. "500"^^ . . "200"^^ . . "Baochuan (chi\u0144. \u5B9D\u8239; pinyin b\u01CEochu\u00E1n; dos\u0142. \u201Eokr\u0119t skarbowy\u201D) \u2013 najwi\u0119ksze z jednostek licz\u0105cej do 300 statk\u00F3w flot chi\u0144skiego admira\u0142a Zheng He, kt\u00F3ry w XV w. odby\u0142 siedem wypraw po Oceanie Indyjskim. Eskadra tych okr\u0119t\u00F3w tworzy\u0142a trzon floty, transportuj\u0105c sztab, g\u0142\u00F3wne zapasy \u017Cywno\u015Bci i najcenniejsze towary. Baochuany s\u0105 znane jedynie z p\u00F3\u017Aniejszych grafik i fragmentarycznych wykopalisk; oceny ich wielko\u015Bci s\u0105 rozbie\u017Cne, ale bez w\u0105tpienia by\u0142y pod\u00F3wczas to najwi\u0119ksze jednostki p\u0142ywaj\u0105ce, dor\u00F3wnuj\u0105ce lub przewy\u017Cszaj\u0105ce d\u0142ugo\u015Bci\u0105 i wyporno\u015Bci\u0105 p\u00F3\u017Aniejsze europejskie okr\u0119ty liniowe z XVIII w. takie jak HMS Victory. W 1962 w Nankinie archeolodzy odkryli pozosta\u0142o\u015Bci mingowskiej stoczni, a w niej kolumn\u0119 od steru wysok\u0105 na 11 m i grub\u0105 na 0,38 m, z rudlem d\u0142ugim na 6 m. Na podstawie wymiar\u00F3w steru, d\u0142ugo\u015B\u0107 statku oceniono na 120-160 m, a szeroko\u015B\u0107 na ok. 40-50 m, co czyni\u0142oby je najwi\u0119kszymi jednostkami drewnianymi w historii. Krytycy, odwo\u0142uj\u0105c si\u0119 do do\u015Bwiadcze\u0144 ze stumetrowymi okr\u0119tami z XIX w. (jak HMS Orlando), kt\u00F3re wykazywa\u0142y s\u0142abo\u015Bci strukturalne mimo stalowych wzmocnie\u0144, twierdz\u0105, \u017Ce okr\u0119ty skarbowe Zheng He mia\u0142y w rzeczywisto\u015Bci ok. 60 m (co jest por\u00F3wnywaln\u0105 wielko\u015Bci\u0105 do HMS Victory Nelsona). Okr\u0119ty takie, o 5-6 masztach, wyporno\u015Bci ok. 2000 t i zabieraj\u0105ce ok. 500-1000 ludzi by\u0142y opisywane przez podr\u00F3\u017Cnik\u00F3w europejskich jak Marco Polo i Nicolo Da Conti. Nawet te \u201Emniejsze\u201D baochuany by\u0142yby du\u017Co wi\u0119ksze ni\u017C \u00F3wczesne statki europejskie. Baochuany by\u0142y szczytowym osi\u0105gni\u0119ciem chi\u0144skich szkutnik\u00F3w, kt\u00F3rzy budowali wielomasztowe, kilkudziesi\u0119ciometrowe jednostki ju\u017C za czas\u00F3w dynastii Song i Yuan. Okr\u0119ty takie, jak odkryty w 1973 r. wrak z Houzhou k. Quanzhou, by\u0142y szeroko stosowane do cel\u00F3w cywilnych (handel wzd\u0142u\u017C wybrze\u017Cy Chin i z Azj\u0105 P\u0142d.-Wsch.), jak i wojennych. Po zmianie rz\u0105d\u00F3w, flota Zheng He zosta\u0142a rozformowana, okr\u0119ty zniszcza\u0142y, a administracyjny zakaz budowy statk\u00F3w wi\u0119kszych ni\u017C jednomasztowe spowodowa\u0142 utrat\u0119 wiedzy potrzebnej do konstrukcji takich jednostek."@pl . "\u039F \u039A\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5\u03B6\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03A3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u0398\u03B7\u03C3\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03AC\u03BB\u03B1 \u03BE\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BD\u03B1 \u00AB\u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03BD\u00BB (\u039A\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5\u03B6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC: \u5B9D\u8239, \u03C0\u03B1\u03BF\u03C4\u03C3\u03BF\u03C5\u03AC\u03BD), \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03AD\u03C6\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD, \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03AF\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1, \u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B4\u03CE\u03C1\u03B1 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B1\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD \u03C7\u03C9\u03C1\u03CE\u03BD (\u0391\u03C1\u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03B1, \u0399\u03BD\u03B4\u03AF\u03B1, \u0391\u03C6\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BA.\u03AC.) \u03B5\u03BA \u03BC\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039A\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7 \u0394\u03C5\u03BD\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1 \u039C\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 15\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1. \u03A4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03AF\u03BA\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B5 \u03BF \u03BD\u03B1\u03CD\u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03BF\u03C2 \u03A4\u03C3\u03B5\u03BD\u03BA \u03A7\u03B9 (Zheng He). \u03A4\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AC \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD 137 \u03BC\u03AD\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1 \u03BC\u03AE\u03BA\u03BF\u03C2, \u03B4\u03B9\u03C0\u03BB\u03AC\u03C3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03B1\u03BB\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1 \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03AC \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03AD\u03BB\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 16\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 40 \u03BC\u03B5 60% \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03B1\u03BB\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03CC\u03BB\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03AC\u03BB\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C5\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C7\u03C1\u03CC\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03AE\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03C0\u03BB\u03B1\u03BD\u03AE\u03C4\u03B7."@el . "Bateau-tr\u00E9sor"@fr . "Un bateau-tr\u00E9sor (chinois traditionnel : \u5B9D\u8239 ; pinyin : b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) \u00E9tait un type de grande jonque en bois de la flotte du grand amiral chinois Zheng He qui mena sept voyages d'exploration dans l'oc\u00E9an Indien au d\u00E9but du XVe si\u00E8cle, sous la dynastie Ming."@fr . . . "\u039F \u039A\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5\u03B6\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03A3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u0398\u03B7\u03C3\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03AC\u03BB\u03B1 \u03BE\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BD\u03B1 \u00AB\u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03BD\u00BB (\u039A\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5\u03B6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC: \u5B9D\u8239, \u03C0\u03B1\u03BF\u03C4\u03C3\u03BF\u03C5\u03AC\u03BD), \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03AD\u03C6\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD, \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03AF\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1, \u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B4\u03CE\u03C1\u03B1 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B1\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD \u03C7\u03C9\u03C1\u03CE\u03BD (\u0391\u03C1\u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03B1, \u0399\u03BD\u03B4\u03AF\u03B1, \u0391\u03C6\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BA.\u03AC.) \u03B5\u03BA \u03BC\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039A\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7 \u0394\u03C5\u03BD\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1 \u039C\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 15\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1. \u03A4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03AF\u03BA\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B5 \u03BF \u03BD\u03B1\u03CD\u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03BF\u03C2 \u03A4\u03C3\u03B5\u03BD\u03BA \u03A7\u03B9 (Zheng He). \u03A4\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AC \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD 137 \u03BC\u03AD\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1 \u03BC\u03AE\u03BA\u03BF\u03C2, \u03B4\u03B9\u03C0\u03BB\u03AC\u03C3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03B1\u03BB\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1 \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03AC \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03AD\u03BB\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 16\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 40 \u03BC\u03B5 60% \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03B1\u03BB\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03CC\u03BB\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03AC\u03BB\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C5\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C7\u03C1\u03CC\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03AE\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03C0\u03BB\u03B1\u03BD\u03AE\u03C4\u03B7."@el . . "Before 1412"@en . . . . . . . . "Longjiang shipyards, Ming dynasty"@en . . . . "Os Navios de Tesouro (em chin\u00EAs, \u5B9D\u8239, Bao Chuan) foram um tipo de navio de grande porte chin\u00EAs feitos de madeira. Essas embarca\u00E7\u00F5es compunham a frota do almirante Zheng He, que liderou sete expedi\u00E7\u00F5es durante o s\u00E9culo XV. As expedi\u00E7\u00F5es exploraram o Oceano \u00CDndico e Sudeste Asi\u00E1tico, chegando at\u00E9 a costa da Africa Ocidental. De acordo com o cientista, historiador e sinologista brit\u00E2nico Joseph Needham, as dimens\u00F5es do maior desses navios eram 135 metros por 55 metros e eram capazes de transportar duzentas toneladas de carga. Historiadores como Edward L. Dreyer concordam amplamente com as opini\u00F5es de Needham. No entanto, outros historiadores tem d\u00FAvidas sobre o tamanho e as dimens\u00F5es dos navios de tesouro."@pt . . . . "500"^^ . "\u5B9D\u8239 (\u4E2D\u56FD)"@zh . . . . . . . . . . "52607"^^ . . . . . . "Schatzschiff"@de . . . . "Kapal Khazanah Tiongkok atau Kapal Harta Karun Tiongkok (Hanzi: \u5BF6\u8239/\u5B9D\u8239; Pinyin: b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) adalah sebuah jenis kapal kayu besar dalam armada laksamana Cheng Ho (Zheng He), yang memimpin tujuh pelayaran Khazanah pada masa dinasti Ming pada awal abad ke-15. Ukuran kapal harta karun Cina sangat diperdebatkan, sumber-sumber Cina mencatat ukuran 44 zhang atau 44,4 zhang, yang telah ditafsirkan lebih dari 100 m panjangnya. Pada kesempatan Hari Navigasi China pada 11 Juli 2022, direktur Pusat Pertukaran Budaya Internasional Jiangsu, Zhao Zhigang mengklaim bahwa dia telah memecahkan perdebatan perbedaan ukuran, dan menyatakan bahwa kapal terbesar Zheng He adalah sekitar 70 m panjangnya. Argumen lengkap mengenai perbedaan ukuran dibahas di bawah ini."@in . . "Kinesiska skattskepp (kinesiska \u5B9D\u8239 , Pinyin b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) \u00E4r bland de st\u00F6rsta segelfartyg som n\u00E5gonsin byggts. Skattskepp ingick i amiral Zheng Hes expeditioner (1422 \u2013 1434) under Mingdynastin. Dessa fartyg hade en l\u00E4ngd mellan 59 och 84 meter och upp till nio master. Fartygen byggdes p\u00E5 skeppsvarvet Longjiang i Nanjing, huvudstad i Kina (1368\u20131421)."@sv . "\u5B9D\u8239\uFF0C\u53C8\u540D\u5B9D\u821F\uFF0C\u4E3A\u90D1\u548C\u4E0B\u897F\u6D0B\u65F6\u6240\u7528\u8239\u961F\u4E2D\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6D77\u8239\uFF0C\u662F\u90D1\u548C\u8239\u961F\u4E2D\u7684\u4E3B\u529B\u65D7\u8230\u3002\u5B9D\u8239\u7684\u5177\u4F53\u5F62\u5236\u7ED3\u6784\u53CA\u5C3A\u5EA6\u5927\u5C0F\u4E00\u76F4\u5B58\u6709\u4E89\u8BAE\u3002\u4E00\u822C\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5176\u5177\u6709\u591A\u79CD\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u8239\u578B\uFF0C\u5927\u5C0F\u4E5F\u4E0D\u5C3D\u76F8\u540C\uFF0C\u4F46\u5747\u4E3A\u5F53\u65F6\u4E16\u754C\u4E0A\u9996\u5C48\u4E00\u6307\u7684\u5927\u578B\u8230\u8239\uFF0C\u88AB\u63CF\u8FF0\u4E3A\u201C\u4F53\u52BF\u5DCD\u7136\uFF0C\u5DE8\u65E0\u4E0E\u654C\uFF0C\u7BF7\u5E06\u951A\u8235\uFF0C\u975E\u4E8C\u4E09\u767E\u4EBA\u83AB\u80FD\u4E3E\u52A8\u201D, \u822A\u884C\u65F6\u201C\u7EF4\u9500\u6302\u5E2D\uFF0C\u9645\u5929\u800C\u884C\u201D\u3002"@zh . . "Un barco del tesoro (en chino, \u5B9D\u8239; pinyin, b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) es el nombre para un tipo de buque de madera comandado por el almirante chino Zheng He en los siete viajes a principios del siglo XV en la Dinast\u00EDa Ming. Los estudiosos no est\u00E1n de acuerdo acerca de la exactitud de los datos y la interpretaci\u00F3n correcta de las cuentas de los barcos del tesoro. Las supuestas dimensiones de estas naves de 137 m (450 pies) de eslora y 55 m (180 pies) de manga hacen que tengan al menos el doble de eslora que las naves europeas m\u00E1s grandes a finales del siglo XVI, y son un 40% m\u00E1s largas y un 65% m\u00E1s anchas que cualquier otro barco de madera jam\u00E1s construido."@es . . . . . . "1124666115"^^ . "2000"^^ . . "5,000 liao ju bo (lit. giant ship), baochuan (lit. gem ship)"@en . "Barco del tesoro"@es . . "Kapal Khazanah Tiongkok atau Kapal Harta Karun Tiongkok (Hanzi: \u5BF6\u8239/\u5B9D\u8239; Pinyin: b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) adalah sebuah jenis kapal kayu besar dalam armada laksamana Cheng Ho (Zheng He), yang memimpin tujuh pelayaran Khazanah pada masa dinasti Ming pada awal abad ke-15."@in . "b\u01CEochu\u00E1n"@en . . . . . "24"^^ . "Schatzschiffe (chinesisch \u5BF6\u8239 / \u5B9D\u8239, Pinyin b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) geh\u00F6ren zu den gr\u00F6\u00DFten jemals gebauten Segelschiffen und wurden im fr\u00FChen 15. Jahrhundert unter der Herrschaft von Kaiser Yongle in China gebaut. Diese Schiffe waren zwischen 59 und 84 Meter lang und trugen angeblich bis zu 9 Masten."@de . . . . "A Chinese treasure ship (simplified Chinese: \u5B9D\u8239; traditional Chinese: \u5BF6\u8239; pinyin: b\u01CEochu\u00E1n, literally \"gem ship\") is a type of large wooden ship in the fleet of admiral Zheng He, who led seven voyages during the early 15th-century Ming dynasty. The size of Chinese treasure ship has been a subject of debate with the History of Ming recording the size of 44 zhang or 44.4 zhang, which has been interpreted by some as over 100 m (330 ft) in length, while others have stated that Zheng He's largest ship was about 70 m (230 ft) or less in length."@en . . . . . . "Un bateau-tr\u00E9sor (chinois traditionnel : \u5B9D\u8239 ; pinyin : b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) \u00E9tait un type de grande jonque en bois de la flotte du grand amiral chinois Zheng He qui mena sept voyages d'exploration dans l'oc\u00E9an Indien au d\u00E9but du XVe si\u00E8cle, sous la dynastie Ming."@fr . . . . . . "\u5B9D\u8239"@en . . . "Kinesiska skattskepp (kinesiska \u5B9D\u8239 , Pinyin b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) \u00E4r bland de st\u00F6rsta segelfartyg som n\u00E5gonsin byggts. Skattskepp ingick i amiral Zheng Hes expeditioner (1422 \u2013 1434) under Mingdynastin. Dessa fartyg hade en l\u00E4ngd mellan 59 och 84 meter och upp till nio master. Fartygen byggdes p\u00E5 skeppsvarvet Longjiang i Nanjing, huvudstad i Kina (1368\u20131421)."@sv . . . . . . "References: Voyages, tonnages, dimensions"@en . . . . . "*Participated in:\n* Fourth voyage of Zheng He \n* Fifth voyage of Zheng He \n* Sixth voyage of Zheng He \n* Seventh voyage of Zheng He"@en . "Un barco del tesoro (en chino, \u5B9D\u8239; pinyin, b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) es el nombre para un tipo de buque de madera comandado por el almirante chino Zheng He en los siete viajes a principios del siglo XV en la Dinast\u00EDa Ming. Los estudiosos no est\u00E1n de acuerdo acerca de la exactitud de los datos y la interpretaci\u00F3n correcta de las cuentas de los barcos del tesoro."@es . . "A Chinese treasure ship (simplified Chinese: \u5B9D\u8239; traditional Chinese: \u5BF6\u8239; pinyin: b\u01CEochu\u00E1n, literally \"gem ship\") is a type of large wooden ship in the fleet of admiral Zheng He, who led seven voyages during the early 15th-century Ming dynasty. The size of Chinese treasure ship has been a subject of debate with the History of Ming recording the size of 44 zhang or 44.4 zhang, which has been interpreted by some as over 100 m (330 ft) in length, while others have stated that Zheng He's largest ship was about 70 m (230 ft) or less in length."@en . . . . . "800"^^ . . "\u041F\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0444\u043B\u043E\u0442, \u0432\u043E \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043B \u0435\u0432\u043D\u0443\u0445 \u0427\u0436\u044D\u043D \u0425\u044D, \u0431\u044B\u043B \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043D \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0435 XV \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430 \u0432 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0418\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041C\u0438\u043D, \u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043B \u0438\u0437 \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043C 250 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043E\u0432. \u0415\u0441\u043B\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0432 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u043E \u0444\u043B\u043E\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044F \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044F\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043C\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0438\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C \u0441 \u043A\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0435\u0439. \u0424\u043B\u043E\u0442 \u0427\u0436\u044D\u043D \u0425\u044D \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043B 7 \u043F\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u042E\u0433\u043E-\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0410\u0437\u0438\u044E, \u0426\u0435\u0439\u043B\u043E\u043D \u0438 \u042E\u0436\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0418\u043D\u0434\u0438\u044E. \u0412 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043B\u043E\u0442 \u0434\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B \u0434\u043E \u041E\u0440\u043C\u0443\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u044D\u0441\u043A\u0430\u0434\u0440\u044B \u2014 \u0438 \u0434\u043E \u043D\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0435."@ru . "ZhengHeShips.gif"@en . "*Participated in:\n* First voyage of Zheng He \n* Second voyage of Zheng He \n* Third voyage of Zheng He \n* Fourth voyage of Zheng He \n* Fifth voyage of Zheng He \n* Sixth voyage of Zheng He \n* Seventh voyage of Zheng He"@en . "4859904"^^ . . . . . . . . "2,000 liao da bo (lit. large ship), hai po, hai chuan (lit. sea going ship)"@en . . . . . "4"^^ . . . "6"^^ . "Baochuan (chi\u0144. \u5B9D\u8239; pinyin b\u01CEochu\u00E1n; dos\u0142. \u201Eokr\u0119t skarbowy\u201D) \u2013 najwi\u0119ksze z jednostek licz\u0105cej do 300 statk\u00F3w flot chi\u0144skiego admira\u0142a Zheng He, kt\u00F3ry w XV w. odby\u0142 siedem wypraw po Oceanie Indyjskim. Eskadra tych okr\u0119t\u00F3w tworzy\u0142a trzon floty, transportuj\u0105c sztab, g\u0142\u00F3wne zapasy \u017Cywno\u015Bci i najcenniejsze towary."@pl . "1403"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u03A3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u0398\u03B7\u03C3\u03B1\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03BD (\u039A\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1)"@el . . . "60"^^ . . . . . "1860"^^ . "Flat-bottomed ship"@en . . . . "\u041F\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0444\u043B\u043E\u0442, \u0432\u043E \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043B \u0435\u0432\u043D\u0443\u0445 \u0427\u0436\u044D\u043D \u0425\u044D, \u0431\u044B\u043B \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043D \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0435 XV \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430 \u0432 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0418\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041C\u0438\u043D, \u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043B \u0438\u0437 \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043C 250 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043E\u0432. \u0415\u0441\u043B\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0432 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u043E \u0444\u043B\u043E\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044F \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044F\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043C\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0438\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C \u0441 \u043A\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0435\u0439."@ru . . . . "1433"^^ . . "Navio do tesouro"@pt . . . . "Early 17th century Chinese woodblock print, thought to represent Zheng He's ships. The ships are depicted with 7 masts, but only 4 sails used."@en . "5000"^^ . "Os Navios de Tesouro (em chin\u00EAs, \u5B9D\u8239, Bao Chuan) foram um tipo de navio de grande porte chin\u00EAs feitos de madeira. Essas embarca\u00E7\u00F5es compunham a frota do almirante Zheng He, que liderou sete expedi\u00E7\u00F5es durante o s\u00E9culo XV. As expedi\u00E7\u00F5es exploraram o Oceano \u00CDndico e Sudeste Asi\u00E1tico, chegando at\u00E9 a costa da Africa Ocidental."@pt . "ly"@en . "Nave del tesoro"@it . "September 2020"@en . . "Kinesiska skattskepp"@sv . . "1412"^^ . . . . . . . "\u5B9D\u8239\uFF0C\u53C8\u540D\u5B9D\u821F\uFF0C\u4E3A\u90D1\u548C\u4E0B\u897F\u6D0B\u65F6\u6240\u7528\u8239\u961F\u4E2D\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6D77\u8239\uFF0C\u662F\u90D1\u548C\u8239\u961F\u4E2D\u7684\u4E3B\u529B\u65D7\u8230\u3002\u5B9D\u8239\u7684\u5177\u4F53\u5F62\u5236\u7ED3\u6784\u53CA\u5C3A\u5EA6\u5927\u5C0F\u4E00\u76F4\u5B58\u6709\u4E89\u8BAE\u3002\u4E00\u822C\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5176\u5177\u6709\u591A\u79CD\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u8239\u578B\uFF0C\u5927\u5C0F\u4E5F\u4E0D\u5C3D\u76F8\u540C\uFF0C\u4F46\u5747\u4E3A\u5F53\u65F6\u4E16\u754C\u4E0A\u9996\u5C48\u4E00\u6307\u7684\u5927\u578B\u8230\u8239\uFF0C\u88AB\u63CF\u8FF0\u4E3A\u201C\u4F53\u52BF\u5DCD\u7136\uFF0C\u5DE8\u65E0\u4E0E\u654C\uFF0C\u7BF7\u5E06\u951A\u8235\uFF0C\u975E\u4E8C\u4E09\u767E\u4EBA\u83AB\u80FD\u4E3E\u52A8\u201D, \u822A\u884C\u65F6\u201C\u7EF4\u9500\u6302\u5E2D\uFF0C\u9645\u5929\u800C\u884C\u201D\u3002"@zh . . . "Lo\u010Fstvo \u010Ceng Chea byl svaz snad a\u017E 250 lod\u00ED sestaven\u00FD po\u010D\u00E1tkem 15. stolet\u00ED v \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161i Ming. Za vl\u00E1dy c\u00EDsa\u0159\u016F Jung-leho a S\u00FCan-teho, pod veden\u00EDm \u010Ceng Chea, uskute\u010Dnilo sedm plaveb z \u0159\u00ED\u0161e Ming (jak se tehdy naz\u00FDvala \u010C\u00EDna) do jihov\u00FDchodn\u00ED Asie, na Cejlon a do ji\u017En\u00ED Indie. P\u0159i n\u011Bkter\u00FDch v\u00FDprav\u00E1ch doplulo a\u017E do Hormuzu v Persii, samostatn\u00E9 eskadry dorazily do p\u0159\u00EDstav\u016F Ar\u00E1bie a v\u00FDchodn\u00ED Afriky."@cs . . . "Kapal khazanah Tiongkok"@in . . . . . . . . . . . "1405"^^ . "Lo\u010Fstvo \u010Ceng Chea byl svaz snad a\u017E 250 lod\u00ED sestaven\u00FD po\u010D\u00E1tkem 15. stolet\u00ED v \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161i Ming. Za vl\u00E1dy c\u00EDsa\u0159\u016F Jung-leho a S\u00FCan-teho, pod veden\u00EDm \u010Ceng Chea, uskute\u010Dnilo sedm plaveb z \u0159\u00ED\u0161e Ming (jak se tehdy naz\u00FDvala \u010C\u00EDna) do jihov\u00FDchodn\u00ED Asie, na Cejlon a do ji\u017En\u00ED Indie. P\u0159i n\u011Bkter\u00FDch v\u00FDprav\u00E1ch doplulo a\u017E do Hormuzu v Persii, samostatn\u00E9 eskadry dorazily do p\u0159\u00EDstav\u016F Ar\u00E1bie a v\u00FDchodn\u00ED Afriky. Lze-li v\u011B\u0159it \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00FDm pramen\u016Fm 16. a 17. stolet\u00ED, nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00ED plavidla lo\u010Fstva, takzvan\u00E9 \u201Elod\u011B poklad\u016F\u201C, velikost\u00ED vysoce p\u0159evy\u0161ovaly d\u0159ev\u011Bn\u00E9 plachetn\u00ED lod\u011B postaven\u00E9 v Evrop\u011B v dob\u011B rozkv\u011Btu stavby d\u0159ev\u011Bn\u00FDch plachetnic v 18. a na po\u010D\u00E1tku 19. stolet\u00ED, a byla srovnateln\u00E1 s nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00EDmi kdy existuj\u00EDc\u00EDmi plachetn\u00EDmi lod\u011Bmi. Soudob\u00E9 prameny ani hmotn\u00E9 d\u016Fkazy v\u0161ak ob\u0159\u00ED velikost nepotvrzuj\u00ED, proto diskuse o velikosti lod\u00ED poklad\u016F trv\u00E1."@cs . "Baochuan"@pl . "3100"^^ . "References: Tonnages, dimensions"@en . . . . . . . "La nave del tesoro (in cinese: \u5BF6\u8239/\u5B9D\u8239; trascrizione: b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) fu un peculiare tipo di vascello ligneo facente parte della flotta dell'ammiraglio cinese Zheng He, che guid\u00F2 sette spedizioni agli inizi del XV secolo, durante la dinastia Ming. Incisione cinese del XVII secolo, rappresentante una delle navi di Zhang He. Queste navi divennero famose per le loro notevoli dimensioni, specie considerando che si trattava di vascelli di legno: le maggiori avrebbero avuto una lunghezza di 137 metri ed una larghezza di 55 metri, ovvero almeno il doppio dei contemporanei vascelli europei. Lo storico e sinologo britannico Joseph Needham afferm\u00F2 nella sua opera \"Science and Civilisation in China\" che le navi fossero lunghe tra i 120 e i 180 metri \u2014 quindi pi\u00F9 grandi della Tessarakonteres, una nave greca del III\u00B0 secolo A.C., che stando alle fonti misurava 128 metri. Queste dimensioni sono state a lungo dibattute sia per quanto concerne l'affidabilit\u00E0 delle fonti, sia in ambito ingegneristico; alcuni esperti hanno affermato che le navi difficilmente avrebbero potuto superare i 61\u201376 metri o che eventualmente esse potessero essere state usate solo nelle acque relativamente calme del Fiume Azzurro. Sebbene un presunto timone di una nave del tesoro sia stato ritrovato nei pressi di Nanchino, le sue dimensioni sarebbero comparabili a quelli utilizzati in alcune navi mercantili degli anni '30 lunghe 60 metri."@it . "Lo\u010Fstvo \u010Ceng Chea"@cs . "Schatzschiffe (chinesisch \u5BF6\u8239 / \u5B9D\u8239, Pinyin b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) geh\u00F6ren zu den gr\u00F6\u00DFten jemals gebauten Segelschiffen und wurden im fr\u00FChen 15. Jahrhundert unter der Herrschaft von Kaiser Yongle in China gebaut. Diese Schiffe waren zwischen 59 und 84 Meter lang und trugen angeblich bis zu 9 Masten."@de . . . . . . "\u5BF6\u8239"@en . . . . . . . . . "\u0424\u043B\u043E\u0442 \u0427\u0436\u044D\u043D \u0425\u044D"@ru . . . . "Chinese treasure ship"@en . . "Schatschip"@nl . . . . "La nave del tesoro (in cinese: \u5BF6\u8239/\u5B9D\u8239; trascrizione: b\u01CEochu\u00E1n) fu un peculiare tipo di vascello ligneo facente parte della flotta dell'ammiraglio cinese Zheng He, che guid\u00F2 sette spedizioni agli inizi del XV secolo, durante la dinastia Ming. Incisione cinese del XVII secolo, rappresentante una delle navi di Zhang He."@it . . . . . . .