"\u4FE1\u53F7\u523A\u6FC0"@ja . . "Zachowanie instynktowe \u2013 termin stosowany w etologii dla okre\u015Blenia zachowania sterowanego przez instynkt. Przymiotnik instynktowe wprowadzono dla odr\u00F3\u017Cnienia od powszechnie stosowanego w r\u00F3\u017Cnych dziedzinach, wieloznacznie rozumianego przymiotnika instynktowne."@pl . . . . . . . . "Un patr\u00F3 fixat de conducta (de l'angl\u00E8s, fixed action pattern o FAP) \u00E9s un comportament seq\u00FCencial i molt estereotipat, que es dona de forma innata quan l'animal percep un est\u00EDmul desencadenador. El terme original era, en alemany, erbkoordination, que es traduiria literalment com a coordinaci\u00F3 heredit\u00E0ria."@ca . "\uC2E0\uD638\uC790\uADF9(\u4FE1\u865F\u523A\u621F,sign stimulus)\uC740 \uB3D9\uBB3C\uD589\uB3D9\uD559(Ethology) \uB610\uB294 \uC2E0\uACBD\uD589\uB3D9\uD559 \uB4F1\uC5D0\uC11C \uB3D9\uBB3C\uC758 \uBCF8\uB2A5\uC774\uB098 \uD589\uB3D9\uC744 \uC77C\uC73C\uD0A4\uB294 \uC790\uADF9\uC744 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uAC00\uC2DC\uACE0\uAE30 \uC554\uCEF7\uC774 \uBC30\uB97C \uC218\uCEF7\uC5D0\uAC8C \uB4DC\uB7EC\uB0B4\uC5B4 \uBCF4\uC774\uBA74 \uBC30\uC758 \uC0C9\uAE54\uC774 \uC218\uCEF7\uC744 \uC790\uADF9\uD558\uC5EC \uAD50\uBBF8 \uD589\uB3D9\uC774 \uC2DC\uC791\uB418\uB294\uB370, \uC774 \uBC30\uC758 \uC0C9\uAE54\uC744 \uC720\uBC1C\uC778\uC790(\uB610\uB294 \uBC29\uCD9C\uC778\uC790 releaser)\uB77C\uACE0 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uC720\uBC1C\uC778\uC790\uB294 \uC2E0\uD638\uC790\uADF9(sign stimulus)\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . "Sch\u00E8me d\u2019action sp\u00E9cifique"@fr . "\u0424\u0438\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044F (\u0424\u0424\u0414) \u2014 \u0432 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043A\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043F\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438."@ru . . "\u0424\u0438\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044F"@ru . . . . . "2525143"^^ . "\u4FE1\u53F7\u523A\u6FC0\uFF08\u3057\u3093\u3054\u3046\u3057\u3052\u304D\uFF09\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u9375\u523A\u6FC0\uFF08\u304B\u304E\u3057\u3052\u304D\uFF09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306E\u306F\u3001\u52D5\u7269\u306B\u4E00\u5B9A\u306E\u672C\u80FD\u884C\u52D5\u3092\u5F15\u304D\u8D77\u3053\u3059\u9375\u3068\u306A\u308B\u523A\u6FC0\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u4FE1\u53F7\u523A\u6FC0\u306F\u3001\u540C\u3058\u7A2E\u306B\u5C5E\u3059\u308B\u7570\u306A\u308B\u500B\u4F53\u306B\u3001\u540C\u4E00\u306E\u884C\u52D5\u3092\u5F15\u304D\u8D77\u3053\u3059\u3002"@ja . . "Zachowanie instynktowe \u2013 termin stosowany w etologii dla okre\u015Blenia zachowania sterowanego przez instynkt. Przymiotnik instynktowe wprowadzono dla odr\u00F3\u017Cnienia od powszechnie stosowanego w r\u00F3\u017Cnych dziedzinach, wieloznacznie rozumianego przymiotnika instynktowne."@pl . . "\u5728\u672C\u80FD\u7406\u8BBA\u91CC\u9762\uFF0C;\u5178\u578B\u884C\u70BA\u6A21\u5F0F;\u56FA\u5B9A\u884C\u70BA\u6A21\u5F0F;\u94A5\u5319\u523A\u6FC0\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1Afixed action patterns\uFF09\u52D5\u7269\u884C\u70BA\u5B78\u5BB6\u52DE\u502B\u8332\u548C\u5EF7\u4F2F\u683920\u4E16\u7D0050\u5E74\u4EE3\u63D0\u51FA\u7684\uFF0C\u6307\u7269\u7A2E\u51FA\u65BC\u907A\u50B3\u6216\u672C\u80FD\u800C\u8868\u73FE\u51FA\u4F86\u7684\u884C\u70BA\u5982\u8718\u86DB\u7D50\u7DB2\u3002\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u523A\u6FC0\u6A21\u5F0F(\u5373\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u523A\u6FC0\u6216\u662F\u51E0\u79CD\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u7279\u5F81\u7684\u7EC4\u5408)\uFF0C\u5F53\u5B83\u88AB\u611F\u77E5\u540E\u5C31\u4F1A\u5F97\u5230\u672C\u80FD\u8FD0\u52A8\u7684\u5E94\u7B54\u3002\u5178\u578B\u7684\u523B\u677F\u884C\u70BA\uFF0C\u4E00\u500B\u7269\u7A2E\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u54E1\uFF0C\u81F3\u5C11\u662F\u540C\u4E00\u6027\u5225\u7684\u6210\u54E1\u90FD\u6703\u8868\u73FE\u51FA\u4F86\u3002\u7531\u7C21\u55AE\u800C\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u5916\u90E8\u523A\u6FC0\u5F15\u8D77\uFF0C\u4E00\u65E6\u88AB\u5F15\u767C\uFF0C\u5176\u5F62\u5F0F\u4E0D\u4F9D\u8CF4\u5916\u90E8\u523A\u6FC0\uFF0C\u767C\u5C55\u4E5F\u4E0D\u4F9D\u8CF4\u5B78\u7FD2\u7D93\u9A57\uFF0C\u80FD\u5B8C\u6210\u4E00\u5B9A\u7684\u4EFB\u52D9\uFF0C\u4F46\u9019\u4E00\u6A21\u5F0F\u6709\u6642\u4E5F\u5305\u542B\u6975\u5176\u8907\u96DC\u7684\u904E\u7A0B\u3002\u5982\u9752\u86D9\u6355\u6349\u98DB\u87F2\uFF0C\u524D\u9762\u5F48\u820C\u53EF\u53CA\u7684\u8DDD\u96E2\u4E4B\u5167\uFF0C\u4E00\u76F4\u98DB\u87F2\u7684\u8996\u89BA\u523A\u6FC0\u5F15\u5C0E\u820C\u982D\u8FC5\u901F\u5F48\u51FA\u548C\u7E2E\u56DE\uFF0C\u8A72\u52D5\u4F5C\u5728\u6642\u9593\u548C\u65B9\u5411\u4E0A\u76F8\u7576\u523B\u677F\uFF0C\u82E5\u98DB\u87F2\u98DB\u7684\u8DB3\u5920\u5FEB\uFF0C\u9752\u86D9\u5C31\u6349\u4E0D\u5230\u5B83\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u8FD9\u79CD\u523A\u6FC0\u4E5F\u88AB\u79F0\u4F5C\u8BF1\u53D1\u8005(\u5FB7\u8BED:Ausl\u00F6ser),\u5B83\u6765\u81EA\u4E8E\u53E6\u4E00\u4F4D\u793E\u4F1A\u6210\u5458\u5E76\u4E14\u4F1A\u5BF9\u793E\u4F1A\u884C\u4E3A\u4EA7\u751F\u5F71\u54CD;\u8FD8\u6709\u4E00\u4E9B\u540C\u4E49\u8BCD\u4FE1\u53F7\u523A\u6FC0\u548C\u77E5\u89C9\u4FE1\u53F7\u3002\u884C\u4E3A\u5B66\u7684\u4EE3\u8868\u4EBA\u7269\u5C06\u523A\u6FC0\u8FC7\u6EE4\u79F0\u4E4B\u4E3A \u5148\u5929\u8BF1\u53D1\u673A\u5236(AAM)\uFF0C\u523A\u6FC0\u8FC7\u6EE4\u7684\u4F5C\u7528\u662F\u5C06\u76F8\u5173\u7684\u7684\u4FE1\u606F\u4ECE\u4E0D\u76F8\u5173\u7684\u4FE1\u606F\u91CC\u63D0\u53D6\u51FA\u6765\uFF08\u5373\u662F\u5BF9\u94A5\u5319\u523A\u6FC0\u7684\u8BC6\u522B\uFF09\u5E76\u4E14\u89E6\u53D1\u79CD\u5C5E\u7279\u5F02\u7684\u672C\u80FD\u8FD0\u52A8\u3002"@zh . . "\u4FE1\u53F7\u523A\u6FC0\uFF08\u3057\u3093\u3054\u3046\u3057\u3052\u304D\uFF09\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u9375\u523A\u6FC0\uFF08\u304B\u304E\u3057\u3052\u304D\uFF09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306E\u306F\u3001\u52D5\u7269\u306B\u4E00\u5B9A\u306E\u672C\u80FD\u884C\u52D5\u3092\u5F15\u304D\u8D77\u3053\u3059\u9375\u3068\u306A\u308B\u523A\u6FC0\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u4FE1\u53F7\u523A\u6FC0\u306F\u3001\u540C\u3058\u7A2E\u306B\u5C5E\u3059\u308B\u7570\u306A\u308B\u500B\u4F53\u306B\u3001\u540C\u4E00\u306E\u884C\u52D5\u3092\u5F15\u304D\u8D77\u3053\u3059\u3002"@ja . "\uC2E0\uD638\uC790\uADF9(\u4FE1\u865F\u523A\u621F,sign stimulus)\uC740 \uB3D9\uBB3C\uD589\uB3D9\uD559(Ethology) \uB610\uB294 \uC2E0\uACBD\uD589\uB3D9\uD559 \uB4F1\uC5D0\uC11C \uB3D9\uBB3C\uC758 \uBCF8\uB2A5\uC774\uB098 \uD589\uB3D9\uC744 \uC77C\uC73C\uD0A4\uB294 \uC790\uADF9\uC744 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uAC00\uC2DC\uACE0\uAE30 \uC554\uCEF7\uC774 \uBC30\uB97C \uC218\uCEF7\uC5D0\uAC8C \uB4DC\uB7EC\uB0B4\uC5B4 \uBCF4\uC774\uBA74 \uBC30\uC758 \uC0C9\uAE54\uC774 \uC218\uCEF7\uC744 \uC790\uADF9\uD558\uC5EC \uAD50\uBBF8 \uD589\uB3D9\uC774 \uC2DC\uC791\uB418\uB294\uB370, \uC774 \uBC30\uC758 \uC0C9\uAE54\uC744 \uC720\uBC1C\uC778\uC790(\uB610\uB294 \uBC29\uCD9C\uC778\uC790 releaser)\uB77C\uACE0 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uC720\uBC1C\uC778\uC790\uB294 \uC2E0\uD638\uC790\uADF9(sign stimulus)\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . "\uC2E0\uD638\uC790\uADF9"@ko . . . . . . . . . . "Un patr\u00F3 fixat de conducta (de l'angl\u00E8s, fixed action pattern o FAP) \u00E9s un comportament seq\u00FCencial i molt estereotipat, que es dona de forma innata quan l'animal percep un est\u00EDmul desencadenador. El terme original era, en alemany, erbkoordination, que es traduiria literalment com a coordinaci\u00F3 heredit\u00E0ria."@ca . . "\u041A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0438 \u0444\u0456\u043A\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0456 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0456\u0432. \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u041B\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0446 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0457\u0445 \u00AB\u0441\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044F\u043C\u0438\u00BB \u0430\u0431\u043E \u00AB\u0435\u043D\u0434\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043C\u0438\u00BB . \u0417\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442 1. \n* \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u041A\u0424\u0414. 2. \n* \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u041A\u0424\u0414. \u041A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441 \u0444\u0456\u043A\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438: 1. \u0421\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043F\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C - \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043A\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043E \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0436\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0443, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C. 2. \u041A\u0424\u0414 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u043D\u0456 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043C\u0456\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0456\u0432. 4. \u0412\u0438\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445, \u0430\u043B\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0443\u043B\u0456\u0432. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u041A\u0424\u0414: \u2022 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0443 \u0436\u0430\u0431 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0445,"@uk . . . "A fixed action pattern is an ethological term describing an instinctive behavioral sequence that is highly stereotyped and species-characteristic. Fixed action patterns are said to be produced by the innate releasing mechanism, a \"hard-wired\" neural network, in response to a sign/key stimulus or releaser. Once released, a fixed action pattern runs to completion. Fixed action patterns have been observed in many species, but most notably in fish and birds. Classic studies by Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen involve male stickleback mating behavior and greylag goose egg-retrieval behavior."@en . . . "Patr\u00F3 fixat de conducta"@ca . . . "En \u00E9thologie, un sch\u00E8me d'action sp\u00E9cifique (SAS) (Fixed Action Pattern ou FAP en anglais), ou sch\u00E8me modal d'action, est une s\u00E9quence comportementale instinctive indivisible qui se produit jusqu'\u00E0 son ach\u00E8vement."@fr . . . . . . . "\u94A5\u5319\u523A\u6FC0"@zh . "Zachowanie instynktowe"@pl . . . . "\u041A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0438 \u0444\u0456\u043A\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0456 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0456\u0432. \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u041B\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0446 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0457\u0445 \u00AB\u0441\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044F\u043C\u0438\u00BB \u0430\u0431\u043E \u00AB\u0435\u043D\u0434\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043C\u0438\u00BB . \u0417\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442 1. \n* \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u041A\u0424\u0414. 2. \n* \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u041A\u0424\u0414. \u041A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441 \u0444\u0456\u043A\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438: 1. \u0421\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043F\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C - \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043A\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043E \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044E\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0436\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0443, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C. 2. \u041A\u0424\u0414 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u043D\u0456 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043C\u0456\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0456\u0432. \u0417. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0441\u0456\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u0432\u0441\u0456\u043C \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456, \u0449\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0434\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u0438 \u0456 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0456\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456. 4. \u0412\u0438\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445, \u0430\u043B\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0443\u043B\u0456\u0432. 5. \u201E\u0421\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043D\u0430\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C\u201D \u2013 \u043E\u0441\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u041A\u0424\u0414 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u043E \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u0449\u043E \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437 \u043A\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u043C \u0432\u0430\u0436\u0447\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0442\u0438. 6. \u0423 \u041A\u0424\u0414 \u0437\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0448\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0456 \u043B\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u044F\u043A \u00AB\u043F\u0443\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0456\u00BB \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0443\u043B\u0438, \u0442\u043E\u0431\u0442\u043E, \u044F\u043A\u0449\u043E \u0457\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0445\u043E\u0447\u0430 \u0431 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u043E, \u0432\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0436\u0443\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0437\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0448\u043D\u0456\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0443\u043B\u0456\u0432. 7. \u041D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043C\u0438\u043D\u0443\u043B\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443, \u043E\u0441\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043A\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044E \u0437 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u041A\u0424\u0414: \u2022 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043A\u0446\u0456\u044F \u201E\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0437\u044F\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0437\u044C\u043E\u0431\u0430\u201D \u0443 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043D\u044F\u0442 \u0433\u043D\u0456\u0437\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u044F\u0432\u0456 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0432, \u2022 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0443 \u0436\u0430\u0431 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0445, \u2022 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0456 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u0438 \u0448\u043B\u044E\u0431\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0456 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043A\u0438 \u0443 \u043F\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0446\u0456\u0432, \u2022 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043A\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u0439\u0446\u044F \u0443 \u0441\u0456\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u0443\u0441\u0430\u043A\u0430. \u0412\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u043B\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430: 1. \u0415\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F (\u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043A\u0438 \u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043D) : \u041F\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447. \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434. \u0412\u041D\u0417 / \u041E. \u0412. \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430, \u041E. \u0404. \u041F\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0432, \u0412. \u041A. \u0420\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043B\u044C\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043A\u043E. \u2013 \u0414. : \u0412\u0438\u0434-\u0432\u043E \u0414\u041D\u0423, 2010. \u2013 292 c. 2. \u0427\u0430\u0439\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043A\u043E \u0413. \u041C. \u0417\u043E\u043E\u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u044F\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F/ \u0413. \u041C. \u0427\u0430\u0439\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043A\u043E.\u2014 \u041A., 1992. \u2013 147\u0441."@uk . . . . . . . . . "1103213946"^^ . . . "20142"^^ . . "Fixed action pattern"@en . "A fixed action pattern is an ethological term describing an instinctive behavioral sequence that is highly stereotyped and species-characteristic. Fixed action patterns are said to be produced by the innate releasing mechanism, a \"hard-wired\" neural network, in response to a sign/key stimulus or releaser. Once released, a fixed action pattern runs to completion. This term is often associated with Konrad Lorenz, who is the founder of the concept. Lorenz identified six characteristics of fixed action patterns. These characteristics state that fixed action patterns are stereotyped, complex, species-characteristic, released, triggered, and independent of experience. Fixed action patterns have been observed in many species, but most notably in fish and birds. Classic studies by Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen involve male stickleback mating behavior and greylag goose egg-retrieval behavior. Fixed action patterns have been shown to be evolutionarily advantageous, as they increase both fitness and speed. However, as a result of their predictability, they may also be used as a means of exploitation. An example of this exploitation would be brood parasitism. There are 4 exceptions to fixed action pattern rules. These include reduced response threshold, vacuum activity, displacement behavior, and graded response."@en . . . . . . . "\u0424\u0438\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044F (\u0424\u0424\u0414) \u2014 \u0432 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043A\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043F\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438."@ru . . . "En \u00E9thologie, un sch\u00E8me d'action sp\u00E9cifique (SAS) (Fixed Action Pattern ou FAP en anglais), ou sch\u00E8me modal d'action, est une s\u00E9quence comportementale instinctive indivisible qui se produit jusqu'\u00E0 son ach\u00E8vement. Les sch\u00E8mes d'action sp\u00E9cifique sont invariants et sont g\u00E9r\u00E9s par un r\u00E9seau de neurones connu sous le nom de m\u00E9canisme de d\u00E9clenchement inn\u00E9 en r\u00E9ponse \u00E0 une stimulation sensorielle externe connue sous le nom de stimulus de signe ou d\u00E9clencheur. Un sch\u00E8me d'action sp\u00E9cifique est l'un des quelques types de comportement dont l'on peut dire qu'ils sont c\u00E2bl\u00E9s (hard-wired en anglais) et instinctifs."@fr . . . . . . . "\u041A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0441 \u0444\u0456\u043A\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439"@uk . . . . "\u5728\u672C\u80FD\u7406\u8BBA\u91CC\u9762\uFF0C;\u5178\u578B\u884C\u70BA\u6A21\u5F0F;\u56FA\u5B9A\u884C\u70BA\u6A21\u5F0F;\u94A5\u5319\u523A\u6FC0\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1Afixed action patterns\uFF09\u52D5\u7269\u884C\u70BA\u5B78\u5BB6\u52DE\u502B\u8332\u548C\u5EF7\u4F2F\u683920\u4E16\u7D0050\u5E74\u4EE3\u63D0\u51FA\u7684\uFF0C\u6307\u7269\u7A2E\u51FA\u65BC\u907A\u50B3\u6216\u672C\u80FD\u800C\u8868\u73FE\u51FA\u4F86\u7684\u884C\u70BA\u5982\u8718\u86DB\u7D50\u7DB2\u3002\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u523A\u6FC0\u6A21\u5F0F(\u5373\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u523A\u6FC0\u6216\u662F\u51E0\u79CD\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u7279\u5F81\u7684\u7EC4\u5408)\uFF0C\u5F53\u5B83\u88AB\u611F\u77E5\u540E\u5C31\u4F1A\u5F97\u5230\u672C\u80FD\u8FD0\u52A8\u7684\u5E94\u7B54\u3002\u5178\u578B\u7684\u523B\u677F\u884C\u70BA\uFF0C\u4E00\u500B\u7269\u7A2E\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6210\u54E1\uFF0C\u81F3\u5C11\u662F\u540C\u4E00\u6027\u5225\u7684\u6210\u54E1\u90FD\u6703\u8868\u73FE\u51FA\u4F86\u3002\u7531\u7C21\u55AE\u800C\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u5916\u90E8\u523A\u6FC0\u5F15\u8D77\uFF0C\u4E00\u65E6\u88AB\u5F15\u767C\uFF0C\u5176\u5F62\u5F0F\u4E0D\u4F9D\u8CF4\u5916\u90E8\u523A\u6FC0\uFF0C\u767C\u5C55\u4E5F\u4E0D\u4F9D\u8CF4\u5B78\u7FD2\u7D93\u9A57\uFF0C\u80FD\u5B8C\u6210\u4E00\u5B9A\u7684\u4EFB\u52D9\uFF0C\u4F46\u9019\u4E00\u6A21\u5F0F\u6709\u6642\u4E5F\u5305\u542B\u6975\u5176\u8907\u96DC\u7684\u904E\u7A0B\u3002\u5982\u9752\u86D9\u6355\u6349\u98DB\u87F2\uFF0C\u524D\u9762\u5F48\u820C\u53EF\u53CA\u7684\u8DDD\u96E2\u4E4B\u5167\uFF0C\u4E00\u76F4\u98DB\u87F2\u7684\u8996\u89BA\u523A\u6FC0\u5F15\u5C0E\u820C\u982D\u8FC5\u901F\u5F48\u51FA\u548C\u7E2E\u56DE\uFF0C\u8A72\u52D5\u4F5C\u5728\u6642\u9593\u548C\u65B9\u5411\u4E0A\u76F8\u7576\u523B\u677F\uFF0C\u82E5\u98DB\u87F2\u98DB\u7684\u8DB3\u5920\u5FEB\uFF0C\u9752\u86D9\u5C31\u6349\u4E0D\u5230\u5B83\u3002\u901A\u5E38\u8FD9\u79CD\u523A\u6FC0\u4E5F\u88AB\u79F0\u4F5C\u8BF1\u53D1\u8005(\u5FB7\u8BED:Ausl\u00F6ser),\u5B83\u6765\u81EA\u4E8E\u53E6\u4E00\u4F4D\u793E\u4F1A\u6210\u5458\u5E76\u4E14\u4F1A\u5BF9\u793E\u4F1A\u884C\u4E3A\u4EA7\u751F\u5F71\u54CD;\u8FD8\u6709\u4E00\u4E9B\u540C\u4E49\u8BCD\u4FE1\u53F7\u523A\u6FC0\u548C\u77E5\u89C9\u4FE1\u53F7\u3002\u884C\u4E3A\u5B66\u7684\u4EE3\u8868\u4EBA\u7269\u5C06\u523A\u6FC0\u8FC7\u6EE4\u79F0\u4E4B\u4E3A \u5148\u5929\u8BF1\u53D1\u673A\u5236(AAM)\uFF0C\u523A\u6FC0\u8FC7\u6EE4\u7684\u4F5C\u7528\u662F\u5C06\u76F8\u5173\u7684\u7684\u4FE1\u606F\u4ECE\u4E0D\u76F8\u5173\u7684\u4FE1\u606F\u91CC\u63D0\u53D6\u51FA\u6765\uFF08\u5373\u662F\u5BF9\u94A5\u5319\u523A\u6FC0\u7684\u8BC6\u522B\uFF09\u5E76\u4E14\u89E6\u53D1\u79CD\u5C5E\u7279\u5F02\u7684\u672C\u80FD\u8FD0\u52A8\u3002"@zh .