"\u0424\u0443\u043D\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044B \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044F"@ru . . "Th\u00E9or\u00E8mes du bien-\u00EAtre"@fr . . "Teoremas fundamentales de la econom\u00EDa del bienestar"@es . . "\uD30C\uB808\uD1A0 \uCD5C\uC801\uACFC \uACBD\uC7C1 \uADE0\uD615 \uBC30\uBD84\uC758 \uAD00\uACC4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uB450 \uAC00\uC9C0 \uC815\uB9AC\uB294 \uD6C4\uC0DD\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uAE30\uBCF8 \uC815\uB9AC(\u539A\u751F\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\uC758 \u57FA\u672C \u5B9A\u7406)\uB77C \uBD88\uB9B0\uB2E4. \uC774\uB294 \uB2E4\uC74C\uACFC \uAC19\uC774 \uC815\uB9AC\uD574\uBCFC \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \n* \uD6C4\uC0DD\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uC81C1\uC815\uB9AC : \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC18C\uBE44\uC790\uC758 \uC120\uD638 \uCCB4\uACC4\uAC00 \uC744 \uAC16\uACE0 \uACBD\uC81C \uC548\uC5D0 \uC678\uBD80\uC131\uC774 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uC73C\uBA74 \uC77C\uBC18\uACBD\uC7C1\uADE0\uD615\uC758 \uBC30\uBD84\uC740 \uD30C\uB808\uD1A0 \uD6A8\uC728\uC801\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uD6C4\uC0DD\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uC81C2\uC815\uB9AC : \uCD08\uAE30\uBD80\uC874\uC790\uC6D0\uC774 \uC801\uC808\uD558\uAC8C \uBD84\uBC30\uB41C \uC0C1\uD0DC\uC5D0\uC11C, \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0AC\uB78C\uC758 \uC120\uD638\uAC00 (\uC5F0\uC18D\uC801\uC774\uACE0 \uAC15\uB2E8\uC870\uC801\uC778 \uC704\uC5D0) \uBCFC\uB85D\uC131\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C0\uBA74 \uD30C\uB808\uD1A0 \uD6A8\uC728\uC801\uC778 \uBC30\uBD84\uC740 \uC77C\uBC18\uACBD\uC7C1\uADE0\uD615\uC758 \uACB0\uACFC\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Teoremas fundamentais da economia do bem estar"@pt . . . "1100062778"^^ . . . . "Les deux th\u00E9or\u00E8mes de l'\u00E9conomie du bien-\u00EAtre sont les r\u00E9sultats fondamentaux de la th\u00E9orie de l'\u00E9quilibre g\u00E9n\u00E9ral telle que formul\u00E9e par Kenneth Arrow et G\u00E9rard Debreu. Obtenus par une d\u00E9monstration math\u00E9matique, ces th\u00E9or\u00E8mes lient certaines hypoth\u00E8ses sur le fonctionnement \u00E9conomique (concurrence pure et parfaite, homog\u00E9n\u00E9it\u00E9 et continuit\u00E9 des fonctions de production et des fonctions de demande...) et la possibilit\u00E9 d'un \u00E9tat optimum de l'allocation des ressources (optimum de Pareto)"@fr . . . "\u798F\u5229\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5B66\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406"@zh . . "In microeconomia, e in particolare nella prospettiva dell'economia neo-classica, i teoremi dell'economia del benessere costituiscono una delle principali argomentazioni a favore del libero mercato, e contro l'intervento dello Stato nell'economia o in generale soluzioni di pianificazione centrale."@it . . . "\u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044B \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044F. \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043E\u043A \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043A \u043A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044E, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u043B\u0430\u0431\u043E \u041F\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E-\u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E, \u0432 \u0442\u043E\u043C \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435, \u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043E\u043A \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043C\u0438 : 1. \u0420\u044B\u043D\u043A\u0438 \u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0430\u043A\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043A\u0438, \u0430 \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u043A\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044B\u0439 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439. 2. \u0426\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043E\u0442 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0439, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043B\u0435\u0433\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434 \u043A \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043A\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u044B\u0445\u043E\u0434 \u0438\u0437 \u043D\u0435\u0433\u043E. \u041A\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435 \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u041F\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E-\u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0443\u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0438: 3. \u041B\u043E\u043A\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043D\u0435\u043D\u0430\u0441\u044B\u0449\u0430\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u043C, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043B\u044E\u0431\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043D\u044B \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0441 \u043D\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043A\u0430\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0437\u0438\u043D\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0443\u044E. \u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0432\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0435 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u044C \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u041F\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E-\u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0435\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u043E\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043F\u0430\u0443\u0448\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u044B, \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0435\u043C \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0432 \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043A\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u044F\u0442\u044C \u044D\u0442\u043E \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u0438\u0435. \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044C\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430 (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043C\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0439 \u042D\u0440\u0440\u043E\u0443) \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u043E\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044F. \u041E\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442, \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E \u043B\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u043B\u0438\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0438\u043D\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043E\u0432 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F (\u043A \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0431\u043E\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430/\u0434\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432) \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439. \u041E\u043D\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044F \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E \u042D\u0440\u0440\u043E\u0443, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u044E \u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041F\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E. \u0427\u0435\u0442\u044B\u0440\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044B \u042D\u0440\u0440\u043E\u0443 : 1. \u0423\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C: \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0438\u044F \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044F\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432\u043D\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043E\u0442 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0435\u0439. 2. \u0421\u043E\u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u043E\u043C \u041F\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E. 3. \u041D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C: \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043E\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043B\u0438\u0446 \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u043D\u044B \u0431\u044B\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043C\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043E\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430. 4. \u041E\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043E\u043B\u044E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0434 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439."@ru . . "In microeconomia, e in particolare nella prospettiva dell'economia neo-classica, i teoremi dell'economia del benessere costituiscono una delle principali argomentazioni a favore del libero mercato, e contro l'intervento dello Stato nell'economia o in generale soluzioni di pianificazione centrale."@it . . . . . "\u539A\u751F\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406\uFF08\u3053\u3046\u305B\u3044\u3051\u3044\u3056\u3044\u304C\u304F\u306E\u304D\u307B\u3093\u3066\u3044\u308A\u3001\u82F1: Fundamental theorems of welfare economics\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u4EE5\u4E0B\u306E\u30D1\u30EC\u30FC\u30C8\u52B9\u7387\u6027\u3068\u914D\u5206\u306E\u95A2\u4FC2\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8FF0\u3079\u305F2\u3064\u306E\u5B9A\u7406\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30021950\u5E74\u4EE3\u306B\u30B1\u30CD\u30B9\u30FB\u30A2\u30ED\u30FC\u3068\u30B8\u30A7\u30E9\u30FC\u30EB\u30FB\u30C9\u30D6\u30EB\u30FC\u304C\u53B3\u5BC6\u306A\u6570\u5B66\u7684\u8A3C\u660E\u3092\u4E0E\u3048\u305F\u3002 \u539A\u751F\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u7B2C\u4E00\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406\u6D88\u8CBB\u8005\u306E\u9078\u597D\u304C\u5C40\u6240\u975E\u98FD\u548C\u6027\u3092\u6E80\u305F\u305B\u3070\u3001\u7AF6\u4E89\u5747\u8861\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308C\u308B\u914D\u5206\u306F\u30D1\u30EC\u30FC\u30C8\u52B9\u7387\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5C40\u6240\u975E\u98FD\u548C\u6027\u3068\u306F\u3001\u3069\u3093\u306A\u306B\u308F\u305A\u304B\u306B\u3067\u3082\u6D88\u8CBB\u91CF\u306E\u5897\u6E1B\u304C\u8A31\u3055\u308C\u308B\u306A\u3089\u3070\u3001\u3088\u308A\u597D\u307E\u3057\u3044\u6D88\u8CBB\u91CF\u3092\u5B9F\u73FE\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4EEE\u5B9A\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u539A\u751F\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u7B2C\u4E8C\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406\u5C40\u6240\u975E\u98FD\u548C\u6027\u306B\u52A0\u3048\u9078\u597D\u306E\u51F8\u6027\u306A\u3069\u306E\u3057\u304B\u308B\u3079\u304D\u8FFD\u52A0\u7684\u6761\u4EF6\u306E\u4E0B\u3067\u3001\u4EFB\u610F\u306E\u30D1\u30EC\u30FC\u30C8\u52B9\u7387\u7684\u914D\u5206\u306F\u3001\u9069\u5F53\u306A\u6240\u5F97\u5206\u914D\u3092\u884C\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7AF6\u4E89\u5747\u8861\u914D\u5206\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5B9F\u73FE\u53EF\u80FD\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . "Die Wohlfahrtstheoreme (auch Haupts\u00E4tze der Wohlfahrts\u00F6konomik) sind zwei fundamentale Lehrs\u00E4tze der Wohlfahrts\u00F6konomik aus dem mikro\u00F6konomischen Bereich der Volkswirtschaftslehre."@de . . . . . . . . . . "Wohlfahrtstheoreme"@de . . . . . "There are two fundamental theorems of welfare economics. The first states that in economic equilibrium, a set of complete markets, with complete information, and in perfect competition, will be Pareto optimal (in the sense that no further exchange would make one person better off without making another worse off). The requirements for perfect competition are these: 1. \n* There are no externalities and each actor has perfect information. 2. \n* Firms and consumers take prices as given (no economic actor or group of actors has market power). The theorem is sometimes seen as an analytical confirmation of Adam Smith's \"invisible hand\" principle, namely that competitive markets ensure an efficient allocation of resources. However, there is no guarantee that the Pareto optimal market outcome is socially desirable, as there are many possible Pareto efficient allocations of resources differing in their desirability (e.g. one person may own everything and everyone else nothing). The second theorem states that any Pareto optimum can be supported as a competitive equilibrium for some initial set of endowments. The implication is that any desired Pareto optimal outcome can be supported; Pareto efficiency can be achieved with any redistribution of initial wealth. However, attempts to correct the distribution may introduce distortions, and so full optimality may not be attainable with redistribution. The theorems can be visualized graphically for a simple pure exchange economy by means of the Edgeworth box diagram."@en . . . "Die Wohlfahrtstheoreme (auch Haupts\u00E4tze der Wohlfahrts\u00F6konomik) sind zwei fundamentale Lehrs\u00E4tze der Wohlfahrts\u00F6konomik aus dem mikro\u00F6konomischen Bereich der Volkswirtschaftslehre."@de . . . "\u798F\u5229\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5B66\u5171\u6709\u4E24\u5927\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406\u3002"@zh . . . . . "Existem dois teoremas fundamentais da economia do bem-estar. O primeiro afirma que, em equil\u00EDbrio econ\u00F4mico, um conjunto de mercados completos, com informa\u00E7\u00F5es completas e em concorr\u00EAncia perfeita, ser\u00E1 \u00F3timo de Pareto (no sentido de que nenhuma troca adicional deixaria uma pessoa melhor sem piorar outra). Os requisitos para uma competi\u00E7\u00E3o perfeita s\u00E3o estes: 1. \n* N\u00E3o existem externalidades e cada ator tem informa\u00E7\u00F5es perfeitas. 2. \n* As empresas e os consumidores consideram os pre\u00E7os dados (nenhum ator econ\u00F4mico ou grupo de atores tem poder de mercado)."@pt . "There are two fundamental theorems of welfare economics. The first states that in economic equilibrium, a set of complete markets, with complete information, and in perfect competition, will be Pareto optimal (in the sense that no further exchange would make one person better off without making another worse off). The requirements for perfect competition are these: 1. \n* There are no externalities and each actor has perfect information. 2. \n* Firms and consumers take prices as given (no economic actor or group of actors has market power)."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1488195"^^ . "Les deux th\u00E9or\u00E8mes de l'\u00E9conomie du bien-\u00EAtre sont les r\u00E9sultats fondamentaux de la th\u00E9orie de l'\u00E9quilibre g\u00E9n\u00E9ral telle que formul\u00E9e par Kenneth Arrow et G\u00E9rard Debreu. Obtenus par une d\u00E9monstration math\u00E9matique, ces th\u00E9or\u00E8mes lient certaines hypoth\u00E8ses sur le fonctionnement \u00E9conomique (concurrence pure et parfaite, homog\u00E9n\u00E9it\u00E9 et continuit\u00E9 des fonctions de production et des fonctions de demande...) et la possibilit\u00E9 d'un \u00E9tat optimum de l'allocation des ressources (optimum de Pareto)"@fr . . . . "Hay dos teoremas fundamentales de la econom\u00EDa del bienestar.\u200B\u200B El primero afirma que cualquier equilibrio competitivo o walrasiano\u200B lleva a una situaci\u00F3n de asignaci\u00F3n de recursos econ\u00F3micos que es eficiente en el sentido de Pareto. El segundo teorema es contrarec\u00EDproco del primero; afirma que cualquier asignaci\u00F3n eficiente u \u00F3ptimo de Pareto se puede obtener mediante un equilibrio competitivo.\u200B\u200B\u200B A pesar de la aparente simetr\u00EDa de ambos teoremas, en realidad el primero es mucho m\u00E1s general que el segundo, requiriendo supuestos m\u00E1s d\u00E9biles."@es . . "\u539A\u751F\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406\uFF08\u3053\u3046\u305B\u3044\u3051\u3044\u3056\u3044\u304C\u304F\u306E\u304D\u307B\u3093\u3066\u3044\u308A\u3001\u82F1: Fundamental theorems of welfare economics\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u4EE5\u4E0B\u306E\u30D1\u30EC\u30FC\u30C8\u52B9\u7387\u6027\u3068\u914D\u5206\u306E\u95A2\u4FC2\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8FF0\u3079\u305F2\u3064\u306E\u5B9A\u7406\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30021950\u5E74\u4EE3\u306B\u30B1\u30CD\u30B9\u30FB\u30A2\u30ED\u30FC\u3068\u30B8\u30A7\u30E9\u30FC\u30EB\u30FB\u30C9\u30D6\u30EB\u30FC\u304C\u53B3\u5BC6\u306A\u6570\u5B66\u7684\u8A3C\u660E\u3092\u4E0E\u3048\u305F\u3002 \u539A\u751F\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u7B2C\u4E00\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406\u6D88\u8CBB\u8005\u306E\u9078\u597D\u304C\u5C40\u6240\u975E\u98FD\u548C\u6027\u3092\u6E80\u305F\u305B\u3070\u3001\u7AF6\u4E89\u5747\u8861\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308C\u308B\u914D\u5206\u306F\u30D1\u30EC\u30FC\u30C8\u52B9\u7387\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5C40\u6240\u975E\u98FD\u548C\u6027\u3068\u306F\u3001\u3069\u3093\u306A\u306B\u308F\u305A\u304B\u306B\u3067\u3082\u6D88\u8CBB\u91CF\u306E\u5897\u6E1B\u304C\u8A31\u3055\u308C\u308B\u306A\u3089\u3070\u3001\u3088\u308A\u597D\u307E\u3057\u3044\u6D88\u8CBB\u91CF\u3092\u5B9F\u73FE\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4EEE\u5B9A\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u539A\u751F\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u7B2C\u4E8C\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406\u5C40\u6240\u975E\u98FD\u548C\u6027\u306B\u52A0\u3048\u9078\u597D\u306E\u51F8\u6027\u306A\u3069\u306E\u3057\u304B\u308B\u3079\u304D\u8FFD\u52A0\u7684\u6761\u4EF6\u306E\u4E0B\u3067\u3001\u4EFB\u610F\u306E\u30D1\u30EC\u30FC\u30C8\u52B9\u7387\u7684\u914D\u5206\u306F\u3001\u9069\u5F53\u306A\u6240\u5F97\u5206\u914D\u3092\u884C\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7AF6\u4E89\u5747\u8861\u914D\u5206\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5B9F\u73FE\u53EF\u80FD\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . "\uD6C4\uC0DD\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uAE30\uBCF8 \uC815\uB9AC"@ko . . . "Fundamental theorems of welfare economics"@en . "Teoremi dell'economia del benessere"@it . . . . . "\uD30C\uB808\uD1A0 \uCD5C\uC801\uACFC \uACBD\uC7C1 \uADE0\uD615 \uBC30\uBD84\uC758 \uAD00\uACC4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uB450 \uAC00\uC9C0 \uC815\uB9AC\uB294 \uD6C4\uC0DD\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uAE30\uBCF8 \uC815\uB9AC(\u539A\u751F\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\uC758 \u57FA\u672C \u5B9A\u7406)\uB77C \uBD88\uB9B0\uB2E4. \uC774\uB294 \uB2E4\uC74C\uACFC \uAC19\uC774 \uC815\uB9AC\uD574\uBCFC \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \n* \uD6C4\uC0DD\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uC81C1\uC815\uB9AC : \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC18C\uBE44\uC790\uC758 \uC120\uD638 \uCCB4\uACC4\uAC00 \uC744 \uAC16\uACE0 \uACBD\uC81C \uC548\uC5D0 \uC678\uBD80\uC131\uC774 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uC73C\uBA74 \uC77C\uBC18\uACBD\uC7C1\uADE0\uD615\uC758 \uBC30\uBD84\uC740 \uD30C\uB808\uD1A0 \uD6A8\uC728\uC801\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uD6C4\uC0DD\uACBD\uC81C\uD559\uC758 \uC81C2\uC815\uB9AC : \uCD08\uAE30\uBD80\uC874\uC790\uC6D0\uC774 \uC801\uC808\uD558\uAC8C \uBD84\uBC30\uB41C \uC0C1\uD0DC\uC5D0\uC11C, \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0AC\uB78C\uC758 \uC120\uD638\uAC00 (\uC5F0\uC18D\uC801\uC774\uACE0 \uAC15\uB2E8\uC870\uC801\uC778 \uC704\uC5D0) \uBCFC\uB85D\uC131\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C0\uBA74 \uD30C\uB808\uD1A0 \uD6A8\uC728\uC801\uC778 \uBC30\uBD84\uC740 \uC77C\uBC18\uACBD\uC7C1\uADE0\uD615\uC758 \uACB0\uACFC\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . "\u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044B \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044F. \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043E\u043A \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043A \u043A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044E, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u043B\u0430\u0431\u043E \u041F\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E-\u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E, \u0432 \u0442\u043E\u043C \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435, \u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043E\u043A \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043C\u0438 : 1. \u0420\u044B\u043D\u043A\u0438 \u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0430\u043A\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043A\u0438, \u0430 \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u043A\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044B\u0439 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439. 2. \u0426\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043E\u0442 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0439, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043B\u0435\u0433\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434 \u043A \u0440\u044B\u043D\u043A\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u044B\u0445\u043E\u0434 \u0438\u0437 \u043D\u0435\u0433\u043E. \u041A\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435 \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u041F\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043E-\u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0443\u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0438: \u0427\u0435\u0442\u044B\u0440\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044B \u042D\u0440\u0440\u043E\u0443 :"@ru . "Existem dois teoremas fundamentais da economia do bem-estar. O primeiro afirma que, em equil\u00EDbrio econ\u00F4mico, um conjunto de mercados completos, com informa\u00E7\u00F5es completas e em concorr\u00EAncia perfeita, ser\u00E1 \u00F3timo de Pareto (no sentido de que nenhuma troca adicional deixaria uma pessoa melhor sem piorar outra). Os requisitos para uma competi\u00E7\u00E3o perfeita s\u00E3o estes: 1. \n* N\u00E3o existem externalidades e cada ator tem informa\u00E7\u00F5es perfeitas. 2. \n* As empresas e os consumidores consideram os pre\u00E7os dados (nenhum ator econ\u00F4mico ou grupo de atores tem poder de mercado). O teorema \u00E0s vezes \u00E9 visto como uma confirma\u00E7\u00E3o anal\u00EDtica do princ\u00EDpio da \"m\u00E3o invis\u00EDvel \" de Adam Smith, ou seja, que os mercados competitivos garantem uma aloca\u00E7\u00E3o eficiente de recursos . No entanto, n\u00E3o h\u00E1 garantia de que o resultado de mercado ideal de Pareto seja socialmente desej\u00E1vel, pois h\u00E1 muitas aloca\u00E7\u00F5es de recursos eficientes de Pareto poss\u00EDveis que diferem em sua desejabilidade (por exemplo, uma pessoa pode possuir tudo e todos os outros nada). O segundo teorema afirma que qualquer \u00F3timo de Pareto pode ser sustentado como um equil\u00EDbrio competitivo para algum conjunto inicial de dota\u00E7\u00F5es. A implica\u00E7\u00E3o \u00E9 que qualquer resultado \u00F3timo de Pareto desejado pode ser sustentado; A efici\u00EAncia de Pareto pode ser alcan\u00E7ada com qualquer redistribui\u00E7\u00E3o da riqueza inicial. No entanto, as tentativas de corrigir a distribui\u00E7\u00E3o podem introduzir distor\u00E7\u00F5es e, portanto, a otimiza\u00E7\u00E3o total pode n\u00E3o ser ating\u00EDvel com a redistribui\u00E7\u00E3o. Os teoremas podem ser visualizados graficamente para uma economia de trocas puras simples por meio do diagrama da caixa de Edgeworth."@pt . . "32078"^^ . "Hay dos teoremas fundamentales de la econom\u00EDa del bienestar.\u200B\u200B El primero afirma que cualquier equilibrio competitivo o walrasiano\u200B lleva a una situaci\u00F3n de asignaci\u00F3n de recursos econ\u00F3micos que es eficiente en el sentido de Pareto. El segundo teorema es contrarec\u00EDproco del primero; afirma que cualquier asignaci\u00F3n eficiente u \u00F3ptimo de Pareto se puede obtener mediante un equilibrio competitivo.\u200B\u200B\u200B A pesar de la aparente simetr\u00EDa de ambos teoremas, en realidad el primero es mucho m\u00E1s general que el segundo, requiriendo supuestos m\u00E1s d\u00E9biles."@es . . . "\u539A\u751F\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406"@ja . . . . . "\u798F\u5229\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5B66\u5171\u6709\u4E24\u5927\u57FA\u672C\u5B9A\u7406\u3002"@zh . . .