. . . "Godred Crovan (v.irl. Gofraid mac meic Arailt, Gofraid M\u00E9ranech) (mort en 1095) r\u00E9gna sur Dublin, l'\u00EEle de Man et les H\u00E9brides dans la seconde partie du XIe si\u00E8cle. Son \u00E9pith\u00E8te \u00AB Crovan \u00BB vient de l'irlandais crobh bhan (\u00AB main blanche \u00BB). Ce surnom semble venir de ce qu'il enfilait des gants blancs lorsqu'il partait en guerre. Dans le folklore mannois, il est connu comme le roi Orry (King Orry)."@fr . . "Godred Crovan"@en . . "Godred Crovan (antico irlandese: Gofraid mac meic Arailt, Gofraid M\u00E9ranech; ) (Isola di Man, ... \u2013 Islay, 1095) \u00E8 stato un re vichingo-gaelico di Dublino e dell' nella seconda met\u00E0 dell'XI secolo. L'epiteto di Godred, Crovan, pu\u00F2 significare \"mano bianca\" (medio irlandese: crobh bhan). Nel folclore di Man \u00E8 conosciuto come Re Orry."@it . . "Gofraid Crob\u00E1n"@in . . "Godred Crovan (antico irlandese: Gofraid mac meic Arailt, Gofraid M\u00E9ranech; ) (Isola di Man, ... \u2013 Islay, 1095) \u00E8 stato un re vichingo-gaelico di Dublino e dell' nella seconda met\u00E0 dell'XI secolo. L'epiteto di Godred, Crovan, pu\u00F2 significare \"mano bianca\" (medio irlandese: crobh bhan). Nel folclore di Man \u00E8 conosciuto come Re Orry."@it . . . . "King of Dublin and the Isles"@en . . . . . . . "Godred Crovan"@es . . . . "Gofraid Mac Meic Arailt"@ga . "Gofraid Crob\u00E1n adalah . Dublin sendiri adalah sebuah kerajaan yang pernah berdiri di sisi timur Pulau Irlandia, dan kerajaan ini juga merupakan kerajaan Viking pertama di pulau tersebut. Gofraid Crob\u00E1n mulai berkuasa sebagai raja pada tahun 1091. Masa kekuasaannya kemudian berakhir pada tahun 1094."@in . "Godred Crovan (irland\u00E9s antiguo: Gofraid mac meic Arailt; Gofraid M\u00E9ranech; n\u00F3rdico antiguo: Gu\u00F0r\u00F8\u00F0r;\u200B idioma manes: Gorree Crovan) (m. 1095) fue un caudillo hiberno-n\u00F3rdico, monarca del reino de Dubl\u00EDn y rey de Mann y las islas durante la segunda mitad del siglo XI, apodado Manos Blancas, el primero de los U\u00ED \u00CDmair en recuperar el trono de Dubl\u00EDn despu\u00E9s de casi 20 a\u00F1os tras la ca\u00EDda de Gofraid mac Amlaib mac Ragnaill en 1072 y posterior supremac\u00EDa y gobierno de las dinast\u00EDas irlandesas.\u200B"@es . . "Godred Crovan (died 1095), known in Gaelic as Gofraid Crob\u00E1n, Gofraid Mer\u00E1nach, and Gofraid M\u00E9r\u00E1nach, was a Norse-Gaelic ruler of the kingdoms of Dublin and the Isles. Although his precise parentage has not completely been proven, he was certainly an U\u00ED \u00CDmair dynast, and a descendant of Amla\u00EDb C\u00FAar\u00E1n, King of Northumbria and Dublin. Godred first appears on record in the context of supporting the Norwegian invasion of England in 1066. Following the collapse of this campaign, Godred is recorded to have arrived on Mann, at the court of Gofraid mac Sitriuc, King of the Isles, a likely kinsman of his. During the 1070s, the latter died and was succeeded by his son, Fingal. Within the decade, Godred violently seized the kingship for himself, although the exact circumstances surrounding this takeover are uncertain. By 1091, Godred attained the kingship of Dublin, and thereby secured complete control of the valuable trade routes through the Irish Sea region. Godred's expansion may be further perceptible in the Clyde estuary and Galloway, and may well have forced the English to consolidate control of Cumberland in an effort to secure their western maritime flank. Godred appears to have drawn his power from the Hebrides; and archaeological evidence from Mann reveals that, in comparison to the decades previous to his takeover, the island seems to have enjoyed a period of relative peace. During his reign, Godred appears to have lent military assistance to Gruffudd ap Cynan, King of Gwynedd, a probable kinsman, who was then locked in continuous conflicts with Welsh rivals and encroaching English magnates. The earliest known Bishops of the Isles date from about the time of Godred's reign, although it is almost certain that earlier ecclesiastes held this position. It may have been just prior to Godred's accession in the Isles, whilst Dublin was under the ultimate control of Toirdelbach Ua Briain, King of Munster, that Dublin and the Isles were ecclesiastically separated once and for all. Godred's rule in Dublin came to an abrupt end in 1094 with his expulsion at the hands of Muirchertach Ua Briain, King of Munster, a man who may have even driven Godred from Mann as well. Documentary evidence reveals that the last decade of the eleventh century saw an upsurge in plague and famine. According to Irish sources, one quarter of Ireland perished from pestilence in 1095 alone. One of the fatalities was Godred himself, who died on Islay, an apparent power centre in the Isles. Godred's greatest impact on history may have been his founding of the Crovan dynasty, his patrilineal descendants who ruled in the Isles for almost two centuries. Godred was an important maternal ancestor of Clann Somairle, a family that held power in the Isles centuries after the final extinction of the Crovan dynasty. As such, he may be identical to Gofraid mac Fergusa, an apparent genealogical construct claimed as a Clann Somairle ancestor. Godred may well be identical to the celebrated King Orry of Manx legend, a figure traditionally credited with instituting the Manx legal system. Godred and King Orry are associated with numerous historic and prehistoric sites on Mann and Islay."@en . "\u0413\u043E\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0434 II (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0413\u043E\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0434 \u041C\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0445 \u0438 \u0413\u0443\u0434\u0440\u0451\u0434 \u041A\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D; \u043D\u043E\u0440\u0432. Godred Crovan, \u0434\u0440.\u2011\u0438\u0440\u043B. Gofraid mac meic Arailt, Gofraid M\u00E9ranech, \u043C\u044D\u043D\u0441\u043A. Gorree Crovan; \u0443\u043C\u0435\u0440 \u0432 1095) \u2014 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u041C\u044D\u043D\u0430 (1079\u20141095) \u0438 \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0430 (\u043E\u043A. 1091\u20141094), \u0441\u044B\u043D \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u044F\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0418\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430 III (\u0443\u043C. 1054), \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0430 (1038\u20141046). \u0412 \u0444\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043B\u043E\u0440\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0435 \u041C\u044D\u043D \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D \u043A\u0430\u043A \u00AB\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u041E\u0440\u0440\u0438\u00BB."@ru . . . . . . . . . . "Gofraid Crob\u00E1n adalah . Dublin sendiri adalah sebuah kerajaan yang pernah berdiri di sisi timur Pulau Irlandia, dan kerajaan ini juga merupakan kerajaan Viking pertama di pulau tersebut. Gofraid Crob\u00E1n mulai berkuasa sebagai raja pada tahun 1091. Masa kekuasaannya kemudian berakhir pada tahun 1094."@in . . . . . . . . . . "Gottfried IV. (Isle of Man)"@de . . . . . . . "Gottfried IV. (auch Godred Crovan, Gu\u00F0r\u00F8\u00F0r oder Gofraid M\u00E9r\u00E1nach) (\u2020 1095 auf Islay) war ein K\u00F6nig von Man und der Inseln. Er war der Begr\u00FCnder der Crovan-Dynastie bzw. der Godfreysons, die f\u00FCr fast zwei Jahrhunderte Man beherrschte."@de . . . . . "Godred Crovan (died 1095), known in Gaelic as Gofraid Crob\u00E1n, Gofraid Mer\u00E1nach, and Gofraid M\u00E9r\u00E1nach, was a Norse-Gaelic ruler of the kingdoms of Dublin and the Isles. Although his precise parentage has not completely been proven, he was certainly an U\u00ED \u00CDmair dynast, and a descendant of Amla\u00EDb C\u00FAar\u00E1n, King of Northumbria and Dublin."@en . "Godred Crovan"@it . . . . . . . . . . "Godred Crovan (irland\u00E9s antiguo: Gofraid mac meic Arailt; Gofraid M\u00E9ranech; n\u00F3rdico antiguo: Gu\u00F0r\u00F8\u00F0r;\u200B idioma manes: Gorree Crovan) (m. 1095) fue un caudillo hiberno-n\u00F3rdico, monarca del reino de Dubl\u00EDn y rey de Mann y las islas durante la segunda mitad del siglo XI, apodado Manos Blancas, el primero de los U\u00ED \u00CDmair en recuperar el trono de Dubl\u00EDn despu\u00E9s de casi 20 a\u00F1os tras la ca\u00EDda de Gofraid mac Amlaib mac Ragnaill en 1072 y posterior supremac\u00EDa y gobierno de las dinast\u00EDas irlandesas.\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Gottfried IV. (auch Godred Crovan, Gu\u00F0r\u00F8\u00F0r oder Gofraid M\u00E9r\u00E1nach) (\u2020 1095 auf Islay) war ein K\u00F6nig von Man und der Inseln. Er war der Begr\u00FCnder der Crovan-Dynastie bzw. der Godfreysons, die f\u00FCr fast zwei Jahrhunderte Man beherrschte."@de . . . . "\u0413\u043E\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0434 II (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0413\u043E\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0434 \u041C\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0445 \u0438 \u0413\u0443\u0434\u0440\u0451\u0434 \u041A\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D; \u043D\u043E\u0440\u0432. Godred Crovan, \u0434\u0440.\u2011\u0438\u0440\u043B. Gofraid mac meic Arailt, Gofraid M\u00E9ranech, \u043C\u044D\u043D\u0441\u043A. Gorree Crovan; \u0443\u043C\u0435\u0440 \u0432 1095) \u2014 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u041C\u044D\u043D\u0430 (1079\u20141095) \u0438 \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0430 (\u043E\u043A. 1091\u20141094), \u0441\u044B\u043D \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u044F\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0418\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430 III (\u0443\u043C. 1054), \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0430 (1038\u20141046). \u0412 \u0444\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043B\u043E\u0440\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0435 \u041C\u044D\u043D \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D \u043A\u0430\u043A \u00AB\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u041E\u0440\u0440\u0438\u00BB."@ru . "\u0413\u043E\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0434 II (\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0430)"@ru . "Ba rialt\u00F3ir Gall-Ghaelach \u00E9 Gofraid Mac Meic Arailt n\u00F3 Gofraid M\u00E9ranech (B\u00E9arla: Godred Crovan) ar Bhaile \u00C1tha Cliath, agus bh\u00ED s\u00E9 ina R\u00ED Inse Ghall agus Mhanann freisin, sa dara leath den 11\u00FA haois. F\u00E9adfaidh go gcialla\u00EDonn an buafhocal 'Crovan' \"l\u00E1mh bh\u00E1n\" (Me\u00E1n-Ghaeilge:crobh bhan)."@ga . . . . . . "Godred Crovan"@fr . . . . . "Ba rialt\u00F3ir Gall-Ghaelach \u00E9 Gofraid Mac Meic Arailt n\u00F3 Gofraid M\u00E9ranech (B\u00E9arla: Godred Crovan) ar Bhaile \u00C1tha Cliath, agus bh\u00ED s\u00E9 ina R\u00ED Inse Ghall agus Mhanann freisin, sa dara leath den 11\u00FA haois. F\u00E9adfaidh go gcialla\u00EDonn an buafhocal 'Crovan' \"l\u00E1mh bh\u00E1n\" (Me\u00E1n-Ghaeilge:crobh bhan)."@ga . . . . . . "Godred Crovan (v.irl. Gofraid mac meic Arailt, Gofraid M\u00E9ranech) (mort en 1095) r\u00E9gna sur Dublin, l'\u00EEle de Man et les H\u00E9brides dans la seconde partie du XIe si\u00E8cle. Son \u00E9pith\u00E8te \u00AB Crovan \u00BB vient de l'irlandais crobh bhan (\u00AB main blanche \u00BB). Ce surnom semble venir de ce qu'il enfilait des gants blancs lorsqu'il partait en guerre. Dans le folklore mannois, il est connu comme le roi Orry (King Orry)."@fr . . . . .