"\u0424\u043E\u0442\u043E\u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u044F \u0441 \u0443\u0433\u043B\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy) \u2014 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0443\u0447\u043E\u043A \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u0441\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u044D\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0441 \u0443\u0433\u043B\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u044D\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044B\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044B\u0445 \u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432. \u041F\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u0440\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0435 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0437\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443."@ru . . . "ARPES energy-analyzer angle map around normal emission angle.svg"@en . . . . "ARPES constant energy map near Fermi level given in analyzer angle - polar angle units.svg"@en . "La spectroscopie photo\u00E9lectronique r\u00E9solue en angle (ARPES), est une technique exp\u00E9rimentale directe permettant l'observation de la distribution des \u00E9lectrons (plus pr\u00E9cis\u00E9ment, la densit\u00E9 des excitations \u00E9lectroniques) dans l'espace r\u00E9ciproque des solides. Cette technique est une sp\u00E9cialisation de la spectroscopie de photo\u00E9mission ordinaire. L'\u00E9tude de la photo\u00E9mission des \u00E9lectrons contenus dans un \u00E9chantillon est habituellement r\u00E9alis\u00E9e en illuminant avec des rayons X doux. ARPES est une des m\u00E9thodes les plus directes pour \u00E9tudier la structure \u00E9lectronique des solides."@fr . . . . . . . "\u03B8, \u03C4 and \u03C6"@en . "\u89D2\u5EA6\u5206\u89E3\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u5206\u5149 (Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy\u3001ARPES)\u3068\u306F\u3001\u56FA\u4F53\u306E\u9006\u683C\u5B50\u4E2D\u306B\u3042\u308B\u96FB\u5B50\u306E\u5206\u5E03\uFF08\u3088\u308A\u6B63\u78BA\u306B\u306F\uFF11\u7C92\u5B50\u96FB\u5B50\u52B1\u8D77\u306E\u5BC6\u5EA6\uFF09\u3092\u76F4\u63A5\u7684\u306B\u89B3\u6E2C\u3059\u308B\u5B9F\u9A13\u65B9\u6CD5\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002ARPES\u306F\u901A\u5E38\u306E\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u5206\u5149\u3092\u6539\u826F\u3057\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3001\u901A\u5E38\u306F\u30B5\u30F3\u30D7\u30EB\u306B\u8EDFX\u7DDA\u3092\u7167\u5C04\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5F97\u3089\u308C\u308B\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u3092\u8ABF\u3079\u308B\u3002ARPES\u306F\u56FA\u4F53\u8868\u9762\u306E\u96FB\u5B50\u69CB\u9020\u3092\u6700\u3082\u76F4\u63A5\u7684\u306B\u8ABF\u3079\u308B\u65B9\u6CD5\u306E\uFF11\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 ARPES\u304B\u3089\u3001\u30B5\u30F3\u30D7\u30EB\uFF08\u901A\u5E38\u306F\u56FA\u4F53\uFF09\u306E\u4FA1\u96FB\u5B50\u306E\u65B9\u5411\u3001\u901F\u5EA6\u3001\u6563\u4E71\u904E\u7A0B\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306E\u60C5\u5831\u304C\u5F97\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u3064\u307E\u308A\u96FB\u5B50\u306E\u30A8\u30CD\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u3068\u904B\u52D5\u91CF\u306E\u4E21\u65B9\u306E\u60C5\u5831\u3092\u5F97\u3089\u308C\u3001\u30D0\u30F3\u30C9\u5206\u6563\u3068\u30D5\u30A7\u30EB\u30DF\u9762\u3092\u8A73\u7D30\u306B\u8ABF\u3079\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3002 X\u7DDA\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u7D2B\u5916\u5149\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305F\u5834\u5408\u306EARPES\u306F\u3001ARUPS (angle-resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy)\u3068\u3082\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Geometry of an ARPES experiment. In this position, \u03B8=0\u00B0 & \u03C4=0\u00B0, the analyzer is accepting electrons emitted vertically from the surface and \u03B1\u22648\u00B0 around."@en . . . . "Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is an experimental technique used in condensed matter physics to probe the allowed energies and momenta of the electrons in a material, usually a crystalline solid. It is based on the photoelectric effect, in which an incoming photon of sufficient energy ejects an electron from the surface of a material. By directly measuring the kinetic energy and emission angle distributions of the emitted photoelectrons, the technique can map the electronic band structure and Fermi surfaces. ARPES is best suited for the study of one- or two-dimensional materials. It has been used by physicists to investigate high-temperature superconductors, graphene, topological materials, quantum well states, and materials exhibiting charge density waves."@en . . "ARPES - sample and analyzer reference frames - polar angle change.svg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Left: Analyzer angle - Energy map I0 around vertical emission. Right: Analyzer angle - Energy maps I\u03B8 at several polar angles away from vertical emission."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is an experimental technique used in condensed matter physics to probe the allowed energies and momenta of the electrons in a material, usually a crystalline solid. It is based on the photoelectric effect, in which an incoming photon of sufficient energy ejects an electron from the surface of a material. By directly measuring the kinetic energy and emission angle distributions of the emitted photoelectrons, the technique can map the electronic band structure and Fermi surfaces. ARPES is best suited for the study of one- or two-dimensional materials. It has been used by physicists to investigate high-temperature superconductors, graphene, topological materials, quantum well states, and materials exhibiting charge density waves. ARPES systems consist of a monochromatic light source to deliver a narrow beam of photons, a sample holder connected to a manipulator used to position the sample of a material, and an electron spectrometer. The equipment is contained within an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment, which protects the sample and prevents scattering of the emitted electrons. After being dispersed along two perpendicular directions with respect to kinetic energy and emission angle, the electrons are directed to a detector and counted to provide ARPES spectra\u2014slices of the band structure along one momentum direction. Some ARPES instruments can extract a portion of the electrons alongside the detector to measure the polarization of their spin."@en . . "\u03B8"@en . . . "\u0424\u043E\u0442\u043E\u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u044F \u0441 \u0443\u0433\u043B\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C"@ru . "Left: Constant energy map near EF in analyzer angle - polar angle units . Right: Constant energy map near EF in crystal momentum units ."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "center"@en . "\u0424\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0301\u043D\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0456\u0301\u044F \u0437 \u043A\u0443\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0301\u043C \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u0301\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C (\u0424\u0415\u0421\u041A\u0420), \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u044F\u043A ARPES (angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy), \u0454 \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0456\u043B\u0443 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432 (\u0430\u0431\u043E, \u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448 \u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E, \u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0438 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u044C \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432) \u0432 \u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . "300"^^ . . "\u0424\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0456\u044F \u0437 \u043A\u0443\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043C \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C"@uk . . . . . . . . "\u89D2\u5206\u8FA8\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u80FD\u8B5C\u5B78 \uFF08Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy\uFF0CARPES\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u7A2E\u76F4\u63A5\u89C0\u6E2C\u67D0\u56FA\u9AD4\u88E1\u96FB\u5B50\u7D50\u69CB\u7684\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF0C\u901A\u5E38\u662F\u5229\u7528\u6975\u9AD8\u7684\u80FD\u91CF\u7684\u5149\u5B50\uFF0C\u7167\u5C04\u67D0\u56FA\u9AD4\uFF0C\u4E26\u4E14\u89C0\u5BDF\u96FB\u5B50\u7684\u6563\u5C04\uFF0C\u5C31\u53EF\u4EE5\u77E5\u9053\u67D0\u56FA\u9AD4\u88E1\u7684\u96FB\u5B50\u7D50\u69CB\uFF0C\u9019\u7A2E\u6280\u8853\u5C0D\u56FA\u614B\u7269\u7406\u6709\u5F88\u5927\u7684\u5E6B\u52A9\u3002\u7531\u65BC\u9019\u7A2E\u6280\u8853\u53EF\u4EE5\u986F\u793A\u5176\u6E96\u78BA\u5EA6\u6975\u9AD8\uFF0C\u66FE\u7D93\u88AB\u55BB\u70BA\uFF1A\u4E00\u500B\u53EF\u4EE5\u770B\u898B\u96FB\u5B50\u7D50\u69CB\u7684\u986F\u5FAE\u93E1\u3002(a microscope for where and how the electrons move)\u800C\u5230\u4E86\u4ECA\u5929\uFF0C\u89D2\u5206\u8FA8\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u80FD\u8B5C\u5B78\u4ECD\u662F\u89C0\u5BDF\u96FB\u5B50\u7D50\u69CB\u7684\u6700\u4F73\u5229\u5668\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "\u89D2\u5206\u8FA8\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u80FD\u8B5C\u5B78 \uFF08Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy\uFF0CARPES\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u7A2E\u76F4\u63A5\u89C0\u6E2C\u67D0\u56FA\u9AD4\u88E1\u96FB\u5B50\u7D50\u69CB\u7684\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF0C\u901A\u5E38\u662F\u5229\u7528\u6975\u9AD8\u7684\u80FD\u91CF\u7684\u5149\u5B50\uFF0C\u7167\u5C04\u67D0\u56FA\u9AD4\uFF0C\u4E26\u4E14\u89C0\u5BDF\u96FB\u5B50\u7684\u6563\u5C04\uFF0C\u5C31\u53EF\u4EE5\u77E5\u9053\u67D0\u56FA\u9AD4\u88E1\u7684\u96FB\u5B50\u7D50\u69CB\uFF0C\u9019\u7A2E\u6280\u8853\u5C0D\u56FA\u614B\u7269\u7406\u6709\u5F88\u5927\u7684\u5E6B\u52A9\u3002\u7531\u65BC\u9019\u7A2E\u6280\u8853\u53EF\u4EE5\u986F\u793A\u5176\u6E96\u78BA\u5EA6\u6975\u9AD8\uFF0C\u66FE\u7D93\u88AB\u55BB\u70BA\uFF1A\u4E00\u500B\u53EF\u4EE5\u770B\u898B\u96FB\u5B50\u7D50\u69CB\u7684\u986F\u5FAE\u93E1\u3002(a microscope for where and how the electrons move)\u800C\u5230\u4E86\u4ECA\u5929\uFF0C\u89D2\u5206\u8FA8\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u80FD\u8B5C\u5B78\u4ECD\u662F\u89C0\u5BDF\u96FB\u5B50\u7D50\u69CB\u7684\u6700\u4F73\u5229\u5668\u3002"@zh . . . "1112684684"^^ . . . "\u03B8 and \u03C4"@en . . . . . . . . "ARPES - sample and analyzer reference frames - normal emission.svg"@en . . . . "ARPES constant energy map near Fermi level given in momentum units.svg"@en . "Spectroscopie photo\u00E9lectronique r\u00E9solue en angle"@fr . "46437"^^ . . . "7078310"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "ARPES - sample and analyzer reference frames - polar and tilt and azimuth change.svg"@en . . . . "Rotations of the reference frame of the sample. the analyzer measures a range of angles \u03B1 in its own reference frame."@en . . "\u03B8, \u03C4, and \u03C6"@en . . . . "\u03B8 and \u03C4"@en . . "360"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0424\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0301\u043D\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0456\u0301\u044F \u0437 \u043A\u0443\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0301\u043C \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u0301\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C (\u0424\u0415\u0421\u041A\u0420), \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u044F\u043A ARPES (angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy), \u0454 \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u043E\u0434\u0456\u043B\u0443 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432 (\u0430\u0431\u043E, \u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448 \u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E, \u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0438 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u044C \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432) \u0432 \u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456. \u041C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0430 \u044F\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0456 \u0444\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0443 \u2014 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u044F \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u0456\u043B\u0430 \u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043D\u044E\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043B\u043E\u043C \u0437 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043D\u044C\u043E\u044E \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0442\u043E\u044E \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0449\u043E\u0431 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u043D\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438. \u0412\u0438\u043C\u0456\u0440\u044E\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u044F \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C\u043A\u0443. \u0410\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0454 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0443 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0437\u043E\u043D\u0456 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0443, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u0432\u0430\u0437\u0456-\u0456\u043C\u043F\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0441\u0443 \u2014 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044E \u0432\u0430\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u043E\u043D\u0438."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . "ARPES - sample and analyzer reference frames - polar and tilt change.svg"@en . "\u89D2\u5EA6\u5206\u89E3\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u5206\u5149"@ja . . . "\u03B8, \u03C4, and \u03C6"@en . "Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy"@en . "La spectroscopie photo\u00E9lectronique r\u00E9solue en angle (ARPES), est une technique exp\u00E9rimentale directe permettant l'observation de la distribution des \u00E9lectrons (plus pr\u00E9cis\u00E9ment, la densit\u00E9 des excitations \u00E9lectroniques) dans l'espace r\u00E9ciproque des solides. Cette technique est une sp\u00E9cialisation de la spectroscopie de photo\u00E9mission ordinaire. L'\u00E9tude de la photo\u00E9mission des \u00E9lectrons contenus dans un \u00E9chantillon est habituellement r\u00E9alis\u00E9e en illuminant avec des rayons X doux. ARPES est une des m\u00E9thodes les plus directes pour \u00E9tudier la structure \u00E9lectronique des solides. ARPES donne des informations sur la direction, la vitesse et la dispersion des \u00E9lectrons de valence dans le solide \u00E9tudi\u00E9. Cela signifie que l'on peut d\u00E9terminer l'\u00E9nergie et la quantit\u00E9 de mouvement d'un \u00E9lectron ce qui permet d'obtenir un diagramme de bandes d\u00E9taill\u00E9 et la surface de Fermi. La technique est \u00E9galement connue comme ARUPS (angle-resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy) lors de l'utilisation de la lumi\u00E8re ultraviolette (par opposition aux rayons X) pour g\u00E9n\u00E9rer de photo\u00E9mission."@fr . "right"@en . . . . "\u0424\u043E\u0442\u043E\u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u044F \u0441 \u0443\u0433\u043B\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy) \u2014 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0443\u0447\u043E\u043A \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u0441\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u044D\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0441 \u0443\u0433\u043B\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u044D\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044B\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044B\u0445 \u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432. \u041F\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u0440\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0435 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0437\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443."@ru . . "\u89D2\u5EA6\u5206\u89E3\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u5206\u5149 (Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy\u3001ARPES)\u3068\u306F\u3001\u56FA\u4F53\u306E\u9006\u683C\u5B50\u4E2D\u306B\u3042\u308B\u96FB\u5B50\u306E\u5206\u5E03\uFF08\u3088\u308A\u6B63\u78BA\u306B\u306F\uFF11\u7C92\u5B50\u96FB\u5B50\u52B1\u8D77\u306E\u5BC6\u5EA6\uFF09\u3092\u76F4\u63A5\u7684\u306B\u89B3\u6E2C\u3059\u308B\u5B9F\u9A13\u65B9\u6CD5\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002ARPES\u306F\u901A\u5E38\u306E\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u5206\u5149\u3092\u6539\u826F\u3057\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3001\u901A\u5E38\u306F\u30B5\u30F3\u30D7\u30EB\u306B\u8EDFX\u7DDA\u3092\u7167\u5C04\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5F97\u3089\u308C\u308B\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u3092\u8ABF\u3079\u308B\u3002ARPES\u306F\u56FA\u4F53\u8868\u9762\u306E\u96FB\u5B50\u69CB\u9020\u3092\u6700\u3082\u76F4\u63A5\u7684\u306B\u8ABF\u3079\u308B\u65B9\u6CD5\u306E\uFF11\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 ARPES\u304B\u3089\u3001\u30B5\u30F3\u30D7\u30EB\uFF08\u901A\u5E38\u306F\u56FA\u4F53\uFF09\u306E\u4FA1\u96FB\u5B50\u306E\u65B9\u5411\u3001\u901F\u5EA6\u3001\u6563\u4E71\u904E\u7A0B\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306E\u60C5\u5831\u304C\u5F97\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u3064\u307E\u308A\u96FB\u5B50\u306E\u30A8\u30CD\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u3068\u904B\u52D5\u91CF\u306E\u4E21\u65B9\u306E\u60C5\u5831\u3092\u5F97\u3089\u308C\u3001\u30D0\u30F3\u30C9\u5206\u6563\u3068\u30D5\u30A7\u30EB\u30DF\u9762\u3092\u8A73\u7D30\u306B\u8ABF\u3079\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3002 X\u7DDA\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u7D2B\u5916\u5149\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305F\u5834\u5408\u306EARPES\u306F\u3001ARUPS (angle-resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy)\u3068\u3082\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . "ARPES energy - analyzer angle maps at several polar angles away from normal emission.svg"@en . . "\u89D2\u5206\u8FA8\u5149\u96FB\u5B50\u80FD\u8B5C\u5B78"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . .