"The glycome is the entire complement of sugars, whether free or present in more complex molecules, of an organism. An alternative definition is the entirety of carbohydrates in a cell. The glycome may in fact be one of the most complex entities in nature. \"Glycomics, analogous to genomics and proteomics, is the systematic study of all glycan structures of a given cell type or organism\" and is a subset of glycobiology. \"Carbohydrate\", \"glycan\", \"saccharide\", and \"sugar\" are generic terms used interchangeably in this context and includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and derivatives of these compounds. Carbohydrates consist of \u201Chydrated carbon\u201D, i.e. [CH2O]n. Monosaccharides are a carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolyzed into a simpler carbohydrate and are the building blocks of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. Oligosaccharides are linear or branched chains of monosaccharides attached to one another via glycosidic linkages. The number of monosaccharide units can vary. Polysaccharides are glycans composed of repeating monosaccharides, generally greater than ten monosaccharide units in length. The glycome exceeds the complexity of the proteome as a result of the even greater diversity of the glycome's constituent carbohydrates and is further complicated by the sheer multiplicity of possibilities in the combination and interaction of the carbohydrates with each other and with proteins. \"The spectrum of all glycan structures \u2014 the glycome \u2014 is immense. In humans, its size is orders of magnitude greater than the number of proteins that are encoded by the genome, one percent of which encodes proteins that make, modify, localize or bind sugar chains, which are known as glycans.\" The outer surface of the cell is a sea of lipids with a fleet of sugar molecules, many of which are attached to proteins, fats or both, that interact with molecules outside the cell and are critical for the communication between cells and the stickiness of a cell. \"Glycans are nature's biologic modifiers,\" says Jamey Marth, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at the University of California San Diego.\"Glycans generally don't turn physiologic processes on and off, rather they modify the behavior of the cell by responding to external stimuli.\""@en . "12635"^^ . . . "\uAE00\uB9AC\uCF64"@ko . "\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\uFF08Glycome\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u3042\u308B\u751F\u7269\u306E\u6301\u3064\u5168\u3066\u306E\u7CD6\u3092\u7DB2\u7F85\u3057\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306B\u306F\u3001\u5358\u72EC\u3067\u5B58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u7CD6\u3082\u3001\u4ED6\u306E\u7269\u8CEA\u3068\u8907\u5408\u4F53\u3092\u5F62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u7CD6\u3082\u542B\u307E\u308C\u308B\u3002\u307E\u305F\u3001\u7D30\u80DE\u306B\u542B\u307E\u308C\u308B\u5168\u3066\u306E\u70AD\u6C34\u5316\u7269\u3001\u3068\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3002\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\u306F\u3001\u81EA\u7136\u754C\u3067\u6700\u3082\u8907\u96D1\u306A\u30AB\u30BF\u30ED\u30B0\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\u306F\u7CD6\u751F\u7269\u5B66\u3067\u7814\u7A76\u3055\u308C\u3001\u3053\u308C\u306F\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u3068\u8A00\u308F\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u6271\u308F\u308C\u308B\u70AD\u6C34\u5316\u7269\u306E\u591A\u69D8\u6027\u304C\u975E\u5E38\u306B\u5927\u304D\u304F\u3001\u307E\u305F\u70AD\u6C34\u5316\u7269\u540C\u58EB\u3084\u70AD\u6C34\u5316\u7269-\u30BF\u30F3\u30D1\u30AF\u8CEA\u9593\u306E\u7D50\u5408\u3084\u76F8\u4E92\u4F5C\u7528\u306E\u3057\u304B\u305F\u304C\u591A\u69D8\u3067\u3042\u308B\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\u306F\u30D7\u30ED\u30C6\u30AA\u30FC\u30E0\u3088\u308A\u3082\u9065\u304B\u306B\u8907\u96D1\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3057\u304B\u3057\u3001\u8CEA\u91CF\u5206\u6790\u5668\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305F\u5FAE\u91CF\u5206\u6790\u3068\u30D0\u30A4\u30AA\u30A4\u30F3\u30D5\u30A9\u30DE\u30C6\u30A3\u30AF\u30B9\u306E\u6280\u8853\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u4F53\u7CFB\u7684\u306A\u30AB\u30BF\u30ED\u30B0\u4F5C\u308A\u306F\u53EF\u80FD\u3068\u306A\u308A\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u30AB\u30EA\u30D5\u30A9\u30EB\u30CB\u30A2\u5927\u5B66\u533B\u5B66\u90E8\u6559\u6388\u306EAjit Varki\u306F\u3001\u300C\u304A\u305D\u3089\u304F\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\u306F\u30B2\u30CE\u30E0\u306E\u6570\u5343\u500D\u3082\u8907\u96D1\u3060\u308D\u3046\u300D\u3068\u8FF0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . "Le glycome d\u00E9signe en biologie l'effectif total de sucres (ou glucides) d'une cellule (bact\u00E9rie par exemple) ou d'un organisme, que ces sucres soient libres ou pr\u00E9sents de mani\u00E8re polym\u00E9ris\u00E9e (amidon par exemple) dans des mol\u00E9cules complexes. Le glycome, omnipr\u00E9sent dans le vivant, est aux \u00E9chelles nanom\u00E9triques et microscopiques l'une des entit\u00E9s les plus complexes du monde nature, plus complexe et vari\u00E9 encore que le monde des prot\u00E9ines. On parle parfois de (glycomics pour les anglophones), par analogue \u00E0 g\u00E9nomique et \u00E0 la prot\u00E9omique pour d\u00E9signer l'\u00E9tude syst\u00E9matique de tous les glycanes des structures d'un type cellulaire donn\u00E9 ou d'un organisme. C'est un sous-ensemble de la glycobiologie."@fr . "Glicoma"@es . . "Glycome"@fr . "El glicoma es el complemento entero de az\u00FAcares, bien libres, bien presentes en mol\u00E9culas m\u00E1s complejas, de un organismo. Una definici\u00F3n alternativa es la totalidad de carbohidratos en una c\u00E9lula. El glicoma puede constituir una de las entidades m\u00E1s complejas en la naturaleza. El glicoma se estudia en la glicobiolog\u00EDa, a veces referida como glic\u00F3mica. El glicoma excede la complejidad del proteoma como resultado de la diversidad cada vez m\u00E1s grande de los carbohidratos constituyentes del glicoma, y se complica adicionalmente por la multiplicidad de posibilidades en la combinaci\u00F3n e interacci\u00F3n de los carbohidratos unos con otros y con las prote\u00EDna. Ajit Varki, profesor de medicina y biolog\u00EDa celular y molecular, y director del Glycobiology Research and Training Center en la Universidad de California, San Diego, afirma que el glicoma es \"probablemente cientos de veces m\u00E1s complicado que el genoma, en magnitud de complejidad y nivel de diversidad\". (Perkel 2002)"@es . . . . . "\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\uFF08Glycome\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u3042\u308B\u751F\u7269\u306E\u6301\u3064\u5168\u3066\u306E\u7CD6\u3092\u7DB2\u7F85\u3057\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306B\u306F\u3001\u5358\u72EC\u3067\u5B58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u7CD6\u3082\u3001\u4ED6\u306E\u7269\u8CEA\u3068\u8907\u5408\u4F53\u3092\u5F62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u7CD6\u3082\u542B\u307E\u308C\u308B\u3002\u307E\u305F\u3001\u7D30\u80DE\u306B\u542B\u307E\u308C\u308B\u5168\u3066\u306E\u70AD\u6C34\u5316\u7269\u3001\u3068\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3002\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\u306F\u3001\u81EA\u7136\u754C\u3067\u6700\u3082\u8907\u96D1\u306A\u30AB\u30BF\u30ED\u30B0\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\u306F\u7CD6\u751F\u7269\u5B66\u3067\u7814\u7A76\u3055\u308C\u3001\u3053\u308C\u306F\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u3068\u8A00\u308F\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u6271\u308F\u308C\u308B\u70AD\u6C34\u5316\u7269\u306E\u591A\u69D8\u6027\u304C\u975E\u5E38\u306B\u5927\u304D\u304F\u3001\u307E\u305F\u70AD\u6C34\u5316\u7269\u540C\u58EB\u3084\u70AD\u6C34\u5316\u7269-\u30BF\u30F3\u30D1\u30AF\u8CEA\u9593\u306E\u7D50\u5408\u3084\u76F8\u4E92\u4F5C\u7528\u306E\u3057\u304B\u305F\u304C\u591A\u69D8\u3067\u3042\u308B\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\u306F\u30D7\u30ED\u30C6\u30AA\u30FC\u30E0\u3088\u308A\u3082\u9065\u304B\u306B\u8907\u96D1\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3057\u304B\u3057\u3001\u8CEA\u91CF\u5206\u6790\u5668\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305F\u5FAE\u91CF\u5206\u6790\u3068\u30D0\u30A4\u30AA\u30A4\u30F3\u30D5\u30A9\u30DE\u30C6\u30A3\u30AF\u30B9\u306E\u6280\u8853\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u4F53\u7CFB\u7684\u306A\u30AB\u30BF\u30ED\u30B0\u4F5C\u308A\u306F\u53EF\u80FD\u3068\u306A\u308A\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u30AB\u30EA\u30D5\u30A9\u30EB\u30CB\u30A2\u5927\u5B66\u533B\u5B66\u90E8\u6559\u6388\u306EAjit Varki\u306F\u3001\u300C\u304A\u305D\u3089\u304F\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0\u306F\u30B2\u30CE\u30E0\u306E\u6570\u5343\u500D\u3082\u8907\u96D1\u3060\u308D\u3046\u300D\u3068\u8FF0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The glycome is the entire complement of sugars, whether free or present in more complex molecules, of an organism. An alternative definition is the entirety of carbohydrates in a cell. The glycome may in fact be one of the most complex entities in nature. \"Glycomics, analogous to genomics and proteomics, is the systematic study of all glycan structures of a given cell type or organism\" and is a subset of glycobiology."@en . . . . . . . . . "El glicoma es el complemento entero de az\u00FAcares, bien libres, bien presentes en mol\u00E9culas m\u00E1s complejas, de un organismo. Una definici\u00F3n alternativa es la totalidad de carbohidratos en una c\u00E9lula. El glicoma puede constituir una de las entidades m\u00E1s complejas en la naturaleza. El glicoma se estudia en la glicobiolog\u00EDa, a veces referida como glic\u00F3mica."@es . . . . . . . "Glycome"@en . . . . . "\uAE00\uB9AC\uCF64(\uC601\uC5B4: glycome)\uC740 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uCCB4\uC758 \uC790\uC720 \uBD84\uC790 \uB610\uB294 \uB354 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uBD84\uC790\uC5D0 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uB294\uC9C0 \uC5EC\uBD80\uC5D0 \uAD00\uACC4\uC5C6\uC774 \uB2F9 \uC0AC\uC2AC\uC758 \uC804\uCCB4\uB97C \uC758\uBBF8\uD55C\uB2E4. \uB610 \uB2E4\uB978 \uC815\uC758\uB294 \uC138\uD3EC\uC758 \uD0C4\uC218\uD654\uBB3C \uC804\uCCB4\uB97C \uC9C0\uCE6D\uD55C\uB2E4. \uAE00\uB9AC\uCF64\uC740 \uC2E4\uC81C\uB85C \uC790\uC5F0\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uC2E4\uCCB4\uB4E4 \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC77C \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC720\uC804\uCCB4\uD559, \uB2E8\uBC31\uC9C8\uCCB4\uD559\uACFC \uC720\uC0AC\uD55C \uB2F9\uC9C8\uCCB4\uD559\uC740 \uC8FC\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uC138\uD3EC \uC720\uD615 \uB610\uB294 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uCCB4\uC758 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uAE00\uB9AC\uCE78 \uAD6C\uC870\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uCCB4\uACC4\uC801\uC778 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC774\uBA70, \uB2F9\uC0DD\uBB3C\uD559\uC758 \uD558\uC704 \uBD84\uC57C\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . "1041598088"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "216783"^^ . . "\uAE00\uB9AC\uCF64(\uC601\uC5B4: glycome)\uC740 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uCCB4\uC758 \uC790\uC720 \uBD84\uC790 \uB610\uB294 \uB354 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uBD84\uC790\uC5D0 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uB294\uC9C0 \uC5EC\uBD80\uC5D0 \uAD00\uACC4\uC5C6\uC774 \uB2F9 \uC0AC\uC2AC\uC758 \uC804\uCCB4\uB97C \uC758\uBBF8\uD55C\uB2E4. \uB610 \uB2E4\uB978 \uC815\uC758\uB294 \uC138\uD3EC\uC758 \uD0C4\uC218\uD654\uBB3C \uC804\uCCB4\uB97C \uC9C0\uCE6D\uD55C\uB2E4. \uAE00\uB9AC\uCF64\uC740 \uC2E4\uC81C\uB85C \uC790\uC5F0\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uC2E4\uCCB4\uB4E4 \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC77C \uC218 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC720\uC804\uCCB4\uD559, \uB2E8\uBC31\uC9C8\uCCB4\uD559\uACFC \uC720\uC0AC\uD55C \uB2F9\uC9C8\uCCB4\uD559\uC740 \uC8FC\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uC138\uD3EC \uC720\uD615 \uB610\uB294 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uCCB4\uC758 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uAE00\uB9AC\uCE78 \uAD6C\uC870\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uCCB4\uACC4\uC801\uC778 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC774\uBA70, \uB2F9\uC0DD\uBB3C\uD559\uC758 \uD558\uC704 \uBD84\uC57C\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Le glycome d\u00E9signe en biologie l'effectif total de sucres (ou glucides) d'une cellule (bact\u00E9rie par exemple) ou d'un organisme, que ces sucres soient libres ou pr\u00E9sents de mani\u00E8re polym\u00E9ris\u00E9e (amidon par exemple) dans des mol\u00E9cules complexes. Le glycome, omnipr\u00E9sent dans le vivant, est aux \u00E9chelles nanom\u00E9triques et microscopiques l'une des entit\u00E9s les plus complexes du monde nature, plus complexe et vari\u00E9 encore que le monde des prot\u00E9ines."@fr . . . "\u30B0\u30E9\u30A4\u30B3\u30FC\u30E0"@ja . . . . .