. . . . . . . "1964"^^ . . . . . . . . . "\u0623. \u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064A\u063A\u064A\u0646\u0628\u0648\u062B\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062C\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: A. Leon Higginbotham, Jr.)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064A \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062A\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062D\u0627\u0645\u064A \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 25 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064A\u0631 1928 \u0641\u064A \u200F \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 14 \u062F\u064A\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1998 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Aloysius Leon Higginbotham Jr. (February 25, 1928 \u2013 December 14, 1998) was an American civil rights advocate, historian, presidential adviser, and federal court judge. From 1990 to 1991, he served as Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. Originally nominated to the bench by President Kennedy in 1963, Higginbotham was the seventh African-American Article III judge appointed in the United States, and the first African-American United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. He was elevated to the Third Circuit in 1977, serving as a federal judge for nearly 30 years in all. In 1995, President Bill Clinton awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Higginbotham used the name \"Leon\" informally."@en . . . . . . "1979"^^ . . . "1977"^^ . ""@en . . . . . . "3745163"^^ . . "Presiding Judge on the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Senior Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit"@en . . . . . . . . . . "\"The Open Mind \u2013 A Different View of Our High Court, Part I \""@en . "Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania"@en . . . . "Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania"@en . . "43285"^^ . . . . . . "\u0623. \u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064A\u063A\u064A\u0646\u0628\u0648\u062B\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062C\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: A. Leon Higginbotham, Jr.)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064A \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062A\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062D\u0627\u0645\u064A \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 25 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064A\u0631 1928 \u0641\u064A \u200F \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 14 \u062F\u064A\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1998 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629."@ar . . . . . "openmind_ep338"@en . . . . . . . "1964-03-17"^^ . . . . . . . . "Higginbotham with Bill Clinton at a Presidential Medal of Freedom ceremony, 1995."@en . . . . . . . "Yale Law School"@en . . . . . . . "Aloyisus Leon Higginbotham Jr. (25 de febrero de 1928 - 14 de diciembre de 1998) fue un promotor de derechos civiles, autor, y juez federal afroestadounidense. Higginbotham fue el primer juez federal afroestadounidense de la Corte Distrital de los Estados Unidoes para el Distrito Oriental de Pensilvania.\u200B M\u00E1s tarde fue nombrado al Tercer Circuito de Cortes de Apelaciones de Estados Unidos, donde fue el juez principal en 1990 y 1991.\u200B"@es . "1990-01-15"^^ . . . "1977-10-11"^^ . . . . . . . "Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit"@en . "1998-12-14"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "Aloyisus Leon Higginbotham Jr. (25 de febrero de 1928 - 14 de diciembre de 1998) fue un promotor de derechos civiles, autor, y juez federal afroestadounidense. Higginbotham fue el primer juez federal afroestadounidense de la Corte Distrital de los Estados Unidoes para el Distrito Oriental de Pensilvania.\u200B M\u00E1s tarde fue nombrado al Tercer Circuito de Cortes de Apelaciones de Estados Unidos, donde fue el juez principal en 1990 y 1991.\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . . . . "Aloysius Leon Higginbotham Jr. (February 25, 1928 \u2013 December 14, 1998) was an American civil rights advocate, historian, presidential adviser, and federal court judge. From 1990 to 1991, he served as Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. Originally nominated to the bench by President Kennedy in 1963, Higginbotham was the seventh African-American Article III judge appointed in the United States, and the first African-American United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. He was elevated to the Third Circuit in 1977, serving as a federal judge for nearly 30 years in all. In 1995, President Bill Clinton awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Higginbotham used the name \"Leon\" informally."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "A. Leon Higginbotham Jr."@en . . "Aloyisus Leon Higginbotham Jr."@en . . . . . . . . . . "Aloyisus Leon Higginbotham Jr."@en . "Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit"@en . "1998-12-14"^^ . . "1986-05-18"^^ . . . . . . "A. Leon Higginbotham Jr."@en . "1928-02-25"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1991-01-31"^^ . "1977-11-07"^^ . "\u0623. \u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064A\u063A\u064A\u0646\u0628\u0648\u062B\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062C\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648\u0631"@ar . . . . . . . . "1991-01-31"^^ . . . . . . . . . "1928-02-25"^^ . . . . . . "Seat established"@en . . . . . . "Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit"@en . . . "1993-03-05"^^ . . "Presiding Judge of the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review"@en . . . . . . . . "A. Leon Higginbotham Jr."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1979-05-19"^^ . "openmind_ep337"@en . . . . . . "1990"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1121010463"^^ . . . . . "A. Leon Higginbotham Jr."@en . "Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit"@en . . "\"The Open Mind \u2013 A Different View of Our High Court, Part II \""@en . . . . . . . . . .