"Vakbondsonderdrukking is het verstoren of weren van een vakbondswerking of het verhinderen van werknemers of vakbondsmilitanten om zich te organiseren in een vakbond. Werkgevers kunnen vakbonden onderdrukken op wettelijke en illegale manieren, van subtiele be\u00EFnvloeding tot het gebruik van fysiek geweld. Hoewel volgens de Universele Verklaring van de Rechten van de Mens eenieder het recht heeft om zich aan te sluiten bij een vakbond, is dit in veel landen geen bindende wet. Ook de wetgever kan aan vakbondsonderdrukking doen, door wetgeving op te nemen in het arbeidsrecht, bijvoorbeeld door het stakingsrecht in te perken. Vakbondsonderdrukking is schering en inslag in de Verenigde Staten, waar de praktijk bekendstaat als union busting."@nl . "Union busting"@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Union busting (anti-facklig verksamhet) \u00E4r ett samlingsbegrepp f\u00F6r en rad aktiviteter som kan vidtas av arbetsgivare eller arbetsgivarorganisationer f\u00F6r att st\u00F6ra, eller f\u00F6rhindra bildandet av, fria fackf\u00F6reningar."@sv . . . . . . . . . "Pemberangusan serikat pekerja"@in . "Lo Union Busting (traducibile in Italiano come Distruzione delle relazioni sindacali, Repressione anti-sindacale, Violenza anti-sindacale) \u00E8 una serie di attivit\u00E0 e pratiche anti-sindacali, legali e illegali, intraprese per interrompere o impedire la formazione di sindacati o l'espansione della loro presenza. L'applicazione e l'aderenza alle leggi sul lavoro possono differire in tutto il mondo, ma le leggi sul lavoro continuano ad espandersi in nuovi paesi come il diritto del lavoro della Repubblica popolare cinese e il diritto del lavoro indiano."@it . . . . . . . . "Union busting"@en . . . . . . . . "Union Busting"@de . "Pemberangusan serikat pekerja (dikenal di Amerika Serikat dalam bahasa Inggris sebagai union busting) adalah sebuah upaya pendayaan serikat pekerja bagi kepentingan majikan atau perlakukan kooptasi pada serikat pekerja. Praktik ini dianggap buruk, penentang pratik perburuhan yang tidak sehat atau unfair labor practiceadalah Senator Robert Taft dan Fred A. Hartley, Jr. dengan usulan undang-2 yang dikenal sebagai Taft\u2013Hartley Act akan tetapi kemudian kandas karena diveto oleh Harry S. Truman pada 23 Juni 1947."@in . . . . . . . . . "Union Busting (engl. \u201EGewerkschafts-Zerst\u00F6rung\u201C) ist ein Fachbegriff aus den USA f\u00FCr die systematische Bek\u00E4mpfung, Unterdr\u00FCckung und Sabotage von Arbeitnehmervertretungen, also Gewerkschaften, Betriebsr\u00E4ten und Personalr\u00E4ten. Dazu geh\u00F6ren legale wie auch illegale Methoden wie beispielsweise die ungenehmigte Aussp\u00E4hung durch Detekteien, die gezielte Diskreditierung oder ungerechtfertigte K\u00FCndigung von Arbeitnehmervertretern, die F\u00F6rderung von arbeitgeberfreundlichen W\u00E4hlerlisten und die Blockade von Betriebsratswahlen. Union Busting steht in einem Spannungsverh\u00E4ltnis zu grundrechtlichen Garantien, zum geltenden Arbeitsrecht (in Deutschland z. B. K\u00FCndigungsschutzgesetz, Arbeitszeitgesetz und Betriebsverfassungsgesetz), zur Europ\u00E4ischen Sozialcharta und zu den Arbeitsrechtsnormen der Internationalen Arbeitsorganisation (ILO) der UNO. Seit Beginn der 2000er Jahre werden f\u00FCr dieselben Praktiken auch die Begriffe \u201EUnion Avoidance\u201C (dt.: Gewerkschaftsvermeidung), \u201ECounter Organizing\u201C (dt.: Gegenorganisierung) und \u201EUnion Prevention\u201C (dt.: Vorbeugung gegen die Bildung einer Belegschaftsvertretung) benutzt. In Deutschland benutzte die Gewerkschaft Nahrung-Genuss-Gastst\u00E4tten den Begriff Union Busting erstmals im Jahre 1999, um Praktiken des Fast Food-Konzerns McDonald\u2019s anzuprangern. 2014 haben die Autoren Werner R\u00FCgemer und Elmar Wigand den Begriff in Deutschland st\u00E4rker eingef\u00FChrt und gepr\u00E4gt, sodass er in Gewerkschaften und Medien gebr\u00E4uchlich wurde."@de . . "220"^^ . . . . . . "On appelle r\u00E9pression antisyndicale toute activit\u00E9 visant \u00E0 entraver l'action syndicale. Selon les pays et les \u00E9poques, cela peut passer par diff\u00E9rentes m\u00E9thodes. Ainsi, il peut y avoir une l\u00E9gislation qui les interdit ou les entrave fortement (en ne donnant par exemple aucune protection particuli\u00E8re aux d\u00E9l\u00E9gu\u00E9s syndicaux ou d\u00E9l\u00E9gu\u00E9s du personnel ou en interdisant la cr\u00E9ation de nouveaux syndicats). Ils peuvent \u00EAtre mis sous contr\u00F4le \u00E9tatique ou patronal par l'\u00E9mission de guides \u00E0 l'intention du patronat pour lutter contre l'activit\u00E9 syndicale (Australie) ou bien par des campagnes de propagande antisyndicale ainsi que des lois (par exemple, la loi 43 de la province de Qu\u00E9bec, au Canada). Dans les cas les plus graves, des syndicalistes, ainsi que leurs sympathisants ou leur famille, peuven"@fr . . . . "1112007796"^^ . . . . "Pemberangusan serikat pekerja (dikenal di Amerika Serikat dalam bahasa Inggris sebagai union busting) adalah sebuah upaya pendayaan serikat pekerja bagi kepentingan majikan atau perlakukan kooptasi pada serikat pekerja. Praktik ini dianggap buruk, penentang pratik perburuhan yang tidak sehat atau unfair labor practiceadalah Senator Robert Taft dan Fred A. Hartley, Jr. dengan usulan undang-2 yang dikenal sebagai Taft\u2013Hartley Act akan tetapi kemudian kandas karena diveto oleh Harry S. Truman pada 23 Juni 1947."@in . . . . . . . . . "Union Busting (engl. \u201EGewerkschafts-Zerst\u00F6rung\u201C) ist ein Fachbegriff aus den USA f\u00FCr die systematische Bek\u00E4mpfung, Unterdr\u00FCckung und Sabotage von Arbeitnehmervertretungen, also Gewerkschaften, Betriebsr\u00E4ten und Personalr\u00E4ten. Dazu geh\u00F6ren legale wie auch illegale Methoden wie beispielsweise die ungenehmigte Aussp\u00E4hung durch Detekteien, die gezielte Diskreditierung oder ungerechtfertigte K\u00FCndigung von Arbeitnehmervertretern, die F\u00F6rderung von arbeitgeberfreundlichen W\u00E4hlerlisten und die Blockade von Betriebsratswahlen."@de . . . . . . . . . . "right"@en . . . "Lo Union Busting (traducibile in Italiano come Distruzione delle relazioni sindacali, Repressione anti-sindacale, Violenza anti-sindacale) \u00E8 una serie di attivit\u00E0 e pratiche anti-sindacali, legali e illegali, intraprese per interrompere o impedire la formazione di sindacati o l'espansione della loro presenza. Le leggi sul lavoro differiscono notevolmente da paese a paese sia per il livello che per il tipo di normative per quanto riguarda la protezione dei sindacati, le loro attivit\u00E0 organizzative e altri aspetti. Queste leggi possono influenzare argomenti come la pubblicazione di avvisi e notizie, l'organizzazione sul luogo di lavoro o fuori, interazioni coi colleghi, sottoscrizioni sindacali, quote sindacali, picchetti, scioperi, scioperi e crumiraggio, serrate, la cessazione del rapporto di lavoro, sostituzioni permanenti, elezioni di rappresentanti e sindacati controllati dai datori di lavoro. L'articolo 23 della Dichiarazione universale dei diritti dell'uomo (UDHR) dichiara che tutti hanno il diritto di formare e / o aderire a un sindacato. La disposizione, tuttavia, non \u00E8 giuridicamente vincolante e, nella maggior parte delle giurisdizioni, non ha alcun effetto orizzontale nel rapporto giuridico tra datore di lavoro e dipendenti o sindacati. Ci sono molte societ\u00E0 di consulenza sui rapporti di lavoro negli Stati Uniti e nel mondo finalizzate allo union busting. Sono specializzate in settori come l'intrattenimento (radio, televisione e cinema), l'ospitalit\u00E0 (cucina e servizi di ristorazione), comunicazioni, industria manifatturiera, aerospaziale, servizi pubblici e assistenza sanitaria. Sebbene molti operino solo negli Stati Uniti, l'organizzazione sindacale avviene a livello multinazionale. Secondo l'AFL-CIO, una delle pi\u00F9 grandi aziende statunitensi, Labor Relations Institute (LRI), offre un \"Pacchetto vincente garantito\": se la societ\u00E0 non \"vince\", non paga. L'applicazione e l'aderenza alle leggi sul lavoro possono differire in tutto il mondo, ma le leggi sul lavoro continuano ad espandersi in nuovi paesi come il diritto del lavoro della Repubblica popolare cinese e il diritto del lavoro indiano. L'organizzazione sindacale inizia spesso con lavoratori non formati o ignari del diritto del lavoro . A causa del mutevole ambiente di lavoro globale e multinazionale e delle leggi sui rapporti di lavoro / occupazione, il movimento operaio moderno si rivolge sempre pi\u00F9 all'orientamento professionale. A livello internazionale, le leggi differiscono nel modo in cui viene definita un'unit\u00E0 di contrattazione per i lavoratori con descrizioni di mansioni che implicano supervisione o gestione."@it . . . . . "On appelle r\u00E9pression antisyndicale toute activit\u00E9 visant \u00E0 entraver l'action syndicale. Selon les pays et les \u00E9poques, cela peut passer par diff\u00E9rentes m\u00E9thodes. Ainsi, il peut y avoir une l\u00E9gislation qui les interdit ou les entrave fortement (en ne donnant par exemple aucune protection particuli\u00E8re aux d\u00E9l\u00E9gu\u00E9s syndicaux ou d\u00E9l\u00E9gu\u00E9s du personnel ou en interdisant la cr\u00E9ation de nouveaux syndicats). Ils peuvent \u00EAtre mis sous contr\u00F4le \u00E9tatique ou patronal par l'\u00E9mission de guides \u00E0 l'intention du patronat pour lutter contre l'activit\u00E9 syndicale (Australie) ou bien par des campagnes de propagande antisyndicale ainsi que des lois (par exemple, la loi 43 de la province de Qu\u00E9bec, au Canada). Dans les cas les plus graves, des syndicalistes, ainsi que leurs sympathisants ou leur famille, peuvent \u00EAtre assassin\u00E9s."@fr . . . "Union busting (anti-facklig verksamhet) \u00E4r ett samlingsbegrepp f\u00F6r en rad aktiviteter som kan vidtas av arbetsgivare eller arbetsgivarorganisationer f\u00F6r att st\u00F6ra, eller f\u00F6rhindra bildandet av, fria fackf\u00F6reningar."@sv . "Vakbondsonderdrukking is het verstoren of weren van een vakbondswerking of het verhinderen van werknemers of vakbondsmilitanten om zich te organiseren in een vakbond. Werkgevers kunnen vakbonden onderdrukken op wettelijke en illegale manieren, van subtiele be\u00EFnvloeding tot het gebruik van fysiek geweld. Hoewel volgens de Universele Verklaring van de Rechten van de Mens eenieder het recht heeft om zich aan te sluiten bij een vakbond, is dit in veel landen geen bindende wet. Ook de wetgever kan aan vakbondsonderdrukking doen, door wetgeving op te nemen in het arbeidsrecht, bijvoorbeeld door het stakingsrecht in te perken. Vakbondsonderdrukking is schering en inslag in de Verenigde Staten, waar de praktijk bekendstaat als union busting."@nl . . . . . . . . . . "Union busting"@sv . . . . . . . . "Union busting is a range of activities undertaken to disrupt or prevent the formation of trade unions or their attempts to grow their membership in a workplace. Union busting tactics can refer to both legal and illegal activities, and can range anywhere from subtle to violent. Article 23 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) declares that everyone has a right to form and/or join a trade union. The provision is, however, not legally binding and has, in most jurisdictions, no horizontal effect in the legal relation between employer and employees or unions."@en . . . . . . . . . "R\u00E9pression antisyndicale"@fr . . . . . "Vakbondsonderdrukking"@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . "54070"^^ . . . . . . "2793123"^^ . . . . . "Union busting is a range of activities undertaken to disrupt or prevent the formation of trade unions or their attempts to grow their membership in a workplace. Union busting tactics can refer to both legal and illegal activities, and can range anywhere from subtle to violent. Labor laws differ greatly from country to country in both level and type of regulations in respect to their protection of unions, their organizing activities, as well as other aspects. These laws can affect topics such as posting notices, organizing on or off employer property, solicitations, card signing, union dues, picketing, work stoppages, striking and strikebreaking, lockouts, termination of employment, permanent replacements, automatic recognition, derecognition, ballot elections, and employer-controlled trade unions. Article 23 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) declares that everyone has a right to form and/or join a trade union. The provision is, however, not legally binding and has, in most jurisdictions, no horizontal effect in the legal relation between employer and employees or unions. There are many labor relations consultancies in the United States and worldwide. They specialize in industries such as entertainment (radio, television and motion picture), hospitality (culinary and food service), communications, manufacturing, aerospace, utilities, and healthcare. Although many operate only in the United States, trade union organizing takes place multi-nationally. According to the AFL-CIO, \"one of the largest U.S. firms, Labor Relations Institute (LRI), offers a \u201CGuaranteed Winner Package\u201D: if the corporation does not \"win\", it does not pay. In both the US and Europe, organizing campaigns increasingly involve immigrant non-English speaking workers. Internationally, compliance with labor laws within developed countries can be vastly different from emerging countries. Both trade union organizers and management must know the law and avoid unfair labor practice (ULP) charges. Application and adherence to labor laws may differ worldwide, but labor laws continue to expand into new countries such as the Labour Law of the People's Republic of China and the Indian labour law. Trade union organizing often starts with workers who are untrained or unaware of labour law. Due to the changing global and multinational employment environment and labor relations/employment laws, the modern labor movement turns more and more to professional guidance. Internationally, laws differ in how a bargaining unit is defined for workers with job descriptions involving supervision or management. Because the operative word is \u201Claw\u201D, trade unions and workplaces may retain legal counsel to navigate the complexities of local and/or international labor laws in order to avoid unfair labor practice charges."@en . . .