. . . . . . . . . . . "Tom Michael Lampe Wigley is a climate scientist at the University of Adelaide. He is also affiliated with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR). He was named a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his major contributions to climate and carbon cycle modeling and to climate data analysis, and because he is \"one of the world's foremost experts on climate change and one of the most highly cited scientists in the discipline.\" His h-index (April 2019) is 107, one of the highest in the discipline. He contributed to many of the reports published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (the work of the IPCC, including the contributions of many scientists, was recognised by the joint award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize)."@en . . . . . . . "Tom Wigley (18 de enero de 1940, Adelaida, Australia) es un cient\u00EDfico del clima en la Corporaci\u00F3n Universitaria de Investigaci\u00F3n Atmosf\u00E9rica (UCAR).\u200B Fue nombrado miembro de la Asociaci\u00F3n Estadounidense para el Avance de la Ciencia (AAAS) por sus contribuciones a la modelizaci\u00F3n del ciclo del carbono y el an\u00E1lisis de datos del clima, y porque es \"uno de los principales expertos del mundo sobre el cambio clim\u00E1tico y uno de los cient\u00EDficos m\u00E1s citados en la disciplina.\".\u200B Wigley ha sostenido en los medios de comunicaci\u00F3n que el Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Clim\u00E1tico (IPCC) ha sido demasiado optimista sobre el posibilidad de evitar el cambio clim\u00E1tico reduciendo las emisiones nocivas de gases de invernadero,\u200B y que \"los cambios inducidos por el ser humano en los pr\u00F3xi"@es . . . . "Tom Wigley est un climatologue de l\u2019universit\u00E9 d'Ad\u00E9la\u00EFde (Australie). Il travaille aussi en lien avec la University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)."@fr . . . . . . . . "Tom Wigley"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Tom Wigley"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . "21350895"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Tom Michael Lampe Wigley is a climate scientist at the University of Adelaide. He is also affiliated with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR). He was named a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his major contributions to climate and carbon cycle modeling and to climate data analysis, and because he is \"one of the world's foremost experts on climate change and one of the most highly cited scientists in the discipline.\" His h-index (April 2019) is 107, one of the highest in the discipline. He contributed to many of the reports published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (the work of the IPCC, including the contributions of many scientists, was recognised by the joint award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize). Wigley was educated as a mathematical physicist and earned his doctorate at the University of Adelaide in Australia. He served as director of the Climatic Research Unit at the University of East Anglia in the United Kingdom from 1978 to 1993. In 1993 he went on to the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, where he was appointed a senior scientist in 1994. He subsequently moved to the University of Adelaide where he currently (2014) holds a Professorial Fellowship. His published papers include the first paper to demonstrate 20th century warming using both land and marine data, the first paper to include the effects of aerosol cooling on projections of future climate change, the first paper to provide realistic scenarios for the stabilization of atmospheric CO2, and the first paper to use pattern-based methods to identify a significant human influence on the climate. Wigley has also published a number of highly cited papers in aqueous geochemistry, including a now-standard method for carbon dating of groundwater. Wigley has argued in the popular media that the IPCC has been too optimistic about the prospect of averting harmful climate change by reducing greenhouse emissions through the use of renewable technologies alone, and argued that any realistic portfolio must include significant contributions from nuclear energy. He has also pointed out that \"the human-induced changes that are expected over the next 100 years are much, much greater than any changes that societies experienced in the past.\" In 2013, with other leading experts, he was co-author of an open letter to policy makers, which stated that \"continued opposition to nuclear power threatens humanity's ability to avoid dangerous climate change.\""@en . . "\u0422\u043E\u043C \u0423\u0438\u0433\u043B\u0438 (Tom M. L. Wigley; \u0440\u043E\u0434. 18 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F 1940, \u0410\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0438\u0434\u0430, \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u044F) \u2014 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043B\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u043D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043C\u044B\u0445 \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0435.\u0427\u043B\u0435\u043D Academia Europaea (1991), \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 (1967), \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440 \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0410\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0438\u0434\u044B.\u0412 1979\u20141993 \u0433\u0433. \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438. \u0412 1993\u20142006 \u0433\u0433. \u0441\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 (\u0421\u0428\u0410).\u041D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0441\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043B\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 MAGICC (\u0432 1987), \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044B\u043D\u0435.\u041D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u043F\u043B\u043E\u0442\u044C \u0434\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043E\u0437 \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C. \u0416\u0435\u043D\u0438\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0432 1975 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443."@ru . . . . . . "Tom Wigley"@en . . . "Tom Wigley est un climatologue de l\u2019universit\u00E9 d'Ad\u00E9la\u00EFde (Australie). Il travaille aussi en lien avec la University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)."@fr . . "Tom Michael Lampe Wigley"@en . . "\u0422\u043E\u043C \u0423\u0438\u0433\u043B\u0438 (Tom M. L. Wigley; \u0440\u043E\u0434. 18 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F 1940, \u0410\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0438\u0434\u0430, \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u044F) \u2014 \u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043B\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u043D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043C\u044B\u0445 \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0435.\u0427\u043B\u0435\u043D Academia Europaea (1991), \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 (1967), \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440 \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0410\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0438\u0434\u044B.\u0412 1979\u20141993 \u0433\u0433. \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438. \u0412 1993\u20142006 \u0433\u0433. \u0441\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 (\u0421\u0428\u0410).\u041D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0441\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043B\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 MAGICC (\u0432 1987), \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044B\u043D\u0435.\u041D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u043F\u043B\u043E\u0442\u044C \u0434\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043E\u0437 \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C. \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043F\u0435\u043D\u044C \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u043E \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043B \u0432 \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0410\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0438\u0434\u044B. \u0412 1967-75 \u0433\u0433. \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0423\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043B\u0443 \u0432 \u041A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u0434\u0435. \u0421 1975 \u0433. \u0441\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A, \u0432 1979\u20141993 \u0433\u0433. \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0442 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440 \u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043B \u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0449\u044C \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 Shell \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043C\u0430 \u00ABClimate of Concern\u00BB (1991). \u0412 1993\u20142006 \u0433\u0433. \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u0412 2006 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u044E, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043D\u044B\u043D\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u044A\u044E\u043D\u043A\u0442-\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440 \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0410\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0438\u0434\u044B. \u0424\u0435\u043B\u043B\u043E \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 (2001) \u0438 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044E \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0438 (2002). \u0416\u0435\u043D\u0438\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0432 1975 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 250 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442."@ru . "Tom Michael Lampe Wigley"@en . . . . . . "1122525567"^^ . . . . . . "10173"^^ . . . . "Tom Wigley"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0423\u0438\u0433\u043B\u0438, \u0422\u043E\u043C"@ru . . . . . "Tom Wigley"@en . . . . "Tom Wigley (18 de enero de 1940, Adelaida, Australia) es un cient\u00EDfico del clima en la Corporaci\u00F3n Universitaria de Investigaci\u00F3n Atmosf\u00E9rica (UCAR).\u200B Fue nombrado miembro de la Asociaci\u00F3n Estadounidense para el Avance de la Ciencia (AAAS) por sus contribuciones a la modelizaci\u00F3n del ciclo del carbono y el an\u00E1lisis de datos del clima, y porque es \"uno de los principales expertos del mundo sobre el cambio clim\u00E1tico y uno de los cient\u00EDficos m\u00E1s citados en la disciplina.\".\u200B Wigley ha sostenido en los medios de comunicaci\u00F3n que el Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Clim\u00E1tico (IPCC) ha sido demasiado optimista sobre el posibilidad de evitar el cambio clim\u00E1tico reduciendo las emisiones nocivas de gases de invernadero,\u200B y que \"los cambios inducidos por el ser humano en los pr\u00F3ximos 100 a\u00F1os son mucho mayor que cualquier cambio que experimentaron las sociedades en el pasado.\u200B"@es . . .