. . . . . . . . . . . "\u9ED1\u4EBA\uFF0C\u5373\u9ED1\u8272\u4EBA\u79CD\uFF0C\u53C8\u79F0\u5C3C\u683C\u7F57\u4EBA\u79CD\uFF0C\u5C3C\u683C\u7F57\uFF0D\u6FB3\u5927\u5229\u4E9A\u4EBA\u79CD\u3001\u8D64\u9053\u4EBA\u79CD\u3001\u525B\u679C\u4EBA\u7A2E\uFF0C\u662F\u4EBA\u7C7B\u5206\u7C7B\u5B66\u8BF4\u88CF\u7684\u4E00\u79CD\u4EBA\u79CD\u3002 \u73FE\u4ECA\u9ED1\u4EBA\u5927\u591A\u805A\u5C45\u4E8E\u975E\u6D32\u548C\u7F8E\u6D32\uFF0C\u53E6\u5916\uFF0C\u5B89\u8FBE\u66FC\u7FA4\u5C9B\u3001\u5C3C\u79D1\u5DF4\u7FA4\u5C9B\u3001\u7F8E\u62C9\u5C3C\u897F\u4E9A\u8207\u6FB3\u5927\u5229\u4E9E\u539F\u4F4F\u6C11\u7684\u819A\u8272\u96D6\u7136\u4E5F\u662F\u9ED1\u8272\uFF0C\u4F46\u662F\u73FE\u4ECA\u6839\u64DA\u5176\u4ED6\u79D1\u5B78\u8B49\u64DA\u5C07\u4ED6\u5011\u6B78\u985E\u70BA\u68D5\u8272\u4EBA\u7A2E\uFF0C\u800C\u4E0D\u662F\u9ED1\u8272\u4EBA\u7A2E\u3002"@zh . . . . "Orang kulit hitam adalah sebuah istilah yang digunakan di negara-negara tertentu, sering kali secara sosial berdasarkan pada sistem klasifikasi rasial atau etnisitas, untuk menyebut orang yang berkulit hitam dibandingkan dengan penduduk lainnya. Karena itu, pengatiannya banyak ragamnya di dalam maupun antar masyarakat, dan tergantung pada konteks. Bagi beberapa individual, komunitas dan negara lainnya, \"orang kulit hitam\" juga dianggap sebagai ejekan, merendahkan atau label tak menyenangkan lainnya, dan akibatnya hal tersebut digunakan untuk mengartikan hal tersebut."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "El t\u00E9rmino negro (o, tambi\u00E9n, persona negra o de etnia subsahariana) es un t\u00E9rmino de diversos significados, cambiantes seg\u00FAn tiempo y lugar, en las clasificaciones \u00E9tnico-raciales de las personas.\u200B Aunque la denominaci\u00F3n de una persona como \u00ABnegra\u00BB var\u00EDa de cultura en cultura, a trav\u00E9s del proceso hist\u00F3rico de clasificaci\u00F3n racial derivado de la posici\u00F3n hegem\u00F3nica de la blanquitud,\u200B se hace referencia a las personas que habitan o cuya relaci\u00F3n se asigna con el \u00C1frica subsahariana, denominada tambi\u00E9n \u00AB\u00C1frica negra\u00BB. Esta identificaci\u00F3n puede variar seg\u00FAn el pa\u00EDs, a tal punto que una persona considerada como \"negra\" en determinada regi\u00F3n del mundo puede ser identificada, al migrar hacia otra regi\u00F3n, dentro de otra categor\u00EDa de clasificaci\u00F3n racial, poniendo en relieve la condici\u00F3n de esta "@es . . "\u039C\u03B1\u03CD\u03C1\u03B7 \u03C6\u03C5\u03BB\u03AE"@el . . . . "\uD751\uC778"@ko . . . . . . "Zwarten is een begrip dat in algemene zin een mensen met een donkere huidskleur aanduidt."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Die Bezeichnungen Schwarze, schwarze Menschen und Schwarze Menschen werden allgemein f\u00FCr Menschen mit einer dunklen Hautfarbe verwendet. Schwarz ist dabei jedoch nicht nur eine Bezeichnung der Hautfarbe, sondern auch eine sozial konstruierte Kategorie. So werden vielfach Menschen mit allen m\u00F6glichen Varianten der Hautpigmentierung von dunkelsten bis zu sehr hellen Hautfarben einbezogen, einschlie\u00DFlich Albinos. Die Bezeichnungen werden auch verwendet, um verschiedene Populationen aufgrund historischer und pr\u00E4historischer Herkunftsbeziehungen zusammenzufassen. Einige Verwendungen der Bezeichnungen umfassen nur Menschen mit relativ junger Abstammung aus Subsahara-Afrika (siehe afrikanische Diaspora). Andere Zuschreibungen beziehen weitere Populationen ein, f\u00FCr die eine dunkle Hautfarbe charakteristisch ist, darunter indigene Bewohner Ozeaniens und S\u00FCdostasiens wie etwa die Aborigines in Australien, die Papua, die Ureinwohner der Andamanen, die Semang auf der Malaiischen Halbinsel und die Aeta auf der philippinischen Insel Luzon."@de . . . . . "y"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u039F \u03CC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B1\u03CD\u03C1\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03C2 \u03CC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C7\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03BC\u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2, \u03C3\u03C5\u03C7\u03BD\u03AC \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C6\u03C5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03BC\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AE \u03B5\u03B8\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2, \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B3\u03C1\u03AC\u03C8\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03CC\u03C4\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03CC\u03C7\u03C1\u03C9\u03BC\u03BF\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03BF\u03C8\u03B7\u03C6\u03AF\u03B1. \u03A9\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BA \u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5, \u03B7 \u03AD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AD\u03BA\u03C6\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03AF\u03BB\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03AD\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD. \u0393\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BF \u03CC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03C3\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2."@el . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1121846864"^^ . . . . . . "Daoine gorma"@ga . . . . . . . . . . "Zwarten is een begrip dat in algemene zin een mensen met een donkere huidskleur aanduidt."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Noir (humain)"@fr . . . . . . "Orang kulit hitam"@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u9ED2\u4EBA\uFF08\u3053\u304F\u3058\u3093\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u901A\u4FD7\u7684\u4EBA\u7A2E\u6982\u5FF5\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u3067\u3001\u808C\u306E\u8272\u304C\u6FC3\u8272\u3067\u9ED2\u306B\u8FD1\u3044\u4EBA\u7A2E\u306E\u7DCF\u79F0\u3002\u9ED2\u8272\u4EBA\u7A2E\uFF08\u3053\u304F\u3057\u3087\u304F\u3058\u3093\u3057\u3085\uFF09\u3002\u65E5\u713C\u3051\u306A\u3069\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u3001\u907A\u4F1D\u3067\u808C\u306E\u8272\u304C\u9ED2\u306B\u8FD1\u3044\u3002 \u904E\u53BB\u306E\u5F62\u8CEA\u4EBA\u985E\u5B66\u3067\u3044\u3046\u30CD\u30B0\u30ED\u30A4\u30C9\u3068\u540C\u7FA9\u306B\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u305F\u3060\u3057\u3001\u30CD\u30B0\u30ED\u30A4\u30C9\u4EE5\u5916\u306B\u3082\u808C\u306E\u8272\u304C\u6FC3\u3044\u30AA\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30E9\u30ED\u30A4\u30C9\u3092\u542B\u3081\u3066\u300C\u9ED2\u4EBA\u300D\u3068\u547C\u3076\u3053\u3068\u3082\u591A\u3044\u3002\u3044\u305A\u308C\u3082\u6587\u5316\u7684\u30FB\u793E\u4F1A\u7684\u30FB\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u306B\u5F62\u6210\u3055\u308C\u3001\u4FBF\u5B9C\u7684\u306B\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u308B\u7528\u8A9E\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u751F\u7269\u5B66\u7684\u5206\u985E\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6709\u52B9\u306A\u6982\u5FF5\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . "Negros ou povo negro s\u00E3o termos usados em sistemas de classifica\u00E7\u00E3o racial para os seres humanos que geralmente se relaciona a um fen\u00F3tipo de pele escura, em rela\u00E7\u00E3o a outros grupos raciais. O conceito da palavra negro pode variar de acordo com a regi\u00E3o, pol\u00EDtica e cultura, podendo um indiv\u00EDduo ser classificado como negro em um determinado pa\u00EDs e n\u00E3o ser classificado como tal em outros. Diferentes sociedades aplicam crit\u00E9rios diferentes a respeito de quem \u00E9 classificado como \"negro\" e muitas vezes vari\u00E1veis \u200B\u200Bsociais, tais como classe social e status s\u00F3cio-econ\u00F4mico, tamb\u00E9m desempenham um papel relevante nessa classifica\u00E7\u00E3o. Como um fen\u00F3tipo biol\u00F3gico, ser \"negro\" \u00E9 frequentemente associado com as cores de pele muito escuras de algumas pessoas que s\u00E3o classificados como 'negras'. Algumas defini\u00E7\u00F5es do termo incluem apenas as pessoas de ascend\u00EAncia subsaariana relativamente recente (ver: Di\u00E1spora africana). Entre os membros desse grupo, a pele escura \u00E9 mais frequentemente acompanhada pela express\u00E3o da textura do cabelo afro-natural (recentes estudos cient\u00EDficos indicam que a diversidade de cores de pele humana \u00E9 maior em popula\u00E7\u00F5es da \u00C1frica subsaariana). Outras defini\u00E7\u00F5es do termo \"negros\" estendem-se a outras popula\u00E7\u00F5es caracterizadas por pele escura, \u00E0s vezes incluindo os povos ind\u00EDgenas da Oceania."@pt . . . . . . . "Negros ou povo negro s\u00E3o termos usados em sistemas de classifica\u00E7\u00E3o racial para os seres humanos que geralmente se relaciona a um fen\u00F3tipo de pele escura, em rela\u00E7\u00E3o a outros grupos raciais. O conceito da palavra negro pode variar de acordo com a regi\u00E3o, pol\u00EDtica e cultura, podendo um indiv\u00EDduo ser classificado como negro em um determinado pa\u00EDs e n\u00E3o ser classificado como tal em outros. Diferentes sociedades aplicam crit\u00E9rios diferentes a respeito de quem \u00E9 classificado como \"negro\" e muitas vezes vari\u00E1veis \u200B\u200Bsociais, tais como classe social e status s\u00F3cio-econ\u00F4mico, tamb\u00E9m desempenham um papel relevante nessa classifica\u00E7\u00E3o. Como um fen\u00F3tipo biol\u00F3gico, ser \"negro\" \u00E9 frequentemente associado com as cores de pele muito escuras de algumas pessoas que s\u00E3o classificados como 'negras'."@pt . . . "\u039F \u03CC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B1\u03CD\u03C1\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03C2 \u03CC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C7\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03BC\u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2, \u03C3\u03C5\u03C7\u03BD\u03AC \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C6\u03C5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03BC\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AE \u03B5\u03B8\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2, \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03B3\u03C1\u03AC\u03C8\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03CC\u03C4\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03CC\u03C7\u03C1\u03C9\u03BC\u03BF\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03BF\u03C8\u03B7\u03C6\u03AF\u03B1. \u03A9\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BA \u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5, \u03B7 \u03AD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AD\u03BA\u03C6\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03BA\u03AF\u03BB\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03AD\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD. \u0393\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BF \u03CC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03C3\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2."@el . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Black is a racialized classification of people, usually a political and skin color-based category for specific populations with a mid to dark brown complexion. Not all people considered \"black\" have dark skin; in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification in the Western world, the term \"black\" is used to describe persons who are perceived as dark-skinned compared to other populations. It is most commonly used for people of sub-Saharan African ancestry and the indigenous peoples of Oceania, though it has been applied in many contexts to other groups, and is no indicator of any close ancestral relationship whatsoever. Indigenous African societies do not use the term black as a racial identity outside of influences brought by Western cultures. The term \"black\""@en . . . . . "Negro (persona)"@es . "Black people"@en . "Orang kulit hitam adalah sebuah istilah yang digunakan di negara-negara tertentu, sering kali secara sosial berdasarkan pada sistem klasifikasi rasial atau etnisitas, untuk menyebut orang yang berkulit hitam dibandingkan dengan penduduk lainnya. Karena itu, pengatiannya banyak ragamnya di dalam maupun antar masyarakat, dan tergantung pada konteks. Bagi beberapa individual, komunitas dan negara lainnya, \"orang kulit hitam\" juga dianggap sebagai ejekan, merendahkan atau label tak menyenangkan lainnya, dan akibatnya hal tersebut digunakan untuk mengartikan hal tersebut. Masyarakat berbeda menerapkan kriteria berbeda dalam mengklasifikasikan \"orang kulit hitam\", dan tersebut juga berubah sepanjang waktu di sejumlah negara, beragam masyarakat terkenal klasifikasi melalui warna kulit, dan kriteria sosial bagi ragam \"kehitaman\". Contohnya, di Amerika Utara, istilah orang kulit hitam tidak menjadi tanda warna kulit atau asal etnis, tetapi klasifikasi ras berbasis sosial yang berkaitan dengan Afrika-Amerika, dengan sejarah keluarga yang biasanya dikaitkan dengan perbudakan terlembaga di Britania Raya, \"orang kulit hitam\" dulunya setara dengan \"orang kulit berwarna\", sebuah istilah umum bagi orang non-Eropa. Di Afrika Selatan dan Amerika Latin, orang ras campuran umumnya tak diklasifikasikan sebagai \"orang kulit hitam\". Di wilayah lainnya seperti Australasia, para pemukimnya menerapkan istilah \"orang kulit hitam\" atau digunakan oleh penduduk asli dengan latar belakang sejarah dan leluhur yang berbeda."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uD751\uC778(\u9ED1\u4EBA)\uC740 \uBCF4\uD3B8\uC801 \uC778\uC885 \uBD84\uB958\uC758 \uD558\uB098\uB85C, \uC8FC\uB85C \uC0AC\uD558\uB77C \uC774\uB0A8 \uC544\uD504\uB9AC\uCE74\uC778\uC744 \uC870\uC0C1\uC73C\uB85C \uAC16\uB294 \uC778\uC885\uC744 \uD1B5\uD2C0\uC5B4 \uC77C\uCEEB\uB294 \uB9D0\uB85C \uC4F0\uC778\uB2E4. \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uAC1C\uB150\uC740 \uB2C8\uADF8\uB85C\uC774\uB4DC\uB77C\uB294 \uBD84\uB958\uC640 \uC77C\uCE58\uD558\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC774\uB4E4\uC740 \uC5ED\uC0AC\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uB300\uBD80\uBD84 \uC0AC\uD558\uB77C \uC774\uB0A8 \uC544\uD504\uB9AC\uCE74\uC5D0 \uAC70\uC8FC\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uADFC\uB300\uC758 \uB178\uC608 \uBB34\uC5ED \uBC0F \uAD6D\uC81C \uC774\uC8FC\uC758 \uD65C\uC131\uD654\uB85C \uC544\uBA54\uB9AC\uCE74 \uB300\uB959\uC744 \uBE44\uB86F\uD55C \uB2E4\uB978 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC73C\uB85C\uB3C4 \uD37C\uC9C0\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . "Zwarten"@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Die Bezeichnungen Schwarze, schwarze Menschen und Schwarze Menschen werden allgemein f\u00FCr Menschen mit einer dunklen Hautfarbe verwendet. Schwarz ist dabei jedoch nicht nur eine Bezeichnung der Hautfarbe, sondern auch eine sozial konstruierte Kategorie. So werden vielfach Menschen mit allen m\u00F6glichen Varianten der Hautpigmentierung von dunkelsten bis zu sehr hellen Hautfarben einbezogen, einschlie\u00DFlich Albinos. Die Bezeichnungen werden auch verwendet, um verschiedene Populationen aufgrund historischer und pr\u00E4historischer Herkunftsbeziehungen zusammenzufassen."@de . . . "El t\u00E9rmino negro (o, tambi\u00E9n, persona negra o de etnia subsahariana) es un t\u00E9rmino de diversos significados, cambiantes seg\u00FAn tiempo y lugar, en las clasificaciones \u00E9tnico-raciales de las personas.\u200B Aunque la denominaci\u00F3n de una persona como \u00ABnegra\u00BB var\u00EDa de cultura en cultura, a trav\u00E9s del proceso hist\u00F3rico de clasificaci\u00F3n racial derivado de la posici\u00F3n hegem\u00F3nica de la blanquitud,\u200B se hace referencia a las personas que habitan o cuya relaci\u00F3n se asigna con el \u00C1frica subsahariana, denominada tambi\u00E9n \u00AB\u00C1frica negra\u00BB. Esta identificaci\u00F3n puede variar seg\u00FAn el pa\u00EDs, a tal punto que una persona considerada como \"negra\" en determinada regi\u00F3n del mundo puede ser identificada, al migrar hacia otra regi\u00F3n, dentro de otra categor\u00EDa de clasificaci\u00F3n racial, poniendo en relieve la condici\u00F3n de esta denominaci\u00F3n como construcci\u00F3n social en la formaci\u00F3n de la palabra negro;\u200B a menudo este fen\u00F3meno social depende del colorismo, lo que hace que la manifestaci\u00F3n de prejuicios y expresiones de racismo var\u00EDen seg\u00FAn la persona identificada como negra.\u200B Por su parte, la poblaci\u00F3n negra en Am\u00E9rica, conocida como los \u00ABafroamericanos\u00BB, tuvo su origen en el comercio de millones de africanos y su traslado forzado al continente americano para trabajar como esclavos, realizado por mercaderes europeos y aliados africanos entre los siglos XVI y XIX.[cita requerida] Los autores expertos en como Achille Mbembe declaran que la asignaci\u00F3n a las personas de origen africano como \"negros\" fue un proceso hist\u00F3rico, el cual tuvo como objetivo la construcci\u00F3n de sujetos de raza y cuerpos de extracci\u00F3n desde el par\u00E1metro de la blanquitud occidental y europea.\u200B La construcci\u00F3n de esta categor\u00EDa racial se llev\u00F3 a cabo con \u00E9xito a trav\u00E9s del , que se define como: \"Una forma espectral de la divisi\u00F3n y de la diferencia humana susceptible de ser movilizada con fines de estigmatizaci\u00F3n y de exclusi\u00F3n, de segregaci\u00F3n, por las cuales se busca aislar, eliminar y en efecto destruir f\u00EDsicamente un grupo humano.\" \u200B Por su parte, el historiador franc\u00E9s Pap Ndiaye considera que \u00ABnegro\u00BB es una \u00ABcategor\u00EDa imaginaria\u00BB, pues se refiere \u00ABa personas cuya apariencia es ser negras, y no a personas cuya esencia es ser negras. Los negros son negros porque se los ha tenido por tales en los mundos blancos, particularmente desde el inicio de la \u00C9poca moderna\u00BB.\u200B Durante el siglo XIX, el t\u00E9rmino negro, as\u00ED como el concepto de raza, trat\u00F3 de tener una transcripci\u00F3n sociobiol\u00F3gica efectuada para justificar los sistemas de plantaci\u00F3n y esclavizaci\u00F3n que ocurrieron a la par de la modernidad occidental y como base de esta.\u200B Durante el siglo XX, existieron movimientos pol\u00EDticos de comunidades afrodescendientes para cambiar el uso racista de la palabra, y uno de estos movimientos se llam\u00F3 negritud.[cita requerida]"@es . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062F \u0647\u0648 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0651 \u062A\u0645\u0627\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0651 \u064A\u064F\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0630\u0648\u064A \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u064A\u062D\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0645\u062F\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062F\u0631\u062C\u0627\u062A \u0645\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064A\u0642\u062A\u0636\u064A \u0627\u0631\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u0642\u062F \u064A\u064F\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062F \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064B\u060C \u0641\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u064F\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u00AB\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062F\u00BB \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u062A\u064F\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u062A\u0647\u0645 \u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062D\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062D\u064A\u062B \u064A\u0634\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0648\u0635\u064A\u0641 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0639\u062A\u0645\u062F \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u064B\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0651. \u0648\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u064F\u062F\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062D \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u062A\u0646\u062D\u062F\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062F\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u062C\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u064A\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064A\u064A\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u064A\u064F\u0644\u0627\u062D\u0638 \u0639\u062F\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062F\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u062C\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0643\u0647\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064A\u062F\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0623\u062B\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0623\u062F\u062E\u0644\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062A\u0647\u0645. \u062A\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0628\u0627\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062A. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u0634\u0647\u062F\u062A \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064F\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u064F\u0635\u0646\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u062A\u0628\u0639\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062A \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u064F\u062D\u062F\u064E\u0651\u062F\u0629 \u062A\u063A\u064A\u0651\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062A. \u0625\u0630 \u062A\u064F\u0644\u0642\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u063A\u064A\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u062F\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u062A\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064F\u062D\u062F\u0650\u0651\u062F\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060C \u0648\u0642\u062F \u0644\u0627 \u062A\u0646\u062D\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064A\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062B\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u00AB\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062F\u00BB \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u064E\u0651\u062D\u062F\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u064A\u064F\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062D\u062F\u0631\u062A \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062E\u0627\u0631\u062C \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627. \u0641\u064A \u062D\u064A\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062B\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0627 \u064A\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u00AB\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062F\u00BB \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0644\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0641\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645. \u064A\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u00AB\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062F\u00BB \u0644\u0641\u0638\u064B\u0627 \u0627\u0632\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u062C\u0639\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062A\u062D\u062C\u064A\u0645\u064A\u064B\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u064A\u0646\u0623\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062A\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064A\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u064A\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u064F\u062D\u062F\u064E\u0651\u062F\u064B\u0627. \u0648\u064A\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0644\u0645 \u064A\u064F\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064A\u0651\u060C \u0641\u064A\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u064E\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0648\u0635\u064A\u0641 \u062E\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u064A\u064F\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0637\u0628\u064A\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0630\u0648\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064A\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062F\u0627\u0621."@ar . . "Schwarze"@de . . . "\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u062F"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "118387"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "Beltz hainbat herrialdetan erabiltzen den arraza edo etnia izendapena da, askotan sailkapen gisa, beste populazio multzo batekin alderatuta azal kolore iluna dutela adierazteko. \"Beltz\" kontzeptuarekin izendatzen dena gizarteen artean aldatzen da, eta kontestuaren arabera aldakorra izan ohi da. Herri, komunitate eta pertsona batzuentzat \"beltz\" izendapena zaharkitua eta ez-ordezkatzailea da eta, beraz, albo batera utzi behar den zerbait eta, horregatik, herrialde, komunitate edo pertsona horiek ez dute terminoa inoiz erabiltzen. Arrazismoarekin lotutako terminoa ere izan da maiz, eta pentsaera ezberdinak egon dira terminoaren aldarrikapenaren inguruan. Gizarte ezberdinetan irizpide ezberdinak erabiltzen dira \"beltzak\" nortzuk diren izendatzeko, eta gizarte eraikuntza hori ere denboran zehar aldatu izan da. Hainbat herrialdetan, gizarteko aldagaiek garrantzi handiagoa dute azalaren kolorea baino, eta \"beltzatasun\" irizpidea aldatzen da. Ipar Amerikan pertsona beltzak (ingelesez: black people) erabiltzeak ez du, derrigor, larruazalaren kolorea edo jatorri etnikoa adierazten, baizik eta Afro-amerikar izatearekin harremana duen arrazan oinarritutako eraikuntza sozial bat. Eraikuntza horretan, esklabutza instituzionalizatuarekin harremana duten senideak izatea da kontuan hartu ohi dena. Erresuma Batuan, ordea, \"beltzak\" behinola erabiltzen zen hitza zen gaur egun \"koloreko pertsona\" (ingelesez: person of color) terminoa erabiltzeko, normalki jatorri ez Europarra duten hainbat herri izendatzeko. Hego Afrika eta Latinoamerikan arraza edo etnia nahasketa duten pertsonei ez zaie \"beltz\" izendatzen. Australasian \"beltzak\" deitzen zaie hainbat jatorri ezberdin duten pertsonak izendatzeko. Azken urteetan Black Lives Matter bezalako mugimenduek \"beltzatasuna\" eta Afro-amerikarren eskubide zibilen aldeko mugimendua berirro lotzeko balio izan dute. Ikuspegi genetiko batetik, \"beltzak\" ez dira existitzen, izan ere Afrikan jatorri duten herrien artean bariazio genetiko gehiago dago Afrikatik kanpo bizi diren guztien artean baino. Larruazalaren kolorea melanina izeneko pigmentoarekin dago harremanduta eta melaninaren aktibazioan paper garrantzitsua du SLC24A5 izeneko geneak."@eu . . . . . . . . "Nigrulo estas homo kies ha\u016Dta koloro estas malhelbruna (\"nigra\"). En pli strikta senco, nigrulo estas , do ano de homa raso origine el Afriko sed pro sklaveco kaj elmigrado disvasti\u011Dinta al aliaj kontinentoj, \u0109efe Ameriko. Do por \u011Dusta difino oni anka\u016Ddevus inkluzivi anka\u016D aliajn fizikajn trajtojn, kiel hartipon. Tre malhelbrunajn kaj oni nur escepte nomus \"nigruloj\"."@eo . . . . . . . "Is \u00E9 daoine gorma (n\u00F3 cine gorm n\u00F3 fi\u00FA cine dubh) an t\u00E9arma a \u00FAs\u00E1idtear chun cur s\u00EDos a dh\u00E9anamh ar dhaoine a bhfuil tr\u00E9ithe fisici\u00FAla com\u00F3nta acu, ina measc craiceann dorcha."@ga . . "\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062F \u0647\u0648 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0651 \u062A\u0645\u0627\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0651 \u064A\u064F\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0630\u0648\u064A \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u064A\u062D\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0645\u062F\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062F\u0631\u062C\u0627\u062A \u0645\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064A\u0642\u062A\u0636\u064A \u0627\u0631\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u0642\u062F \u064A\u064F\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062F \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064B\u060C \u0641\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u064F\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u00AB\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062F\u00BB \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u062A\u064F\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u062A\u0647\u0645 \u062F\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062D\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062D\u064A\u062B \u064A\u0634\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0648\u0635\u064A\u0641 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0639\u062A\u0645\u062F \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u064B\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0651. \u0648\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u064F\u062F\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062D \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u062A\u0646\u062D\u062F\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062F\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u062C\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u064A\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064A\u064A\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u064A\u064F\u0644\u0627\u062D\u0638 \u0639\u062F\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062F\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u062C\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0643\u0647\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064A\u062F\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0623\u062B\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0623\u062F\u062E\u0644\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u064E\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062A\u0647\u0645."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uD751\uC778(\u9ED1\u4EBA)\uC740 \uBCF4\uD3B8\uC801 \uC778\uC885 \uBD84\uB958\uC758 \uD558\uB098\uB85C, \uC8FC\uB85C \uC0AC\uD558\uB77C \uC774\uB0A8 \uC544\uD504\uB9AC\uCE74\uC778\uC744 \uC870\uC0C1\uC73C\uB85C \uAC16\uB294 \uC778\uC885\uC744 \uD1B5\uD2C0\uC5B4 \uC77C\uCEEB\uB294 \uB9D0\uB85C \uC4F0\uC778\uB2E4. \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uAC1C\uB150\uC740 \uB2C8\uADF8\uB85C\uC774\uB4DC\uB77C\uB294 \uBD84\uB958\uC640 \uC77C\uCE58\uD558\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC774\uB4E4\uC740 \uC5ED\uC0AC\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uB300\uBD80\uBD84 \uC0AC\uD558\uB77C \uC774\uB0A8 \uC544\uD504\uB9AC\uCE74\uC5D0 \uAC70\uC8FC\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uADFC\uB300\uC758 \uB178\uC608 \uBB34\uC5ED \uBC0F \uAD6D\uC81C \uC774\uC8FC\uC758 \uD65C\uC131\uD654\uB85C \uC544\uBA54\uB9AC\uCE74 \uB300\uB959\uC744 \uBE44\uB86F\uD55C \uB2E4\uB978 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC73C\uB85C\uB3C4 \uD37C\uC9C0\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u9ED1\u4EBA"@zh . . . . . "\u9ED1\u4EBA\uFF0C\u5373\u9ED1\u8272\u4EBA\u79CD\uFF0C\u53C8\u79F0\u5C3C\u683C\u7F57\u4EBA\u79CD\uFF0C\u5C3C\u683C\u7F57\uFF0D\u6FB3\u5927\u5229\u4E9A\u4EBA\u79CD\u3001\u8D64\u9053\u4EBA\u79CD\u3001\u525B\u679C\u4EBA\u7A2E\uFF0C\u662F\u4EBA\u7C7B\u5206\u7C7B\u5B66\u8BF4\u88CF\u7684\u4E00\u79CD\u4EBA\u79CD\u3002 \u73FE\u4ECA\u9ED1\u4EBA\u5927\u591A\u805A\u5C45\u4E8E\u975E\u6D32\u548C\u7F8E\u6D32\uFF0C\u53E6\u5916\uFF0C\u5B89\u8FBE\u66FC\u7FA4\u5C9B\u3001\u5C3C\u79D1\u5DF4\u7FA4\u5C9B\u3001\u7F8E\u62C9\u5C3C\u897F\u4E9A\u8207\u6FB3\u5927\u5229\u4E9E\u539F\u4F4F\u6C11\u7684\u819A\u8272\u96D6\u7136\u4E5F\u662F\u9ED1\u8272\uFF0C\u4F46\u662F\u73FE\u4ECA\u6839\u64DA\u5176\u4ED6\u79D1\u5B78\u8B49\u64DA\u5C07\u4ED6\u5011\u6B78\u985E\u70BA\u68D5\u8272\u4EBA\u7A2E\uFF0C\u800C\u4E0D\u662F\u9ED1\u8272\u4EBA\u7A2E\u3002"@zh . . "\u9ED2\u4EBA\uFF08\u3053\u304F\u3058\u3093\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u901A\u4FD7\u7684\u4EBA\u7A2E\u6982\u5FF5\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u3067\u3001\u808C\u306E\u8272\u304C\u6FC3\u8272\u3067\u9ED2\u306B\u8FD1\u3044\u4EBA\u7A2E\u306E\u7DCF\u79F0\u3002\u9ED2\u8272\u4EBA\u7A2E\uFF08\u3053\u304F\u3057\u3087\u304F\u3058\u3093\u3057\u3085\uFF09\u3002\u65E5\u713C\u3051\u306A\u3069\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u3001\u907A\u4F1D\u3067\u808C\u306E\u8272\u304C\u9ED2\u306B\u8FD1\u3044\u3002 \u904E\u53BB\u306E\u5F62\u8CEA\u4EBA\u985E\u5B66\u3067\u3044\u3046\u30CD\u30B0\u30ED\u30A4\u30C9\u3068\u540C\u7FA9\u306B\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u305F\u3060\u3057\u3001\u30CD\u30B0\u30ED\u30A4\u30C9\u4EE5\u5916\u306B\u3082\u808C\u306E\u8272\u304C\u6FC3\u3044\u30AA\u30FC\u30B9\u30C8\u30E9\u30ED\u30A4\u30C9\u3092\u542B\u3081\u3066\u300C\u9ED2\u4EBA\u300D\u3068\u547C\u3076\u3053\u3068\u3082\u591A\u3044\u3002\u3044\u305A\u308C\u3082\u6587\u5316\u7684\u30FB\u793E\u4F1A\u7684\u30FB\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u306B\u5F62\u6210\u3055\u308C\u3001\u4FBF\u5B9C\u7684\u306B\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u308B\u7528\u8A9E\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u751F\u7269\u5B66\u7684\u5206\u985E\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6709\u52B9\u306A\u6982\u5FF5\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u3002"@ja . . "Beltz hainbat herrialdetan erabiltzen den arraza edo etnia izendapena da, askotan sailkapen gisa, beste populazio multzo batekin alderatuta azal kolore iluna dutela adierazteko. \"Beltz\" kontzeptuarekin izendatzen dena gizarteen artean aldatzen da, eta kontestuaren arabera aldakorra izan ohi da. Herri, komunitate eta pertsona batzuentzat \"beltz\" izendapena zaharkitua eta ez-ordezkatzailea da eta, beraz, albo batera utzi behar den zerbait eta, horregatik, herrialde, komunitate edo pertsona horiek ez dute terminoa inoiz erabiltzen. Arrazismoarekin lotutako terminoa ere izan da maiz, eta pentsaera ezberdinak egon dira terminoaren aldarrikapenaren inguruan."@eu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Is \u00E9 daoine gorma (n\u00F3 cine gorm n\u00F3 fi\u00FA cine dubh) an t\u00E9arma a \u00FAs\u00E1idtear chun cur s\u00EDos a dh\u00E9anamh ar dhaoine a bhfuil tr\u00E9ithe fisici\u00FAla com\u00F3nta acu, ina measc craiceann dorcha."@ga . . . . . "Black is a racialized classification of people, usually a political and skin color-based category for specific populations with a mid to dark brown complexion. Not all people considered \"black\" have dark skin; in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification in the Western world, the term \"black\" is used to describe persons who are perceived as dark-skinned compared to other populations. It is most commonly used for people of sub-Saharan African ancestry and the indigenous peoples of Oceania, though it has been applied in many contexts to other groups, and is no indicator of any close ancestral relationship whatsoever. Indigenous African societies do not use the term black as a racial identity outside of influences brought by Western cultures. The term \"black\" may or may not be capitalized. The AP Stylebook changed its guide to capitalize the \"b\" in black in 2020. The ASA Style Guide says that the \"b\" should not be capitalized. Different societies apply different criteria regarding who is classified \"black\", and these social constructs have changed over time. In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, and the social criteria for \"blackness\" vary. In the United Kingdom, \"black\" was historically equivalent with \"person of color\", a general term for non-European peoples. In other regions such as Australasia, settlers applied the term \"black\" or it was used by local populations with different histories and ancestral backgrounds. Some perceive \"black\" as a derogatory, outdated, reductive or otherwise unrepresentative label, and as a result neither use nor define it, especially in African countries with little to no history of colonial racial segregation."@en . . . "Negros"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Frank Sweet is not a reliable source. His is a self-published fringe viewpoint."@en . . . . . . "Nigrulo"@eo . . . . . . "\u9ED2\u4EBA"@ja . . . "Le terme Noir est employ\u00E9, dans le langage courant, pour cat\u00E9goriser un \u00EAtre humain caract\u00E9ris\u00E9 par une couleur de peau fonc\u00E9e. S'il d\u00E9signe souvent des \u00EAtres humains originaires d'Afrique subsaharienne, ce terme peut \u00EAtre utilis\u00E9 pour qualifier des personnes asiatiques (Dravidiens, N\u00E9gritos...) ou oc\u00E9aniennes (Papous, Aborig\u00E8nes, M\u00E9lan\u00E9siens\u2026). Les \u00E9tudes scientifiques, fond\u00E9es depuis le milieu du XXe si\u00E8cle sur la g\u00E9n\u00E9tique, ont affirm\u00E9 que le concept de race n'est pas pertinent pour caract\u00E9riser les diff\u00E9rents sous-groupes g\u00E9ographiques de l'esp\u00E8ce humaine, car la variabilit\u00E9 g\u00E9n\u00E9tique entre individus d'un m\u00EAme sous-groupe est plus importante que la variabilit\u00E9 g\u00E9n\u00E9tique moyenne entre sous-groupes g\u00E9ographiques. Le consensus scientifique actuel rejette en tout \u00E9tat de cause la pr\u00E9sence d'arguments biologiques pour l\u00E9gitimer la notion de race, rel\u00E9gu\u00E9e \u00E0 une repr\u00E9sentation arbitraire selon des crit\u00E8res morphologiques, ethnico-sociaux, culturels ou politiques, comme les identit\u00E9s. D'un point de vue biologique, la peau fonc\u00E9e est un \u00E9piderme qui comporte un fort taux de m\u00E9lanine, c'est donc une adaptation g\u00E9n\u00E9tique issue de la s\u00E9lection naturelle permettant une protection face aux radiations UV dans les milieux fortement ensoleill\u00E9s. Ces milieux sont moins soumis au risque de carence en vitamine D \u00E0 l'inverse des pays faiblement ensoleill\u00E9s dans lesquels les individus ont la peau claire."@fr . . . . . . . "Le terme Noir est employ\u00E9, dans le langage courant, pour cat\u00E9goriser un \u00EAtre humain caract\u00E9ris\u00E9 par une couleur de peau fonc\u00E9e. S'il d\u00E9signe souvent des \u00EAtres humains originaires d'Afrique subsaharienne, ce terme peut \u00EAtre utilis\u00E9 pour qualifier des personnes asiatiques (Dravidiens, N\u00E9gritos...) ou oc\u00E9aniennes (Papous, Aborig\u00E8nes, M\u00E9lan\u00E9siens\u2026)."@fr . . . "September 2017"@en . . . . . . . . "4745"^^ . . "Beltz (pertsona)"@eu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Nigrulo estas homo kies ha\u016Dta koloro estas malhelbruna (\"nigra\"). En pli strikta senco, nigrulo estas , do ano de homa raso origine el Afriko sed pro sklaveco kaj elmigrado disvasti\u011Dinta al aliaj kontinentoj, \u0109efe Ameriko. Do por \u011Dusta difino oni anka\u016Ddevus inkluzivi anka\u016D aliajn fizikajn trajtojn, kiel hartipon. Tre malhelbrunajn kaj oni nur escepte nomus \"nigruloj\"."@eo . . . . . . . . . . .