. . . . . . . . . . . . "vertical"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1929-05-14"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Edvard August Vainio"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1853-08-05"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "White tree bark with many black lines and squiggles embedded in it"@en . . . . "Cladonia transcendens 140458.jpg"@en . . . . . . . . "Head shot of Edvard August Vainio"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Edvard August Vainio"@en . . "Head shot of elderly man with white beard"@en . . . "200"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Graphis crebra 722711.jpg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Cladonia sobolescens? .jpg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30A8\u30C9\u30F4\u30A1\u30EB\u30C8\u30FB\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA"@ja . "Edvard August Vainio (born Edvard Lang; 5 August 1853 \u2013 14 May 1929) was a Finnish lichenologist. His early works on the lichens of Lapland, his three-volume monograph on the lichen genus Cladonia, and, in particular, his study of the classification and form and structure of lichens in Brazil, made Vainio renowned internationally in the field of lichenology. Young Vainio's friendship with university student Johan Petter Norrlin, who was nearly eleven years older, helped him develop an impressive knowledge of the local cryptogams (ferns, mosses, algae, and fungi, including lichens) and afforded him ample opportunity to hone his collection and identification techniques at an early age. It was through this association that Vainio met Norrlin's teacher, the prominent lichenologist William Nylander, who supported his early botanical efforts. Vainio's earliest works dealt with phytogeography\u2014elucidating and enumerating the local flora\u2014and are considered the earliest publications on phytogeography in the Finnish language. In these early publications he demonstrated an attention to detail and thoroughness that would become characteristic of his later work. After graduating from the University of Helsinki in 1880, Vainio became a docent, meaning he was qualified to teach academically, but without a regular salary. Despite his scientific successes and the international recognition he gained through his research, he never obtained a permanent position in this university. This was a result, he said, of his intense Finnish nationalism and desire to promote the use of the Finnish language in academia during a time of language strife, when Latin dominated the scientific literature, and Swedish was the predominant language of administration and education. Disillusioned with his prospects for permanent academic employment, and faced with the reality of having to provide for his family, he was obliged to accept a position with the Russian censorship authority, which led to his ostracism by the Finnish scientific community. Vainio described about 1700 new taxa, and published more than 100 scientific works. He made significant scientific collections of lichens, and, as a result of his many years of work as herbarium curator at both the University of Helsinki, and later the University of Turku, he catalogued and processed other collections from all over the world, including the Arctic and Antarctica. Because of the significance of his works on lichens in the tropics and other locales, he has been called the Father of Brazilian lichenology and the Grand Old Man of lichenology."@en . . . . . . . "Johann M\u00FCller, William Nylander, and Theodor Magnus Fries were prominent botanists invited to comment on the merits of Vainio's research for his dissertation."@en . . . "Dr. Edvard (Edward) August Vainio (o Wainio) (Pieks\u00E4m\u00E4ki, Finlandia 1853 - 1929), fue un explorador, bot\u00E1nico, bri\u00F3logo, y mic\u00F3logo fin\u00E9s. realiz\u00F3 explediciones bot\u00E1nicas a Hungr\u00EDa, Francia, Rusia, Suiza, Brasil, Ant\u00E1rtida. El austr\u00EDaco Alexander Zahlbruckner elabor\u00F3 un nuevo sistema de clasificaci\u00F3n de l\u00EDquenes en base sobre todo con las ideas de Edvard August Vainio quien fue el primero en indicar claramente que considerar a los l\u00EDquenes como setas \u00AB liquenizadas \u00BB, es decir, no se diferencian de otros hongos m\u00E1s que por la simbiosis que anudan con las algas o con las cianobacterias."@es . . . . . "Vainio in 1924 at age 71"@en . . "left"@en . . . . . . "Edvard Lang"@en . . . . "Edvard Vainio"@sv . "Edvard August Vainio (\u00E4ven Wainio, ursprungligen Lang), f\u00F6dd 5 augusti 1853 i Pieks\u00E4m\u00E4ki, d\u00F6d 14 maj 1929 i \u00C5bo, var en finl\u00E4ndsk botaniker. Vainio blev student 1870, filosofie kandidat 1877 och filosofie licentiat 1878 samt var docent i botanik vid Helsingfors universitet 1880\u20131906. Efter att ha verkat som skoll\u00E4rare p\u00E5 olika h\u00E5ll och varit uppf\u00F6rd p\u00E5 f\u00F6rslag till professuren i botanik vid n\u00E4mnda universitet 1891 innehade han 1891\u20131918 olika befattningar inom censurinstitutionen \u00E4nda till 1918, d\u00E5 censurinstitutionen slopades."@sv . . . "Lichenology"@en . "Greenish lichen comprising erect podetia growing on ground with mosses"@en . . "Edvard August Vainio (ur. 5 sierpnia 1853 w Pieks\u00E4m\u00E4ki, zm. 14 maja 1929 w Turku) \u2013 fi\u0144ski lichenolog. Jego prace na temat flory ro\u015Blin kryptogamicznych Laponii i trzytomowa monografia rodzaju Cladonia, a zw\u0142aszcza jego badanie klasyfikacji i morfologii porost\u00F3w Brazylii sprawi\u0142y, \u017Ce Vainio sta\u0142 si\u0119 znany w naukowym \u015Bwiecie."@pl . . . . "Theodor Magnus Fries.jpg"@en . . . . . . . . . "Edvard August Vainio (\u00E4ven Wainio, ursprungligen Lang), f\u00F6dd 5 augusti 1853 i Pieks\u00E4m\u00E4ki, d\u00F6d 14 maj 1929 i \u00C5bo, var en finl\u00E4ndsk botaniker. Vainio blev student 1870, filosofie kandidat 1877 och filosofie licentiat 1878 samt var docent i botanik vid Helsingfors universitet 1880\u20131906. Efter att ha verkat som skoll\u00E4rare p\u00E5 olika h\u00E5ll och varit uppf\u00F6rd p\u00E5 f\u00F6rslag till professuren i botanik vid n\u00E4mnda universitet 1891 innehade han 1891\u20131918 olika befattningar inom censurinstitutionen \u00E4nda till 1918, d\u00E5 censurinstitutionen slopades. Vainio var redan i unga \u00E5r intresserad av botanik och bereste olika delar av Finland samt unders\u00F6kte flera somrar gr\u00E4nstrakterna mellan norra Finland och Ryssland. \u00C5r 1880 deltog han i en expedition till v\u00E4stra Sibirien, 1885 gjorde han exkursioner i Brasilien. Han specialiserade sig som lichenolog. Av Vainios vetenskapliga skrifter framst\u00E5r som omfattande och betydande Monographia Cladoniarum (1887\u201397) och \u00C9tude sur la classification naturelle et la morphologie des lichens du Br\u00E9sil (professorsspecimen 1890); ett tidigare gjort f\u00F6rs\u00F6k att inom lavsystematiken till\u00E4mpa vissa av utvecklingsl\u00E4rans id\u00E9er vidareutvecklade han ej. Vainios skrifter har en helt \u00F6verv\u00E4gande deskriptiv karakt\u00E4r. De gjorde emellertid honom till en av den systematiska lichenologins mest v\u00E4rderade och anlitade ut\u00F6vare. M\u00E5nga vetenskapliga institutioner och samlare inom och utom Europa anf\u00F6rtrodde honom bearbetningen av lavkollektioner fr\u00E5n hela v\u00E4rlden, f\u00F6r vilka han i utl\u00E4ndska tidskrifter och i l\u00E4rda s\u00E4llskaps skrifter redogjorde."@sv . . . . . . . . . . "\u0412\u0430\u0439\u043D\u0438\u043E, \u042D\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0410\u0443\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442"@ru . . . . . . . "Vainio described many new Cladonia species, including C. sobolescens , C. subradiata , and C. transcendens ."@en . . . . . "\u042D\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0410\u0443\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 \u0412\u0430\u0439\u043D\u0438\u043E (\u0444\u0438\u043D. Edvard August Vainio, \u0434\u043E 1919 \u2014 Wainio, \u0434\u043E 1877 \u2014 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u0433 (Lang); 5 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1853, \u041F\u0438\u0435\u043A\u0441\u044F\u043C\u044F\u043A\u0438, \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043A\u043D\u044F\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u0424\u0438\u043D\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u2014 14 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1929, \u0422\u0443\u0440\u043A\u0443, \u0424\u0438\u043D\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0434\u0438\u044F) \u2014 \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0444\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043B\u0438\u0445\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0435."@ru . . . . . . . . . "64560606"^^ . . . . . . "Edvard August Vainio (ur. 5 sierpnia 1853 w Pieks\u00E4m\u00E4ki, zm. 14 maja 1929 w Turku) \u2013 fi\u0144ski lichenolog. Jego prace na temat flory ro\u015Blin kryptogamicznych Laponii i trzytomowa monografia rodzaju Cladonia, a zw\u0142aszcza jego badanie klasyfikacji i morfologii porost\u00F3w Brazylii sprawi\u0142y, \u017Ce Vainio sta\u0142 si\u0119 znany w naukowym \u015Bwiecie."@pl . "Edvard August Vainio"@en . . . . "Graphis plumierae 722683.jpg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Cladonia subradiata - Flickr - pellaea.jpg"@en . . "Turku, Finland"@en . "1929-05-14"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bushy green lichen growing on ground amongst mosses"@en . "300"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Finnish"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "University of Helsinki"@en . . "1853-08-05"^^ . "Johannes M\u00FCller Argoviensis.png"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Vain."@en . . . "Greenish-grey lichen of erect podetia topped with bulbous red formations"@en . "\u30A8\u30C9\u30F4\u30A1\u30EB\u30C8\u30FB\u30A2\u30A6\u30B0\u30B9\u30C8\u30FB\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA\uFF08Edvard August Vainio\u30011876\u5E74\u307E\u3067 Lang\u30011876-1919 Wainio\u3068\u79F0\u3059\u308B\u30011853\u5E748\u67085\u65E5 - 1929\u5E745\u670814\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u30D5\u30A3\u30F3\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u306E\u690D\u7269\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u5357\u30B5\u30F4\u30A9\u770C\u306E\u30D4\u30A8\u30AF\u30B5\u30DE\u30AD(Pieks\u00E4m\u00E4ki)\u306B\u751F\u307E\u308C\u305F\u3002\u690D\u7269\u5B66\u3092\u5B66\u30731878\u5E74\u306B\u306F\u30CF\u30E1\u5DDE\u6771\u90E8\u3084\u30D5\u30A3\u30F3\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u5317\u90E8\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u306E\u30AB\u30EC\u30EA\u30A2\u3068\u306E\u56FD\u5883\u5730\u57DF\u306E\u690D\u7269\u5730\u7406\u5B66\u306E\u8AD6\u6587\u3092\u767A\u8868\u3057\u305F\u30021880\u5E74\u304B\u30891906\u5E74\u306E\u9593\u3001\u30D8\u30EB\u30B7\u30F3\u30AD\u5927\u5B66\u306E\u51C6\u6559\u6388\u3092\u52D9\u3081\u305F\u3002\u5F8C\u306B\u5730\u8863\u985E\u3092\u5C02\u9580\u3068\u3057\u3001\u30D5\u30A3\u30F3\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u5404\u5730\u3084\u56FD\u5916\u304B\u3089\u3001\u6A19\u672C\u3092\u53CE\u96C6\u3057\u305F\u30021880\u5E74\u306B\u897F\u30B7\u30D9\u30EA\u30A2\u3092\u65C5\u3057\u30011885\u5E74\u306B\u30D6\u30E9\u30B8\u30EB\u306B\u30D5\u30A3\u30FC\u30EB\u30C9\u8ABF\u67FB\u3057\u305F\u3002 1888\u5E74\u306B\u30D6\u30E9\u30B8\u30EB\u306E\u65C5\u884C\u8A18\u9332\u306A\u3069\u3092\u767A\u8868\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30D8\u30EB\u30B7\u30F3\u30AD\u5927\u5B66\u3067\u306F\u6559\u6388\u306E\u5730\u4F4D\u304C\u5F97\u3089\u308C\u306A\u304B\u3063\u305F\u306E\u3067\u30011891\u5E74\u304B\u3089\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u653F\u5E9C\u306E\u691C\u95B2\u306E\u4ED5\u4E8B\u306A\u3069\u3092\u884C\u3063\u305F\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30D5\u30A3\u30F3\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u4EBA\u306E\u652F\u6301\u3092\u5931\u3044\u3001\u5B66\u554F\u306E\u4E16\u754C\u3067\u3082\u758E\u5916\u3055\u308C\u3001\u6559\u8077\u3082\u5931\u3063\u305F\u30021919\u5E74\u306B\u30C8\u30A5\u30EB\u30AF\u5927\u5B66\u304C\u3001\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA\u306E\u6A19\u672C\u3092\u8CFC\u5165\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7D4C\u6E08\u7684\u82E6\u5883\u3092\u6551\u3063\u305F\u30021922\u5E74\u306B\u306F\u6559\u8077\u3082\u4E0E\u3048\u3089\u308C\u3001\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30C8\u30A5\u30EB\u30AF\u5927\u5B66\u306E\u6A19\u672C\u6570\u306F35,000\u307E\u3067\u62E1\u5145\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002 Vain.\u306F\u3001\u690D\u7269\u306E\u5B66\u540D\u3067\u547D\u540D\u8005\u3092\u793A\u3059\u5834\u5408\u306B\u30A8\u30C9\u30F4\u30A1\u30EB\u30C8\u30FB\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA\u3092\u793A\u3059\u306E\u306B\u4F7F\u308F\u308C\u308B\u3002\uFF08\u547D\u540D\u8005\u7565\u8A18\u3092\u95B2\u89A7\u3059\u308B\uFF0FIPNI\u3067Author Details\u3092\u691C\u7D22\u3059\u308B\u3002\uFF09"@ja . . . . . . "Edvard August Vainio (born Edvard Lang; 5 August 1853 \u2013 14 May 1929) was a Finnish lichenologist. His early works on the lichens of Lapland, his three-volume monograph on the lichen genus Cladonia, and, in particular, his study of the classification and form and structure of lichens in Brazil, made Vainio renowned internationally in the field of lichenology."@en . . . . . . "Dr. Edvard (Edward) August Vainio (o Wainio) (Pieks\u00E4m\u00E4ki, Finlandia 1853 - 1929), fue un explorador, bot\u00E1nico, bri\u00F3logo, y mic\u00F3logo fin\u00E9s. realiz\u00F3 explediciones bot\u00E1nicas a Hungr\u00EDa, Francia, Rusia, Suiza, Brasil, Ant\u00E1rtida. El austr\u00EDaco Alexander Zahlbruckner elabor\u00F3 un nuevo sistema de clasificaci\u00F3n de l\u00EDquenes en base sobre todo con las ideas de Edvard August Vainio quien fue el primero en indicar claramente que considerar a los l\u00EDquenes como setas \u00AB liquenizadas \u00BB, es decir, no se diferencian de otros hongos m\u00E1s que por la simbiosis que anudan con las algas o con las cianobacterias."@es . . . . . . . . . "1110281699"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Edvard August Vainio"@pl . . . . . . "Edvard August Vainio"@en . . . . . . . . "\u042D\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0410\u0443\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 \u0412\u0430\u0439\u043D\u0438\u043E (\u0444\u0438\u043D. Edvard August Vainio, \u0434\u043E 1919 \u2014 Wainio, \u0434\u043E 1877 \u2014 \u041B\u0430\u043D\u0433 (Lang); 5 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1853, \u041F\u0438\u0435\u043A\u0441\u044F\u043C\u044F\u043A\u0438, \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043A\u043D\u044F\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u0424\u0438\u043D\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u2014 14 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1929, \u0422\u0443\u0440\u043A\u0443, \u0424\u0438\u043D\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0434\u0438\u044F) \u2014 \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0444\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043B\u0438\u0445\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0435."@ru . "\u30A8\u30C9\u30F4\u30A1\u30EB\u30C8\u30FB\u30A2\u30A6\u30B0\u30B9\u30C8\u30FB\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA\uFF08Edvard August Vainio\u30011876\u5E74\u307E\u3067 Lang\u30011876-1919 Wainio\u3068\u79F0\u3059\u308B\u30011853\u5E748\u67085\u65E5 - 1929\u5E745\u670814\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u30D5\u30A3\u30F3\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u306E\u690D\u7269\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u5357\u30B5\u30F4\u30A9\u770C\u306E\u30D4\u30A8\u30AF\u30B5\u30DE\u30AD(Pieks\u00E4m\u00E4ki)\u306B\u751F\u307E\u308C\u305F\u3002\u690D\u7269\u5B66\u3092\u5B66\u30731878\u5E74\u306B\u306F\u30CF\u30E1\u5DDE\u6771\u90E8\u3084\u30D5\u30A3\u30F3\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u5317\u90E8\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u306E\u30AB\u30EC\u30EA\u30A2\u3068\u306E\u56FD\u5883\u5730\u57DF\u306E\u690D\u7269\u5730\u7406\u5B66\u306E\u8AD6\u6587\u3092\u767A\u8868\u3057\u305F\u30021880\u5E74\u304B\u30891906\u5E74\u306E\u9593\u3001\u30D8\u30EB\u30B7\u30F3\u30AD\u5927\u5B66\u306E\u51C6\u6559\u6388\u3092\u52D9\u3081\u305F\u3002\u5F8C\u306B\u5730\u8863\u985E\u3092\u5C02\u9580\u3068\u3057\u3001\u30D5\u30A3\u30F3\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u5404\u5730\u3084\u56FD\u5916\u304B\u3089\u3001\u6A19\u672C\u3092\u53CE\u96C6\u3057\u305F\u30021880\u5E74\u306B\u897F\u30B7\u30D9\u30EA\u30A2\u3092\u65C5\u3057\u30011885\u5E74\u306B\u30D6\u30E9\u30B8\u30EB\u306B\u30D5\u30A3\u30FC\u30EB\u30C9\u8ABF\u67FB\u3057\u305F\u3002 1888\u5E74\u306B\u30D6\u30E9\u30B8\u30EB\u306E\u65C5\u884C\u8A18\u9332\u306A\u3069\u3092\u767A\u8868\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30D8\u30EB\u30B7\u30F3\u30AD\u5927\u5B66\u3067\u306F\u6559\u6388\u306E\u5730\u4F4D\u304C\u5F97\u3089\u308C\u306A\u304B\u3063\u305F\u306E\u3067\u30011891\u5E74\u304B\u3089\u3001\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u653F\u5E9C\u306E\u691C\u95B2\u306E\u4ED5\u4E8B\u306A\u3069\u3092\u884C\u3063\u305F\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30D5\u30A3\u30F3\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u4EBA\u306E\u652F\u6301\u3092\u5931\u3044\u3001\u5B66\u554F\u306E\u4E16\u754C\u3067\u3082\u758E\u5916\u3055\u308C\u3001\u6559\u8077\u3082\u5931\u3063\u305F\u30021919\u5E74\u306B\u30C8\u30A5\u30EB\u30AF\u5927\u5B66\u304C\u3001\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA\u306E\u6A19\u672C\u3092\u8CFC\u5165\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7D4C\u6E08\u7684\u82E6\u5883\u3092\u6551\u3063\u305F\u30021922\u5E74\u306B\u306F\u6559\u8077\u3082\u4E0E\u3048\u3089\u308C\u3001\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30C8\u30A5\u30EB\u30AF\u5927\u5B66\u306E\u6A19\u672C\u6570\u306F35,000\u307E\u3067\u62E1\u5145\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002 Vain.\u306F\u3001\u690D\u7269\u306E\u5B66\u540D\u3067\u547D\u540D\u8005\u3092\u793A\u3059\u5834\u5408\u306B\u30A8\u30C9\u30F4\u30A1\u30EB\u30C8\u30FB\u30F4\u30A1\u30A4\u30CB\u30AA\u3092\u793A\u3059\u306E\u306B\u4F7F\u308F\u308C\u308B\u3002\uFF08\u547D\u540D\u8005\u7565\u8A18\u3092\u95B2\u89A7\u3059\u308B\uFF0FIPNI\u3067Author Details\u3092\u691C\u7D22\u3059\u308B\u3002\uFF09"@ja . . . . . . "94449"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Head shot of man with bowtie"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Graphis leptospora 722703.jpg"@en . . . . . . . "White tree bark with many thick black lines and squiggles embedded in it"@en . . "right"@en . . . . . "Edvard Lang"@en . "William Nylander-2.jpg"@en . . . "Some of the script lichen species Vainio described as new to science include Allographa leptospora , Graphis crebra and Graphis plumierae ."@en . . . . . . .