. . . "World Trade Organization"@en . "10183289"^^ . . . . "O sistema de solu\u00E7\u00E3o de controv\u00E9rsias da Organiza\u00E7\u00E3o Mundial do Com\u00E9rcio (OMC) foi criado pelos pa\u00EDses membros durante a Rodada do Uruguai e \u00E9 usualmente referido como uma contribui\u00E7\u00E3o \u00FAnica da OMC para a estabilidade da economia global. Esses entendimentos da Rodada do Uruguai, que culminaram, em 1994, no Entendimento sobre Solu\u00E7\u00E3o de Controv\u00E9rsias - ESC (Dispute Settlement Understanding - DSU) constante do Anexo 2 do Tratado de Marrakesh, introduziram um modelo mais claro e organizado de solu\u00E7\u00E3o de controv\u00E9rsias que o procedimento adotado pelo antigo GATT."@pt . . "\u4E16\u754C\u8D38\u6613\u7EC4\u7EC7\u4E89\u7AEF\u89E3\u51B3\u673A\u5236"@zh . . "1110855115"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "27819"^^ . "Dispute settlement or dispute settlement system (DSS) is regarded by the World Trade Organization (WTO) as the central pillar of the multilateral trading system, and as the organization's \"unique contribution to the stability of the global economy\". A dispute arises when one member country adopts a trade policy measure or takes some action that one or more fellow members consider to be a breach of WTO agreements or to be a failure to live up to obligations. By joining the WTO, member countries have agreed that if they believe fellow members are in violation of trade rules, they will use the multilateral system of settling disputes instead of taking action unilaterally \u2014 this entails abiding by agreed procedures\u2014Dispute Settlement Understanding\u2014and respecting judgments, primarily of the Dis"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Prompt compliance with recommendations or rulings of the DSB is essential in order to ensure effective resolution of disputes to the benefit of all Members."@en . . . . "\u4E89\u7AEF\u89E3\u51B3\u673A\u5236\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ADispute settlement\uFF09\u88AB\u4E16\u754C\u8D38\u6613\u7EC4\u7EC7\uFF08WTO\uFF09\u89C6\u4E3A\u591A\u8FB9\u8D38\u6613\u4F53\u7CFB\u7684\u4E2D\u5FC3\u652F\u67F1\uFF0C\u5E76\u4F5C\u4E3A\u8BE5\u7EC4\u7EC7\u7684\u201C\u5BF9\u5168\u7403\u7ECF\u6D4E\u7A33\u5B9A\u7684\u72EC\u7279\u8D21\u732E\u201D\u3002 \u5F53\u4E00\u4E2A\u6210\u5458\u56FD\u91C7\u53D6\u8D38\u6613\u653F\u7B56\u63AA\u65BD\u6216\u91C7\u53D6\u884C\u52A8\u65F6\uFF0C\u4E00\u4E2A\u6216\u591A\u4E2A\u6210\u5458\u56FD\u8BA4\u4E3A\u8FDD\u53CDWTO\u534F\u5B9A\u6216\u672A\u80FD\u5C65\u884C\u4E49\u52A1\uFF0C\u5219\u4F1A\u53D1\u751F\u4E89\u7AEF\u3002\u52A0\u5165\u4E16\u8D38\u7EC4\u7EC7\u540E\uFF0C\u5404\u6210\u5458\u56FD\u4E00\u81F4\u8BA4\u4E3A\uFF0C\u5982\u679C\u4ED6\u4EEC\u8BA4\u4E3A\u6210\u5458\u8FDD\u53CD\u8D38\u6613\u89C4\u5219\uFF0C\u4ED6\u4EEC\u5C06\u91C7\u7528\u591A\u8FB9\u89E3\u51B3\u4E89\u7AEF\u7684\u5236\u5EA6\uFF0C\u800C\u4E0D\u662F\u5355\u65B9\u9762\u91C7\u53D6\u884C\u52A8\u2014\u2014\u8FD9\u5FC5\u987B\u9075\u5B88\u5546\u5B9A\u7684\u7A0B\u5E8F\uFF08Dispute Settlement Understanding\uFF09\u5E76\u5C0A\u91CD\u5224\u51B3\uFF0C\u4E3B\u8981\u7531\u8D1F\u8D23\u88C1\u51B3\u4E89\u7AEF\u7684WTO\u673A\u6784\u4E89\u7AEF\u89E3\u51B3\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\uFF08Dispute Settlement Board\uFF0CDSB\uFF09\u8D1F\u8D23\u3002 \u4E00\u4F4D\u524DWTO\u603B\u5E72\u4E8B\u5C06WTO\u4E89\u7AEF\u89E3\u51B3\u673A\u5236\u79F0\u4E3A\u201C\u5F53\u4ECA\u4E16\u754C\u4E0A\u6700\u6D3B\u8DC3\u7684\u56FD\u9645\u88C1\u51B3\u673A\u5236\u201D\u3002 \u5F7C\u5F97\u68EE\u56FD\u9645\u7ECF\u6D4E\u7814\u7A76\u6240\u7684Chad P. Bown\u548C\u54E5\u4F26\u6BD4\u4E9A\u5927\u5B66\u6CD5\u5B66\u9662\u7684Petros Mavroidis\u5728\u4E89\u8BAE\u89E3\u51B3\u7CFB\u7EDF20\u5468\u5E74\u7EAA\u5FF5\u65E5\u8868\u793A\u8BE5\u7CFB\u7EDF\u201C\u5F3A\u52BF\u201D\u5E76\u4E14\u201C\u6CA1\u6709\u4EFB\u4F55\u5F31\u5316\u8FF9\u8C61\u201D"@zh . . "Dispute settlement or dispute settlement system (DSS) is regarded by the World Trade Organization (WTO) as the central pillar of the multilateral trading system, and as the organization's \"unique contribution to the stability of the global economy\". A dispute arises when one member country adopts a trade policy measure or takes some action that one or more fellow members consider to be a breach of WTO agreements or to be a failure to live up to obligations. By joining the WTO, member countries have agreed that if they believe fellow members are in violation of trade rules, they will use the multilateral system of settling disputes instead of taking action unilaterally \u2014 this entails abiding by agreed procedures\u2014Dispute Settlement Understanding\u2014and respecting judgments, primarily of the Dispute Settlement Board (DSB), the WTO organ responsible for adjudication of disputes. A former WTO Director-General characterized the WTO dispute settlement system as \"the most active international adjudicative mechanism in the world today.\" Chad P. Bown of the Peterson Institute for International Economics and Petros Mavroidis of Columbia Law School remarked on the 20th anniversary of the dispute settlement system that the system is \"going strong\" and that \"there is no sign of weakening\". The dispute settlement mechanism in the WTO is one way in which trade is increased."@en . . "Dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization"@en . . "Das Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU) ist das v\u00F6lkerrechtliche Abkommen, welches den Ablauf der Vorg\u00E4nge im Dispute Settlement Body der Welthandelsorganisation regelt. Der vollst\u00E4ndige Name ist Understanding on rules and procedures governing the settlement of disputes."@de . "Sistema de resolu\u00E7\u00E3o de controv\u00E9rsias da Organiza\u00E7\u00E3o Mundial do Com\u00E9rcio"@pt . . . . "\u4E89\u7AEF\u89E3\u51B3\u673A\u5236\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ADispute settlement\uFF09\u88AB\u4E16\u754C\u8D38\u6613\u7EC4\u7EC7\uFF08WTO\uFF09\u89C6\u4E3A\u591A\u8FB9\u8D38\u6613\u4F53\u7CFB\u7684\u4E2D\u5FC3\u652F\u67F1\uFF0C\u5E76\u4F5C\u4E3A\u8BE5\u7EC4\u7EC7\u7684\u201C\u5BF9\u5168\u7403\u7ECF\u6D4E\u7A33\u5B9A\u7684\u72EC\u7279\u8D21\u732E\u201D\u3002 \u5F53\u4E00\u4E2A\u6210\u5458\u56FD\u91C7\u53D6\u8D38\u6613\u653F\u7B56\u63AA\u65BD\u6216\u91C7\u53D6\u884C\u52A8\u65F6\uFF0C\u4E00\u4E2A\u6216\u591A\u4E2A\u6210\u5458\u56FD\u8BA4\u4E3A\u8FDD\u53CDWTO\u534F\u5B9A\u6216\u672A\u80FD\u5C65\u884C\u4E49\u52A1\uFF0C\u5219\u4F1A\u53D1\u751F\u4E89\u7AEF\u3002\u52A0\u5165\u4E16\u8D38\u7EC4\u7EC7\u540E\uFF0C\u5404\u6210\u5458\u56FD\u4E00\u81F4\u8BA4\u4E3A\uFF0C\u5982\u679C\u4ED6\u4EEC\u8BA4\u4E3A\u6210\u5458\u8FDD\u53CD\u8D38\u6613\u89C4\u5219\uFF0C\u4ED6\u4EEC\u5C06\u91C7\u7528\u591A\u8FB9\u89E3\u51B3\u4E89\u7AEF\u7684\u5236\u5EA6\uFF0C\u800C\u4E0D\u662F\u5355\u65B9\u9762\u91C7\u53D6\u884C\u52A8\u2014\u2014\u8FD9\u5FC5\u987B\u9075\u5B88\u5546\u5B9A\u7684\u7A0B\u5E8F\uFF08Dispute Settlement Understanding\uFF09\u5E76\u5C0A\u91CD\u5224\u51B3\uFF0C\u4E3B\u8981\u7531\u8D1F\u8D23\u88C1\u51B3\u4E89\u7AEF\u7684WTO\u673A\u6784\u4E89\u7AEF\u89E3\u51B3\u59D4\u5458\u4F1A\uFF08Dispute Settlement Board\uFF0CDSB\uFF09\u8D1F\u8D23\u3002 \u4E00\u4F4D\u524DWTO\u603B\u5E72\u4E8B\u5C06WTO\u4E89\u7AEF\u89E3\u51B3\u673A\u5236\u79F0\u4E3A\u201C\u5F53\u4ECA\u4E16\u754C\u4E0A\u6700\u6D3B\u8DC3\u7684\u56FD\u9645\u88C1\u51B3\u673A\u5236\u201D\u3002 \u5F7C\u5F97\u68EE\u56FD\u9645\u7ECF\u6D4E\u7814\u7A76\u6240\u7684Chad P. Bown\u548C\u54E5\u4F26\u6BD4\u4E9A\u5927\u5B66\u6CD5\u5B66\u9662\u7684Petros Mavroidis\u5728\u4E89\u8BAE\u89E3\u51B3\u7CFB\u7EDF20\u5468\u5E74\u7EAA\u5FF5\u65E5\u8868\u793A\u8BE5\u7CFB\u7EDF\u201C\u5F3A\u52BF\u201D\u5E76\u4E14\u201C\u6CA1\u6709\u4EFB\u4F55\u5F31\u5316\u8FF9\u8C61\u201D"@zh . . . "Article 21.1 of the DSU"@en . . . . . "Dispute Settlement Understanding"@de . . . . . . . "Das Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU) ist das v\u00F6lkerrechtliche Abkommen, welches den Ablauf der Vorg\u00E4nge im Dispute Settlement Body der Welthandelsorganisation regelt. Der vollst\u00E4ndige Name ist Understanding on rules and procedures governing the settlement of disputes."@de . . . . "O sistema de solu\u00E7\u00E3o de controv\u00E9rsias da Organiza\u00E7\u00E3o Mundial do Com\u00E9rcio (OMC) foi criado pelos pa\u00EDses membros durante a Rodada do Uruguai e \u00E9 usualmente referido como uma contribui\u00E7\u00E3o \u00FAnica da OMC para a estabilidade da economia global. Esses entendimentos da Rodada do Uruguai, que culminaram, em 1994, no Entendimento sobre Solu\u00E7\u00E3o de Controv\u00E9rsias - ESC (Dispute Settlement Understanding - DSU) constante do Anexo 2 do Tratado de Marrakesh, introduziram um modelo mais claro e organizado de solu\u00E7\u00E3o de controv\u00E9rsias que o procedimento adotado pelo antigo GATT. O objetivo central do sistema de solu\u00E7\u00E3o de controv\u00E9rsias da OMC \u00E9 o de prover seguran\u00E7a e previsibilidade ao sistema multilateral de com\u00E9rcio. Cabe ressaltar, entretanto, que as decis\u00F5es proferidas n\u00E3o s\u00E3o vinculantes. A efic\u00E1cia do mecanismo previsto no ESC (DSU) se baseia em tr\u00EAs caracter\u00EDsticas. \n* Abrang\u00EAncia: todos os acordos da OMC est\u00E3o cobertos pelo mecanismo. \n* Automaticidade: deriva da regra do consenso negativo, v\u00E1lida para diversos procedimentos (como o estabelecimento dos Pain\u00E9is, as decis\u00F5es dos \u00D3rg\u00E3os de Apela\u00E7\u00E3o, etc.) e garante que o mecanismo somente pode ser interrompido por acordo m\u00FAtuo das partes em lit\u00EDgio. \n* Exequibilidade: uma adapta\u00E7\u00E3o do termo em ingl\u00EAs enforcement, e que significa dizer que verificando-se o descumprimento de decis\u00E3o do \u00D3rg\u00E3o de Solu\u00E7\u00E3o de Controv\u00E9rsias, embasada em relat\u00F3rio do Painel ou do Corpo de Apela\u00E7\u00E3o, o membro demandante poder\u00E1 solicitar autoriza\u00E7\u00E3o para retaliar. As disputas surgem quando um pa\u00EDs adota uma medida de pol\u00EDtica comercial ou faz algo que um ou mais membros da OMC considerem que viole os acordos da pr\u00F3pria organiza\u00E7\u00E3o. Somente est\u00E3o aptos a participar do sistema de disputas os pa\u00EDses membros da OMC, seja como parte ou como terceiro interessado. Sendo assim, \u00E9 invi\u00E1vel que agentes n\u00E3o governamentais sejam partes nas disputas. O sistema adotado pelo ESC (DSU) n\u00E3o visa estimular a litigiosidade e por isso as solu\u00E7\u00F5es mutuamente consentidas pelas partes s\u00E3o prefer\u00EDveis , desde que n\u00E3o contrariem nenhum acordo firmado entre os membros da OMC. Nesse sentido, existem outras formas de solu\u00E7\u00E3o de controv\u00E9rsias que n\u00E3o necessitem de recursos para o Painel e para o Corpo de Apela\u00E7\u00E3o. S\u00E3o os bons servi\u00E7os (good offices), a concilia\u00E7\u00E3o e a media\u00E7\u00E3o, que podem ser requeridas a qualquer tempo do processo por alguma parte. O ESC (DSU) tamb\u00E9m prev\u00EA a possibilidade de arbitragem como forma alternativa de solu\u00E7\u00E3o de controv\u00E9rsias."@pt .