. . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B (\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B \u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B; \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. immediate early genes; IEGs) \u2014 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B, \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0446\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044B\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u043E \u0431\u044B\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043D\u0435\u0448\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044F\u0445 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043B\u0435\u0442\u043A\u0443, \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u0432\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0443\u043B\u043E\u0432. \u0412\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u044B \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432. \u041D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 IEG \u2014 , c-myc \u0438 . \u041D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u0432 \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . "I Geni Immediati Precoci (IEG, dall'inglese Immediate Early Genes) sono geni che vengono attivati in maniera repentina e transitoria in risposta ad una grande variet\u00E0 di stimoli cellulari. Essi rappresentano un meccanismo di risposta precoce che viene attivato a livello trascrizionale, prima ancora che le altre proteine vengano sintetizzate. \u00C8 per questa caratteristica che gli IEG si distinguono dai Geni dalla risposta tardiva, che saranno attivati in un secondo momento e, solitamente, in maniera pi\u00F9 consistente. I Geni immediati precoci sono quindi stati chiamati anche i geni dell'\"accesso alla risposta genomica\". Tale termine \u00E8 generico, e pu\u00F2 indicare dalle prime proteine virali prodotte in seguito all'infezione alle proteine cellulari prodotte in seguito a stimolazioni. Finora sono stati individuati pi\u00F9 di 40 IEG. I pi\u00F9 conosciuti e meglio caratterizzati includono c-fos, e c-jun, geni che si \u00E8 scoperto essere omologhi ad alcuni oncogeni retrovirali. Nel loro ruolo di \"accesso alla risposta genomica\" molti prodotti degli IEG sono fattori di trascrizione, altri fattori leganti il DNA. In ogni caso, altre classi importanti di prodotti di IEG includono proteine secrete e proteine del citoscheletro. Alcuni IEG come zif 268 sono stati scoperti essere implicati in processi di memorizzazione e long term potentiation."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ein Immediate early gene (kurz: IEG, zu Deutsch etwa unmittelbares fr\u00FChes Gen) ist ein Gen, das innerhalb weniger Minuten nach der Stimulation einer Zelle transkribiert wird. Die Transkription dieser Gene ist nur vor\u00FCbergehend und endet bereits einige Minuten nach der Stimulation. Diese Stimulation kann durch Wachstumsfaktoren, Neurotransmitter oder elektrische Erregung der Zellen erfolgen. Ein Vermittler, der durch Wachstumsfaktoren ausgel\u00F6sten Signalkaskade ist der Transkriptionsfaktor Serum response factor (SRF), der 1986 von Richard Treisman entdeckt wurde. SRF bindet dabei an die CArG-Box, eine konservierte Region in der Promotorregion vieler Gene, u. a. der von c-Fos und anderer IEGs."@de . . . "1101715757"^^ . . "Immediate early gene"@de . . . . . . . . . "Los genes de expresi\u00F3n inmediata temprana o IEGs (de sus siglas en ingl\u00E9s \"Immediate early gene\") son genes activados transitoria y r\u00E1pidamente como respuesta a una amplia variedad de est\u00EDmulos celulares. Representan un mecanismo de respuesta permanente que es activada a nivel transcripcional como primera respuesta a un est\u00EDmulo dado. Se consideran inmediatos ya que la transcripci\u00F3n de estos genes no requiere de la s\u00EDntesis de nuevas prote\u00EDnas. Por ello, los IEGs son diferentes de los genes de \"respuesta tard\u00EDa\", los cuales \u00FAnicamente pueden ser activados a continuaci\u00F3n de la s\u00EDntesis de prote\u00EDnas. A su vez se considera que son tempranos ya que son expresados en respuesta a un est\u00EDmulo celular reciente. Hasta ahora se han identificado alrededor de 40 IEGs celulares. Los primeros en ser identificados y mejor caracterizados incluyen c-Fos, y c-Jun, que son genes hom\u00F3logos de oncogenes retrovirales. Por ello, los IEGs son bien conocidos como reguladores tempranos de se\u00F1ales de crecimiento y diferenciaci\u00F3n celular. Sin embargo, otras investigaciones sugieren papeles adicionales a los IEGs en muchos otros procesos celulares. Se considera que los IEGs pueden dividirse en factores de transcripci\u00F3n y prote\u00EDnas efectoras que pueden tener una papel directo en la maquinar\u00EDa celular como prote\u00EDnas de secreci\u00F3n, prote\u00EDnas de citoesqueleto y subunidades de receptores. Algunos IEGs tales como y Arc parecen estar implicados en el aprendizaje y en la memoria, as\u00ED como en la potenciaci\u00F3n a largo plazo.\u200B\u200B"@es . . . "\u041D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B (\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B \u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B; \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. immediate early genes; IEGs) \u2014 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B, \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0446\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044B\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043D\u043E \u0431\u044B\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043D\u0435\u0448\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044F\u0445 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043B\u0435\u0442\u043A\u0443, \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u0432\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0443\u043B\u043E\u0432. \u0412\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u044B \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432. \u041D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 IEG \u2014 , c-myc \u0438 . \u041D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u0432 \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438."@ru . "Immediate early genes (IEGs) are genes which are activated transiently and rapidly in response to a wide variety of cellular stimuli. They represent a standing response mechanism that is activated at the transcription level in the first round of response to stimuli, before any new proteins are synthesized. IEGs are distinct from \"late response\" genes, which can only be activated later, following the synthesis of early response gene products. Thus IEGs have been called the \"gateway to the genomic response\". The term can describe viral regulatory proteins that are synthesized following viral infection of a host cell, or cellular proteins that are made immediately following stimulation of a resting cell by extracellular signals. In their role as \"gateways to genomic response\", many IEG products are natural transcription factors or other DNA-binding proteins. However, other important classes of IEG products include secreted proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and receptor subunits. Neuronal IEGs are used prevalently as a marker to track brain activities in the context of memory formation and development of psychiatric disorders. IEGs are also of interest as a therapeutic target for treatment of human cytomegalovirus."@en . . "16553"^^ . "Genes de expresi\u00F3n r\u00E1pida"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043D\u044B"@ru . . . . "Los genes de expresi\u00F3n inmediata temprana o IEGs (de sus siglas en ingl\u00E9s \"Immediate early gene\") son genes activados transitoria y r\u00E1pidamente como respuesta a una amplia variedad de est\u00EDmulos celulares. Representan un mecanismo de respuesta permanente que es activada a nivel transcripcional como primera respuesta a un est\u00EDmulo dado. Se considera que los IEGs pueden dividirse en factores de transcripci\u00F3n y prote\u00EDnas efectoras que pueden tener una papel directo en la maquinar\u00EDa celular como prote\u00EDnas de secreci\u00F3n, prote\u00EDnas de citoesqueleto y subunidades de receptores."@es . . . "Immediate early gene"@en . . "I Geni Immediati Precoci (IEG, dall'inglese Immediate Early Genes) sono geni che vengono attivati in maniera repentina e transitoria in risposta ad una grande variet\u00E0 di stimoli cellulari. Essi rappresentano un meccanismo di risposta precoce che viene attivato a livello trascrizionale, prima ancora che le altre proteine vengano sintetizzate. \u00C8 per questa caratteristica che gli IEG si distinguono dai Geni dalla risposta tardiva, che saranno attivati in un secondo momento e, solitamente, in maniera pi\u00F9 consistente. I Geni immediati precoci sono quindi stati chiamati anche i geni dell'\"accesso alla risposta genomica\". Tale termine \u00E8 generico, e pu\u00F2 indicare dalle prime proteine virali prodotte in seguito all'infezione alle proteine cellulari prodotte in seguito a stimolazioni."@it . "Geni immediati precoci"@it . "Immediate early genes (IEGs) are genes which are activated transiently and rapidly in response to a wide variety of cellular stimuli. They represent a standing response mechanism that is activated at the transcription level in the first round of response to stimuli, before any new proteins are synthesized. IEGs are distinct from \"late response\" genes, which can only be activated later, following the synthesis of early response gene products. Thus IEGs have been called the \"gateway to the genomic response\". The term can describe viral regulatory proteins that are synthesized following viral infection of a host cell, or cellular proteins that are made immediately following stimulation of a resting cell by extracellular signals."@en . . . . . . . "771660"^^ . "Ein Immediate early gene (kurz: IEG, zu Deutsch etwa unmittelbares fr\u00FChes Gen) ist ein Gen, das innerhalb weniger Minuten nach der Stimulation einer Zelle transkribiert wird. Die Transkription dieser Gene ist nur vor\u00FCbergehend und endet bereits einige Minuten nach der Stimulation. Diese Stimulation kann durch Wachstumsfaktoren, Neurotransmitter oder elektrische Erregung der Zellen erfolgen. Ein Vermittler, der durch Wachstumsfaktoren ausgel\u00F6sten Signalkaskade ist der Transkriptionsfaktor Serum response factor (SRF), der 1986 von Richard Treisman entdeckt wurde. SRF bindet dabei an die CArG-Box, eine konservierte Region in der Promotorregion vieler Gene, u. a. der von c-Fos und anderer IEGs. Charakteristisch f\u00FCr IEGs sind die niedrige Expression ohne Stimulation, die schnelle, transiente transkriptionelle und von neuer Proteinsynthese unabh\u00E4ngige Induktion durch extrazellul\u00E4re Stimulation, sowie die darauffolgende Proteinsynthese-abh\u00E4ngige Abschaltung der Transkription. Sie geh\u00F6ren zu den primary response-Genen (zu Deutsch etwa Direktantwort-Gen). Typisch ist auch die kurze Halbwertszeit der mRNA. Die ersten entdeckten Immediate early genes waren \u00FCberwiegend Transkriptionsfaktoren; zu ihnen geh\u00F6ren beispielsweise die Mitglieder der Fos- und Jun-Genfamilien sowie Myc und . Sie f\u00FChren zur Expression von Proteinsynthese-abh\u00E4ngigen secondary response Genen. Mittlerweile ist eine Reihe von IEGs charakterisiert worden, deren Genprodukte selbst als Effektorproteine t\u00E4tig sind. Darunter finden sich Wachstumsfaktoren (BDNF, \u03B2-Activin), Proteine, die an der neuronalen Signalweiterleitung beteiligt sind , Stoffwechselenzyme (Cyclooxygenase-2) und Zellmembranproteine . Neben den IEGs gibt es auch delayed (zu Deutsch verz\u00F6gert) primary response-Gene, deren Proteinsynthese-unabh\u00E4ngige Induktion einige Stunden dauert."@de .