. "6460996"^^ . . "Les terres noires, terme d'arch\u00E9ologie usit\u00E9 depuis les ann\u00E9es 1980, d\u00E9signent d\u2019\u00E9paisses couches sombres (g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement d'une \u00E9paisseur variant de 0,6 m \u00E0 2 m), d\u2019apparence homog\u00E8ne, qui constituent l\u2019essentiel de la documentation arch\u00E9ologique des villes du haut Moyen \u00C2ge. Elles s\u2019intercalent entre les stratifications antiques (avant le IVe si\u00E8cle) et m\u00E9di\u00E9vales (apr\u00E8s le XIe si\u00E8cle). Caract\u00E9ristiques g\u00E9oarch\u00E9ologiques de nombreuses zones urbanis\u00E9es dans l'Europe nord-occidentale de la fin de l'\u00E9poque tardo-antique, les terres noires ont une origine complexe. Longtemps interpr\u00E9t\u00E9es comme le t\u00E9moignage d'une remise en culture des sols et de l'abandon des villes correspondant \u00E0 image d'un Moyen \u00C2ge sombre toujours pr\u00E9pond\u00E9rante dans l'imaginaire collectif, la recherche actuelle montre la grande diversit\u00E9 de leurs modes de formations li\u00E9es \u00E0 la s\u00E9dimentation urbaine."@fr . . . . . . "Dark earth"@it . . . . . . . . . . . "Dark earth in archeologia \u00E8 un orizzonte archeologico, che pu\u00F2 raggiungere fino ad un metro di spessore, che indica un insediamento prolungato. Il materiale \u00E8 ricco di sostanze organiche, incluso il carbone, che gli conferisce il caratteristico colore scuro; pu\u00F2 contenere anche frammenti di ceramica, piastrelle, ossa di animali e altri manufatti. Il terreno \u00E8 quindi arricchito con i resti fuligginosi dei tetti di paglia delle case senza camini e con altri materiali di scarto. In alcune zone sembra conferire al terreno una maggiore fertilit\u00E0. La dark earth di Londra era originariamente chiamata \u201Cterra nera\u201Cdagli archeologi. \u00C8 stata ribattezzata \"terra oscura\" a causa della confusione con il chernozem (terreni di terra nera in Russia), il cui colore tradizionalmente scuro si pensa derivi dall\u2019humus, invece che dalla fuliggine, bench\u00E9 l'opinione non sia universalmente condivisa."@it . . . . . . . "9777"^^ . . . . "1089769586"^^ . . "Les terres noires, terme d'arch\u00E9ologie usit\u00E9 depuis les ann\u00E9es 1980, d\u00E9signent d\u2019\u00E9paisses couches sombres (g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement d'une \u00E9paisseur variant de 0,6 m \u00E0 2 m), d\u2019apparence homog\u00E8ne, qui constituent l\u2019essentiel de la documentation arch\u00E9ologique des villes du haut Moyen \u00C2ge. Elles s\u2019intercalent entre les stratifications antiques (avant le IVe si\u00E8cle) et m\u00E9di\u00E9vales (apr\u00E8s le XIe si\u00E8cle). Caract\u00E9ristiques g\u00E9oarch\u00E9ologiques de nombreuses zones urbanis\u00E9es dans l'Europe nord-occidentale de la fin de l'\u00E9poque tardo-antique, les terres noires ont une origine complexe. Longtemps interpr\u00E9t\u00E9es comme le t\u00E9moignage d'une remise en culture des sols et de l'abandon des villes correspondant \u00E0 image d'un Moyen \u00C2ge sombre toujours pr\u00E9pond\u00E9rante dans l'imaginaire collectif, la recherche actuelle montre la gr"@fr . . . . . "Svart jord"@sv . . . . . "Dark earth in geology is a substratum, up to 1 meter (3.1 feet) thick, that indicates settlement over long periods of time. The material is high in organic matter, including charcoal, which gives it its characteristic dark colour; it may also contain fragments of pottery, tile, animal bone and other artefacts. It is interpreted as soil enriched with the sooty remains of thatched roofs from houses without chimneys, with other waste materials. In some areas it appears to give the soil added fertility."@en . . . "Svart jord kallas de sp\u00E5r som l\u00E5ngvarig bebyggelse l\u00E4mnar i marken. Inom arkeologin \u00E4r omr\u00E5den med svart jord en god fingervisning om under hur l\u00E5ng tid ett omr\u00E5de varit t\u00E4tbebyggt. Materialet inneh\u00E5ller stor m\u00E4ngd organiskt material, bland annat kol, vilket ger den karakteristiska m\u00F6rka f\u00E4rgen, och m\u00E5nga arkeologiska fynd. I England, s\u00E4rskilt London, f\u00F6rekommer svart jord vid romarrikets bebyggelse."@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Svart jord kallas de sp\u00E5r som l\u00E5ngvarig bebyggelse l\u00E4mnar i marken. Inom arkeologin \u00E4r omr\u00E5den med svart jord en god fingervisning om under hur l\u00E5ng tid ett omr\u00E5de varit t\u00E4tbebyggt. Materialet inneh\u00E5ller stor m\u00E4ngd organiskt material, bland annat kol, vilket ger den karakteristiska m\u00F6rka f\u00E4rgen, och m\u00E5nga arkeologiska fynd. I England, s\u00E4rskilt London, f\u00F6rekommer svart jord vid romarrikets bebyggelse."@sv . "Dark earth"@en . . . . . . "Dark earth in geology is a substratum, up to 1 meter (3.1 feet) thick, that indicates settlement over long periods of time. The material is high in organic matter, including charcoal, which gives it its characteristic dark colour; it may also contain fragments of pottery, tile, animal bone and other artefacts. It is interpreted as soil enriched with the sooty remains of thatched roofs from houses without chimneys, with other waste materials. In some areas it appears to give the soil added fertility. London's dark earth was originally called 'black earth' by archaeologists. It was renamed 'dark earth' because of confusion with the chernozem (black earth soils in Russia), whose dark colour is traditionally (not universally) thought to come from humus, rather than soot."@en . . . "Dark earth in archeologia \u00E8 un orizzonte archeologico, che pu\u00F2 raggiungere fino ad un metro di spessore, che indica un insediamento prolungato. Il materiale \u00E8 ricco di sostanze organiche, incluso il carbone, che gli conferisce il caratteristico colore scuro; pu\u00F2 contenere anche frammenti di ceramica, piastrelle, ossa di animali e altri manufatti. Il terreno \u00E8 quindi arricchito con i resti fuligginosi dei tetti di paglia delle case senza camini e con altri materiali di scarto. In alcune zone sembra conferire al terreno una maggiore fertilit\u00E0."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Terres noires"@fr . .