. . . "6001"^^ . . . . . . . "James Fearon"@in . . "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0441 \u0424\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043D (James D. Fearon) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043F\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043B\u0438\u044E, \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0438 \u044D\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0442\u0430\u043C.\u0427\u043B\u0435\u043D \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u041D \u0421\u0428\u0410 (2012) \u0438 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u043A\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A (2002).\u0414\u043E\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438, \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440 (Theodore and Frances Geballe Professor) (\u0441 2004), \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0435\u043B\u043B\u043E FSI \u0421\u0442\u044D\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0430 (2012), \u0432 2008\u20142010 \u0433\u0433. \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B \u043A\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0441 2004 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u0444\u0435\u043B\u043B\u043E .\u041E\u0442\u043C\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043D (1999). \u041E\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0438\u043B \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434 (\u0431\u0430\u043A\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0432\u0440 magna cum laude, 1985).\u0412 \u041A\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043B \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0438 \u043C\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u2014 \u043F\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0435 (\u0441\u043E\u043E\u0442\u0432. 1987 \u0438 1991), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043F\u0435\u043D\u044C \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 (1992). \u0412 1991\u20141996 \u0433\u0433. \u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0442-\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440, \u0432 1997\u20141998 \u0433\u0433. \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440 \u043A\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044B \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0427\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0433\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0421 1998 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439, \u0441 2001 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440 \u043A\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044B \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0421\u0442\u044D\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0432 2007\u20142010 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B \u0435\u044E."@ru . . . . . "James D. Fearon adalah Dosen Ilmu Politik Theodore dan Francis Geballe dari Amerika Serikat. Ia dikenal atas tulisan-tulisannya mengenai teori perang saudara, daya tawar internasional, , dan biaya audiensi. Ia mendapatkan gelar BA dari Universitas Harvard dan PhD dari Universitas California, Berkeley. Tulisan Fearon mengenai perang menekankan bahwa ilmuwan perlu menjelaskan mengapa negara rasional malah terlibat dalam perang alih-alih memanfaatkan daya tawarnya, padahal daya tawar dapat membuat kedua pihak menyelesaikan pertentangannya dengan damai. Ia juga menjelaskan mengapa negara-negara demokratis lebih mampu menyatakan keinginannya dalam perang berkat biaya audiensi dalam negeri. Fearon juga memberi sumbangsih pada studi demokrasi deliberatif. Fearon memaparkan tiga asumsi dasar mengenai perang. Pertama, perang adalah pilihan yang lebih boros daripada perdamaian. Kedua, perang dapat dipastikan tak dapat dipastikan (predictably unpredictable). Dengan kata lain, walaupun tidak ada pihak yang tahu siapa yang akan menang, mereka sama-sama yakin bahwa masing-masing pihak akan menang. Ketiga, tidak ada manfaat langsung yang dapat diambil dari perang. Fearon menyebut teorinya sebagai . Ilmuwan konstruktivis menjuluki Fearon \"tokoh rasionalis berpengaruh\" dalam teori hubungan internasional dan mengakuinya (bersama konstruktivis Alexander Wendt) sebagai tokoh yang mengakhiri rasionalis versus konstruktivis. Sejak 2011, Fearon merupakan anggota dewan ."@in . . . . . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0441 \u0424\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043D (James D. Fearon) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043F\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043B\u0438\u044E, \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0438 \u044D\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0442\u0430\u043C.\u0427\u043B\u0435\u043D \u041D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u041D \u0421\u0428\u0410 (2012) \u0438 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u043A\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A (2002).\u0414\u043E\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438, \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440 (Theodore and Frances Geballe Professor) (\u0441 2004), \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0435\u043B\u043B\u043E FSI \u0421\u0442\u044D\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0430 (2012), \u0432 2008\u20142010 \u0433\u0433. \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B \u043A\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0441 2004 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u0444\u0435\u043B\u043B\u043E .\u041E\u0442\u043C\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043D (1999)."@ru . . . . . . "\u0424\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043D, \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0441"@ru . . . . . . . . . . . "James D. Fearon (born c. 1963) is the Theodore and Francis Geballe Professor of Political Science at Stanford University; he is known for his work on the theory of civil wars, international bargaining, war's inefficiency puzzle, audience costs, and ethnic constructivism. According to a 2011 survey of International Relations scholars, Fearon is among the most influential International Relations scholars of the last twenty years. His 1995 article \"Rationalist Explanations for War\" is the most assigned journal article in International Relations graduate training at U.S. universities."@en . . . . . . "James D. Fearon adalah Dosen Ilmu Politik Theodore dan Francis Geballe dari Amerika Serikat. Ia dikenal atas tulisan-tulisannya mengenai teori perang saudara, daya tawar internasional, , dan biaya audiensi. Ia mendapatkan gelar BA dari Universitas Harvard dan PhD dari Universitas California, Berkeley. Ilmuwan konstruktivis menjuluki Fearon \"tokoh rasionalis berpengaruh\" dalam teori hubungan internasional dan mengakuinya (bersama konstruktivis Alexander Wendt) sebagai tokoh yang mengakhiri rasionalis versus konstruktivis. Sejak 2011, Fearon merupakan anggota dewan ."@in . "James D. Fearon, n\u00E9 en 1963, est le Professeur Theodore et Francis Geballe de sciences politiques \u00E0 l'universit\u00E9 Stanford. Selon une enqu\u00EAte men\u00E9e en 2011 aupr\u00E8s de chercheurs en relations internationales, Fearon fait partie des universitaires en relations internationales les plus influents des vingt derni\u00E8res ann\u00E9es. Son article \"Rationalist Explanations for War\" paru en 1995 est l'article universitaire le plus \u00E9tudi\u00E9 par les \u00E9tudiants en relations internationales dans les universit\u00E9s am\u00E9ricaines. Il est connu pour ses travaux sur la th\u00E9orie des guerres civiles, la n\u00E9gociation internationale, le mod\u00E8le de n\u00E9gociation de la guerre, les co\u00FBts d'audience et l'approche constructiviste de l'ethnicit\u00E9."@fr . . . . . "8891585"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "James Fearon"@en . . . "James D. Fearon (born c. 1963) is the Theodore and Francis Geballe Professor of Political Science at Stanford University; he is known for his work on the theory of civil wars, international bargaining, war's inefficiency puzzle, audience costs, and ethnic constructivism. According to a 2011 survey of International Relations scholars, Fearon is among the most influential International Relations scholars of the last twenty years. His 1995 article \"Rationalist Explanations for War\" is the most assigned journal article in International Relations graduate training at U.S. universities."@en . . . "James Fearon"@fr . . . "James D. Fearon, n\u00E9 en 1963, est le Professeur Theodore et Francis Geballe de sciences politiques \u00E0 l'universit\u00E9 Stanford. Selon une enqu\u00EAte men\u00E9e en 2011 aupr\u00E8s de chercheurs en relations internationales, Fearon fait partie des universitaires en relations internationales les plus influents des vingt derni\u00E8res ann\u00E9es. Son article \"Rationalist Explanations for War\" paru en 1995 est l'article universitaire le plus \u00E9tudi\u00E9 par les \u00E9tudiants en relations internationales dans les universit\u00E9s am\u00E9ricaines."@fr . . "1116989238"^^ . . . . . . . . . . .