. . "\u0420\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0443 1919 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u2014 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F \u0440\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u0410\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0423\u041D\u0420 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E-\u0443\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438."@uk . . "*Ukrainian Frontdisbanded and integrated into theWesternandSouthern Fronts" . . . "Interwencja radziecka na Ukrainie (1919)"@pl . . . . "1919"^^ . . . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430 (7 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F \u2014 16 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1919 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430) \u2014 \u043A\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0443\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u043D\u044B\u0445 (\u0410\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430) \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A \u0432\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0435."@ru . . . . . . "Smele"@en . . . . . "*Crimean SSR" . "50,000" . "2001"^^ . . . "Ivan Dubovoy"@en . . . "*White movementwin thebattle for the Donbas, successfullycapture Kyivandadvance on Moscow" . "Soviet defeat" . . . . . . . . "Nykyfor Hryhoriv"@en . "Interwencja radziecka na Ukrainie w 1919 r., ofensywa Frontu Ukrai\u0144skiego \u2013 agresja Rosji Radzieckiej przeciwko Ukrai\u0144skiej Republice Ludowej, zaplanowana w listopadzie 1918, po uznaniu przez Rad\u0119 Komisarzy Ludowych RFSRR traktatu brzeskiego za nieistniej\u0105cy, a rozpocz\u0119ta w pierwszych dniach stycznia 1919 r. . Jedna z faz wojny ukrai\u0144sko-radzieckiej. Jej celem by\u0142o przy\u0142\u0105czenie Ukrainy do RFSRR, co mia\u0142o dla bolszewik\u00F3w istotne znaczenie gospodarcze, demograficzne i strategiczne, a w dalszej perspektywie opanowanie wybrze\u017Ca Morza Czarnego, by uniemo\u017Cliwi\u0107 aktywne wsparcie bia\u0142ej Armii Ochotniczej przez Entent\u0119 przez porty czarnomorskie. Bolszewicy zamierzali wreszcie rozci\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 kontrolowany przez siebie obszar maksymalnie w kierunku zachodnim, by m\u00F3c wesprze\u0107 ruchy rewolucyjne w Europie."@pl . . . . "2015"^^ . . "1116398121"^^ . . "1919\u5E74\u82CF\u4FC4\u5165\u4FB5\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u662F\u82CF\u7EF4\u57C3-\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u6218\u4E89\u671F\u95F4\uFF0C\u4E00\u573A\u82CF\u4FC4\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u65B9\u9762\u519B\u5BF9\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u4EBA\u6C11\u5171\u548C\u56FD\u519B\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u653B\u52BF\u3002\u82CF\u4FC4\u6700\u7EC8\u5360\u9886\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u5927\u90E8\u4EFD\u571F\u5730\u3002"@zh . . "Nationalists" . . . "101"^^ . . . . . "1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine"@en . "*139 machine guns" . "Invasion sovi\u00E9tique de l'Ukraine"@fr . . "the Soviet\u2013Ukrainian War"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The Soviet invasion of Ukraine was a major offensive by the Ukrainian Front of the Red Army against the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) during the Soviet\u2013Ukrainian War. The invasion was first planned in November 1918, after the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic annulled the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, and was launched in the first days of January 1919, with the occupation of Kharkiv. Its aim was to join Ukraine to the RSFSR, as the country was of significant economic, demographic and strategic importance for the Bolsheviks. In the longer term, the capture of the Black Sea coast was to prevent an intervention by the Allies in support of the Volunteer Army. Finally, the Bolsheviks intended to extend the area they control as far as possible to the west, in order to be able to support the other revolutionary movements in Europe. In the first days of January 1919, by joining forces with local workers' units, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Soviet Division took Kharkiv, which was announced as the seat of the Provisional Workers' and Peasants' Government of Ukraine. Then they quickly captured most of northern and eastern Ukraine, and on 5 February 1919, they occupied Kyiv. The Directorate of Ukraine moved to Vinnytsia, then to Kamianets-Podilskyi. By spring, the Red Army had reached the Zbruch and repelled a counteroffensive by the Ukrainian People's Army (UPA) that threatened Kyiv. The introduction of the policy of war communism and the requisitioning of food for the needs of the cities quickly alienated a significant part of the Ukrainian peasantry from Bolshevik rule. The outbreak of a number of local uprisings, and in May 1919, the rebellion of the 20,000-strong forces of Nykyfor Hryhoriv, prevented the Red Army from finally destroying the UPA and marching west towards Bessarabia and Hungary. At the end of June, the Red Army suffered a series of defeats in clashes with the Volunteer Army in Donbas, losing Katerynoslav and Poltava by the end of June 1919, as well as those territories captured in the course of operations against Mykolaiv and Odesa. In August, the Red Army also succumbed to the offensive of the combined forces of the Ukrainian People's Army and the Ukrainian Galician Army. On 31 August, Kyiv was captured, first by the Ukrainian People's Army, and then, after their withdrawal from the city, by the Volunteer Army."@en . . . "Andrei Bubnov"@en . "Yuriy Kotsiubynsky"@en . . "Vasily Glagolev"@en . "Mykola Shchors"@en . "Ukrainian Galician Army\n----\n Armed Forces of South Russia\n*Volunteer Army\n*Don Army"@en . . . "Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko"@en . "Pavel Dybenko"@en . . . . . "The Soviet invasion of Ukraine was a major offensive by the Ukrainian Front of the Red Army against the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) during the Soviet\u2013Ukrainian War. The invasion was first planned in November 1918, after the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic annulled the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, and was launched in the first days of January 1919, with the occupation of Kharkiv. Its aim was to join Ukraine to the RSFSR, as the country was of significant economic, demographic and strategic importance for the Bolsheviks. In the longer term, the capture of the Black Sea coast was to prevent an intervention by the Allies in support of the Volunteer Army. Finally, the Bolsheviks intended to extend the area they control as far as possible to t"@en . "57639610"^^ . . . "29655"^^ . . . "*14,000 infantry" . "Symon Petliura"@en . . . . . . "Petro Bolbochan"@en . . . "274"^^ . . . "*Greece" . "Yevhen Konovalets"@en . . "50000"^^ . . . . "Pyotr Krasnov"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Oleksandr Udovychenko"@en . . . . . "Allies" . . . "Partisans" . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430 (7 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F \u2014 16 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1919 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430) \u2014 \u043A\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0443\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u043D\u044B\u0445 (\u0410\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430) \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A \u0432\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0435."@ru . "Nestor Makhno"@en . "1919\u5E74\u82CF\u4FC4\u5165\u4FB5\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u662F\u82CF\u7EF4\u57C3-\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u6218\u4E89\u671F\u95F4\uFF0C\u4E00\u573A\u82CF\u4FC4\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u65B9\u9762\u519B\u5BF9\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u4EBA\u6C11\u5171\u548C\u56FD\u519B\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u653B\u52BF\u3002\u82CF\u4FC4\u6700\u7EC8\u5360\u9886\u4E4C\u514B\u5170\u5927\u90E8\u4EFD\u571F\u5730\u3002"@zh . . "Interwencja radziecka na Ukrainie w 1919 r., ofensywa Frontu Ukrai\u0144skiego \u2013 agresja Rosji Radzieckiej przeciwko Ukrai\u0144skiej Republice Ludowej, zaplanowana w listopadzie 1918, po uznaniu przez Rad\u0119 Komisarzy Ludowych RFSRR traktatu brzeskiego za nieistniej\u0105cy, a rozpocz\u0119ta w pierwszych dniach stycznia 1919 r. . Jedna z faz wojny ukrai\u0144sko-radzieckiej. Jej celem by\u0142o przy\u0142\u0105czenie Ukrainy do RFSRR, co mia\u0142o dla bolszewik\u00F3w istotne znaczenie gospodarcze, demograficzne i strategiczne, a w dalszej perspektywie opanowanie wybrze\u017Ca Morza Czarnego, by uniemo\u017Cliwi\u0107 aktywne wsparcie bia\u0142ej Armii Ochotniczej przez Entent\u0119 przez porty czarnomorskie. Bolszewicy zamierzali wreszcie rozci\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 kontrolowany przez siebie obszar maksymalnie w kierunku zachodnim, by m\u00F3c wesprze\u0107 ruchy rewolucyjne w Europie. W pierwszych dniach stycznia 1919 r., \u0142\u0105cz\u0105c si\u0142y z lokalnymi oddzia\u0142ami robotniczymi, wojska 1 Ukrai\u0144skiej Dywizji Radzieckiej zaj\u0119\u0142y Chark\u00F3w, kt\u00F3ry og\u0142oszono siedzib\u0105 Tymczasowego Rz\u0105du Robotniczo-Ch\u0142opskiego Ukrainy (przekszta\u0142conego w ko\u0144cu miesi\u0105ca w Rad\u0119 Komisarzy Ludowych USRR). Nast\u0119pnie opanowa\u0142y w szybkim tempie wi\u0119ksz\u0105 cz\u0119\u015B\u0107 Ukrainy p\u00F3\u0142nocnej i wschodniej, by 5 lutego 1919 r. bez walki wkroczy\u0107 do Kijowa. Rz\u0105d Ukrai\u0144skiej Republiki Ludowej (Dyrektoriat) przeni\u00F3s\u0142 si\u0119 do Winnicy, nast\u0119pnie do Kamie\u0144ca Podolskiego. Wiosn\u0105 Armia Czerwona osi\u0105gn\u0119\u0142a lini\u0119 Zbrucza, w marcu odpieraj\u0105c kontrofensyw\u0119 armii URL zagra\u017Caj\u0105c\u0105 Kijowowi. Wprowadzenie przez Rad\u0119 Komisarzy Ludowych USRR polityki komunizmu wojennego i rekwizycje \u017Cywno\u015Bci na potrzeby miast szybko zrazi\u0142o znacz\u0105c\u0105 cz\u0119\u015B\u0107 ukrai\u0144skiego ch\u0142opstwa do rz\u0105d\u00F3w bolszewik\u00F3w. Wybuch szeregu lokalnych powsta\u0144, a w maju 1919 r. bunt 20-tysi\u0119cznych si\u0142 atamana Hryhorjewa, uznaj\u0105cego od stycznia 1919 zwierzchno\u015B\u0107 bolszewickiego dow\u00F3dztwa, uniemo\u017Cliwi\u0142y Armii Czerwonej ostateczne rozbicie si\u0142 URL i marsz na zach\u00F3d, ku Besarabii i W\u0119grom, gdzie 21 marca 1919 zosta\u0142a proklamowana W\u0119gierska Republika Rad. W ko\u0144cu czerwca Armia Czerwona ponios\u0142a seri\u0119 kl\u0119sk w starciach z Armi\u0105 Ochotnicz\u0105 Denikina w Donbasie, na Lewobrze\u017Cu oraz nad Morzem Czarnym, trac\u0105c w ko\u0144cu czerwca 1919 r. Jekaterynos\u0142aw i Po\u0142taw\u0119, a tak\u017Ce zdobyte w toku operacji przeciwko interwentom Miko\u0142aj\u00F3w i Odess\u0119. W sierpniu Armia Czerwona uleg\u0142a r\u00F3wnie\u017C ofensywie po\u0142\u0105czonych si\u0142 armii URL i Ukrai\u0144skiej Armii Halickiej (wypartej za Zbrucz przez Wojsko Polskie z Galicji Wschodniej po kl\u0119sce w wojnie polsko-ukrai\u0144skiej i po\u0142\u0105czonej z armi\u0105 URL). 31 sierpnia Kij\u00F3w zosta\u0142 zaj\u0119ty najpierw przez wojska ukrai\u0144skie, a nast\u0119pnie, po ich wycofaniu z miasta, przez Armi\u0119 Ochotnicz\u0105."@pl . "\u0420\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0443 1919 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u2014 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F \u0440\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u0410\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0423\u041D\u0420 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E-\u0443\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438."@uk . . . "*HryhorivshchynaandMakhnovshchynarebel against Soviet command" . . . "*Poland" . . "----" . . . . . . . "*20 artillery guns" . . . "\u0420\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0443 (1919)"@uk . . . "*South Russia" . . . . . . . . . "*Independent Medvyn Republic" . . . . . . . . "\u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430"@ru . "1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine"@en . . . . "L'invasion sovi\u00E9tique de l'Ukraine (7 janvier - 16 juin 1919) est une offensive majeure des troupes sovi\u00E9tiques du (en) contre l'arm\u00E9e de la R\u00E9publique populaire ukrainienne (UNR) pendant la guerre sovi\u00E9to-ukrainienne, dans le contexte de la guerre civile russe."@fr . "Bolsheviks \n* Russian SFSR\n* Ukrainian SSR\n* Crimean SSR\n----\nPartisans\n*Green Army\n*Hryhorivshchyna\n*Makhnovshchyna"@en . . . . "Serczyk"@en . . . . . . . "*Kholodny Yar Republic" . . . "*Ukrainian SSR" . "*Crimea" . "*Ukrainian People's Armyrecaptureswestern Ukrainein a counter-offensive" . . "Leon Trotsky inspects units of the Red Army in Kharkiv, which was occupied by the Russian Bolsheviks, June 1919."@en . . . "Yuriy Tyutyunnyk"@en . . . . . "Danylo Terpylo"@en . . . "20,000" . . "Ukrainian Front\n*1st Ukrainian Soviet Army\n*2nd Ukrainian Soviet Army\n*3rd Ukrainian Soviet Army\n*Crimean Soviet Army"@en . . . "*Russian SFSR" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1919\u5E74\u82CF\u4FC4\u5165\u4FB5\u4E4C\u514B\u5170"@zh . . . "*1,400 cavalry" . . . "--01-02"^^ . . . . . "Soviet defeat\n*Hryhorivshchyna and Makhnovshchyna rebel against Soviet command\n*Ukrainian People's Army recaptures western Ukraine in a counter-offensive\n*White movement win the battle for the Donbas, successfully capture Kyiv and advance on Moscow\n*Ukrainian Front disbanded and integrated into the Western and Southern Fronts"@en . . . . . "White movement" . . . . . . . . . "*Green Army" . "*France" . . . "*Hryhorivshchyna" . "Nationalists\n* Ukrainian People's Republic\n* West Ukrainian People's Republic\n* Independent Medvyn Republic\n* Kholodny Yar Republic\n----\nWhite movement\n* South Russia\n* Crimea\n----\nAllies\n* France\n* Greece\n* Poland"@en . . . . "Bolsheviks" . . "Mykhailo Omelianovych-Pavlenko\n----\n Anton Denikin"@en . . . . . . "*Makhnovshchyna" . . . . . . "Efim Shchadenko"@en . . . . . . . . "1919-08-31"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "*Ukrainian People's Republic" . . "20000"^^ . "*West Ukrainian People's Republic" . . . . . . . . . "L'invasion sovi\u00E9tique de l'Ukraine (7 janvier - 16 juin 1919) est une offensive majeure des troupes sovi\u00E9tiques du (en) contre l'arm\u00E9e de la R\u00E9publique populaire ukrainienne (UNR) pendant la guerre sovi\u00E9to-ukrainienne, dans le contexte de la guerre civile russe."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "Ukrainian People's Army"@en . .