"The California Water Wars were a series of political conflicts between the city of Los Angeles and farmers and ranchers in the Owens Valley of Eastern California over water rights. As Los Angeles expanded during the late 19th century, it began outgrowing its water supply. Fred Eaton, mayor of Los Angeles, promoted a plan to take water from Owens Valley to Los Angeles via an aqueduct. The aqueduct construction was overseen by William Mulholland and was finished in 1913. The water rights were acquired through political fighting and, as described by one author, \"chicanery, subterfuge ... and a strategy of lies\". Water from the Owens River started being diverted to Los Angeles in 1913, precipitating conflict and eventual ruin of the valley's economy. By the 1920s, so much water was diverted from the Owens Valley that agriculture became difficult. This led to the farmers trying to destroy the aqueduct in 1924. Los Angeles prevailed and kept the water flowing. By 1926, Owens Lake at the bottom of Owens Valley was completely dry due to water diversion. The water needs of Los Angeles kept growing. In 1941, Los Angeles diverted water that previously fed Mono Lake, north of Owens Valley, into the aqueduct. Mono Lake's ecosystem for migrating birds was threatened by dropping water levels. Between 1979 and 1994, David Gaines and the Mono Lake Committee engaged in litigation with Los Angeles. The litigation forced Los Angeles to stop diverting water from around Mono Lake, which has started to rise back to a level that can support its ecosystem."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "40060"^^ . . . . . . . . . "As Guerras da \u00C1gua na Calif\u00F3rnia foram uma s\u00E9rie de conflitos entre a cidade de Los Angeles e os agricultores e pecuaristas do no Leste do estado americano da Calif\u00F3rnia, al\u00E9m dos ambientalistas. Quando Los Angeles cresceu muito no final do s\u00E9culo XIX, o abastecimento de \u00E1gua tornou-se insuficiente. , prefeito da cidade, imaginou que a \u00E1gua poderia ir at\u00E9 Los Angeles vinda do Owens Valley, por meio de um aqueduto. A constru\u00E7\u00E3o ficou a cargo de e foi terminada em 1913. Os direitos sobre a \u00E1gua foram conseguidos depois de uma intensa luta pol\u00EDtica com uso de muitos subterf\u00FAgios e mentiras. Al\u00E9m disso, os fazendeiros n\u00E3o teriam recebido um pre\u00E7o justo pela cess\u00E3o dos direitos de uso da \u00E1gua. J\u00E1 na d\u00E9cada de 1920, o volume de \u00E1gua desviada do Owens Valley era t\u00E3o grande que tornou dif\u00EDcil a continuidade da agricultura na regi\u00E3o. Isso levou a que os fazendeiros tentassem destruir o aqueduto. Los Angeles prevaleceu e manteve a \u00E1gua fluindo. Em 1926, o que ficava na parte inferior do vale, ficou completamente seco devido ao desvio. A \u00E1gua era necess\u00E1ria para manter o crescimento de Los Angeles. Em 1941, Los Angeles desviou a \u00E1gua que alimentava Mono Lake para o aqueduto. Esse lago, ao norte do Owens Valley, \u00E9 um importante ecossistema para migra\u00E7\u00E3o de aves. O n\u00EDvel da \u00E1gua baixou com o desvio e tornou-se uma amea\u00E7a para as aves. Ambientalistas, liderados por David Gaines e o Comit\u00EA Mono Lake, se engajaram em uma s\u00E9rie de lit\u00EDgios legais contra Los Angeles entre 1979 e 1994. Essas a\u00E7\u00F5es for\u00E7aram a cidade a interromper o desvio da \u00E1gua em volta do Mono Lake, que voltou a um n\u00EDvel aceit\u00E1vel para o ecossistema da regi\u00E3o."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062D\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0647\u064A \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0645\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062D\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064A \u0648\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u0641\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u062D\u0648\u0644 \u062D\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0647. \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062E\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 19\u060C \u0628\u062F\u0623\u062A \u062A\u0646\u0645\u064A \u0643\u0645\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064A\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u062F\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0650\u062F \u0625\u064A\u062A\u0646\u060C \u0639\u0645\u062F\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633\u060C \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062F \u064A\u062A\u062F\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u0623\u064F\u0646\u062C\u0632 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1913 \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062F. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u0627\u0643\u062A\u064F\u0633\u0628\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062A\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u060C \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u062D\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628: \u00AB\u0627\u062D\u062A\u064A\u0627\u0644\u060C \u062D\u064A\u064E\u0644\u060C \u0625\u0633\u062A\u0631\u0627\u062A\u064A\u062C\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0630\u064A\u0628\u00BB."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Guerre dell'acqua in California"@it . "\u062D\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064A\u0627"@ar . . . . . . "The California Water Wars were a series of political conflicts between the city of Los Angeles and farmers and ranchers in the Owens Valley of Eastern California over water rights. As Los Angeles expanded during the late 19th century, it began outgrowing its water supply. Fred Eaton, mayor of Los Angeles, promoted a plan to take water from Owens Valley to Los Angeles via an aqueduct. The aqueduct construction was overseen by William Mulholland and was finished in 1913. The water rights were acquired through political fighting and, as described by one author, \"chicanery, subterfuge ... and a strategy of lies\"."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "California water wars"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Guerres de l'eau en Californie"@fr . . . "As Guerras da \u00C1gua na Calif\u00F3rnia foram uma s\u00E9rie de conflitos entre a cidade de Los Angeles e os agricultores e pecuaristas do no Leste do estado americano da Calif\u00F3rnia, al\u00E9m dos ambientalistas. Quando Los Angeles cresceu muito no final do s\u00E9culo XIX, o abastecimento de \u00E1gua tornou-se insuficiente. , prefeito da cidade, imaginou que a \u00E1gua poderia ir at\u00E9 Los Angeles vinda do Owens Valley, por meio de um aqueduto. A constru\u00E7\u00E3o ficou a cargo de e foi terminada em 1913. Os direitos sobre a \u00E1gua foram conseguidos depois de uma intensa luta pol\u00EDtica com uso de muitos subterf\u00FAgios e mentiras. Al\u00E9m disso, os fazendeiros n\u00E3o teriam recebido um pre\u00E7o justo pela cess\u00E3o dos direitos de uso da \u00E1gua."@pt . . . . . . "Les guerres de l'eau en Californie (anglais : California Water Wars) d\u00E9signent les diff\u00E9rends entre la ville de Los Angeles et les fermiers de la vall\u00E9e de l'Owens en Californie concernant les droits de l'eau. Les conflits d\u00E9coulent principalement de l'emplacement dans une zone semi-aride de Los Angeles et la disponibilit\u00E9 de l'eau de la Sierra Nevada dans la vall\u00E9e de l'Owens."@fr . "387507"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Guerras da \u00C1gua na Calif\u00F3rnia"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Le guerre dell'acqua in California (inglese: California Water Wars) furono una serie di conflitti per lo sfruttamento delle risorse idriche tra la citt\u00E0 di Los Angeles e gli agricoltori e i proprietari di ranch della Valle di Owens nella California orientale."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062D\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0647\u064A \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0645\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062D\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064A \u0648\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u0641\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u062D\u0648\u0644 \u062D\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0647. \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062E\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 19\u060C \u0628\u062F\u0623\u062A \u062A\u0646\u0645\u064A \u0643\u0645\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064A\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u062F\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0650\u062F \u0625\u064A\u062A\u0646\u060C \u0639\u0645\u062F\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633\u060C \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062F \u064A\u062A\u062F\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u0623\u064F\u0646\u062C\u0632 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1913 \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062F. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u0627\u0643\u062A\u064F\u0633\u0628\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062A\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u060C \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u062D\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628: \u00AB\u0627\u062D\u062A\u064A\u0627\u0644\u060C \u062D\u064A\u064E\u0644\u060C \u0625\u0633\u062A\u0631\u0627\u062A\u064A\u062C\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0630\u064A\u0628\u00BB. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1913\u060C \u062D\u064F\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u062C\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633\u060C \u0645\u0627 \u062A\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064A \u062F\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062F\u064A. \u0648\u0628\u062D\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064A\u0646\u060C \u062A\u062D\u0648\u0644\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u0645\u0627 \u062F\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064A\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062A\u062F\u0645\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1924. \u0627\u0646\u062A\u0635\u0631\u062A \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0642\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064A\u062A\u062F\u0641\u0642. \u0648\u0628\u062D\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1926\u060C \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0628\u062D\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u0641\u064A \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632 \u062C\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062A\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062A\u062D\u0648\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0647. \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0645\u0631\u062A \u062D\u0627\u062C\u0627\u062A \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648. \u0633\u0646\u0629 1941\u060C \u062D\u0648\u064E\u0651\u0644\u062A \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u062A\u063A\u0630\u064A \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u062D\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0623\u0648\u064A\u0646\u0632."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Le guerre dell'acqua in California (inglese: California Water Wars) furono una serie di conflitti per lo sfruttamento delle risorse idriche tra la citt\u00E0 di Los Angeles e gli agricoltori e i proprietari di ranch della Valle di Owens nella California orientale. Via via che Los Angeles cresceva alla fine del XIX secolo, il suo approvvigionamento idrico cominci\u00F2 ad essere insufficiente. Fred Eaton, sindaco della citt\u00E0, si rese conto che l'acqua poteva essere portata dalla Valle di Owens a Los Angeles attraverso un acquedotto. La costruzione dell'acquedotto fu supervisionata da William Mulholland e fu terminata nel 1913. I diritti di utilizzazione dell'acqua furono acquisiti attraverso lotte politiche nonch\u00E9, come scrisse un autore, attraverso \"trucchi legali, sotterfugi ... e una strategia di menzogne\".:62 Dal 1913, il fiume Owens fu deviato a Los Angeles, causando la rovina dell'economia della valle. Entro gli anni 1920, era stata deviata cos\u00EC tanta acqua dalla Valle di Owens che l'agricoltura divenne difficile. Questo port\u00F2 gli agricoltori esasperati a tentare di distruggere l'acquedotto nel 1924. Nello scontro Los Angeles ebbe la meglio e continu\u00F2 a portare l'acqua dalla Valle di Owens. Entro il 1926, il sul fondo della valle era completamente prosciugato a causa della deviazione dell'acqua. I fabbisogni idrici di Los Angeles continuarono a crescere. Nel 1941, Los Angeles devi\u00F2 l'acqua che precedentemente alimentava il Lago Mono, a nord della Valle di Owens, nell'acquedotto. L'ecosistema del lago Mono per gli uccelli migratori fu minacciato dai livelli dell'acqua in calo. Tra il 1979 e il 1994, e il Comitato del lago Mono si impegnarono in una causa con Los Angeles. La causa costrinse infine Los Angeles a smettere di deviare l'acqua intorno al lago Mono, che ha iniziato a risalire a un livello in grado di sostenere il suo ecosistema."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . "1111207229"^^ . . "Les guerres de l'eau en Californie (anglais : California Water Wars) d\u00E9signent les diff\u00E9rends entre la ville de Los Angeles et les fermiers de la vall\u00E9e de l'Owens en Californie concernant les droits de l'eau. Les conflits d\u00E9coulent principalement de l'emplacement dans une zone semi-aride de Los Angeles et la disponibilit\u00E9 de l'eau de la Sierra Nevada dans la vall\u00E9e de l'Owens."@fr . . . . . . . .