoj (alfa, beta, gama, delta, epsilon, , eta, teta, jota, , lambda, mu, nu, ksi, , pi, ro, sigma, ta\u016D, upsilon, fi, \u0125i, psi, omega). Aperis anka\u016D aliaj provoj pri la nomoj de literoj - vidu la artikolon Esperanta alfabeto. Vidu anka\u016D: Literuma alfabeto."@eo . "Ejaan"@in . . .