. . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Le cupole persiane hanno un'origine antica e una storia che si estende fino all'epoca moderna."@it . . . . . . . . . . . "\u064A\u0639\u0648\u062F \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B. \u062C\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064A \u0642\u062F\u0645\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645\u0629 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062A\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649. \u062A\u064F\u0631\u062C\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062D\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645\u0629 \u064A\u062A\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062E\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0645\u062B\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062A\u060C \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062D\u062C\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u062A\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u062E\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062D\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0635\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0637\u0631\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062B\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u062A\u062F\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062B\u0642\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062C\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u063A\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0628\u064F\u0646\u064A\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u062C\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062F \u0648\u063A\u064A\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064A\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649. \u062A\u0628\u0646\u062A \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u062D\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062F\u062E\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062A\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064A\u0643\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u062F\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062E\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u063A\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062F\u0648\u062C\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062B\u0644\u0627\u062B\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062A\u0641\u062E\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062A\u064F\u062E\u062F\u0645\u062A \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062E\u0631\u0641\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064A \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064A\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062A\u0632\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062D \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0631\u062C\u064A \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062D \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u062E\u0644\u064A\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . "34485"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Storia delle cupole persiane"@it . . . . . . . . . . "1055052392"^^ . . . . . . "A hist\u00F3ria das c\u00FApulas persas ou c\u00FApulas iranianas, t\u00EAm uma origem antiga e uma hist\u00F3ria que se estende at\u00E9 \u00E0 era moderna. O uso de c\u00FApulas na antiga Mesopot\u00E2mia levou-se a cabo atrav\u00E9s de uma sucess\u00E3o de imp\u00E9rios na regi\u00E3o do Grande Ir\u00E3o. Uma antiga tradi\u00E7\u00E3o de carpas da audi\u00EAncia real que representam os c\u00E9us se traduziu em c\u00FApulas monumentais de pedra e tijolo devido \u00E0 inven\u00E7\u00E3o da trompa de \u00E2ngulo, um m\u00E9todo confi\u00E1vel para sustentar a base circular de uma c\u00FApula pesada sobre as paredes de uma c\u00E2mara quadrada. As c\u00FApulas constru\u00EDram-se como parte de pal\u00E1cios reais, fortalezas e templos, entre outras estruturas. Com a introdu\u00E7\u00E3o do isl\u00E3o no s\u00E9culo VII, a arquitectura das mesquitas e mausol\u00E9us tamb\u00E9m adoptou e desenvolveu estas formas. As inova\u00E7\u00F5es estruturais inclu\u00EDam c\u00FApulas pontiagudas, tambores, tectos c\u00F3nicos, o uso de muqarnas, e formas bulbosas. Para decorar o exterior e as superf\u00EDcies interiores utilizaram-se padr\u00F5es decorativos de tijolo ou azulejos, e tamb\u00E9m mosaicos coloridos e pintados de azulejos."@pt . "Le cupole persiane hanno un'origine antica e una storia che si estende fino all'epoca moderna."@it . . . . . . . . "Hist\u00F3ria das c\u00FApulas persas"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064A\u0629"@ar . . . . . . . "Las c\u00FApulas persas o c\u00FApulas iran\u00EDes tienen un origen antiguo y una historia que se extiende a la era moderna. El uso de c\u00FApulas en la antigua Mesopotamia se sucedi\u00F3 a trav\u00E9s de los imperios que gobernaron la regi\u00F3n del Gran Ir\u00E1n. La antigua tradici\u00F3n de cubrir las audiencias reales con tiendas en forma de carpa que representaban los cielos, deriv\u00F3 en el uso las c\u00FApulas monumentales hechas de piedra y ladrillo. Ello fue posible debido a la invenci\u00F3n de la trompa,\u200B un elemento estructural que permit\u00EDa la transici\u00F3n desde la base circular de las pesadas c\u00FApulas hasta los macizos muros de soporte de los recintos, generalmente cuadrados (aunque tambi\u00E9n octogonales). Las c\u00FApulas remataban las cubiertas de los palacios reales, fortalezas y templos, entre otras edificaciones. Con la introducci\u00F3n del Islam en el siglo VII, tambi\u00E9n la arquitectura de las mezquitas y mausoleos adopt\u00F3 y desarroll\u00F3 este elemento. Las innovaciones estructurales se sucedieron, con el uso de c\u00FApulas apuntadas, de tambores, de techos c\u00F3nicos, de c\u00E1scaras dobles y triples, y el empleo de moc\u00E1rabes o muqarbas,\u200B y de formas bulbosas. Para decorar tanto el exterior como las superficies interiores se utilizaron patrones decorativos de ladrillo, costillas entrelazadas, yesos pintados y coloridos mosaicos de azulejos."@es . . . . . . . . "45656536"^^ . . "Persian domes or Iranian domes have an ancient origin and a history extending to the modern era. The use of domes in ancient Mesopotamia was carried forward through a succession of empires in the Greater Iran region. An ancient tradition of royal audience tents representing the heavens was translated into monumental stone and brick domes due to the invention of the squinch, a reliable method of supporting the circular base of a heavy dome upon the walls of a square chamber. Domes were built as part of royal palaces, castles, caravansaries, and temples, among other structures. With the introduction of Islam in the 7th century, mosque and mausoleum architecture also adopted and developed these forms. Structural innovations included pointed domes, drums, conical roofs, double and triple shells, and the use of muqarnas and bulbous forms. Decorative brick patterning, interlaced ribs, painted plaster, and colorful tiled mosaics were used to decorate the exterior as well as the interior surfaces."@en . . . . . . . . . "Las c\u00FApulas persas o c\u00FApulas iran\u00EDes tienen un origen antiguo y una historia que se extiende a la era moderna. El uso de c\u00FApulas en la antigua Mesopotamia se sucedi\u00F3 a trav\u00E9s de los imperios que gobernaron la regi\u00F3n del Gran Ir\u00E1n."@es . . . "Historia de las c\u00FApulas persas"@es . . . . . . "Persian domes or Iranian domes have an ancient origin and a history extending to the modern era. The use of domes in ancient Mesopotamia was carried forward through a succession of empires in the Greater Iran region. An ancient tradition of royal audience tents representing the heavens was translated into monumental stone and brick domes due to the invention of the squinch, a reliable method of supporting the circular base of a heavy dome upon the walls of a square chamber. Domes were built as part of royal palaces, castles, caravansaries, and temples, among other structures."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "A hist\u00F3ria das c\u00FApulas persas ou c\u00FApulas iranianas, t\u00EAm uma origem antiga e uma hist\u00F3ria que se estende at\u00E9 \u00E0 era moderna. O uso de c\u00FApulas na antiga Mesopot\u00E2mia levou-se a cabo atrav\u00E9s de uma sucess\u00E3o de imp\u00E9rios na regi\u00E3o do Grande Ir\u00E3o."@pt . . . . "\u064A\u0639\u0648\u062F \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B. \u062C\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064A \u0642\u062F\u0645\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645\u0629 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062A\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649. \u062A\u064F\u0631\u062C\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062D\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645\u0629 \u064A\u062A\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062E\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0645\u062B\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062A\u060C \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062D\u062C\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u062A\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u062E\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062D\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0635\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0637\u0631\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062B\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u062A\u062F\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062B\u0642\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062C\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u063A\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0628\u064F\u0646\u064A\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u062C\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062F \u0648\u063A\u064A\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064A\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "History of Persian domes"@en . . .