"1095636952"^^ . . . . "El Proceso de M\u00FCller-Rochow es un m\u00E9todo de s\u00EDntesis directa para la producci\u00F3n industrial de clorometilsilanos (MenClmSi4-m-n), que fue desarrollado en mayo de 1940 casi simult\u00E1neamente por el qu\u00EDmico estadounidense Eugene G. Rochow (1909-2002) y el qu\u00EDmico alem\u00E1n Richard M\u00FCller (1903-1999). Los metilclorosilanos son intermedios en la producci\u00F3n de siliconas.\u200B Para el mecanismo catal\u00EDtico de la reacci\u00F3n, hay varias conjeturas, pero ninguna teor\u00EDa generalmente aceptada."@es . "De M\u00FCller-Rochowsynthese of directe synthese is een proced\u00E9 voor de bereiding op industri\u00EBle schaal van organohalosilanen, dit zijn organische siliciumverbindingen waarin silicium verbonden is aan koolwaterstofgroepen (arylgroepen of alkylgroepen) en aan \u00E9\u00E9n of meerdere halogeenatomen.Het is genoemd naar de Amerikaan Eugene G. Rochow en de Duitser , die het onafhankelijk van elkaar ontdekten in het begin van de jaren 1940."@nl . . . "5212"^^ . . . . "Sintesis Rochow, Proses Rochow, atau Proses M\u00FCller-Rochow adalah teknologi yang paling sering dipakai untuk membuat senyawa demi keperluan industri. Metode ini pertama kali dilaporkan secara terpisah oleh dan pada dasawarsa 1940-an. Reaksinya merupakan reaksi alkil halida dengan logam silikon yang dikatalis oleh tembaga. Walaupun secara teoretis dapat dilakukan dengan alkil halida jenis manapun, hasil terbaik akan diperoleh jika yang dipakai adalah metil klorida. Proses ini biasanya dilakukan dengan suhu 300 \u00B0C dan tekanan 2-5 bar. Kondisi ini memungkinkan konversi sebesar 90-98% untuk silikon dan 30-90% untuk klorometana. Diperkirakan 1,4 Mton (Me2SiCl2) diproduksi setiap tahunnya dengan menggunakan teknologi ini."@in . "M\u00FCller-Rochowsynthese"@nl . "Processo Rochow"@pt . . "O processo Rochow \u00E9 um cojunto de rea\u00E7\u00F5es qu\u00EDmicas, partindo de um cloreto de alquila, como o cloreto de metila, que em rea\u00E7\u00E3o com o sil\u00EDcio em presen\u00E7a de cobre como catalisador produz , no caso : 2 CH3Cl + Si \u2192 (CH3)2SiCl2 Estes compostos, em rea\u00E7\u00E3o com \u00E1gua, produzem polisilicones, no caso polimetilsilicone: n (CH3)2SiCl2 + n H2O \u2192 n [(CH3)2SiO]n + n HCl O processo nasceu, fundamentalmente, do trabalho iniciado em 1940, de , qu\u00EDmico estadunidense, que trabalhava para a Hotpoint Company, subsidi\u00E1ria da General Electric Company, por adapta\u00E7\u00E3o da s\u00EDntese de triclorosilano"@pt . "La synth\u00E8se de M\u00FCller-Rochow est une proc\u00E9dure de fabrication \u00E0 l'\u00E9chelle industrielle des qui a \u00E9t\u00E9 d\u00E9velopp\u00E9e en mai 1940 par le pharmacien am\u00E9ricain E. G. Rochow et le pharmacien allemand de Richard M\u00FCller. Pour faire r\u00E9agir du silicium et du chlorure de m\u00E9thyle (CH3Cl), on utilise souvent un catalyseur au cuivre \u00E0 tr\u00E8s haute temp\u00E9rature (300 \u00B0C). On obtient alors des silanes, ces d\u00E9riv\u00E9s donneront (gr\u00E2ce \u00E0 une hydrolyse aqueuse) naissance aux silicones."@fr . . . "La synth\u00E8se de M\u00FCller-Rochow est une proc\u00E9dure de fabrication \u00E0 l'\u00E9chelle industrielle des qui a \u00E9t\u00E9 d\u00E9velopp\u00E9e en mai 1940 par le pharmacien am\u00E9ricain E. G. Rochow et le pharmacien allemand de Richard M\u00FCller. Pour faire r\u00E9agir du silicium et du chlorure de m\u00E9thyle (CH3Cl), on utilise souvent un catalyseur au cuivre \u00E0 tr\u00E8s haute temp\u00E9rature (300 \u00B0C). On obtient alors des silanes, ces d\u00E9riv\u00E9s donneront (gr\u00E2ce \u00E0 une hydrolyse aqueuse) naissance aux silicones."@fr . . . . . . "17030936"^^ . "\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631-\u0631\u0648\u062A\u0634\u0648 \u0647\u064A \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062C\u0644 \u062A\u062D\u0636\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064A. \u062A\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0631\u064A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062F \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A \u064A\u0648\u062C\u064A\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062A\u0634\u0648 Eugene G. Rochow\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062A\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064A\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064A\u0646. \u062A\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627\u064B \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00AB\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u00BB Direct process\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u062A\u0639\u062A\u0645\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0644\u064A: \u062D\u064A\u062B \u064A\u0633\u062A\u062D\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064A \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0629. \u064A\u0646\u062A\u062C \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u062D\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064A 1.4 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064A\u0627\u064B."@ar . "Direct process"@en . . "O processo Rochow \u00E9 um cojunto de rea\u00E7\u00F5es qu\u00EDmicas, partindo de um cloreto de alquila, como o cloreto de metila, que em rea\u00E7\u00E3o com o sil\u00EDcio em presen\u00E7a de cobre como catalisador produz , no caso : 2 CH3Cl + Si \u2192 (CH3)2SiCl2 Estes compostos, em rea\u00E7\u00E3o com \u00E1gua, produzem polisilicones, no caso polimetilsilicone: n (CH3)2SiCl2 + n H2O \u2192 n [(CH3)2SiO]n + n HCl O processo nasceu, fundamentalmente, do trabalho iniciado em 1940, de , qu\u00EDmico estadunidense, que trabalhava para a Hotpoint Company, subsidi\u00E1ria da General Electric Company, por adapta\u00E7\u00E3o da s\u00EDntese de triclorosilano 2 Si + 6 HCl \u2192 2 HSiCl3 + 2 H2 Combinado ao trabalho anterior de Alfred Stock, qu\u00EDmico alem\u00E3o, que afirmava que \u00E1tomos de hidrog\u00EAnio ligados ao sil\u00EDcio eram apenas o primeiro membro ligado a uma s\u00E9rie de alquilas, como: CH3-, C2H5-, etc."@pt . . . . . . "\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631-\u0631\u0648\u062A\u0634\u0648 \u0647\u064A \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062C\u0644 \u062A\u062D\u0636\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064A. \u062A\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0631\u064A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062F \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A \u064A\u0648\u062C\u064A\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062A\u0634\u0648 Eugene G. Rochow\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062A\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064A\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064A\u0646. \u062A\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627\u064B \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00AB\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u00BB Direct process\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u062A\u0639\u062A\u0645\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0644\u064A: \u062D\u064A\u062B \u064A\u0633\u062A\u062D\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064A \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0629. \u064A\u0646\u062A\u062C \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u062D\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064A 1.4 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064A\u0627\u064B."@ar . . . . "El Proceso de M\u00FCller-Rochow es un m\u00E9todo de s\u00EDntesis directa para la producci\u00F3n industrial de clorometilsilanos (MenClmSi4-m-n), que fue desarrollado en mayo de 1940 casi simult\u00E1neamente por el qu\u00EDmico estadounidense Eugene G. Rochow (1909-2002) y el qu\u00EDmico alem\u00E1n Richard M\u00FCller (1903-1999). Los metilclorosilanos son intermedios en la producci\u00F3n de siliconas.\u200B Para el mecanismo catal\u00EDtico de la reacci\u00F3n, hay varias conjeturas, pero ninguna teor\u00EDa generalmente aceptada."@es . . . . "Die M\u00FCller-Rochow-Synthese ist ein Verfahren f\u00FCr die gro\u00DFtechnische Herstellung von Methylchlorsilanen, die im Mai 1940 fast gleichzeitig von dem US-amerikanischen Chemiker Eugene G. Rochow (1909 bis 2002) und dem deutschen Chemiker Richard M\u00FCller (1903 bis 1999) entwickelt wurde.Methylchlorsilane sind Zwischenprodukte bei der Herstellung von Siliconen.Zum katalytischen Mechanismus der Reaktion gibt es verschiedene Vermutungen, aber keine allgemein akzeptierte Theorie."@de . "Synth\u00E8se de M\u00FCller-Rochow"@fr . "Sintesis Rochow"@in . "Proceso de M\u00FCller-Rochow"@es . . . . . . "M\u00FCller-Rochow-Synthese"@de . . . "The direct process, also called the direct synthesis, Rochow process, and M\u00FCller-Rochow process is the most common technology for preparing organosilicon compounds on an industrial scale. It was first reported independently by Eugene G. Rochow and Richard M\u00FCller in the 1940s. The process involves copper-catalyzed reactions of alkyl halides with elemental silicon, which take place in a fluidized bed reactor. Although theoretically possible with any alkyl halide, the best results in terms of selectivity and yield occur with chloromethane (CH3Cl). Typical conditions are 300 \u00B0C and 2\u20135 bar. These conditions allow for 90\u201398% conversion for silicon and 30\u201390% for chloromethane. Approximately 1.4 Mton of dimethyldichlorosilane (Me2SiCl2) is produced annually using this process. Few companies actually carry out the Rochow process, because of the complex technology and has high capital requirements. Since the silicon is crushed prior to reaction in a fluidized bed, the companies practicing this technology are referred to as silicon crushers."@en . . . . . . . . . "M\u00FCller\u016Fv\u2013Rochow\u016Fv proces"@cs . "Sintesis Rochow, Proses Rochow, atau Proses M\u00FCller-Rochow adalah teknologi yang paling sering dipakai untuk membuat senyawa demi keperluan industri. Metode ini pertama kali dilaporkan secara terpisah oleh dan pada dasawarsa 1940-an. Reaksinya merupakan reaksi alkil halida dengan logam silikon yang dikatalis oleh tembaga. Walaupun secara teoretis dapat dilakukan dengan alkil halida jenis manapun, hasil terbaik akan diperoleh jika yang dipakai adalah metil klorida. Proses ini biasanya dilakukan dengan suhu 300 \u00B0C dan tekanan 2-5 bar. Kondisi ini memungkinkan konversi sebesar 90-98% untuk silikon dan 30-90% untuk klorometana. Diperkirakan 1,4 Mton (Me2SiCl2) diproduksi setiap tahunnya dengan menggunakan teknologi ini."@in . . "De M\u00FCller-Rochowsynthese of directe synthese is een proced\u00E9 voor de bereiding op industri\u00EBle schaal van organohalosilanen, dit zijn organische siliciumverbindingen waarin silicium verbonden is aan koolwaterstofgroepen (arylgroepen of alkylgroepen) en aan \u00E9\u00E9n of meerdere halogeenatomen.Het is genoemd naar de Amerikaan Eugene G. Rochow en de Duitser , die het onafhankelijk van elkaar ontdekten in het begin van de jaren 1940."@nl . "Die M\u00FCller-Rochow-Synthese ist ein Verfahren f\u00FCr die gro\u00DFtechnische Herstellung von Methylchlorsilanen, die im Mai 1940 fast gleichzeitig von dem US-amerikanischen Chemiker Eugene G. Rochow (1909 bis 2002) und dem deutschen Chemiker Richard M\u00FCller (1903 bis 1999) entwickelt wurde.Methylchlorsilane sind Zwischenprodukte bei der Herstellung von Siliconen.Zum katalytischen Mechanismus der Reaktion gibt es verschiedene Vermutungen, aber keine allgemein akzeptierte Theorie."@de . "The direct process, also called the direct synthesis, Rochow process, and M\u00FCller-Rochow process is the most common technology for preparing organosilicon compounds on an industrial scale. It was first reported independently by Eugene G. Rochow and Richard M\u00FCller in the 1940s. Few companies actually carry out the Rochow process, because of the complex technology and has high capital requirements. Since the silicon is crushed prior to reaction in a fluidized bed, the companies practicing this technology are referred to as silicon crushers."@en . . . "\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0631-\u0631\u0648\u062A\u0634\u0648"@ar . . .