. . . . . . . . . . "210"^^ . . . "Charles Murray (political scientist)"@en . . . . . "1943-01-08"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "869600"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "right"@en . . . . . "Charles Alan Murray, f\u00F6dd 8 januari 1943 i Newton, Iowa, \u00E4r en amerikansk politisk f\u00F6rfattare, statsvetare och kr\u00F6nik\u00F6r med libertariansk profil. Han arbetar p\u00E5 American Enterprise Institute som \u00E4r en konservativ tankesmedja i Washington, DC. Murray tog 1965 en bachelorexamen i historia vid Harvarduniversitetet och 1974 en doktorsexamen i statsvetenskap fr\u00E5n Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Murrays f\u00F6rsta k\u00E4nda bok var Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950-1980, som handlar om v\u00E4lf\u00E4rdsstatens effektivitet i USA under perioden 1950 till 1980. Senare har han blivit mest uppm\u00E4rksammad f\u00F6r sin kontroversiella bok The Bell Curve som han skrev tillsammans med \u00E5r 1994. Boken behandlar bland annat \u00E4mnet ras och intelligens. N\u00E4r den publicerades m\u00F6tte den h\u00E5rd kritik, bland annat avf\u00E4rdades den som vetenskaplig rasism, medan andra tog den i f\u00F6rsvar.[k\u00E4lla beh\u00F6vs]"@sv . . . . "\u0427\u0430\u0440\u043B\u044C\u0437 \u041C\u044E\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0439 (\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433)"@uk . . . . "\u0427\u0430\u0440\u043B\u044C\u0437 \u0410\u043B\u0430\u043D \u041C\u044E\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0439 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Charles Alan Murray) (\u043D\u0430\u0440. 8 \u0441\u0456\u0447\u043D\u044F 1943) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043B\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B, \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440, \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0456 \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0442. \u0412 40 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u043D \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043C, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u044F\u043A\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457\u0439 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0456 , \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0432 1984 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456. \u0412 \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0456 \u043E\u0431\u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043F\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E\u044E \u0454 \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043F\u0456\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433\u0430 The Bell Curve, \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0437 \u0432 1994 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456, \u0432 \u044F\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044F \u0449\u043E \u0456\u043D\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442 \u0454 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043C \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043E\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u0432 \u0442\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u0456 \u0444\u0456\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456. \u0427\u0430\u0440\u043B\u044C\u0437 \u041C\u044E\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043E \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433 \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u2018\u2019\u0429\u043E \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u041B\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u043E\u043C\u2019\u2019, \u0437\u043E\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0456 \u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438: A Personal Interpretation (1996), , A Plan to Replace the Welfare State (2006), \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0443 \u043E\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443: Four Simple Truths for Bringing America's Schools Back to Reality in 2008."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . . "social welfare policy"@en . . . "Charles Murray"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . "Charles Alan Murray (Newton, 8 de enero de 1943) es un polit\u00F3logo, escritor y orador p\u00FAblico estadounidense. \u00C9l es el W.H. Brady Scholar en el American Enterprise Institute, un think tank conservador en Washington, D.C.\u200B El trabajo de Murray ha sido y sigue siendo muy controvertido.\u200B\u200B\u200B"@es . . . . . . "\u0427\u0430\u0440\u043B\u044C\u0437 \u0410\u043B\u0430\u043D \u041C\u044E\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0439 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Charles Alan Murray) (\u043D\u0430\u0440. 8 \u0441\u0456\u0447\u043D\u044F 1943) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043B\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B, \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440, \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0456 \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0442. \u0412 40 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u043D \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043C, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u044F\u043A\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457\u0439 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0456 , \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0432 1984 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456. \u0412 \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0456 \u043E\u0431\u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043F\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E\u044E \u0454 \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043F\u0456\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433\u0430 The Bell Curve, \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0437 \u0432 1994 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456, \u0432 \u044F\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044F \u0449\u043E \u0456\u043D\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442 \u0454 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043C \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043E\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u0432 \u0442\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u0456 \u0444\u0456\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456. \u0427\u0430\u0440\u043B\u044C\u0437 \u041C\u044E\u0440\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043E \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433 \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u2018\u2019\u0429\u043E \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u041B\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u043E\u043C\u2019\u2019, \u0437\u043E\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0456 \u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438: A Personal Interpretation (1996), , A Plan to Replace the Welfare State (2006), \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0443 \u043E\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443: Four Simple Truths for Bringing America's Schools Back to Reality in 2008. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u041C\u044E\u0440\u0440\u0435\u044F \u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0445 , , , \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043D\u0433\u0442\u043E\u043D \u041F\u043E\u0441\u0442, \u0423\u043E\u043B\u043B-\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0442 \u0434\u0436\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0435\u043B, \u0456 \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u0422\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0441. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0456\u043D \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043F\u0456\u0432\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0456\u0442\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0406\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u041F\u0456\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0438\u0454\u043C\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0443 \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043D\u0433\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0456, \u043E\u043A\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u041A\u043E\u043B\u0443\u043C\u0431\u0456\u044F."@uk . "Charles Alan Murray (/\u02C8m\u025C\u02D0ri/; born 1943) is an American political scientist. He is the W.H. Brady Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, a conservative think tank in Washington, DC. Murray's work is highly controversial. His book Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950\u20131980 (1984) discussed the American welfare system. He co-wrote the book The Bell Curve (1994), co-authored with Richard Herrnstein, in which the authors argue that in American society, in the course of the 20th century, intelligence became a better predictor than parental socioeconomic status or education level of many individual outcomes, including income, job performance, pregnancy out of wedlock, and crime, and that social welfare programs and education efforts to improve social outcomes for the disadvantaged "@en . . . . . . . . "Charles Alan Murray, f\u00F6dd 8 januari 1943 i Newton, Iowa, \u00E4r en amerikansk politisk f\u00F6rfattare, statsvetare och kr\u00F6nik\u00F6r med libertariansk profil. Han arbetar p\u00E5 American Enterprise Institute som \u00E4r en konservativ tankesmedja i Washington, DC. Murray tog 1965 en bachelorexamen i historia vid Harvarduniversitetet och 1974 en doktorsexamen i statsvetenskap fr\u00E5n Massachusetts Institute of Technology."@sv . . . . . . . . "Charles Murray (* 1943 in Newton (Iowa), USA) ist ein US-amerikanischer Politikwissenschaftler und Publizist. Er wurde vor allem durch sein Buch The Bell Curve bekannt, das er mit Richard Herrnstein schrieb. Er ist seit 1990 beim American Enterprise Institute t\u00E4tig."@de . . . . . . "Charles Murray"@en . "\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064A (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Charles Murray)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u062D\u0641\u064A \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062A\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 8 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 1943 \u0641\u064A \u0646\u064A\u0648\u062A\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629. \u0642\u064F\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u0646\u064F\u0648\u0642\u0634 \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00AB\u0641\u0642\u062F\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u0629 1950-1980\u00BB (1984)\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064A 1950 \u06481980\u060C \u0648\u0623\u062B\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060C \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639. \u0643\u062A\u0628 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u064B\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062C\u062F\u0644 \u00AB\u0645\u0646\u062D\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0631\u0633\u00BB \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994\u060C \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u064A\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062F \u0647\u064A\u0631\u0646\u0634\u062A\u0627\u064A\u0646\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064A\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u062E\u0644\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062F\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064A\u0641\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0644 \u062E\u0627\u0631\u062C \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062C\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0631\u064A\u0645\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062C \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u062C\u0647\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0644\u062A\u062D\u0633\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062D\u0638\u064B\u0627 \u062A\u064F\u0647\u062F\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062D\u062F \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631."@ar . . . . . . . "Charles Alan Murray (Newton, 8 de enero de 1943) es un polit\u00F3logo, escritor y orador p\u00FAblico estadounidense. \u00C9l es el W.H. Brady Scholar en el American Enterprise Institute, un think tank conservador en Washington, D.C.\u200B El trabajo de Murray ha sido y sigue siendo muy controvertido.\u200B\u200B\u200B Su libro Losing Ground: American Social Policy 1950\u20131980 (1984) discuti\u00F3 el sistema de bienestar estadounidense. Escribi\u00F3 el controvertido libro The Bell Curve (1994), escrito con Richard Herrnstein, en el que sostiene que la inteligencia es un mejor predictor que el estado socioecon\u00F3mico de los padres o el nivel educativo de muchos resultados individuales, incluidos los ingresos, el desempe\u00F1o laboral, el embarazo fuera del matrimonio, y la delincuencia, y que los programas de bienestar social y los esfuerzos educativos para mejorar los resultados sociales para los desfavorecidos son en gran medida contraproducentes."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Charles Murray (Newton, Iowa; 8 de janeiro de 1943) \u00E9 um cientista pol\u00EDtico estadunidense autor do livro \"The Bell Curve\" (A Curva do Sino, Free Press, 1994), escrito juntamente com o psic\u00F3logo e professor de Harvard , no qual eles defendem que a intelig\u00EAncia \u00E9 um fator mais importante que o status socioecon\u00F4mico ou n\u00EDvel educacional parental em prever uma s\u00E9rie de sucessos na vida adulta incluindo sal\u00E1rio, performance no trabalho e gravidez fora do casamento. Sustentam tamb\u00E9m que h\u00E1 evid\u00EAncias significativas indicando que ao menos uma por\u00E7\u00E3o da diferen\u00E7a de inteligencia entre \"ra\u00E7as\" se d\u00E1 por fatores gen\u00E9ticos."@pt . "1124084797"^^ . . . . . . "Charles Murray (statsvetare)"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . "Charles Murray (polit\u00F3logo)"@es . . . . "Charles Murray (Newton, Iowa; 8 de janeiro de 1943) \u00E9 um cientista pol\u00EDtico estadunidense autor do livro \"The Bell Curve\" (A Curva do Sino, Free Press, 1994), escrito juntamente com o psic\u00F3logo e professor de Harvard , no qual eles defendem que a intelig\u00EAncia \u00E9 um fator mais importante que o status socioecon\u00F4mico ou n\u00EDvel educacional parental em prever uma s\u00E9rie de sucessos na vida adulta incluindo sal\u00E1rio, performance no trabalho e gravidez fora do casamento. Sustentam tamb\u00E9m que h\u00E1 evid\u00EAncias significativas indicando que ao menos uma por\u00E7\u00E3o da diferen\u00E7a de inteligencia entre \"ra\u00E7as\" se d\u00E1 por fatores gen\u00E9ticos."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . "Charles Alan Murray"@en . . . . . . . "Charles Alan Murray (/\u02C8m\u025C\u02D0ri/; born 1943) is an American political scientist. He is the W.H. Brady Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, a conservative think tank in Washington, DC. Murray's work is highly controversial. His book Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950\u20131980 (1984) discussed the American welfare system. He co-wrote the book The Bell Curve (1994), co-authored with Richard Herrnstein, in which the authors argue that in American society, in the course of the 20th century, intelligence became a better predictor than parental socioeconomic status or education level of many individual outcomes, including income, job performance, pregnancy out of wedlock, and crime, and that social welfare programs and education efforts to improve social outcomes for the disadvantaged are largely counterproductive. The Bell Curve also claimed that intelligence quotient (IQ) differences were largely genetic, including average IQ differences among different races and ethnicities."@en . . "Newton, Iowa, US"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Charles Murray (Politikwissenschaftler)"@de . . . . . . . . . . . "Charles Alan Murray, n\u00E9 \u00E0 Newton (Iowa) le 8 janvier 1943, est un politologue, essayiste et chroniqueur libertarien am\u00E9ricain. Il est titulaire d'un Bachelor of Arts en histoire de l'Universit\u00E9 Harvard et d'un PhD en sciences politiques du MIT."@fr . . . . . . "\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064A (\u0643\u0627\u062A\u0628)"@ar . . . . . "Murray in 2013"@en . "Charles Murray (politologue)"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Investment and Tithing in Thai Villages"@en . . "--12-04"^^ . . . "Charles Murray"@en . . . . "1943-01-08"^^ . . 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"1974"^^ . . . . . . . "Charles Alan Murray, n\u00E9 \u00E0 Newton (Iowa) le 8 janvier 1943, est un politologue, essayiste et chroniqueur libertarien am\u00E9ricain. Il est titulaire d'un Bachelor of Arts en histoire de l'Universit\u00E9 Harvard et d'un PhD en sciences politiques du MIT."@fr . "Charles Murray (* 1943 in Newton (Iowa), USA) ist ein US-amerikanischer Politikwissenschaftler und Publizist. Er wurde vor allem durch sein Buch The Bell Curve bekannt, das er mit Richard Herrnstein schrieb. Er ist seit 1990 beim American Enterprise Institute t\u00E4tig."@de . . . . . . "62581"^^ . . . . . . . "yes"@en .