. . . "1099775762"^^ . "Als Tiefenlockerung bezeichnet man in der Landwirtschaft und im Gartenbau ein mechanisches Aufbrechen verdichteter, das Wurzelwachstum behindernder und gegebenenfalls auch wasserstauender Schichten im Unterboden ab ca. 30 cm Tiefe. Ursache von Unterbodenverdichtungen k\u00F6nnen zum Beispiel Pflugsohlen, Ortstein oder vorausgegangene Bauma\u00DFnahmen unter Einsatz schwerer Maschinen sein. Zur Tiefenlockerung werden spezielle grubber\u00E4hnliche ein- und mehrzinkige Ger\u00E4te mit starren oder auch durch Zapfwelle des Traktors angetriebenen beweglichen Lockerungsscharen eingesetzt; bei Pflugsohlenverdichtungen gen\u00FCgt manchmal aber auch die Verwendung eines besonders stabil aufgebauten Schwergrubbers. Die g\u00E4ngigen Arbeitstiefen von 60 bis 90 cm bedingen das Aufbringen einer bedeutenden Zugkraft durch den Traktor. Um ein durchgreifendes Aufbrechen (Lockern) des Unterbodens zu erreichen, sollte der Boden m\u00F6glichst trocken und damit nur wenig plastisch verformbar sein. Um den gelockerten Boden zu stabilisieren, wird die Tiefenlockerung h\u00E4ufig mit einer Meliorationskalkung verbunden."@de . . "Als Tiefenlockerung bezeichnet man in der Landwirtschaft und im Gartenbau ein mechanisches Aufbrechen verdichteter, das Wurzelwachstum behindernder und gegebenenfalls auch wasserstauender Schichten im Unterboden ab ca. 30 cm Tiefe. Ursache von Unterbodenverdichtungen k\u00F6nnen zum Beispiel Pflugsohlen, Ortstein oder vorausgegangene Bauma\u00DFnahmen unter Einsatz schwerer Maschinen sein. Zur Tiefenlockerung werden spezielle grubber\u00E4hnliche ein- und mehrzinkige Ger\u00E4te mit starren oder auch durch Zapfwelle des Traktors angetriebenen beweglichen Lockerungsscharen eingesetzt; bei Pflugsohlenverdichtungen gen\u00FCgt manchmal aber auch die Verwendung eines besonders stabil aufgebauten Schwergrubbers. Die g\u00E4ngigen Arbeitstiefen von 60 bis 90 cm bedingen das Aufbringen einer bedeutenden Zugkraft durch den Tra"@de . . . "La ripuntatura o scarificatura o rippatura, in agricoltura, \u00E8 una lavorazione che prevede la lavorazione del terreno compatto mediante una serie di tagli verticali, che a seconda delle caratteristiche meccaniche del suolo possono o meno produrre lo sgretolamento delle zolle, ed in generale comportano una ridotta od assente alterazione del profilo degli strati. L'azione di sgretolamento nei terreni argillosi \u00E8 spesso considerata positiva nei terreni da dissodare, ma difficile da ottenere poich\u00E9 dipende da precise condizioni di umidit\u00E0 (condizione di terreno \"in tempera\", intermedia tra lo stato coesivo e quello adesivo) e quindi legata a precise finestre stagionali. Anche in assenza di sgretolamento comunque la ripuntatura esibisce degli effetti positivi, in particolare per ci\u00F2 che riguarda la rottura delle suole di lavorazione ed il miglioramento del drenaggio idrico."@it . "Een decompactor of diepwoeler is een landbouwwerktuig dat functioneert als een vervanger van de traditionele ploeg. Een decompactor heeft een werkbreedte van ongeveer 2,5 \u00E0 3 meter waarop zich zes lange ploegelementen bevinden met een lichte verticale en horizontale hoek, die de grond op een diepte van ongeveer dertig \u00E0 veertig centimeter vijf centimeter oplicht en zijdelings verzet. Zo worden storende grondlagen gebroken zodat de doorlaatbaarheid en structuur van de grond sterk verbetert, met een rendement van het dubbele van een traditionele vierschaars-ploeg. Het gebruik vraagt ongeveer 150 pk."@nl . . "5660"^^ . . . "Decompactor"@nl . "\u0413\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447 \u2014 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0434\u044F \u0447\u0438 \u043C\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u0438 \u0491\u0440\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0443 \u043D\u0430 \u0433\u043B\u0438\u0431\u0438\u043D\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0434 40 \u0441\u043C (\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F)."@uk . . . . "El arado de subsuelo, o subsolador, es un arado apto para subsolar, es decir, trabajar en suelos m\u00E1s profundos que necesitan ser eliminados debido a : \n* necesidad de romper capas endurecidas por tr\u00E1fico \n* para una mayor fertilidad del suelo y humedad. Hay varios tipos de arado de subsuelo; los hay de forma en v o ya sea lineal depende de la potencia del tractor ser\u00E1 el arado de subsuelo y el n\u00FAmero de cuchillas que ocupa"@es . . "Arada de subsol"@ca . "G\u0142\u0119bosz \u2013 narz\u0119dzie lub maszyna do uprawy specjalnej o g\u0142\u0119boko\u015Bci wi\u0119kszej ni\u017C 40 cm zwanej g\u0142\u0119boszowaniem. Zespo\u0142em roboczym g\u0142\u0119bosza s\u0105 z\u0119by (jeden lub kilka) zako\u0144czone d\u0142utami. Spotykane s\u0105 g\u0142\u0119bosze bierne i aktywne. U g\u0142\u0119bosza aktywnego d\u0142uta w czasie pracy wykonuj\u0105 ruch post\u0119powy i oscyluj\u0105cy, a biernego tylko ruch post\u0119powy. W g\u0142\u0119boszach aktywnych poszczeg\u00F3lne z\u0119by s\u0105 nap\u0119dzane od wa\u0142u odbioru mocy ci\u0105gnika. G\u0142\u0119bosz stosowany do kruszenia i spulchniania gleby w celu polepszenia jej w\u0142a\u015Bciwo\u015Bci fizycznych i biologicznych. Spulchnia niewzruszon\u0105 przez ork\u0119 warstw\u0119 gleby, dopowietrza j\u0105 i umo\u017Cliwia lepsze przesi\u0105kanie wody, co sprzyja rozwojowi korzeni ro\u015Blin. Przes\u0142ank\u0105 do wykonania tego zabiegu s\u0105 pojawiaj\u0105ce si\u0119 wiosn\u0105 i po obfitych opadach d\u0142ugo utrzymuj\u0105ce si\u0119 na polach zastoiska wodne."@pl . . . . . . "L'arada de subsol o subsolador, \u00E9s una arada apta per a treballar en s\u00F2ls m\u00E9s profunds del normal. Aquests s\u00F2ls necessiten ser remoguts i voltejats per diferents motius: \n* Per a trencar la terra endurida i atape\u00EFda de la superf\u00EDcie i altres capes del s\u00F2l. \n* Per a donar una major humitat i fertilitat al s\u00F2l. Hi ha diversos tipus d'arada de subsol, n'hi ha de \"lineals\" i en forma de \"V\". La forma de l'arada i el nombre de fulles dep\u00E8n de la pot\u00E8ncia del tractor."@ca . . . . . "El arado de subsuelo, o subsolador, es un arado apto para subsolar, es decir, trabajar en suelos m\u00E1s profundos que necesitan ser eliminados debido a : \n* necesidad de romper capas endurecidas por tr\u00E1fico \n* para una mayor fertilidad del suelo y humedad. Hay varios tipos de arado de subsuelo; los hay de forma en v o ya sea lineal depende de la potencia del tractor ser\u00E1 el arado de subsuelo y el n\u00FAmero de cuchillas que ocupa"@es . "A subsoiler or flat lifter is a tractor-mounted farm implement used for deep tillage, loosening and breaking up soil at depths below the levels worked by moldboard ploughs, disc harrows, or rototillers. Most such tools will break up and turn over surface soil to a depth of 15\u201320 cm (5.9\u20137.9 in), whereas a subsoiler will break up and loosen soil to twice those depths. The subsoiler is a tillage tool which will improve growth in all crops where soil compaction is a problem. In agriculture angled wings are used to lift and shatter the hardpan that builds up due to compaction. The design provides deep tillage, loosening soil deeper than a tiller or plough is capable of reaching. Agricultural subsoilers, according to the Unverferth Company, can disrupt hardpan ground down to 60 cm (24 in) depths. The subsoiler consists of three or more heavy vertical shanks (standards) mounted on a toolbar or frame with shear bolts. They can be operated at depths of 45\u201375 cm (18\u201330 in) or more. A ripper normally runs 35\u201345 cm (14\u201318 in) deep. Shanks are curved and have replaceable tips. Each shank is fitted with a replaceable point or foot, similar to a chisel plough, to break through the impervious layer, shattering the sub-soil to a depth of 45\u201375 cm (18\u201330 in). Subsoiling is a slow operation and requires high power input: 60 to 100 hp to pull a single subsoil point through a hard soil. Typically, a subsoiler mounted on a compact utility tractor will reach depths of about 30 cm (12 in) and have only one thin blade with a sharpened tip. The shanks should be inclined to the vertical at an angle greater than 25-30 degrees, preferably 45 degrees, and it is advisable that the height be adjustable. The points of the shanks are normally about 30 cm (12 in) wide and should be easy to replace. The condition of the points is very important: often the subsoiler fails to give good results due to the condition of its points. Points can be fitted with horizontal wings, about 30 cm (12 in) wide, which considerably increases the width of soil below ploughing depth loosened by the subsoiler. These plows are sometimes equipped with a torpedo-shaped attachment for making subsurface drainage channels. The subsoilers are raised and lowered hydraulically. Some models feature power-take-off (PTO)-driven vibrating devices. The typical spacing is 76\u2013100 cm (30\u201339 in) between shanks. Shanks should be able to reach 2.5\u20135 cm (0.98\u20131.97 in) below the deepest compacted layer. Shank spacing and height should be adjustable in the field. Towed subsoilers should have gauge wheels to control the shank's depth. Shanks usually are from 2\u20134 cm (0.79\u20131.57 in) thick. Thinner shanks are suited for agricultural use. Thicker shanks hold up better in rocky conditions, but require larger, more powerful equipment to pull them and disturb the surface more. Various manufacturers' brochures claim that crops perform well during hot and dry seasons because roots penetrate soil layers deeper to reach moisture and nutrients. Brochures further claim that in wet conditions, the water passes more easily through the shattered areas, reducing the possibility of crops drowning. Agricultural subsoiler implements will have multiple deeper-reaching blades; each blade is called a scarifier or shank. Purdue University's Department of Agriculture indicates that common subsoilers for agricultural use are available with three, five or seven shanks. Subsoilers can be up to 15 feet (4.6 m) wide; some models are towed behind tractors while others are mounted to the three-point hitch. One type of subsoiler has a torpedo-shaped tip and is called a mole plough because the tip describes a path much like the burrow that a mole creates. Mole ploughs are used to create tile drainage, with or without tiles or tile line added. A form of this implement (with a single blade), a pipe-and-cable-laying plough, is used to lay buried cables or pipes, without the need to dig a deep trench and re-fill it."@en . . . "10241472"^^ . . "Ripuntatura"@it . . . "L'arada de subsol o subsolador, \u00E9s una arada apta per a treballar en s\u00F2ls m\u00E9s profunds del normal. Aquests s\u00F2ls necessiten ser remoguts i voltejats per diferents motius: \n* Per a trencar la terra endurida i atape\u00EFda de la superf\u00EDcie i altres capes del s\u00F2l. \n* Per a donar una major humitat i fertilitat al s\u00F2l. Hi ha diversos tipus d'arada de subsol, n'hi ha de \"lineals\" i en forma de \"V\". La forma de l'arada i el nombre de fulles dep\u00E8n de la pot\u00E8ncia del tractor."@ca . . . . . "\u0413\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447 \u2014 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0434\u044F \u0447\u0438 \u043C\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u0438 \u0491\u0440\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0443 \u043D\u0430 \u0433\u043B\u0438\u0431\u0438\u043D\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0434 40 \u0441\u043C (\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F)."@uk . . . "Le sous-solage est une technique agricole de travail du sol en profondeur, permettant de lui redonner de la perm\u00E9abilit\u00E9 en am\u00E9liorant le drainage naturel et la circulation capillaire horizontale de l'eau sur les sols labour\u00E9s ou compact\u00E9s. Le sous-solage est diff\u00E9rent du d\u00E9compactage ordinaire : Une sous-soleuse travaille \u00E0 environ 50cm de profondeur et pr\u00E9sente un d\u00E9gagement sous b\u00E2ti d'environ 90cm. Ces chiffres sont respectivement d'environ 35 et 70 cm pour un d\u00E9compacteur."@fr . . "\u0413\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447"@uk . "Arado de subsuelo"@es . . "G\u0142\u0119bosz \u2013 narz\u0119dzie lub maszyna do uprawy specjalnej o g\u0142\u0119boko\u015Bci wi\u0119kszej ni\u017C 40 cm zwanej g\u0142\u0119boszowaniem. Zespo\u0142em roboczym g\u0142\u0119bosza s\u0105 z\u0119by (jeden lub kilka) zako\u0144czone d\u0142utami. Spotykane s\u0105 g\u0142\u0119bosze bierne i aktywne. U g\u0142\u0119bosza aktywnego d\u0142uta w czasie pracy wykonuj\u0105 ruch post\u0119powy i oscyluj\u0105cy, a biernego tylko ruch post\u0119powy. W g\u0142\u0119boszach aktywnych poszczeg\u00F3lne z\u0119by s\u0105 nap\u0119dzane od wa\u0142u odbioru mocy ci\u0105gnika."@pl . . . . "A subsoiler or flat lifter is a tractor-mounted farm implement used for deep tillage, loosening and breaking up soil at depths below the levels worked by moldboard ploughs, disc harrows, or rototillers. Most such tools will break up and turn over surface soil to a depth of 15\u201320 cm (5.9\u20137.9 in), whereas a subsoiler will break up and loosen soil to twice those depths."@en . "Le sous-solage est une technique agricole de travail du sol en profondeur, permettant de lui redonner de la perm\u00E9abilit\u00E9 en am\u00E9liorant le drainage naturel et la circulation capillaire horizontale de l'eau sur les sols labour\u00E9s ou compact\u00E9s. Le sous-solage est diff\u00E9rent du d\u00E9compactage ordinaire : Une sous-soleuse travaille \u00E0 environ 50cm de profondeur et pr\u00E9sente un d\u00E9gagement sous b\u00E2ti d'environ 90cm. Ces chiffres sont respectivement d'environ 35 et 70 cm pour un d\u00E9compacteur."@fr . . . . "La ripuntatura o scarificatura o rippatura, in agricoltura, \u00E8 una lavorazione che prevede la lavorazione del terreno compatto mediante una serie di tagli verticali, che a seconda delle caratteristiche meccaniche del suolo possono o meno produrre lo sgretolamento delle zolle, ed in generale comportano una ridotta od assente alterazione del profilo degli strati. Anche in assenza di sgretolamento comunque la ripuntatura esibisce degli effetti positivi, in particolare per ci\u00F2 che riguarda la rottura delle suole di lavorazione ed il miglioramento del drenaggio idrico."@it . "Sous-solage"@fr . . . . . . . "Een decompactor of diepwoeler is een landbouwwerktuig dat functioneert als een vervanger van de traditionele ploeg. Een decompactor heeft een werkbreedte van ongeveer 2,5 \u00E0 3 meter waarop zich zes lange ploegelementen bevinden met een lichte verticale en horizontale hoek, die de grond op een diepte van ongeveer dertig \u00E0 veertig centimeter vijf centimeter oplicht en zijdelings verzet. Zo worden storende grondlagen gebroken zodat de doorlaatbaarheid en structuur van de grond sterk verbetert, met een rendement van het dubbele van een traditionele vierschaars-ploeg. Het gebruik vraagt ongeveer 150 pk. De kleine vorm van de diepwoeler is de cultivator. Een extreem grote vorm van de diepwoeler is de ondergronder. Deze heeft meestal slechts \u00E9\u00E9n ploegelement, maar werkt op een grotere diepte. Het gebruik van deze gereedschappen kan een aanwezig drainagesysteem beschadigen als de bewerkingsdiepte te groot is."@nl . . . . . . "Tiefenlockerung"@de . "Subsoiler"@en . . . "G\u0142\u0119bosz"@pl . . . .