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\u0645\u0639 \u062D\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060C \u0644\u0627 \u064A\u0639\u062F \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u062C\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062A\u0647\u060C \u0648\u0628\u062E\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631\u064B\u0627."@ar . "Cost escalation can be defined as changes in the cost or price of specific goods or services in a given economy over a period. This is similar to the concepts of inflation and deflation except that escalation is specific to an item or class of items (not as general in nature), it is often not primarily driven by changes in the money supply, and it tends to be less sustained. While escalation includes general inflation related to the money supply, it is also driven by changes in technology, practices, and particularly supply-demand imbalances that are specific to a good or service in a given economy. For example, while general inflation (e.g., consumer price index) in the US was less than 5% in the 2003-2007 time period, steel prices increased (escalated) by over 50% because of supply-deman"@en . . . "La escalaci\u00F3n del costo est\u00E1 definida como los cambios en el costo o precio de bienes o servicios espec\u00EDficos en una econom\u00EDa en un per\u00EDodo de tiempo. Esto es similar a los conceptos de inflaci\u00F3n y deflaci\u00F3n excepto en que la escalaci\u00F3n es espec\u00EDfico a un \u00EDtem o clase de \u00EDtems (no general como en la naturaleza), a menudo no es controlado principalmente por la disponibilidad del dinero, y tiende a ser menos sostenido. Mientras que la escalaci\u00F3n incluye la inflaci\u00F3n general relacionada con la disponibilidad de dinero, tambi\u00E9n es controlada por los cambios en la tecnolog\u00EDa, las pr\u00E1cticas y particularmente los desequilibrios entre la demanda y la oferta que son espec\u00EDficas al bien o servicio en una econom\u00EDa dada. Por ejemplo, mientras la inflaci\u00F3n general (por ejemplo, el \u00EDndice de precios a"@es . "888873052"^^ . "\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0641"@ar . . "Escalaci\u00F3n del costo"@es . . . . . "6282752"^^ . . "La escalaci\u00F3n del costo est\u00E1 definida como los cambios en el costo o precio de bienes o servicios espec\u00EDficos en una econom\u00EDa en un per\u00EDodo de tiempo. Esto es similar a los conceptos de inflaci\u00F3n y deflaci\u00F3n excepto en que la escalaci\u00F3n es espec\u00EDfico a un \u00EDtem o clase de \u00EDtems (no general como en la naturaleza), a menudo no es controlado principalmente por la disponibilidad del dinero, y tiende a ser menos sostenido. Mientras que la escalaci\u00F3n incluye la inflaci\u00F3n general relacionada con la disponibilidad de dinero, tambi\u00E9n es controlada por los cambios en la tecnolog\u00EDa, las pr\u00E1cticas y particularmente los desequilibrios entre la demanda y la oferta que son espec\u00EDficas al bien o servicio en una econom\u00EDa dada. Por ejemplo, mientras la inflaci\u00F3n general (por ejemplo, el \u00EDndice de precios al consumidor) en Estados Unidos era de menos del 5% en el per\u00EDodo 2003 - 2007, los precios del acero se incrementaron (escalaron) en m\u00E1s del 50% debido al desequilibrio entre la oferta y la demanda. La escalaci\u00F3n del costo puede contribuir al sobrecosto de un proyecto pero no es sin\u00F3nimo de este. Sobre largos per\u00EDodos de tiempo, a medida que los desequilibrios entre la oferta y la demanda en el mercado son corregidos, la escalaci\u00F3n tender\u00E1 a ser parecida a la inflaci\u00F3n a menos que existan cambios sostenidos de eficiencia o tecnolog\u00EDa en el mercado. Usualmente la escalaci\u00F3n es calculada al examinar los cambios en las medidas de \u00EDndices de precios para un bien o servicio. La escalaci\u00F3n futura puede ser pronosticada usando la econometr\u00EDa. Desafortunadamente, debido a que la escalaci\u00F3n (a diferencia de la inflaci\u00F3n) puede ocurrir en un micro mercado puede ser dif\u00EDcil de medir con encuestas, haciendo que los \u00EDndices sean dif\u00EDciles de encontrar. Por ejemplo, la Oficina de Estad\u00EDsticas Laborales tiene un \u00EDndice de precios para los salarios y compensaciones en la construcci\u00F3n (lo que es el costo del trabajo del contratista de la construcci\u00F3n), pero no tiene nada para los precios que los propietarios deben pagar al contratista de la construcci\u00F3n por sus servicios. Su uso en la ingenier\u00EDa de costos y en la gesti\u00F3n de proyectos, tanto la escalaci\u00F3n como el son considerados riesgos de financiamiento, que deber\u00EDan ser incluidos en los presupuestos y estimaciones del proyecto. Cuando la escalaci\u00F3n es m\u00EDnima, alguna veces es estimada junto con la contingencia. Sin embargo, esto no es una buena pr\u00E1ctica, particularmente cuando la escalaci\u00F3n es significativa.\u200B"@es . . . "Cost escalation"@en . . . . "Cost escalation can be defined as changes in the cost or price of specific goods or services in a given economy over a period. This is similar to the concepts of inflation and deflation except that escalation is specific to an item or class of items (not as general in nature), it is often not primarily driven by changes in the money supply, and it tends to be less sustained. While escalation includes general inflation related to the money supply, it is also driven by changes in technology, practices, and particularly supply-demand imbalances that are specific to a good or service in a given economy. For example, while general inflation (e.g., consumer price index) in the US was less than 5% in the 2003-2007 time period, steel prices increased (escalated) by over 50% because of supply-demand imbalance. Cost escalation may contribute to a project cost overrun but it is not synonymous with it. Over long periods of time, as market supply and demand imbalances are corrected, escalation will tend to more-or-less equal inflation unless there are sustained technology or efficiency changes in a market. Escalation is usually calculated by examining the changes in price index measures for a good or service. Future escalation can be forecast using econometrics. Unfortunately, because escalation (unlike inflation) may occur in a micro-market, and it may be hard to measure with surveys, indices can be difficult to find. For example, the Bureau of Labor Statistics has a price index for construction wages and compensation (what the construction contractor's labor cost), but has none for the prices that owners must pay the construction contractor for their services. In cost engineering and project management usage, escalation and cost contingency are both considered risk funds, that should be included in project estimates and budgets. When escalation is minimal, it is sometimes estimated together with contingency. However, this is not a best practice, particularly when escalation is significant."@en .