. . "Genosida Adighe"@in . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0633"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "seems to refer to the immediately preceding ref which is a website, but websites don't have page numbers. Best to replace this brittle \"ibid.\" with a named ref plus use of Template:Rp"@en . . . . "Circassia under Russian invasion"@en . . . . . . . . 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"Painting depicting Circassians trying to evacuate their town in order to avoid Russian aggression"@en . "Genosida Adighe merujuk pada emigrasi dan pengusiran etnis Adighe secara besar-besaran dari Sirkasia pada akhir abad ke-19. Etnis Adighe merupakan penduduk asli yang beragama Islam di wilayah Sirkasia, dan mereka diberangus dari tanah air mereka setelah Rusia berhasil memenangkan Perang Rusia-Circassia. Pengusiran dilancarkan sebelum perang berakhir pada tahun 1864, dan diselesaikan pada tahun 1867. Etnis-etnis yang terusir tidak hanya etnis Adighe, tetapi juga , Abkhaz, dan ."@in . . . "Pojem etnick\u00E1 \u010Distka \u010Cerkes\u016F se vztahuje k vys\u00EDdlen\u00ED, rozpt\u00FDlen\u00ED a vyhn\u00E1n\u00ED v\u011Bt\u0161iny domorod\u00FDch \u010Cerkes\u016F carsk\u00FDm Ruskem z historick\u00E9ho \u00FAzem\u00ED \u010Cerkeska, kter\u00E9 zahrnovalo podstatnou \u010D\u00E1st severn\u00EDho Kavkazu a severov\u00FDchodn\u00EDho pob\u0159e\u017E\u00ED \u010Cern\u00E9ho mo\u0159e. K t\u011Bmto ud\u00E1lostem do\u0161lo v posledn\u00ED \u010Dtvrtin\u011B 19. stolet\u00ED v r\u00E1mci dohry kavkazsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky. Vys\u00EDdlen\u00ED obyvatel\u00E9 odch\u00E1zeli p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm do Osmansk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e a v men\u0161\u00ED m\u00ED\u0159e do kad\u017E\u00E1rovsk\u00E9 Persie. Ve stejn\u00E9m obdob\u00ED bylo k odchodu do Osmansk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e nebo kad\u017E\u00E1rovsk\u00E9 Persie p\u0159inuceno tak\u00E9 mnoho dal\u0161\u00EDch kavkazsk\u00FDch muslimsk\u00FDch etnick\u00FDch skupin."@cs . . . . . "\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA\u8650\u6BBA (\u82F1:Circassian genocide) \u306F\u3001\u5317\u30B3\u30FC\u30AB\u30B5\u30B9\u306E\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u3068\u9ED2\u6D77\u306E\u5317\u6771\u5CB8\u3092\u5927\u307E\u304B\u306B\u56F2\u3080\u3088\u3046\u306B\u5C45\u4F4F\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305F\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA\u3078\u306E\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u5E1D\u56FD\u306E\u7D44\u7E54\u7684\u306A\u5927\u91CF\u6BBA\u622E \u6C11\u65CF\u6D44\u5316 \u304A\u3088\u3073\u8FFD\u653E \u3057\u3001800,000\u301C1,500,000\u4EBA\u306E\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA \uFF08\u7DCF\u4EBA\u53E3\u306E\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u308275\uFF05\uFF09\u306E\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B7\u30A2\u304B\u3089\u306E\u8FFD\u653E\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306F\u300119\u4E16\u7D00\u5F8C\u534A\u306E\u30B3\u30FC\u30AB\u30B5\u30B9\u6226\u4E89\u306E\u4F59\u6CE2\u3067\u767A\u751F\u3057\u305F\u3002\u907F\u96E3\u6C11\u306F\u4E3B\u306B\u30AA\u30B9\u30DE\u30F3\u5E1D\u56FD\u306B\u79FB\u4F4F\u3057\u305F\u3002\u4E8B\u4EF6\u306E\u9593\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u8ECD\u3068\u30B3\u30B5\u30C3\u30AF\u8ECD\u306F\u3001\u598A\u5A20\u4E2D\u306E\u5973\u6027\u306E\u8179\u3092\u5F15\u304D\u88C2\u3044\u305F\u308A\u3001\u4E2D\u306E\u8D64\u3061\u3083\u3093\u3092\u9023\u308C\u53BB\u3063\u305F\u308A\u3001\u8D64\u3061\u3083\u3093\u3092\u72AC\u306B\u4E0E\u3048\u305F\u308A\u3059\u308B\u306A\u3069\u3001\u3055\u307E\u3056\u307E\u306A\u6B8B\u5FCD\u306A\u65B9\u6CD5\u3092\u4F7F\u3063\u3066\u697D\u3057\u3093\u3060\u3068\u8A18\u9332\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u30B0\u30EA\u30B4\u30EA\u30FC\u30FB\u30B6\u30B9\u306A\u3069\u306E\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u306E\u5C06\u8ECD\u306F\u3001\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA\u3092\u300C\u4EBA\u9593\u4EE5\u4E0B\u306E\u6C5A\u7269\u300D\u3068\u8868\u73FE\u3057\u3001\u5F7C\u3089\u306E\u6BBA\u5BB3\u3068\u79D1\u5B66\u5B9F\u9A13\u3067\u306E\u4F7F\u7528\u3092\u6B63\u5F53\u5316\u3057\u305F\u3002 \u5F7C\u3089\u306E\u6545\u90F7\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B7\u30A2\u306F\u3001\u5927\u307E\u304B\u306B\u5317\u30B3\u30FC\u30AB\u30B5\u30B9\u306E\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u3068\u9ED2\u6D77\u306E\u5317\u6771\u5CB8\u3067\u3042\u308B \u3002\u3053\u306E\u5730\u57DF\u306E\u5148\u4F4F\u6C11\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA\u306F\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u30FB\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u6226\u4E89\u306E\u7D42\u308F\u308A\u306B\u5F7C\u3089\u306E\u7956\u56FD\u304B\u3089\u6C11\u65CF\u6D44\u5316\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002\u8FFD\u653E\u306F1864\u5E74\u306E\u7D42\u6226\u524D\u306B\u958B\u59CB\u3055\u308C\u30011867\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u306B\u307B\u307C\u5B8C\u4E86\u3057\u305F\u3002\u6392\u9664\u304C\u8A08\u753B\u3055\u308C\u305F\u4EBA\u3005\u306F\u4E3B\u306B\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA\uFF08\u307E\u305F\u306F\u30A2\u30C7\u30A3\u30B2\u4EBA\uFF09\u3001\u30A6\u30D3\u30D5\u4EBA\u3001\u30A2\u30D0\u30B6\u4EBA\u3060\u3063\u305F\u304C\u3001\u30A2\u30D6\u30CF\u30BA\u4EBA\u3001\u3001\u30C1\u30A7\u30C1\u30A7\u30F3\u4EBA\u3001\u30AA\u30BB\u30C3\u30C8\u4EBA\u3082\u5927\u304D\u306A\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u305F\u3002\u30B3\u30FC\u30AB\u30B5\u30B9\u306E\u4ED6\u306E\u4EBA\u3005\u3082\u3001\u30A2\u30F4\u30A1\u30FC\u30EB\u4EBA\u3084\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30FC\u30B7\u4EBA\u306A\u3069\u306E\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u305F\u3002 \u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u305F\u4EBA\u306E\u6B63\u78BA\u306A\u6570\u306F\u4E0D\u660E\u3060\u304C\u3001\u7814\u7A76\u8005\u306F\u30B5\u30FC\u30AB\u30B7\u30A2\u30F3\u4EBA\u53E3\u306E\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u308275\uFF05\u300190\uFF05\u300194\uFF05\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F95\u301C97\uFF05\u304C\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793A\u5506\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u3089\u306E\u7387\u3092\u8003\u616E\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3001\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u308B\u4EBA\u3005\u306E\u6570\u306F60\u4E07\u4EBA\u304B\u3089150\u4E07\u4EBA\u306E\u9593\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . "De Circassische genocide was de etnische zuivering en deportatie van naar schatting 1,5 miljoen Circassi\u00EBrs tussen 1864 en 1867 in het Russische Rijk."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Circassian genocide"@en . "The Circassian genocide,[[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|page needed]]]_3-0\" class=\"reference\"> or Tsitsekun, was the Russian Empire's systematic mass murder, ethnic cleansing, and expulsion of 80\u201397%[[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|page needed]]]_3-1\" class=\"reference\"> of the Circassian population, around 800,000\u20131,500,000 people,[[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|page needed]]]_3-2\" class=\"reference\"> during and after the Russo-Circassian War (1763\u20131864). The peoples planned for removal were mainly the Circassians, but other Muslim peoples of the Caucasus were also affected. Several methods used by Russian forces such as impaling and tearing the bellies of pregnant women were reported. Russian generals such as Grigory Zass described the Circassians as \"subhuman filth\", and glorified the mass murder of Circassian civilians, justified their use in scientific experiments, and allowed their soldiers to rape women. During the Russo-Circassian War, the Russian Empire employed a genocidal strategy of massacring Circassian civilians. Only a small percentage who accepted Russification and resettlement within the Russian Empire were completely spared. The remaining Circassian population who refused were variously dispersed or killed en masse. Circassian villages would be located and burnt, systematically starved, or their entire population massacred.[[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|page needed]]]_3-3\" class=\"reference\"> Leo Tolstoy reported that Russian soldiers would attack village houses at night. William Palgrave, a British diplomat who witnessed the events, adds that \"their only crime was not being Russian\". In 1864, \"A Petition from Circassian leaders to Her Majesty Queen Victoria\" was signed by the Circassians requesting humanitarian aid from the British Empire. In the same year, mass deportation was launched against the surviving population before the end of the war in 1864 and it was mostly completed by 1867. Some died from epidemics or starvation among the crowds of deportees and were reportedly eaten by dogs after their death. Others died when the ships underway sank during storms. Calculations, including taking into account the Russian government's own archival figures, have estimated a loss of 80\u201397% of the Circassian population in the process. The displaced people were settled primarily to the Ottoman Empire. Sources state that as many as 1 to 1.5 million Circassians were forced to flee in total, but only half could make it to land. Ottoman archives show nearly 1 million migrants entering their land from the Caucasus by 1879, with nearly half of them dying on the shores as a result of diseases. If Ottoman archives are correct, it would make it the biggest genocide of the 19th century, and indeed, in support of the Ottoman archives, the Russian census of 1897 records only 150,000 Circassians, one tenth of the original number, still remaining in the now-conquered region. As of 2021, Georgia was the only country to recognize the Circassian genocide. Russia actively denies the Circassian genocide, and classifies the events as a migration (Russian: \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043C\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E, lit.\u2009'Circassian migrationism'). Some Russian nationalists in the Caucasus region continue to celebrate the day when the Circassian deportation was launched, 21 May (O.S), each year as a \"holy conquest day\". Circassians commemorate 21 May every year as the Circassian Day of Mourning commemorating the Circassian genocide. On 21 May, Circassians all over the world protest against the Russian government, especially in cities with large Circassian populations such as Kayseri and Amman, as well as other large cities such as Istanbul."@en . . . . . . . "-1870.0"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "Circassische genocide"@nl . . . . . . "1124880235"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The savages panicked and started fleeing from their homes, leaving their weapons behind attempting to escape to the forest but most of them were killed by the Cossacks ... with the soldiers lined up ready to fight, the cleansing continued with artillery shells, and I sent there two infantry brigades, but they could only capture 11 more people, and since the fire was in flames in many places, the rest were either killed or burned after attempting to escape by hiding on the roofs of their homes or by the manure. So like this, we destroyed and destructed the neighborhood."@en . . . . "Ivan Petrovich Delpotso"@en . . . . . . . . . . "300"^^ . . . . "\u0413\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0301\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0301\u0441\u0456\u0432 \u2014 \u0432\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0456\u0432 \u0420\u043E\u0441\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0454\u044E \u043D\u0430 \u041A\u0430\u0432\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0443 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0456 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u041A\u0430\u0432\u043A\u0430\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438 1763\u20141864 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432, \u0448\u043B\u044F\u0445\u043E\u043C \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0456\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0446\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0437 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0456\u0457. \u0411\u043B\u0438\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E 90 % \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043D\u043E \u0437 \u0457\u0445\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043D\u0438 \u0432\u043D\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043A \u0431\u043E\u0439\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u0456 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u044C. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043B\u043E\u044F\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0434\u043E \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438: \u043C\u043E\u0441\u043A\u0432\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0433\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0432\u0456\u0440\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u0429\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 21 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0434\u0435\u043D\u044C \u043F\u0430\u043C'\u044F\u0442\u0456 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0443."@uk . . . . . . "Ludob\u00F3jstwo Czerkies\u00F3w \u2013 ludob\u00F3jstwo pope\u0142nione na narodzie czerkieskim przez carsk\u0105 Rosj\u0119 w XIX wieku. Wed\u0142ug niekt\u00F3rych badaczy by\u0142o ono najwi\u0119kszym ludob\u00F3jstwem XIX wieku."@pl . . . . . "\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043C\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E (\u043A\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434.-\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043A. \u0410\u0434\u044B\u0433\u044D\u043C \u044F \u043B\u044A\u044D\u043F\u043A\u044A\u0433\u044A\u044D\u043A\u04CF\u0443\u044D\u0434), \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0434 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u043E\u0432, \u2014 \u043C\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 (\u043C\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E) \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430 (\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0430\u0431\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432 \u2014 \u0430\u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043D, \u0430\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u0443\u0431\u044B\u0445\u043E\u0432) \u0432\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u043E\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u041A\u0430\u0432\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u0432 \u041E\u0441\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044E, \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u0420\u043E\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438."@ru . . . . . . . . . "This time, I am limiting myself on this. In the future, I will have no mercy for the guilty brigands; their villages will be destroyed, properties taken, wives and children will be slaughtered."@en . . "Circassian genocide"@en . "De Circassische genocide was de etnische zuivering en deportatie van naar schatting 1,5 miljoen Circassi\u00EBrs tussen 1864 en 1867 in het Russische Rijk."@nl . . . . . . . . "--04-07"^^ . . . . . "O Genoc\u00EDdio Circassiano foi um massacre \u00E9tnico que aconteceu em 21 de maio de 1864, completou 150 anos em 2014. De acordo com o Instituto Cultural Circassiano, de 1 milh\u00E3o a 1,5 milh\u00E3o de circassianos foram mortos e outro milh\u00E3o foi deportado. A di\u00E1spora circassiana \u00E9 a maior do mundo, com 86% de toda a popula\u00E7\u00E3o vivendo no ex\u00EDlio, em v\u00E1rios pa\u00EDses. O territ\u00F3rio original da Circassia foi dividido em tr\u00EAs partes (Carachai-Circ\u00E1ssia, Rep\u00FAblica Adigueia e Cabardino-Balc\u00E1ria). Apesar de ser considerado o primeiro genoc\u00EDdio da Idade contempor\u00E2nea, por ter acontecido na segunda metade do s\u00E9culo XIX, s\u00F3 recebeu reconhecimento formal de um \u00FAnico governo em todo o mundo at\u00E9 hoje; o governo da Ge\u00F3rgia.O evento foi resultado da Guerra Russo-Circassiana e ocorreu em Sochi, local escolhido para as Olimp\u00EDadas de Inverno de 2014, na R\u00FAssia; provocando v\u00E1rios protestos ao redor do mundo contra o evento esportivo. 2014 n\u00E3o s\u00F3 \u00E9 o anivers\u00E1rio de 150 anos do Genoc\u00EDdio Circassiano, como tamb\u00E9m a v\u00E9spera do centen\u00E1rio do Genoc\u00EDdio arm\u00EAnio/ Genoc\u00EDdio ass\u00EDrio/ Genoc\u00EDdio grego que ocorreu em 1915 no Imp\u00E9rio Otomano. Sendo a R\u00FAssia e a Turquia, inimigos hist\u00F3ricos, os supostos aliados de um pa\u00EDs s\u00E3o as v\u00EDtimas do outro pa\u00EDs. Ass\u00EDrios e arm\u00EAnios massacrados pelos turcos buscaram ref\u00FAgio na R\u00FAssia; enquanto mu\u00E7ulmanos do C\u00E1ucaso (sobretudo Chechenos e circassianos) constitu\u00EDram uma vasta comunidade na Turquia. Em 2014, comunidades de arm\u00EAnios e circassianos nos Estados Unidos deixaram essas diferen\u00E7as de lado e se comprometeram a trabalhar juntos pelo reconhecimento de ambos genoc\u00EDdios. Outra interessante coincid\u00EAncia que entrela\u00E7a os circassianos a outro povo \u00E9 o anivers\u00E1rio de 700 da independ\u00EAncia escocesa que ocorreu na \u00E9poca de William Wallace, em 1314, depois da vit\u00F3ria na Batalha de Bannockburn; celebrado com um referendo pela independ\u00EAncia da Esc\u00F3cia. A liga\u00E7\u00E3o entre os dois pa\u00EDses vai al\u00E9m da bandeira circassiana ter sido desenvolvida por um diplomata escoc\u00EAs, e envolve algumas semelhan\u00E7as culturais, inclusive de dan\u00E7as como a dan\u00E7a escocesa curiosamente chamada de c\u00EDrculo circassiano. Um trecho traduzido da segunda p\u00E1gina do \u00FAnico livro inteiramente dedicado a essa trag\u00E9dia: O oficial russo IvanDrozdov descreveu a cena ao redor de Sochi enquanto os russos estavamcelebrando: \u201CNa estrada nossos olhos encontraram uma imagematordoante: corpos de mulheres, crian\u00E7as e idosos, esquartejados e parcialmente devorados por c\u00E3es. Deportados abatidos por fome e doen\u00E7as, quase fracos demais para movimentar as pernas, colapsando de exaust\u00E3o e se tornando presas para c\u00E3es enquanto ainda vivos.\u201D Em 1869 Qbaada foi estabelecida por imigrantes russos e renomeada Krasnaya Polyana (Campina Vermelha), uma refer\u00EAncia a todo o sangue derramado no campo durante a batalha final. Outra cena grotesca \u00E9 descrita no livro do historiador gal\u00EAs Oliver Bullough Let Our Fame Be Great: Journeys Among the Defiant People of the Caucasus e outros jornalistas: cabe\u00E7as de circassianos derrotados na guerra sendo coletadas como trof\u00E9us.<"@pt . . . . . "Muhayir es el nombre con el que se conoce al genocidio y posterior \u00E9xodo de muchos pueblos aut\u00F3ctonos del noroeste del C\u00E1ucaso que fueron forzados a emigrar a finales de la Guerra ruso-circasiana, y en general, de la Guerra del C\u00E1ucaso, en la que el Imperio ruso sali\u00F3 victorioso. Se estima en 625,000 el n\u00FAmero de fallecidos durante las operaciones militares rusas.\u200B El \u00E9xodo se inici\u00F3 incluso antes del fin de la guerra en 1864 y continu\u00F3 hasta la d\u00E9cada de 1870, aunque estaba casi completamente culminado para 1867. Los pueblos afectados, principalmente circasianos (Adigu\u00E9 en su propio idioma), los ubijos, abjasios y abasios, eran mayoritariamente o casi predominantemente musulmanes. Por ello, el t\u00E9rmino Mujadzhirstvo/\u043C\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E (o majadzhirstvo/\u043C\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E) se usa en la historiograf\u00EDa en"@es . "Le terme moderne nettoyage ethnique des Circassiens, \u00E9galement qualifi\u00E9 de d\u00E9portation d\u00E9signe l'expulsion des Circassiens de la Circassie historique, soit approximativement la majeure partie de la Ciscaucasie au nord-est de la mer Noire, vers l'Empire ottoman et dans une moindre mesure vers la Perse Kadjare \u00E0 la suite de la guerre du Caucase, gagn\u00E9e par l'Empire russe qui les rempla\u00E7a par les cosaques du Kouban et du Terek."@fr . . . . . . . . "6710001"^^ . . . . "136070"^^ . . "Genocidio circasso"@it . "Nettoyage ethnique des Circassiens"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . "Il genocidio circasso (in adyghe: \u0410\u0434\u044B\u0433\u044D \u043B\u044A\u044D\u043F\u043A\u044A\u0433\u044A\u044D\u043A\u04CF\u043E\u0434, romanizzato: Ad\u0131g\u0259 tl\u0259pq\u011F\u0259k'od; in cabardo: \u0410\u0434\u044B\u0433\u044D \u043B\u044A\u044D\u043F\u043A\u044A\u0433\u044A\u044D\u043AI\u0443\u044D\u0434, romanizzato: Ad\u0131g\u0259 tl\u0259pq\u011F\u0259k'w\u0259d; in russo: \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043C\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E?, letteralmente \"Migrazione dei circassi\") \u00E8 stata la pulizia etnica, l'uccisione, la migrazione forzata ed espulsione attuata dall'Impero russo, tra il 1830 e il 1870, nei confronti della maggioranza dei Circassi dalla loro terra storica, la Circassia, che corrisponde alla grande parte del Caucaso settentrionale e alla costa nord-est del Mar Nero. Alcune stime contano tra gli 800.000 e i 1.500.000 circassi uccisi o deportati durante l'invasione russa. A causa della fede musulmana della maggior parte dei popoli che hanno sofferto il genocidio circasso, molte volte l'evento di migrazione scaturito si conos"@it . . . . "\u5207\u723E\u514B\u65AF\u6C11\u65CF\u6E05\u6D17\uFF0C\u662F19\u4E16\u7D00\u5F8C\u671F\u9AD8\u52A0\u7D22\u6230\u722D\u5F8C\u4FC4\u7F85\u65AF\u5E1D\u570B\u5C0D\u9ED1\u6D77\u897F\u5317\u5CB8\u5207\u723E\u5361\u65AF\u4E9E\u5730\u5340\u7684\u571F\u8457\u5207\u723E\u514B\u65AF\u4EBA\u9032\u884C\u9A45\u9010\u7684\u4E8B\u4EF6\u3002\u9A45\u9010\u662F\u57281864\u5E74\u6230\u722D\u7D50\u675F\u524D\u958B\u59CB\uFF0C1867\u5E74\u5B8C\u6210\u3002 \u9019\u6B21\u9A45\u9010\u6D89\u53CA\u7684\u4EBA\u6578\u4E0D\u8A73\uFF0C\u4E5F\u8A31\u5E7E\u5341\u842C\u3002\u4FC4\u7F85\u65AF\u8ECD\u968A\u570D\u6355\u5207\u723E\u514B\u65AF\u4EBA\u628A\u4ED6\u5011\u5F9E\u6751\u838A\u62BC\u5230\u9ED1\u6D77\u908A\uFF0C\u9001\u5230\u5967\u65AF\u66FC\u5E1D\u570B\u3002\u9A45\u9010\u7684\u539F\u56E0\u662F\u571F\u5730\u554F\u984C\uFF0C\u53EA\u6709\u4E00\u5C0F\u90E8\u5206\u5207\u723E\u514B\u65AF\u4EBA\u63A5\u53D7\u4FC4\u7F85\u65AF\u5E1D\u570B\u7684\u5B89\u7F6E\u3002\u5207\u723E\u514B\u65AF\u4EBA\u53E3\u56E0\u6B64\u88AB\u5404\u7A2E\u5404\u6A23\u5206\u6563\u5B89\u7F6E\uFF0C\u6216\u5728\u67D0\u4E9B\u60C5\u6CC1\u4E0B\u96C6\u9AD4\u8655\u6C7A\u3002\u6839\u64DA\u4FC4\u7F85\u65AF\u653F\u5E9C\u516C\u958B\u81EA\u5DF1\u6578\u5B57\u7684\u6642\u5019\uFF0C\u53D7\u5F71\u97FF\u7684\u4EBA\u6C11\u7D0490\uFF05\u88AB\u9A45\u9010\u51FA\u5883\u3002 \u4ED6\u5011\u5927\u591A\u53BB\u5230\u5967\u65AF\u66FC\u5E1D\u570B\u3002\u4F46\u5967\u65AF\u66FC\u7576\u5C40\u672A\u80FD\u7D66\u65B0\u4F86\u8005\u63D0\u4F9B\u7684\u4EFB\u4F55\u652F\u6301\u3002\u4ED6\u5011\u5B9A\u5C45\u5728\u5B89\u7D0D\u6258\u5229\u4E9E\u5167\u7684\u8352\u6DBC\u7684\u5C71\u5340\u548C\u88AB\u50F1\u7528\u4F5C\u5974\u50D5\u548C\u8F9B\u82E6\u7684\u5DE5\u4F5C\u3002\u53E6\u4E00\u4E9B\u5247\u53BB\u5230\u5361\u624E\u723E\u738B\u671D\u7D71\u6CBB\u4E0B\u7684\u4F0A\u6717\u3002"@zh . . . . "Circassian population remaining in Circassia after the genocide. After the genocide, only those who were forced into exile, those who were hiding in marshes and caves, and, in rare cases, those who could make agreements with the Russians survived."@en . . . . . . . . . . "\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA\u8650\u6BBA (\u82F1:Circassian genocide) \u306F\u3001\u5317\u30B3\u30FC\u30AB\u30B5\u30B9\u306E\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u3068\u9ED2\u6D77\u306E\u5317\u6771\u5CB8\u3092\u5927\u307E\u304B\u306B\u56F2\u3080\u3088\u3046\u306B\u5C45\u4F4F\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305F\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA\u3078\u306E\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u5E1D\u56FD\u306E\u7D44\u7E54\u7684\u306A\u5927\u91CF\u6BBA\u622E \u6C11\u65CF\u6D44\u5316 \u304A\u3088\u3073\u8FFD\u653E \u3057\u3001800,000\u301C1,500,000\u4EBA\u306E\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA \uFF08\u7DCF\u4EBA\u53E3\u306E\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u308275\uFF05\uFF09\u306E\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B7\u30A2\u304B\u3089\u306E\u8FFD\u653E\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306F\u300119\u4E16\u7D00\u5F8C\u534A\u306E\u30B3\u30FC\u30AB\u30B5\u30B9\u6226\u4E89\u306E\u4F59\u6CE2\u3067\u767A\u751F\u3057\u305F\u3002\u907F\u96E3\u6C11\u306F\u4E3B\u306B\u30AA\u30B9\u30DE\u30F3\u5E1D\u56FD\u306B\u79FB\u4F4F\u3057\u305F\u3002\u4E8B\u4EF6\u306E\u9593\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u8ECD\u3068\u30B3\u30B5\u30C3\u30AF\u8ECD\u306F\u3001\u598A\u5A20\u4E2D\u306E\u5973\u6027\u306E\u8179\u3092\u5F15\u304D\u88C2\u3044\u305F\u308A\u3001\u4E2D\u306E\u8D64\u3061\u3083\u3093\u3092\u9023\u308C\u53BB\u3063\u305F\u308A\u3001\u8D64\u3061\u3083\u3093\u3092\u72AC\u306B\u4E0E\u3048\u305F\u308A\u3059\u308B\u306A\u3069\u3001\u3055\u307E\u3056\u307E\u306A\u6B8B\u5FCD\u306A\u65B9\u6CD5\u3092\u4F7F\u3063\u3066\u697D\u3057\u3093\u3060\u3068\u8A18\u9332\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u30B0\u30EA\u30B4\u30EA\u30FC\u30FB\u30B6\u30B9\u306A\u3069\u306E\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u306E\u5C06\u8ECD\u306F\u3001\u30C1\u30A7\u30EB\u30B1\u30B9\u4EBA\u3092\u300C\u4EBA\u9593\u4EE5\u4E0B\u306E\u6C5A\u7269\u300D\u3068\u8868\u73FE\u3057\u3001\u5F7C\u3089\u306E\u6BBA\u5BB3\u3068\u79D1\u5B66\u5B9F\u9A13\u3067\u306E\u4F7F\u7528\u3092\u6B63\u5F53\u5316\u3057\u305F\u3002 \u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u305F\u4EBA\u306E\u6B63\u78BA\u306A\u6570\u306F\u4E0D\u660E\u3060\u304C\u3001\u7814\u7A76\u8005\u306F\u30B5\u30FC\u30AB\u30B7\u30A2\u30F3\u4EBA\u53E3\u306E\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u308275\uFF05\u300190\uFF05\u300194\uFF05\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F95\u301C97\uFF05\u304C\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793A\u5506\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u3089\u306E\u7387\u3092\u8003\u616E\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3001\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53D7\u3051\u308B\u4EBA\u3005\u306E\u6570\u306F60\u4E07\u4EBA\u304B\u3089150\u4E07\u4EBA\u306E\u9593\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . "Il genocidio circasso (in adyghe: \u0410\u0434\u044B\u0433\u044D \u043B\u044A\u044D\u043F\u043A\u044A\u0433\u044A\u044D\u043A\u04CF\u043E\u0434, romanizzato: Ad\u0131g\u0259 tl\u0259pq\u011F\u0259k'od; in cabardo: \u0410\u0434\u044B\u0433\u044D \u043B\u044A\u044D\u043F\u043A\u044A\u0433\u044A\u044D\u043AI\u0443\u044D\u0434, romanizzato: Ad\u0131g\u0259 tl\u0259pq\u011F\u0259k'w\u0259d; in russo: \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043C\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E?, letteralmente \"Migrazione dei circassi\") \u00E8 stata la pulizia etnica, l'uccisione, la migrazione forzata ed espulsione attuata dall'Impero russo, tra il 1830 e il 1870, nei confronti della maggioranza dei Circassi dalla loro terra storica, la Circassia, che corrisponde alla grande parte del Caucaso settentrionale e alla costa nord-est del Mar Nero. Alcune stime contano tra gli 800.000 e i 1.500.000 circassi uccisi o deportati durante l'invasione russa. A causa della fede musulmana della maggior parte dei popoli che hanno sofferto il genocidio circasso, molte volte l'evento di migrazione scaturito si conosce con il termine \"muhayir\", parola derivante dall'arabo \"Mujayir\" e che significa letteralmente \"colui che \u00E8 partito\". Il genocidio avvenne dopo la conclusione della Guerra caucasica nell'ultimo quarto del XIX secolo. Gli sfollati si trasferirono principalmente nell'Impero ottomano, specialmente nei territori dell'odierno Kosovo, nella valle del Danubio e in Anatolia. La deportazione per la precisione part\u00EC nel 1864 e fu completata nel 1867.Tra i popoli cacciati vi furono oltre ai Circassi (adigh\u00E8) anche gli ubykh e gli Abazi, ma anche ingusci, , ceceni, ossezi e abcazi ne furono colpiti. Lo storico e ricercatore finlandese lo ha definito come il pi\u00F9 grande genocidio del XIX secolo. La deportazione coinvolse un numero sconosciuto di persone, nell'ordine delle centinaia di migliaia: la maggior parte di queste fu deportata dai loro villaggi natali verso i porti del Mar Nero in attesa di navi dirette verso l'Impero ottomano con l'obiettivo esplicito di cacciarle dalla loro terra.Solamente una piccola percentuale si ristabil\u00EC all'interno dell'Impero.Le popolazioni furono cos\u00EC disperse, deportate e in alcuni casi uccise in massa.Un numero non definito di deportati mor\u00EC durante questa operazione: alcuni morirono per epidemie generatisi in attesa di partire, altre giacendo nei porti ottomani del Mar Nero di arrivo mentre altre ancora sono morte per l'affondamento delle navi a causa di tempeste.I calcoli inclusi quelli che tengono conto delle cifre di archivio del governo russo hanno stimato una perdita del 90%-94% o 95%\u201397% del popolo circasso durante le operazioni. Durante lo stesso periodo altre persone di fede musulmana del Caucaso furono trasferite nell'Impero ottomano e in Persia. A data 2021, la Georgia \u00E8 l'unico stato al mondo a riconoscere il genocidio del popolo circasso, mentre la Russia \u00E8 una fervente negazionista di tale evento e riconosce il tutto come un semplice evento di migrazione umana. I nazionalisti russi della zona continuano a celebrare il giorno della deportazione circassa, il 21 maggio, come il giorno della \"Sacra Conquista\"."@it . . . . "\u5207\u723E\u514B\u65AF\u6C11\u65CF\u6E05\u6D17"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . "Ludob\u00F3jstwo Czerkies\u00F3w \u2013 ludob\u00F3jstwo pope\u0142nione na narodzie czerkieskim przez carsk\u0105 Rosj\u0119 w XIX wieku. Wed\u0142ug niekt\u00F3rych badaczy by\u0142o ono najwi\u0119kszym ludob\u00F3jstwem XIX wieku."@pl . . . . . . . . . "Genosida Adighe merujuk pada emigrasi dan pengusiran etnis Adighe secara besar-besaran dari Sirkasia pada akhir abad ke-19. Etnis Adighe merupakan penduduk asli yang beragama Islam di wilayah Sirkasia, dan mereka diberangus dari tanah air mereka setelah Rusia berhasil memenangkan Perang Rusia-Circassia. Pengusiran dilancarkan sebelum perang berakhir pada tahun 1864, dan diselesaikan pada tahun 1867. Etnis-etnis yang terusir tidak hanya etnis Adighe, tetapi juga , Abkhaz, dan . Jumlah orang yang terusir tidak diketahui, kemungkinan ratusan ribu. Tentara Rusia mengumpulkan orang-orang yang akan diusir dan membawa mereka ke pelabuhan-pelabuhan di Laut Hitam untuk kemudian diangkut dengan kapal ke Kesultanan Utsmaniyah. Hanya sedikit kelompok yang sepakat untuk dipindahkan ke wilayah lain di Kekaisaran Rusia. Akibatnya, populasi Adighe pun menjadi terpencar atau bahkan terbunuh en masse. Tidak diketahui berapa banyak orang yang tewas selama proses deportasi. Beberapa meninggal akibat epidemi baik saat sedang menunggu keberangkatan maupun saat tiba di Utsmaniyah. Yang lainnya tewas karena kapal tenggelam saat badai. Pada zaman modern, para ahli dan aktivis Sirkasia mulai berpendapat bahwa deportasi ini dapat dianggap sebagai pembersihan etnis atau bahkan genosida, walaupun istilah-istilah tersebut belum digunakan pada abad ke-10. Fakta yang biasanya ditekankan untuk mendukung pernyataan tersebut adalah pengosongan desa-desa oleh tentara Rusia yang kemudian diikuti oleh kedatangan pemukim-pemukim Rusia. Mereka memperkirakan bahwa sekitar 90% orang Sirkasia (diperkirakan lebih dari tiga juta jiwa) telah dipindahkan secara paksa. Selanjutnya, paling tidak ratusan ribu orang \"tewas atau mati kelaparan\"."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Genoc\u00EDdio circassiano"@pt . . . . . . "Muhayir es el nombre con el que se conoce al genocidio y posterior \u00E9xodo de muchos pueblos aut\u00F3ctonos del noroeste del C\u00E1ucaso que fueron forzados a emigrar a finales de la Guerra ruso-circasiana, y en general, de la Guerra del C\u00E1ucaso, en la que el Imperio ruso sali\u00F3 victorioso. Se estima en 625,000 el n\u00FAmero de fallecidos durante las operaciones militares rusas.\u200B El \u00E9xodo se inici\u00F3 incluso antes del fin de la guerra en 1864 y continu\u00F3 hasta la d\u00E9cada de 1870, aunque estaba casi completamente culminado para 1867. Los pueblos afectados, principalmente circasianos (Adigu\u00E9 en su propio idioma), los ubijos, abjasios y abasios, eran mayoritariamente o casi predominantemente musulmanes. Por ello, el t\u00E9rmino Mujadzhirstvo/\u043C\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E (o majadzhirstvo/\u043C\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E) se usa en la historiograf\u00EDa en idioma ruso para describir este \u00E9xodo, como derivado del t\u00E9rmino \u00E1rabe Mu\u1E25a\u0177ir, significando literalmente el que ha partido y por extensi\u00F3n, emigrante. Este \u00E9xodo afect\u00F3 a un n\u00FAmero indeterminado de personas, varios cientos de miles. Los rusos se refieren a ellos como \"Monta\u00F1eses\" (gortsy). El ej\u00E9rcito ruso rodeaba los pueblos, conduci\u00E9ndolos hasta los puertos del mar Negro, donde aguardaban barcos puestos a disposici\u00F3n por el Imperio otomano. El objetivo expl\u00EDcito ruso fue expulsar a estos grupos de sus tierras.\u200B Se les dio la elecci\u00F3n de ser reasentados en el Imperio otomano o en Rusia lejos de sus lugares de origen. Solo un peque\u00F1o porcentaje acept\u00F3 el reasentamiento dentro del Imperio ruso, que tampoco se puede determinar. Un n\u00FAmero indeterminado de deportados, cifrado en cientos de miles, muri\u00F3 durante el proceso. Algunos murieron de epidemias por el hacinamiento de los deportados, tanto en la espera para iniciar el viaje, como en su estancia en los puertos otomanos del mar Negro donde llegaban. Otros perecieron cuando se hundieron los barcos a causa de las tormentas.\u200B Otros dos pueblos musulmanes del noroeste del C\u00E1ucaso, los karachais y los balkarios, no fueron deportados. De acuerdo con las cifras del propio gobierno ruso de esa \u00E9poca, sobre el 90 % de la poblaci\u00F3n fue afectada por la deportaci\u00F3n."@es . . . . "Genocidi circassi\u00E0"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "I captured three Circassians from carriages that were on their way to fetch grass, other than the thirteen we already had, who did not wish to surrender to us voluntarily, so I ordered to kill them."@en . . . . . . . . . . "Pojem etnick\u00E1 \u010Distka \u010Cerkes\u016F se vztahuje k vys\u00EDdlen\u00ED, rozpt\u00FDlen\u00ED a vyhn\u00E1n\u00ED v\u011Bt\u0161iny domorod\u00FDch \u010Cerkes\u016F carsk\u00FDm Ruskem z historick\u00E9ho \u00FAzem\u00ED \u010Cerkeska, kter\u00E9 zahrnovalo podstatnou \u010D\u00E1st severn\u00EDho Kavkazu a severov\u00FDchodn\u00EDho pob\u0159e\u017E\u00ED \u010Cern\u00E9ho mo\u0159e. K t\u011Bmto ud\u00E1lostem do\u0161lo v posledn\u00ED \u010Dtvrtin\u011B 19. stolet\u00ED v r\u00E1mci dohry kavkazsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky. Vys\u00EDdlen\u00ED obyvatel\u00E9 odch\u00E1zeli p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm do Osmansk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e a v men\u0161\u00ED m\u00ED\u0159e do kad\u017E\u00E1rovsk\u00E9 Persie. \u010Cerkesov\u00E9, domorod\u00ED obyvatel\u00E9 tohoto regionu, byli na konci rusko-\u010Derkesk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky n\u00E1siln\u011B vyhn\u00E1ni ze sv\u00E9 vlasti v\u00EDt\u011Bzn\u00FDm Ruskem. Deportace za\u010Dala p\u0159ed koncem v\u00E1lky v roce 1864 a do roku 1867 byla t\u00E9m\u011B\u0159 dokon\u010Dena. \u010Cistky se t\u00FDkaly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm \u010Cerkes\u016F (nebo Adygejc\u016F), d\u00E1le , \u010Ce\u010Denc\u016F, Abchaz\u016F a Ab\u00E1z\u016F. Tyto ud\u00E1losti zas\u00E1hly bl\u00ED\u017Ee neup\u0159esn\u011Bn\u00FD po\u010Det lid\u00ED, mo\u017En\u00E1 a\u017E stovky tis\u00EDc. V ka\u017Ed\u00E9m p\u0159\u00EDpad\u011B byla v\u011Bt\u0161ina dot\u010Den\u00FDch lid\u00ED vyhn\u00E1na. Rusk\u00E1 arm\u00E1da vyh\u00E1n\u011Bla obyvatele z jejich vesnic do \u010Dernomo\u0159sk\u00FDch p\u0159\u00EDstav\u016F, kde se museli nalodit na lod\u011B poskytnut\u00E9 sousedn\u00ED Osmanskou \u0159\u00ED\u0161\u00ED. Jednozna\u010Dn\u00FDm rusk\u00FDm c\u00EDlem bylo vys\u00EDdlit zm\u00EDn\u011Bn\u00E9 etnick\u00E9 skupiny ze zem\u011B. Pouze men\u0161\u00ED po\u010Det lid\u00ED (p\u0159esn\u00E9 \u010D\u00EDslo nen\u00ED zn\u00E1m\u00E9) souhlasil s p\u0159es\u00EDdlen\u00EDm v r\u00E1mci Rusk\u00E9ho imp\u00E9ria. \u010Cerkesk\u00E9 obyvatelstvo bylo rozpt\u00FDleno, p\u0159es\u00EDdleno, nebo v n\u011Bkter\u00FDch p\u0159\u00EDpadech masov\u011B zab\u00EDjeno. Nezn\u00E1m\u00E9 mno\u017Estv\u00ED deportovan\u00FDch zahynulo b\u011Bhem cesty. N\u011Bkte\u0159\u00ED zem\u0159eli v d\u016Fsledku epidemi\u00ED \u0161\u00ED\u0159\u00EDc\u00EDch se v davech deportovan\u00FDch \u010Dekaj\u00EDc\u00EDch na odjezd nebo v p\u0159elidn\u011Bn\u00FDch osmansk\u00FDch p\u0159\u00EDstavech. Ke ztr\u00E1t\u00E1m na \u017Eivotech doch\u00E1zelo tak\u00E9 p\u0159i potopen\u00ED lod\u00ED v bou\u0159i. Podle dobov\u00FDch rusk\u00FDch vl\u00E1dn\u00EDch dokument\u016F bylo deportov\u00E1no asi 90 procent dot\u010Den\u00FDch obyvatel. Ve stejn\u00E9m obdob\u00ED bylo k odchodu do Osmansk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e nebo kad\u017E\u00E1rovsk\u00E9 Persie p\u0159inuceno tak\u00E9 mnoho dal\u0161\u00EDch kavkazsk\u00FDch muslimsk\u00FDch etnick\u00FDch skupin."@cs . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043C\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E"@ru . . . . . 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"Massacre, genocidal rape, deportation, torture, death march"@en . . . . . "Muhayir (C\u00E1ucaso)"@es . . . . "O Genoc\u00EDdio Circassiano foi um massacre \u00E9tnico que aconteceu em 21 de maio de 1864, completou 150 anos em 2014. De acordo com o Instituto Cultural Circassiano, de 1 milh\u00E3o a 1,5 milh\u00E3o de circassianos foram mortos e outro milh\u00E3o foi deportado. A di\u00E1spora circassiana \u00E9 a maior do mundo, com 86% de toda a popula\u00E7\u00E3o vivendo no ex\u00EDlio, em v\u00E1rios pa\u00EDses. O territ\u00F3rio original da Circassia foi dividido em tr\u00EAs partes (Carachai-Circ\u00E1ssia, Rep\u00FAblica Adigueia e Cabardino-Balc\u00E1ria)."@pt . . "300"^^ . "The Circassian genocide,[[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|page needed]]]_3-0\" class=\"reference\"> or Tsitsekun, was the Russian Empire's systematic mass murder, ethnic cleansing, and expulsion of 80\u201397%[[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|page needed]]]_3-1\" class=\"reference\"> of the Circassian population, around 800,000\u20131,500,000 people,[[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|page needed]]]_3-2\" class=\"reference\"> during and after the Russo-Circassian War (1763\u20131864). The peoples planned for removal were mainly the Circassians, but other Muslim peoples of the Caucasus were also affected. Several methods used by Russian forces such as impaling and tearing the bellies of pregnant women were reported. Russian generals such as Grigory Zass described the Circassians as \"subhuman filth\", and glorified the mass murder of C"@en . "Le terme moderne nettoyage ethnique des Circassiens, \u00E9galement qualifi\u00E9 de d\u00E9portation d\u00E9signe l'expulsion des Circassiens de la Circassie historique, soit approximativement la majeure partie de la Ciscaucasie au nord-est de la mer Noire, vers l'Empire ottoman et dans une moindre mesure vers la Perse Kadjare \u00E0 la suite de la guerre du Caucase, gagn\u00E9e par l'Empire russe qui les rempla\u00E7a par les cosaques du Kouban et du Terek. Les Circassiens, indig\u00E8nes caucasiens de cette r\u00E9gion, subirent de la part de l'Empire russe une Guerre russo-circassienne. L\u2019expulsion d\u00E9buta avant la fin de la guerre en 1864 et elle \u00E9tait quasiment termin\u00E9e en 1867. Les peuples concern\u00E9s \u00E9taient principalement des Circassiens (Adygu\u00E9ens, Tcherkesses), des (en), des Abkhazes et des Abazines. On ne conna\u00EEt pas le nombre exact de personnes concern\u00E9es par ces expulsions, mais elles se comptent par dizaines de milliers. L'arm\u00E9e russe les regroupa pour la conduire vers les ports de la mer Noire, o\u00F9 des navires les transport\u00E8rent vers l'Empire ottoman, mais sans leur b\u00E9tail ni leurs v\u00E9hicules, qui furent pris par les cosaques ; les Circassiens re\u00E7urent en \u00E9change de petits d\u00E9dommagements en argent. L'objectif explicite de la Russie \u00E9tait d'expulser les musulmans de ses nouvelles terres. Un faible nombre put rester dans l'Empire russe, sous condition de faire all\u00E9geance au Tzar et d'adopter le christianisme."@fr . . . . . . . "the Russo-Circassian War"@en . . ""@en . "Ludob\u00F3jstwo Czerkies\u00F3w"@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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