"Bataille de Modder River"@fr . . . . . . . . "1899-11-28"^^ . . . . "75"^^ . "72"^^ . "E"@en . "S"@en . "Bitva na \u0159ece Modder byla vojensk\u00E9 st\u0159etnut\u00ED v druh\u00E9 b\u00FArsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lce, kter\u00E1 skon\u010Dila v\u00E1\u017En\u00FDm ne\u00FAsp\u011Bchem gener\u00E1la Methuena p\u0159i jeho ta\u017Een\u00ED na osvobozen\u00ED Kimberley. Methuenovy s\u00EDly p\u0159i n\u00ED nic netu\u0161\u00EDc nakr\u00E1\u010Dely do pasti, kterou jim p\u0159ipravil b\u00FArsk\u00FD gener\u00E1l Koos de la Rey a utrp\u011Bly t\u011B\u017Ek\u00E9 ztr\u00E1ty. Bitva ve v\u00FDsledku znamenala nejen ztr\u00E1tu kvalitn\u011B vycvi\u010Den\u00FDch mu\u017E\u016F, ale podstatn\u011B zdr\u017Eela Methuen\u016Fv pochod a umo\u017Enila B\u00FAr\u016Fm p\u0159ipravit se na rozhoduj\u00EDc\u00ED st\u0159etnut\u00ED, v n\u011Bm\u017E Methuena drtiv\u011B porazili (bitva u Magersfontein)."@cs . "7 missing" . "4"^^ . "24.62638854980469"^^ . . "372"^^ . . "2"^^ . . . . "De Slag bij de Twee Rivieren (bij de Engelsen bekend als de Battle of Modder River) vond plaats op 28 november 1899 tijdens de Tweede Boerenoorlog bij de samenvloeiing van de Modderrivier en de Rietrivier (nu nabij de rijksweg N12); iets ten zuiden van Kimberley"@nl . "20"^^ . "72 killed" . . . . . . . . . . . . "4 guns" . . . "12082"^^ . . "8000"^^ . . . "2"^^ . . . . "British victory"@en . "1899-11-28"^^ . . . . "-29.039166666666667 24.62638888888889" . . "Battle of Modder River"@en . . "21"^^ . "Piet Cronj\u00E9"@en . "8,000" . "La bataille de Modder River (en afrikaans Slag van die Twee Riviere, litt\u00E9ralement bataille des Deux Rivi\u00E8res) fut un affrontement de la Seconde guerre des Boers, qui s'est tenu sur la Modder River, le 28 novembre 1899. Une colonne britannique dirig\u00E9e par Lord Methuen et qui tentait de lib\u00E9rer Kimberley for\u00E7a les troupes boers du G\u00E9n\u00E9ral Piet Cronj\u00E9 \u00E0 la retraite, mais il souffrit de lourdes pertes."@fr . "29"^^ . . "La bataille de Modder River (en afrikaans Slag van die Twee Riviere, litt\u00E9ralement bataille des Deux Rivi\u00E8res) fut un affrontement de la Seconde guerre des Boers, qui s'est tenu sur la Modder River, le 28 novembre 1899. Une colonne britannique dirig\u00E9e par Lord Methuen et qui tentait de lib\u00E9rer Kimberley for\u00E7a les troupes boers du G\u00E9n\u00E9ral Piet Cronj\u00E9 \u00E0 la retraite, mais il souffrit de lourdes pertes."@fr . . . . "Die Schlacht von Modder River (auf Afrikaans auch Slag van die Twee Riviere; deutsch: \u201ESchlacht an den zwei Fl\u00FCssen\u201C) war eine Schlacht im Zweiten Burenkrieg. Britische Truppen unter Lord Methuen schlugen dort am 28. November 1899 unter hohen Verlusten einen Vorsto\u00DF der Buren zur\u00FCck. Eine ausf\u00FChrliche Beschreibung der Schlacht befindet sich in The Times vom 2. Januar 1900."@de . . "Battle of Modder River"@en . . "Lord Methuen"@en . . . . "1118050093"^^ . "\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043A\u0435 \u041C\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u2014 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432 \u0432 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u043E\u0448\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043A\u0438 \u041C\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440 28 \u043D\u043E\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1899 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041A\u0430\u043F\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438."@ru . "Schlacht von Modder River"@de . . . . "-29.0391674041748"^^ . . "20 guns" . . . . "35"^^ . . . . "Bitva na \u0159ece Modder"@cs . . . . "The Battle of Modder River (Afrikaans: Slag van die Twee Riviere, lit.\u2009'Battle of the two rivers') was an engagement in the Boer War, fought at Modder River, on 28 November 1899. A British column under Lord Methuen, that was attempting to relieve the besieged town of Kimberley, forced Boers under General Piet Cronj\u00E9 to retreat to Magersfontein, but suffered heavy casualties altogether."@en . . . . . . "De Slag bij de Twee Rivieren (bij de Engelsen bekend als de Battle of Modder River) vond plaats op 28 november 1899 tijdens de Tweede Boerenoorlog bij de samenvloeiing van de Modderrivier en de Rietrivier (nu nabij de rijksweg N12); iets ten zuiden van Kimberley"@nl . "24"^^ . "Modder River"@en . . "Die Schlacht von Modder River (auf Afrikaans auch Slag van die Twee Riviere; deutsch: \u201ESchlacht an den zwei Fl\u00FCssen\u201C) war eine Schlacht im Zweiten Burenkrieg. Britische Truppen unter Lord Methuen schlugen dort am 28. November 1899 unter hohen Verlusten einen Vorsto\u00DF der Buren zur\u00FCck. Eine ausf\u00FChrliche Beschreibung der Schlacht befindet sich in The Times vom 2. Januar 1900."@de . . "\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043A\u0435 \u041C\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u2014 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432 \u0432 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u043E\u0448\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043A\u0438 \u041C\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440 28 \u043D\u043E\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1899 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041A\u0430\u043F\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438."@ru . . . . . "white"@en . . . . . "2070671"^^ . "Battle of Modder River"@en . "37"^^ . . "2,200-3,500" . "British victory" . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Koos de la Rey"@en . . . . . . . . . "7"^^ . . "\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043A\u0435 \u041C\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440"@ru . . . . . "The Battle of Modder River (Afrikaans: Slag van die Twee Riviere, lit.\u2009'Battle of the two rivers') was an engagement in the Boer War, fought at Modder River, on 28 November 1899. A British column under Lord Methuen, that was attempting to relieve the besieged town of Kimberley, forced Boers under General Piet Cronj\u00E9 to retreat to Magersfontein, but suffered heavy casualties altogether."@en . . . "300"^^ . . "372 wounded" . "250"^^ . . "Battle of Modder River"@en . . . . "Slag bij de Twee Rivieren"@nl . "POINT(24.626388549805 -29.039167404175)"^^ . "2200"^^ . . "2 pom pom guns" . "Bitva na \u0159ece Modder byla vojensk\u00E9 st\u0159etnut\u00ED v druh\u00E9 b\u00FArsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lce, kter\u00E1 skon\u010Dila v\u00E1\u017En\u00FDm ne\u00FAsp\u011Bchem gener\u00E1la Methuena p\u0159i jeho ta\u017Een\u00ED na osvobozen\u00ED Kimberley. Methuenovy s\u00EDly p\u0159i n\u00ED nic netu\u0161\u00EDc nakr\u00E1\u010Dely do pasti, kterou jim p\u0159ipravil b\u00FArsk\u00FD gener\u00E1l Koos de la Rey a utrp\u011Bly t\u011B\u017Ek\u00E9 ztr\u00E1ty. Bitva ve v\u00FDsledku znamenala nejen ztr\u00E1tu kvalitn\u011B vycvi\u010Den\u00FDch mu\u017E\u016F, ale podstatn\u011B zdr\u017Eela Methuen\u016Fv pochod a umo\u017Enila B\u00FAr\u016Fm p\u0159ipravit se na rozhoduj\u00EDc\u00ED st\u0159etnut\u00ED, v n\u011Bm\u017E Methuena drtiv\u011B porazili (bitva u Magersfontein). \u0158eka Modder p\u0159edstavovala na trase jednotek gener\u00E1la Methuena postupuj\u00EDc\u00EDch podle trati nep\u0159\u00EDli\u0161 v\u00FDznamnou p\u0159ek\u00E1\u017Eku. Nebyla nijak hlubok\u00E1 ani \u0161irok\u00E1 a krajina kolem n\u00ED byla p\u0159\u00EDli\u0161 ploch\u00E1 a hol\u00E1, ne\u017E aby poskytla obr\u00E1nci siln\u00E9 pozice. Gener\u00E1l Methuen tud\u00ED\u017E dosp\u011Bl k n\u00E1zoru, \u017Ee p\u0159i jej\u00EDm p\u0159echodu nebudou B\u00FArov\u00E9 d\u011Blat \u017E\u00E1dn\u00E9 probl\u00E9my. Tento \u0161patn\u00FD odhad spojen\u00FD s u n\u011Bj tradi\u010Dn\u00ED neschopnost\u00ED prov\u00E9st alespo\u0148 orienta\u010Dn\u00ED pr\u016Fzkum, byl hlavn\u00ED p\u0159\u00ED\u010Dinou britsk\u00E9ho ne\u00FAsp\u011Bchu. Na b\u00FArsk\u00E9 stran\u011B byla p\u0159\u00EDprava na bitvu komplikov\u00E1na spory mezi nejv\u00FD\u0161e postaven\u00FDm velitelem Pietem Cronjem a Koosem de la Reyem. Cronje se stejn\u011B jako Methuen domn\u00EDval, \u017Ee okol\u00ED \u0159eky Modder nen\u00ED vhodn\u00E9 ke sveden\u00ED bitvy, nebo\u0165 se tam nen\u00ED kam schovat. Kdy\u017E Koos trval na sveden\u00ED alespo\u0148 men\u0161\u00ED zdr\u017Eovac\u00ED bitvy, Cronje trval na tom, \u017Ee B\u00FArov\u00E9 klasicky zaujmou pozice na druh\u00E9m b\u0159ehu \u0159eky ne\u017E jsou Britov\u00E9. Koos v\u0161ak nesouhlasil, proto\u017Ee cht\u011Bl Brity p\u0159ekvapit, a navrhl velmi neortodoxn\u00ED taktiku: B\u00FArov\u00E9 se skryj\u00ED na britsk\u00E9m b\u0159ehu \u0159eky a okraj \u0159\u00ED\u010Dn\u00EDho koryta pou\u017Eij\u00ED jako z\u00E1kop. Cronje nesouhlasil, nicm\u00E9n\u011B pot\u00E9, co se pro Koos\u016Fv pl\u00E1n vyslovila v\u011Bt\u0161ina velitel\u016F, p\u0159estal kl\u00E1st odpor, opustil boji\u0161t\u011B a p\u0159esunul se do t\u00FDlu. (Patrn\u011B aby zajistil \u00FAstupov\u00E9 trasy, a\u017E se ten pitom\u00FD pl\u00E1n sesype). Gener\u00E1l Methuen se sv\u00FDmi mu\u017Ei p\u0159it\u00E1hl k \u0159ece Modder a po zb\u011B\u017En\u00E9m prohl\u00E9dnut\u00EDm ter\u00E9nu dalekohledem dosp\u011Bl k n\u00E1zoru, \u017Ee vzduch je \u010Dist\u00FD. Vz\u00E1p\u011Bt\u00ED v\u0161ak do\u0161lo k n\u011B\u010Demu nepochopiteln\u00E9mu, nebo\u0165 Cronje dal z t\u00FDlu pokyn k p\u0159esunu dvou d\u011Bl na lep\u0161\u00ED postaven\u00ED. To bylo doslova \u0161\u00EDlen\u00E9 a mohlo to v\u00E9st k naprost\u00E9 katastrof\u011B, nebo\u0165 Britov\u00E9 p\u0159esunuj\u00EDc\u00ED se B\u00FAry spat\u0159ili a zah\u00E1jili na n\u011B palbu. B\u00FAr\u0161t\u00ED d\u011Blost\u0159elci tedy i s d\u011Bly uprchli zp\u011Bt. A\u010D je to absurdn\u00ED, Methuena ud\u00E1lost nijak nevzru\u0161ila. Ozna\u010Dil to za ojedin\u011Blou akci b\u00FArsk\u00E9ho pr\u016Fzkumu, \u010Di za opo\u017Ed\u011Bnou prchaj\u00EDc\u00ED jednotku, a rozhodl se urychlen\u011B t\u00E1hnout d\u00E1l, nebo\u0165 to vlastn\u011B pova\u017Eoval za d\u016Fkaz, \u017Ee je prchaj\u00EDc\u00EDm B\u00FAr\u016Fm v pat\u00E1ch. Britov\u00E9 se tedy v pochodov\u00E9 kolon\u011B bl\u00ED\u017Eili k \u0159\u00ED\u010Dn\u00EDmu korytu, kter\u00E9 bylo pln\u00E9 B\u00FAr\u016F. Kdy\u017E se k \u0159ece p\u0159ibl\u00ED\u017Eili a bylo vid\u011Bt, \u017Ee kolem je pusto pr\u00E1zdno, Methuen jen ucedil ke sv\u00E9mu pobo\u010Dn\u00EDkovi, \u017Ee je ji\u017E jasn\u00E9, \u017Ee tu na n\u011B nikdo ne\u010Dek\u00E1. Ten si za\u017Eertoval ve smyslu, \u017Ee pokud by tam n\u011Bkde B\u00FArov\u00E9 byli, museli by b\u00FDt \u201Epozoruhodn\u011B nama\u010Dk\u00E1ni\u201C. Nebyl to p\u0159\u00EDli\u0161 poda\u0159en\u00FD vtip a rozhodn\u011B byl \u0161patn\u011B na\u010Dasovan\u00FD, nebo\u0165 vz\u00E1p\u011Bt\u00ED pot\u00E9 B\u00FArov\u00E9 zah\u00E1jili palbu. Jej\u00ED v\u00FDsledek byl zni\u010Duj\u00EDc\u00ED. Britsk\u00E1 kolona se pod n\u00ED rozpadla. Jednotky, kter\u00E9 postupovaly zcela vep\u0159edu, se daly okam\u017Eit\u011B na \u00FAt\u011Bk a strhly s sebou i \u010D\u00E1st hlavn\u00EDho t\u011Blesa. Zbytek arm\u00E1dy slo\u017Een\u00FD z nejelitn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDch odd\u00EDl\u016F se pokusil zformovat, ale pod smrt\u00EDc\u00EDm krupobit\u00EDm kulek to bylo velice t\u011B\u017Ek\u00E9 a rozhodn\u011B mu v tom nepomohl Methuen, kter\u00FD n\u011Bjakou dobu jen sed\u011Bl na koni, v \u0161oku nev\u011B\u0159\u00EDcn\u011B z\u00EDral na d\u011Bsivou sc\u00E9nu p\u0159ed sebou a zjevn\u011B m\u011Bl v\u00E1\u017En\u00E9 probl\u00E9my pochopit, co se to vlastn\u011B d\u011Bje. Kdy\u017E mu to kone\u010Dn\u011B do\u0161lo, nechal sv\u00E9 jednotky ustoupit od \u0159eky, aby se mohly v klidu uspo\u0159\u00E1dat. K ve\u010Deru pak prudk\u00FDm \u00FAtokem prolomil b\u00FArsk\u00E9 lev\u00E9 a p\u0159ekro\u010Dil \u0159eku, jeho mu\u017Ei v\u0161ak narazili na b\u00FArsk\u00E9 z\u00E1lohy v \u010Dele s Cronjem, kter\u00E9 zastavily jejich postup a jeliko\u017E ji\u017E byla noc, Methuen rozhodl, \u017Ee pokra\u010Dovat se bude z\u00EDtra. B\u011Bhem noci pak do\u0161lo k dal\u0161\u00EDmu st\u0159etu mezi Koosem a Cronjem. Koos zast\u00E1val n\u00E1zor, \u017Ee b\u00FArsk\u00E9 pozice jsou dostate\u010Dn\u011B pevn\u00E9 a je mo\u017En\u00E9 je d\u00E1le dr\u017Eet. Cronje to odm\u00EDtal s t\u00EDm, \u017Ee p\u0159\u00EDtomnost Brit\u016F na druh\u00E9m b\u0159ehu p\u0159edstavuje enormn\u00ED riziko a \u017Ee by bylo \u0161\u00EDlenstv\u00EDm riskovat obkl\u00ED\u010Den\u00ED. Koos, jeho\u017E psychika byla z\u0159ejm\u011B pon\u011Bkud naru\u0161ena smrt\u00ED jeho syna Adaana, kter\u00FD v bitv\u011B padl, obvinil Cronjeho z nepln\u011Bn\u00ED povinnost\u00ED a zbab\u011Blosti, Cronje mu to vr\u00E1til, kdy\u017E ho ozna\u010Dil za \u0161\u00EDlence, kter\u00FD je chce zni\u010Dit. Pot\u00E9 vydal kategorick\u00FD rozkaz ustoupit a B\u00FArov\u00E9 tak pod rou\u0161kou tmy odt\u00E1hli sm\u011Brem k . V\u00FDsledek bitvy lze hodnotit r\u016Fzn\u011B, ale jen t\u011B\u017Eko ji lze vykl\u00E1dat jako britsk\u00FD \u00FAsp\u011Bch, by\u0165 se o to n\u011Bkte\u0159\u00ED vlastenecky zalo\u017Een\u00ED brit\u0161t\u00ED historici zejm\u00E9na v prvn\u00ED polovin\u011B 20. stolet\u00ED pokou\u0161eli (nap\u0159. Arthur Conan Doyle). A\u010Dkoliv se Britov\u00E9 probili na druh\u00FD b\u0159eh \u0159eky a posl\u00E9ze pokra\u010Dovali d\u00E1l, st\u0159etnut\u00ED sv\u00FDm pr\u016Fb\u011Bhem i v\u00FDsledn\u00FDmi ztr\u00E1tami rozhodn\u011B neodpov\u00EDdalo pom\u011Bru sil a situaci. Celkov\u011B je nutno hodnotit jako \u00FAsp\u011Bch B\u00FAr\u016F, kte\u0159\u00ED p\u0159inutili Methuena k dlouh\u00E9 zast\u00E1vce (po bitv\u011B na\u0159\u00EDdil n\u011Bkolika denn\u00ED odpo\u010Dinek a postupoval pak mnohem obez\u0159etn\u011Bji) a zp\u016Fsobili mu v\u00E1\u017En\u00E9 ztr\u00E1ty."@cs . . . . . . . .