. "El creuer \u00E9s una fase de vol a nivell que es dona despr\u00E9s que una aeronau ascendeixi a una altitud fixa i abans que comenci a descendir. \u00C9s normalment la fase majorit\u00E0ria d'un vol. El creuer pot incloure canvis en l'orientaci\u00F3 (direcci\u00F3 de l'aeronau) a velocitat i altitud constants. Per la majoria d'aeronaus de passatgers, la fase de creuer consumeix la major part del combustible de l'aeronau, Aix\u00F2 alleugereix l'aeronau i eleva l'altitud \u00F2ptima pel consum de combustible. Per raons de control del tr\u00E0nsit aeri normalment \u00E9s necessari que l'aeronau es mantingui en un nivell de vol preestablert. En vols de llarga durada, el pilot pot demanar a l'ATC d'ascendir d'un nivell de vol a un altre. Aquesta maniobra s'anomena \u00AB\u00BB. Normalment, les aeronaus comercials o de passatgers s\u00F3n dissenyades per tenir les prestacions \u00F2ptimes amb la velocitat creuer o en les velocitats caracter\u00EDstiques. Els motors de combusti\u00F3 tenen un nivell d'efici\u00E8ncia \u00F2ptim en consum de combustible i pot\u00E8ncia de sortida. Generalment, els motors de pistons s\u00F3n m\u00E9s efica\u00E7os entre la velocitat en ralent\u00ED i el 25% del regulador. A part de les aeronaus, altres factors que afecten l'altitud \u00F2ptima de creuer s\u00F3n la c\u00E0rrega, el centre de gravetat, la temperatura de l'aire, la humitat, i la velocitat. Aquesta altitud \u00E9s normalment on es compensen les m\u00E0ximes velocitats horitzontals, l'augment en la pot\u00E8ncia de l'arrossegament, i la disminuci\u00F3 en l'empenyiment del motor i l'efici\u00E8ncia a altes altituds. Valors t\u00EDpics de velocitats de creuer per un vol comercial de llarga durada van dels 475 als 500 nusos (878\u2013926 km/h; 546\u2013575 mph)."@ca . "\u041A\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043A\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043A\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u043B\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u044F \u0430\u0431\u043E \u0456\u043D\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0443, \u0449\u043E \u0434\u043E\u0441\u044F\u0433\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0448\u0456\u0439 \u043A\u0456\u043B\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0456 \u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430. \u0423 \u0430\u0432\u0456\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0446\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044F\u043D\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043A\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0433\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E (\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E) \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043E\u0442\u0443, \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u044F\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u044F\u0433\u0438 \u0434\u043E \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043A\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043E\u0442\u0443 \u043C\u0456\u043D\u0456\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430. \u0412\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043D\u043E 30-80 % \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043C\u0430\u043A\u0441\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043A\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0456 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044F\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043D \u043D\u0435 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0443\u0454 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043A\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u0443 (\u043A\u0440\u0456\u043C \u043B\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0456\u0432 \u00AB\u041A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0434\u00BB \u0456 \u00AB\u0422\u0443-144\u00BB). \u0417\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043B\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043D\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043A\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456."@uk . . . . . . . . . . "Marschfart"@sv . . . "De kruissnelheid is de snelheid waarmee een voertuig zich zo effici\u00EBnt mogelijk kan voortbewegen. Deze snelheid is altijd een afweging tussen snelheid en brandstofverbruik. Per traject kan de kruissnelheid verschillen (afhankelijk van de urgentie van het vervoer). In de commerci\u00EBle luchtvaart drukt men deze urgentie uit in een . Kruissnelheid is ook een begrip voor wegvoertuigen dat gebruikt werd om de maximaal toelaatbare snelheid op een lange rit mee aan te duiden. Tot medio jaren 60 was het normaal dat een auto in de hoogste versnelling een toerental kon bereiken waar de motor op langere duur niet tegen bestand was. Het bereiken van de constructieve maximumsnelheid was bij zo'n auto dus slechts kortstondig mogelijk; het gevaar bestond dan om de motor \"over zijn toeren te jagen\". In brochures en autotests werd dan ook liever gesproken over de kruissnelheid als de snelheid in de hoogste versnelling waarbij de motor zijn maximale continu toelaatbare toerental draait. Toen de eerste auto's kwamen die zonder schade continu vol gas bereden konden worden werd hiermee geadverteerd met de slogan \"topsnelheid=kruissnelheid\"."@nl . "Als Reiseflug (englisch cruise) wird in der Luftfahrt die Flugphase zwischen dem Steigflug nach Erreichen der geplanten Reiseflugh\u00F6he und dem Beginn des Sinkflugs bezeichnet."@de . . "\u041A\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043A\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C"@uk . . "Etapa do voo de uma aeronave compreendida entre o final da subida e o in\u00EDcio da sua descida, ao aeroporto de destino. Nessa etapa do voo, a velocidade, denominada velocidade de cruzeiro, pode ser escolhida dependendo do que se deseja: - Cruzeiro a MACH constante; - Cruzeiro em regime de m\u00E1ximo alcance. No cruzeiro em regime de m\u00E1ximo alcance, dever se maximizada a seguinte rela\u00E7\u00E3o: Esta diferen\u00E7a entre a velocidade inicial e a final \u00E9 chamado SCHEDULE de velocidades."@pt . "\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064A \u0645\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062D\u0644 \u062A\u062D\u0644\u064A\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u062A\u0628\u062F\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062B\u0628\u062A \u0645\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0645\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062F\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0646\u062A\u0647\u064A \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u062A\u0628\u062F\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0646\u062D\u062F\u0627\u0631|\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062E\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u062F\u0627\u062F\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637. \u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0633\u062A\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0642\u062F \u064A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062A\u063A\u064A\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0647 (\u0627\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629)\u060C \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639. \u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u062A\u0635\u0645\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u062A\u062D\u0642\u064A\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062F\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062B\u0644 \u0641\u064A\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062A\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 (V C) \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0624\u062B\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062B\u0644\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629\u064B \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u0641\u064A\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062E\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062F\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062A\u0647 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062C\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062A \u0637\u0648\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062B\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064A \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 880\u2013926 \u0643\u0645/\u0633 (475\u2013500 \u0639\u0642\u062F\u0629\u061B 547\u2013575 \u0645\u064A\u0644/\u0633). \u062A\u064F\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u063A\u0637\u064A \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062F \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0649 (maximum range speed). \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062A\u0642\u0644\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062B\u0629\u060C \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u0627\u062E\u062A\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u00AB\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0649\u00BB (LRC) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062C\u064A \u0644\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062F \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 1\u066A \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0649\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064A\u0624\u062F\u064A \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064A\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 3-5\u066A. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060C \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062F \u0644\u064A\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062D\u064A\u062F\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060C \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u0627\u062E\u062A\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0629 (ECON) \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064B \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 (CI)\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062A \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062F. \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u00AB\u0628\u0648\u064A\u0646\u063A\u00BB \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u00AB\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629\u00BB \u0643\u0640 ($/hr)/(cents/lb)\u060C \u0623\u064A \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0644 100 lb/hr. \u0642\u062F \u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 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"Reiseflug"@de . "Kruissnelheid"@nl . . "Pr\u0119dko\u015B\u0107 przelotowa \u2013 \u015Brednia pr\u0119dko\u015B\u0107 z jak\u0105 porusza si\u0119 statek powietrzny lub ptak podczas lotu. Dla statku powietrznego najcz\u0119\u015Bciej dotyczy to pr\u0119dko\u015Bci rozwijanej na optymalnym dla niego poziomie lotu zwanym wysoko\u015Bci\u0105 przelotow\u0105."@pl . "1122672782"^^ . "6929"^^ . "La velocit\u00E0 di crociera \u00E8 la velocit\u00E0 ottimale che, su un autoveicolo, velivolo oppure imbarcazione, permette di mantenere le migliori condizioni di sicurezza e di risparmio sia di tempo che di carburante. Corrisponde alla velocit\u00E0 che si raggiunge al regime di coppia massimo con l'ultimo rapporto disponibile. Possiamo definire quindi la velocit\u00E0 di crociera come la massima velocit\u00E0 costante che permette a tutti gli organi dell'auto di lavorare in modo corretto senza essere sfruttati permettendo di risparmiare tempo e allo stesso modo denaro."@it . . 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"Velocidad de crucero o velocidad media se define como aquella velocidad constante y uniforme que puede llevar una aeronave en condiciones normales de presi\u00F3n y temperatura (por sus siglas CNPT), sin sufrir perturbaci\u00F3n o variaci\u00F3n de velocidad, altura, tracci\u00F3n y . Es aquella velocidad estable en la cual se mantiene el avi\u00F3n en la mayor\u00EDa de su trayecto, actuando como un piloto autom\u00E1tico, requiriendo poco esfuerzo por parte de la tripulaci\u00F3n."@es . . 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"De kruissnelheid is de snelheid waarmee een voertuig zich zo effici\u00EBnt mogelijk kan voortbewegen. Deze snelheid is altijd een afweging tussen snelheid en brandstofverbruik. Per traject kan de kruissnelheid verschillen (afhankelijk van de urgentie van het vervoer). In de commerci\u00EBle luchtvaart drukt men deze urgentie uit in een ."@nl . "Cruise is the phase of aircraft flight that starts when the aircraft levels off after a climb, until it begins to descend for landing. Cruising usually consumes the majority of a flight, and it may include changes in heading (direction of flight), airspeed and altitude. The speed which covers the greatest distance for a given amount of fuel is known as the maximum range speed. This is the speed at which drag is minimised."@en . . . "Pr\u0119dko\u015B\u0107 przelotowa"@pl . "Marschfart \u00E4r den hastighet som ett fordon anv\u00E4nder i normalfallet under f\u00E4rd. Uttrycket anv\u00E4nds ofta i samband med transporter med fartyg och \u00E4ven med flygplan, d\u00E5 ihop med uttrycket \"\". Normalt \u00E4r det den hastighet som \u00E4r f\u00F6retagsekonomiskt effektivast, dvs ger mest biljettint\u00E4kter per km, i f\u00F6rh\u00E5llande till kostnader per km, personal, br\u00E4nsle, fordon. Eftersom personal och fordon kostar per timme, snarare \u00E4n per km, f\u00F6rs\u00F6ker man f\u00F6r det mesta h\u00E5lla s\u00E5 h\u00F6g marschfart som m\u00F6jligt och till\u00E5tet, och minimera stopp, \u00E4ven om det normalt drar mer br\u00E4nsle. P\u00E5 s\u00E5 s\u00E4tt k\u00F6r man in mer biljettint\u00E4kter per timme. Kunderna har ofta br\u00E5ttom och vill ha bra fart."@sv . . . "354415"^^ . . . "\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6\uFF08\u3058\u3085\u3093\u3053\u3046\u305D\u304F\u3069\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u822A\u7A7A\u6A5F\u3084\u8239\u8236\u3001\u8ECA\u4E21\u306A\u3069\u306E\u901F\u5EA6\u3067\u3001\u71C3\u6599\u306E\u6D88\u8CBB\u52B9\u7387\u304C\u6700\u3082\u826F\u3044\u72B6\u614B\u3067\u79FB\u52D5\uFF08\u5DE1\u822A\uFF09\u3067\u304D\u308B\u5024\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u6642\u306E\u79FB\u52D5\u306B\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3001\u7D4C\u6E08\u901F\u5EA6\u3002 \u4EA4\u901A\u6A5F\u95A2\u306E\u55B6\u696D\u904B\u8EE2\u901F\u5EA6\u306F\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6\u3088\u308A\u3082\u3084\u3084\u9AD8\u3044\u5834\u5408\u304C\u591A\u3044\u3002\u901F\u9054\u6027\u306F\u7AF6\u4E89\u76F8\u624B\u3068\u306A\u308B\u4EA4\u901A\u6A5F\u95A2\u306B\u5BFE\u3057\u3066\u306E\u5DEE\u5225\u5316\u3068\u306A\u308B\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30A8\u30CD\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u3092\u591A\u5C11\u591A\u304F\u4F7F\u3063\u305F\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7D4C\u55B6\u7684\u306B\u306F\u6B63\u3057\u3044\u5224\u65AD\u306B\u306A\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u591A\u3044\u305F\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . "\u041A\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C"@ru . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064A \u0645\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062D\u0644 \u062A\u062D\u0644\u064A\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u062A\u0628\u062F\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u062B\u0628\u062A \u0645\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0645\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062F\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0646\u062A\u0647\u064A \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u062A\u0628\u062F\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0646\u062D\u062F\u0627\u0631|\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062E\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u062F\u0627\u062F\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637. \u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0633\u062A\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0642\u062F \u064A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062A\u063A\u064A\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0647 (\u0627\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629)\u060C \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639. \u062A\u064F\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u063A\u0637\u064A \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062F \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0649 (maximum range speed). \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062A\u0642\u0644\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629."@ar . . . . . "La velocit\u00E0 di crociera \u00E8 la velocit\u00E0 ottimale che, su un autoveicolo, velivolo oppure imbarcazione, permette di mantenere le migliori condizioni di sicurezza e di risparmio sia di tempo che di carburante. Corrisponde alla velocit\u00E0 che si raggiunge al regime di coppia massimo con l'ultimo rapporto disponibile. Possiamo definire quindi la velocit\u00E0 di crociera come la massima velocit\u00E0 costante che permette a tutti gli organi dell'auto di lavorare in modo corretto senza essere sfruttati permettendo di risparmiare tempo e allo stesso modo denaro."@it . . . . "\u041A\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C (\u043A\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C) \u2014 \u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0434\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u043C\u0430\u043A\u0441\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E, \u043D\u0435\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044B\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u044D\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043F\u0443\u0442\u0438."@ru . . . . . "\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6\uFF08\u3058\u3085\u3093\u3053\u3046\u305D\u304F\u3069\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u822A\u7A7A\u6A5F\u3084\u8239\u8236\u3001\u8ECA\u4E21\u306A\u3069\u306E\u901F\u5EA6\u3067\u3001\u71C3\u6599\u306E\u6D88\u8CBB\u52B9\u7387\u304C\u6700\u3082\u826F\u3044\u72B6\u614B\u3067\u79FB\u52D5\uFF08\u5DE1\u822A\uFF09\u3067\u304D\u308B\u5024\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u6642\u306E\u79FB\u52D5\u306B\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3001\u7D4C\u6E08\u901F\u5EA6\u3002 \u4EA4\u901A\u6A5F\u95A2\u306E\u55B6\u696D\u904B\u8EE2\u901F\u5EA6\u306F\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6\u3088\u308A\u3082\u3084\u3084\u9AD8\u3044\u5834\u5408\u304C\u591A\u3044\u3002\u901F\u9054\u6027\u306F\u7AF6\u4E89\u76F8\u624B\u3068\u306A\u308B\u4EA4\u901A\u6A5F\u95A2\u306B\u5BFE\u3057\u3066\u306E\u5DEE\u5225\u5316\u3068\u306A\u308B\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30A8\u30CD\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u3092\u591A\u5C11\u591A\u304F\u4F7F\u3063\u305F\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7D4C\u55B6\u7684\u306B\u306F\u6B63\u3057\u3044\u5224\u65AD\u306B\u306A\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u591A\u3044\u305F\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Croisi\u00E8re (pilotage)"@fr . . . "\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6"@ja . "Velocit\u00E0 di crociera"@it . "Velocidad de crucero"@es . "Etapa do voo de uma aeronave compreendida entre o final da subida e o in\u00EDcio da sua descida, ao aeroporto de destino. Nessa etapa do voo, a velocidade, denominada velocidade de cruzeiro, pode ser escolhida dependendo do que se deseja: - Cruzeiro a MACH constante; - Cruzeiro em regime de m\u00E1ximo alcance. No cruzeiro a MACH constante, como o pr\u00F3prio nome diz, o voo permanece na mesma velocidade, definida pelo n\u00FAmero de MACH de cruzeiro. Durante esta etapa, o peso da aeronave diminui e a aeronave passa a necessitar de menos sustenta\u00E7\u00E3o, assim, para permanecer na mesma velocidade e altitude, o coeficiente de sustenta\u00E7\u00E3o deve ser diminu\u00EDdo e a aeronave se afasta de regi\u00E3o de m\u00E1xima efici\u00EAncia em cruzeiro (menor consumo). No cruzeiro em regime de m\u00E1ximo alcance, dever se maximizada a seguinte rela\u00E7\u00E3o: Nesta etapa, conforme o peso diminui (devido a queima de combustivel), o avi\u00E3o reduz sua velocidade, de modo a manter a rela\u00E7\u00E3o (Cl^0.5/Cd) \u00F3tima em todo o cruzeiro.Geralmente, a velocidade em cruzeiro de m\u00E1ximo alcance \u00E9 menor que a utilizada por avi\u00F5es comerciais, que voam em torno de MACH=0.8. Esta diferen\u00E7a entre a velocidade inicial e a final \u00E9 chamado SCHEDULE de velocidades."@pt . "La croisi\u00E8re est la phase du vol situ\u00E9e entre le d\u00E9collage et l'atterrissage. Elle inclut la mont\u00E9e vers l'altitude de croisi\u00E8re et la descente en vue de l'atterrissage. Lors de cette phase, l'a\u00E9ronef atteint une vitesse, dite vitesse de croisi\u00E8re, correspondant au r\u00E9gime des moteurs pr\u00E9vu pour la partie courante d'un vol, c'est-\u00E0-dire sans la phase de mont\u00E9e et d'approche en vue de l'atterrissage. L'a\u00E9ronef suit un trajet dans une configuration optimale du point de vue de sa consommation en carburant, appel\u00E9e \u00AB croisi\u00E8re \u00E9conomique \u00BB (en anglais : best performance cruise speed). Toutes les surfaces de contr\u00F4le extensibles (dispositif hypersustentateur) de m\u00EAme que le train d'atterrissage, si cela est possible, sont r\u00E9tract\u00E9es au maximum pour \u00E9viter toute tra\u00EEn\u00E9e intempestive (clean config"@fr . . "Creuer (aeron\u00E0utica)"@ca . "El creuer \u00E9s una fase de vol a nivell que es dona despr\u00E9s que una aeronau ascendeixi a una altitud fixa i abans que comenci a descendir. \u00C9s normalment la fase majorit\u00E0ria d'un vol. El creuer pot incloure canvis en l'orientaci\u00F3 (direcci\u00F3 de l'aeronau) a velocitat i altitud constants. Valors t\u00EDpics de velocitats de creuer per un vol comercial de llarga durada van dels 475 als 500 nusos (878\u2013926 km/h; 546\u2013575 mph)."@ca . . "Pr\u0119dko\u015B\u0107 przelotowa \u2013 \u015Brednia pr\u0119dko\u015B\u0107 z jak\u0105 porusza si\u0119 statek powietrzny lub ptak podczas lotu. Dla statku powietrznego najcz\u0119\u015Bciej dotyczy to pr\u0119dko\u015Bci rozwijanej na optymalnym dla niego poziomie lotu zwanym wysoko\u015Bci\u0105 przelotow\u0105."@pl . . "Cruzeiro (avia\u00E7\u00E3o)"@pt . . . "Cruise is the phase of aircraft flight that starts when the aircraft levels off after a climb, until it begins to descend for landing. Cruising usually consumes the majority of a flight, and it may include changes in heading (direction of flight), airspeed and altitude. Commercial or passenger aircraft are usually designed for optimum performance around their cruise speed (VC) and cruise altitude. Factors affecting optimum cruise speed and altitude include payload, center of gravity, air temperature, and humidity. Cruise altitude is usually where the higher ground speed is balanced against the decrease in engine thrust and efficiency at higher altitudes. A typical cruising airspeed for a long-distance commercial passenger aircraft is approximately 880\u2013926 km/h (475\u2013500 kn; 547\u2013575 mph). The typical cruising altitude for commercial airliners is 31,000 to 38,000 feet (9,400 to 11,600 m; 5.9 to 7.2 mi). The speed which covers the greatest distance for a given amount of fuel is known as the maximum range speed. This is the speed at which drag is minimised. For jet aircraft, \"long-range cruise\" speed (LRC) is defined as the speed which gives 99% of the maximum range, for a given weight. This results in a 3-5% increase in speed. It is also a more stable speed than Maximum Range Speed, so gives less autothrottle movement. However, LRC speed does not take account of winds, or time-related costs other than fuel, so it has little practical value. Instead, the speed for most economical operation (ECON) is adjusted for wind and the cost index (CI), which is the ratio of time cost to fuel cost. A higher cost index results in a higher ECON speed. Cost index can be given in \"Boeing\" or \"English\" units as ($/hr)/(cents/lb), equivalent to 100 lb/hr. A typical cost index in these units might be anywhere from 5 to 150. Alternatively cost index can be given in metric or \"Airbus\" units of kg/min. In the presence of a tailwind, ECON airspeed will be reduced to take advantage of the tailwind, whereas in a headwind, ECON speed will be increased to avoid the penalty of the headwind. In a strong tailwind, the aircraft can fly at a low speed to conserve fuel, while the tailwind does most of the work getting the aircraft to its destination. In an area of strong headwind, the aircraft should fly faster to pass through that region sooner. In the presence of a tailwind, LRC speed may give a higher fuel burn than ECON. As the aircraft consumes fuel, its weight decreases and the ECON speed decreases. This is because a heavier aircraft should fly faster to complete the trip more quickly. ECON speed will also be higher at higher altitudes. For propeller aircraft, drag is minimised when the lift-to-drag ratio is maximised. However, the speed for this is typically regarded as too slow, so propeller aircraft typically cruise at a significantly faster speed. Combustion engines have an optimum efficiency level for fuel consumption and power output. Generally, gasoline piston engines are most efficient between idle speed and 30% short of full throttle. Diesels are most efficient at around 90% of full throttle. As the aircraft consumes fuel, its weight decreases and the optimum altitude for fuel economy increases. For traffic control reasons it is usually necessary for an aircraft to stay at a cleared flight level. On long-haul flights, the pilot may ask air traffic control to climb from one flight level to a higher one, in a manoeuvre known as a step climb."@en . . . . "Velocidad de crucero o velocidad media se define como aquella velocidad constante y uniforme que puede llevar una aeronave en condiciones normales de presi\u00F3n y temperatura (por sus siglas CNPT), sin sufrir perturbaci\u00F3n o variaci\u00F3n de velocidad, altura, tracci\u00F3n y . Es aquella velocidad estable en la cual se mantiene el avi\u00F3n en la mayor\u00EDa de su trayecto, actuando como un piloto autom\u00E1tico, requiriendo poco esfuerzo por parte de la tripulaci\u00F3n."@es . "\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6"@zh . . . . . . "\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631"@ar . . "\u98DB\u884C\u5668\u98DB\u884C\u904E\u7A0B\u4E2D\uFF0C\u55AE\u4F4D\u8DDD\u96E2\u4E0A\u6D88\u8017\u71C3\u6599\u6700\u5C11\u7684\u901F\u5EA6\u7A31\u4E3A\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6\uFF08cruising speed\uFF09\uFF0C\u8655\u5728\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6\u6642\uFF0C\u4E00\u822C\u7A31\u70BA\u98DB\u6A5F\u9032\u5165\u5DE1\u822A\u72C0\u614B\u3002 \u5904\u4E8E\u5DE1\u822A\u72B6\u6001\u7684\u98DE\u673A\uFF0C\u5355\u4F4D\u8DDD\u79BB\u4E0A\u6D88\u8017\u7684\u71C3\u6599\u6700\u5C11\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u98DE\u673A\u7684\u6700\u5927\u822A\u7A0B\uFF0C\u6218\u6597\u673A\u7684\u90FD\u662F\u6309\u7167\u98DE\u673A\u7684\u5DE1\u822A\u901F\u5EA6\u8BA1\u7B97\u51FA\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5DE1\u822A\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u98DE\u673A\u98DE\u884C\u4E4B\u4E2D\u71C3\u6599\u7ECF\u6D4E\u6027\u6700\u9AD8\u7684\u4E00\u6BB5\uFF0C\u5B83\u51FA\u73B0\u5728\u548C\u4E4B\u95F4\uFF0C\u901A\u5E38\u5360\u636E\u4E86\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u98DE\u884C\u65F6\u95F4\u3002\u5B83\u4F1A\u5728\u98DE\u673A\u63A5\u8FD1\u76EE\u7684\u5730\uFF0C\u8FDB\u5165\u4E0B\u964D\u4F4D\u7F6E\u51C6\u5907\u964D\u843D\u7684\u65F6\u5019\u7ED3\u675F\u3002 \u5BF9\u4E8E\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u5546\u4E1A\u822A\u7EBF\u6765\u8BF4\uFF0C\u5DE1\u822A\u8FC7\u7A0B\u6D88\u8017\u4E86\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u71C3\u6599\u3002\u5728\u5DE1\u822A\u8FC7\u7A0B\u4E4B\u4E2D\uFF0C\u968F\u7740\u98DE\u673A\u4E0D\u65AD\u7684\u53D8\u8F7B\uFF0C\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u9AD8\u5EA6\u4F1A\u6709\u66F4\u597D\u7684\u71C3\u6599\u7ECF\u6D4E\u6027\uFF0C\u4F46\u90A3\u662F\u5728\u5B9E\u9645\u64CD\u4F5C\u4E4B\u4E2D\uFF0C\u7531\u4E8E\u7A7A\u4E2D\u4EA4\u901A\u7BA1\u5236\u65B9\u9762\u7684\u56E0\u7D20\uFF0C\u98DE\u673A\u4E00\u822C\u90FD\u5728\u4E00\u4E2A\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u9AD8\u5EA6\u5DE1\u822A\u3002\u4F46\u662F\u4E00\u4E9B\u957F\u9014\u822A\u7EBF\u4E0A\uFF0C\u98DE\u884C\u5458\u4F1A\u5411\u7A7A\u7BA1\u8BF7\u6C42\u722C\u5347\u5230\u4E00\u4E2A\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u9AD8\u5EA6\u3002 \u5728\u5BA2\u673A\u7684\u8BBE\u8BA1\u4E2D\uFF0C\u975E\u5E38\u91CD\u89C6\u5DE1\u822A\u65F6\u7684\u6700\u4F73\u6027\u80FD\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u98DE\u673A\u5DE1\u822A\u7684\u6700\u4F73\u72B6\u6001\u662F\u4E0D\u786E\u5B9A\u7684\uFF0C\u5B83\u53D6\u51B3\u65BC\u98DE\u673A\u7684\u8F7D\u8377\u3001\u91CD\u5FC3\u4F4D\u7F6E\u3001\u71C3\u6CB9\u4F59\u91CF\u3001\u6C14\u6E29\u53CA\u6E7F\u5EA6\u7B49\u56E0\u7D20\u3002"@zh . "Cruise (aeronautics)"@en . "Marschfart \u00E4r den hastighet som ett fordon anv\u00E4nder i normalfallet under f\u00E4rd. Uttrycket anv\u00E4nds ofta i samband med transporter med fartyg och \u00E4ven med flygplan, d\u00E5 ihop med uttrycket \"\". Normalt \u00E4r det den hastighet som \u00E4r f\u00F6retagsekonomiskt effektivast, dvs ger mest biljettint\u00E4kter per km, i f\u00F6rh\u00E5llande till kostnader per km, personal, br\u00E4nsle, fordon. Eftersom personal och fordon kostar per timme, snarare \u00E4n per km, f\u00F6rs\u00F6ker man f\u00F6r det mesta h\u00E5lla s\u00E5 h\u00F6g marschfart som m\u00F6jligt och till\u00E5tet, och minimera stopp, \u00E4ven om det normalt drar mer br\u00E4nsle. P\u00E5 s\u00E5 s\u00E4tt k\u00F6r man in mer biljettint\u00E4kter per timme. Kunderna har ofta br\u00E5ttom och vill ha bra fart. S\u00E4rskilt inom f\u00E4rjesj\u00F6fart styrs marschfarten delvis av avst\u00E5ndet. Man vill avg\u00E5 samma tid varje dag och om man l\u00E4tt hinner p\u00E5 medell\u00E5nga turer kan man k\u00F6ra mindre fart. Snabbg\u00E5ende b\u00E5tar har dock blivit popul\u00E4rt, eftersom de kan ta mer betalt per str\u00E4cka (kunderna sparar g\u00E4rna tid) och hinna fler turer per dag och d\u00E4rmed dra in mer pengar. De drar dock mycket mer br\u00E4nsle i f\u00F6rh\u00E5llande till sin kapacitet."@sv . . "Als Reiseflug (englisch cruise) wird in der Luftfahrt die Flugphase zwischen dem Steigflug nach Erreichen der geplanten Reiseflugh\u00F6he und dem Beginn des Sinkflugs bezeichnet."@de . "La croisi\u00E8re est la phase du vol situ\u00E9e entre le d\u00E9collage et l'atterrissage. Elle inclut la mont\u00E9e vers l'altitude de croisi\u00E8re et la descente en vue de l'atterrissage. Lors de cette phase, l'a\u00E9ronef atteint une vitesse, dite vitesse de croisi\u00E8re, correspondant au r\u00E9gime des moteurs pr\u00E9vu pour la partie courante d'un vol, c'est-\u00E0-dire sans la phase de mont\u00E9e et d'approche en vue de l'atterrissage. L'a\u00E9ronef suit un trajet dans une configuration optimale du point de vue de sa consommation en carburant, appel\u00E9e \u00AB croisi\u00E8re \u00E9conomique \u00BB (en anglais : best performance cruise speed). Toutes les surfaces de contr\u00F4le extensibles (dispositif hypersustentateur) de m\u00EAme que le train d'atterrissage, si cela est possible, sont r\u00E9tract\u00E9es au maximum pour \u00E9viter toute tra\u00EEn\u00E9e intempestive (clean configuration). Les derni\u00E8res g\u00E9n\u00E9rations d'avion de chasse, comme le Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor am\u00E9ricain et le Dassault Rafale fran\u00E7ais, ainsi que l'ancien avion de transport Concorde, disposent d'une vitesse de croisi\u00E8re supersonique qualifi\u00E9e de supercruise (\u00AB supercroisi\u00E8re \u00BB), atteinte sans recours \u00E0 la postcombustion."@fr .