. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"265708"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Diese Liste deutscher Gerichte dient der Aufnahme s\u00E4mtlicher gegenw\u00E4rtiger staatlicher Gerichte in Deutschland (Bundesgerichte und Landesgerichte) in s\u00E4mtlichen Gerichtsbarkeiten (Fachgerichtsbarkeiten und Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeiten). In Deutschland gibt es 1086 Gerichte (ohne Dienst- und Berufsgerichtsbarkeit), wovon die gro\u00DFe Mehrheit (638) Amtsgerichte sind. Diese Liste ist gegliedert nach den Kriterien \n* Gerichtsbarkeit \n* Gerichtstr\u00E4ger (Bundesgericht oder Landesgericht) \n* Rang im Instanzenzug (Revisionsgericht, Berufungsgericht, Eingangsinstanz) \n* Alphabet."@de . . . "1097669646"^^ . . . . "A independ\u00EAncia e as responsabilidades alargadas do poder judici\u00E1rio da Alemanha refletem a import\u00E2ncia do Estado de Direito no sistema do governo alem\u00E3o. Um conceito fundamental \u00E9 o do Rechtsstaat, um governo baseado na lei, no qual os cidad\u00E3os t\u00EAm a garantia de igualdade e em que as decis\u00F5es do governo podem ser contestadas em um tribunal. A lei federal delineia a estrutura do poder judici\u00E1rio, mas a administra\u00E7\u00E3o da maioria dos tribunais \u00E9 regulada pela Lei de Terras. Os L\u00E4nder (ver Estados da Alemanha) s\u00E3o respons\u00E1veis pelos n\u00EDveis mais baixos do sistema judicial, os mais altos tribunais de recurso s\u00F3 operam no n\u00EDvel federal. Esta divis\u00E3o do territ\u00F3rio federal do trabalho permite que a federa\u00E7\u00E3o para garantir que as leis sejam aplicadas igualmente em todo o pa\u00EDs, enquanto o papel centr"@pt . . "\uB3C5\uC77C\uC758 \uC0AC\uBC95\uBD80(\uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Judikative in Deutschland, \uC601\uC5B4: Judiciary of Germany)\uB294 \uB3C5\uC77C\uC758 \uC5F0\uBC29\uC815\uBD80 \uBC0F \uC8FC\uC815\uBD80\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uBC95\uAD8C\uC744 \uD589\uC0AC\uD558\uB294 \uAE30\uAD00\uB4E4\uC758 \uCCB4\uACC4 \uB610\uB294 \uADF8 \uC9D1\uD569\uC744 \uC77C\uCEEB\uB294 \uB9D0\uC774\uB2E4. \uB3C5\uC77C \uC5F0\uBC29\uC815\uBD80\uC758 \uC0AC\uBC95\uBD80\uB294 \uCD5C\uC885\uC2EC\uC744 \uAD00\uD560\uD558\uB294 \uCD5C\uACE0\uBC95\uC6D0\uB4E4\uB85C \uAD6C\uC131\uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uACE0, \uC8FC\uC815\uBD80\uC758 \uC0AC\uBC95\uBD80\uB294 \uC8FC\uB85C \uAC01 \uCD5C\uACE0\uBC95\uC6D0\uB4E4\uC758 \uD558\uAE09\uC2EC\uC744 \uAD00\uD560\uD558\uB294 \uBC95\uC6D0\uC73C\uB85C \uAD6C\uC131\uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Wymiar sprawiedliwo\u015Bci w Niemczech \u2013 wed\u0142ug art. 92 Ustawy Zasadniczej Republiki Federalnej Niemiec z 23 maja 1949 w\u0142adz\u0119 wymiaru sprawiedliwo\u015Bci zawierza si\u0119 s\u0119dziom; sprawuj\u0105 j\u0105 Federalny Trybuna\u0142 Konstytucyjny, s\u0105dy federalne przewidziane w wy\u017Cej wymienionej ustawie oraz s\u0105dy kraj\u00F3w zwi\u0105zkowych. Judykatywa jest ustrojowo \u015Bci\u015Ble odseparowana od legislatywy oraz egzekutywy, co nie oznacza funkcjonowania wymiaru sprawiedliwo\u015Bci w izolacji od pozosta\u0142ych w\u0142adz. Punktami styczno\u015Bci s\u0105 np. stanowione przez w\u0142adz\u0119 ustawodawcz\u0105 prawo o ustroju s\u0105d\u00F3w powszechnych i post\u0119powaniu s\u0105dowym, wyb\u00F3r przez Bundestag i Bundesrat s\u0119dzi\u00F3w Federalnego Trybuna\u0142u Konstytucyjnego."@pl . . . . . . . "Diese Liste deutscher Gerichte dient der Aufnahme s\u00E4mtlicher gegenw\u00E4rtiger staatlicher Gerichte in Deutschland (Bundesgerichte und Landesgerichte) in s\u00E4mtlichen Gerichtsbarkeiten (Fachgerichtsbarkeiten und Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeiten). In Deutschland gibt es 1086 Gerichte (ohne Dienst- und Berufsgerichtsbarkeit), wovon die gro\u00DFe Mehrheit (638) Amtsgerichte sind. Diese Liste ist gegliedert nach den Kriterien \n* Gerichtsbarkeit \n* Gerichtstr\u00E4ger (Bundesgericht oder Landesgericht) \n* Rang im Instanzenzug (Revisionsgericht, Berufungsgericht, Eingangsinstanz) \n* Alphabet. Historische deutsche Gerichte sind in einer eigenen Liste verzeichnet."@de . . . "\u5FB7\u570B\u6CD5\u9662\u9AD4\u7CFB\uFF08deutscher Gerichte\uFF1Bjudiciary of Germany\uFF09\uFF0C\u53EF\u5206\u70BA\u5404\u5DDE\u6CD5\u9662\u7CFB\u7D71\u53CA\u806F\u90A6\u6CD5\u9662\u7CFB\u7D71\u5169\u500B\u5C64\u6B21\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4E3B\u7BA1\u7BC4\u570D\u53C8\u5206\u70BA\u61B2\u6CD5\u6CD5\u9662\u3001\u548C\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u884C\u653F\u6CD5\u9662\u3001\u52DE\u52D5\u6CD5\u9662\u3001\u793E\u6703\u6CD5\u9662\u3001\u8CA1\u653F\u6CD5\u9662\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u806F\u90A6\u5C08\u5229\u6CD5\u9662\uFF09\u3002\u70BA\u4E86\u7DAD\u8B77\u6CD5\u5236\u7684\u7D71\u4E00\uFF0C\u7576\u67D0\u500B\u6CD5\u9662\u7CFB\u7D71\u505A\u51FA\u7684\u5224\u6C7A\u53EF\u80FD\u8207\u5176\u4ED6\u6CD5\u9662\u7CFB\u7D71\u7684\u5224\u6C7A\u76F8\u885D\u7A81\u6642\uFF0C\u5C07\u53EC\u96C6\u806F\u90A6\u5404\u6700\u9AD8\u6CD5\u9662\u806F\u5E2D\u6703\u8B70\u505A\u51FA\u6C7A\u5B9A\u3002\u6240\u6709\u6CD5\u9662\u7684\u8A2D\u7F6E\u53CA\u8077\u80FD\u90FD\u7531\uFF08\u7C21\u7A31GVG\uFF09\u898F\u5B9A\u4E4B\u3002"@zh . . . . . "\u5FB7\u570B\u6CD5\u9662\u9AD4\u7CFB\uFF08deutscher Gerichte\uFF1Bjudiciary of Germany\uFF09\uFF0C\u53EF\u5206\u70BA\u5404\u5DDE\u6CD5\u9662\u7CFB\u7D71\u53CA\u806F\u90A6\u6CD5\u9662\u7CFB\u7D71\u5169\u500B\u5C64\u6B21\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4E3B\u7BA1\u7BC4\u570D\u53C8\u5206\u70BA\u61B2\u6CD5\u6CD5\u9662\u3001\u548C\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u884C\u653F\u6CD5\u9662\u3001\u52DE\u52D5\u6CD5\u9662\u3001\u793E\u6703\u6CD5\u9662\u3001\u8CA1\u653F\u6CD5\u9662\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u806F\u90A6\u5C08\u5229\u6CD5\u9662\uFF09\u3002\u70BA\u4E86\u7DAD\u8B77\u6CD5\u5236\u7684\u7D71\u4E00\uFF0C\u7576\u67D0\u500B\u6CD5\u9662\u7CFB\u7D71\u505A\u51FA\u7684\u5224\u6C7A\u53EF\u80FD\u8207\u5176\u4ED6\u6CD5\u9662\u7CFB\u7D71\u7684\u5224\u6C7A\u76F8\u885D\u7A81\u6642\uFF0C\u5C07\u53EC\u96C6\u806F\u90A6\u5404\u6700\u9AD8\u6CD5\u9662\u806F\u5E2D\u6703\u8B70\u505A\u51FA\u6C7A\u5B9A\u3002\u6240\u6709\u6CD5\u9662\u7684\u8A2D\u7F6E\u53CA\u8077\u80FD\u90FD\u7531\uFF08\u7C21\u7A31GVG\uFF09\u898F\u5B9A\u4E4B\u3002"@zh . . . . "Poder judici\u00E1rio da Alemanha"@pt . . "The judiciary of Germany is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Germany. The German legal system is a civil law mostly based on a comprehensive compendium of statutes, as compared to the common law systems. In criminal and administrative law, Germany uses an inquisitorial system where the judges are actively involved in investigating the facts of the case, as compared to an adversarial system where the role of the judge is primarily that of an impartial referee between the prosecutor or plaintiff and the defendant."@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Judiciary of Germany"@en . . "\uB3C5\uC77C\uC758 \uC0AC\uBC95\uBD80(\uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Judikative in Deutschland, \uC601\uC5B4: Judiciary of Germany)\uB294 \uB3C5\uC77C\uC758 \uC5F0\uBC29\uC815\uBD80 \uBC0F \uC8FC\uC815\uBD80\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uBC95\uAD8C\uC744 \uD589\uC0AC\uD558\uB294 \uAE30\uAD00\uB4E4\uC758 \uCCB4\uACC4 \uB610\uB294 \uADF8 \uC9D1\uD569\uC744 \uC77C\uCEEB\uB294 \uB9D0\uC774\uB2E4. \uB3C5\uC77C \uC5F0\uBC29\uC815\uBD80\uC758 \uC0AC\uBC95\uBD80\uB294 \uCD5C\uC885\uC2EC\uC744 \uAD00\uD560\uD558\uB294 \uCD5C\uACE0\uBC95\uC6D0\uB4E4\uB85C \uAD6C\uC131\uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uACE0, \uC8FC\uC815\uBD80\uC758 \uC0AC\uBC95\uBD80\uB294 \uC8FC\uB85C \uAC01 \uCD5C\uACE0\uBC95\uC6D0\uB4E4\uC758 \uD558\uAE09\uC2EC\uC744 \uAD00\uD560\uD558\uB294 \uBC95\uC6D0\uC73C\uB85C \uAD6C\uC131\uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uB2E4."@ko . . "A independ\u00EAncia e as responsabilidades alargadas do poder judici\u00E1rio da Alemanha refletem a import\u00E2ncia do Estado de Direito no sistema do governo alem\u00E3o. Um conceito fundamental \u00E9 o do Rechtsstaat, um governo baseado na lei, no qual os cidad\u00E3os t\u00EAm a garantia de igualdade e em que as decis\u00F5es do governo podem ser contestadas em um tribunal. A lei federal delineia a estrutura do poder judici\u00E1rio, mas a administra\u00E7\u00E3o da maioria dos tribunais \u00E9 regulada pela Lei de Terras. Os L\u00E4nder (ver Estados da Alemanha) s\u00E3o respons\u00E1veis pelos n\u00EDveis mais baixos do sistema judicial, os mais altos tribunais de recurso s\u00F3 operam no n\u00EDvel federal. Esta divis\u00E3o do territ\u00F3rio federal do trabalho permite que a federa\u00E7\u00E3o para garantir que as leis sejam aplicadas igualmente em todo o pa\u00EDs, enquanto o papel central dos Estados federados na gest\u00E3o dos tribunais a salvaguarda da independ\u00EAncia do sistema judicial por parte do governo federal. Princ\u00EDpios de direito romano de forma a base do sistema judicial alem\u00E3o e definir um sistema de justi\u00E7a que difere fundamentalmente do sistema de direito comum, em que os tribunais contam com antecedentes de casos anteriores. Na Alemanha, os tribunais olham para um sistema global de c\u00F3digos legais. Os c\u00F3digos de delinear um tanto abstrato princ\u00EDpios jur\u00EDdicos, e os ju\u00EDzes devem decidir casos espec\u00EDficos com base em tais normas. Dada a import\u00E2ncia do complexo dos c\u00F3digos legais, os ju\u00EDzes devem ser muito bem treinado. Na verdade, os ju\u00EDzes n\u00E3o s\u00E3o escolhidos a partir do campo de advogados. Em vez disso, eles seguem uma carreira distinta. No final de sua forma\u00E7\u00E3o jur\u00EDdica na universidade, todos os estudantes de direito devem passar por um exame do estado antes que eles possam continuar em um est\u00E1gio que proporciona-lhes uma forma\u00E7\u00E3o ampla na profiss\u00E3o de advogado durante dois anos. Eles, ent\u00E3o, deve passar por um segundo exame de Estado que os qualifica para exercer a advocacia. Nesse ponto, o indiv\u00EDduo pode optar por ser um advogado ou para entrar no sistema judicial. Candidatos judiciais come\u00E7am a trabalhar imediatamente em tribunais, mas eles s\u00E3o submetidos a um per\u00EDodo experimental de at\u00E9 cinco anos antes de ser nomeados ."@pt . . . "29923"^^ . "Wymiar sprawiedliwo\u015Bci w Niemczech \u2013 wed\u0142ug art. 92 Ustawy Zasadniczej Republiki Federalnej Niemiec z 23 maja 1949 w\u0142adz\u0119 wymiaru sprawiedliwo\u015Bci zawierza si\u0119 s\u0119dziom; sprawuj\u0105 j\u0105 Federalny Trybuna\u0142 Konstytucyjny, s\u0105dy federalne przewidziane w wy\u017Cej wymienionej ustawie oraz s\u0105dy kraj\u00F3w zwi\u0105zkowych. Judykatywa jest ustrojowo \u015Bci\u015Ble odseparowana od legislatywy oraz egzekutywy, co nie oznacza funkcjonowania wymiaru sprawiedliwo\u015Bci w izolacji od pozosta\u0142ych w\u0142adz. Punktami styczno\u015Bci s\u0105 np. stanowione przez w\u0142adz\u0119 ustawodawcz\u0105 prawo o ustroju s\u0105d\u00F3w powszechnych i post\u0119powaniu s\u0105dowym, wyb\u00F3r przez Bundestag i Bundesrat s\u0119dzi\u00F3w Federalnego Trybuna\u0142u Konstytucyjnego."@pl . . . "\uB3C5\uC77C\uC758 \uC0AC\uBC95\uBD80"@ko . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627"@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u5FB7\u570B\u6CD5\u9662\u9AD4\u7CFB"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The judiciary of Germany is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in Germany. The German legal system is a civil law mostly based on a comprehensive compendium of statutes, as compared to the common law systems. In criminal and administrative law, Germany uses an inquisitorial system where the judges are actively involved in investigating the facts of the case, as compared to an adversarial system where the role of the judge is primarily that of an impartial referee between the prosecutor or plaintiff and the defendant. In Germany, the independence of the judiciary is historically older than democracy. The organisation of courts is traditionally strong, and almost all federal and state actions are subject to judicial review. Judges follow a distinct career path. At the end of their legal education at university, all law students must pass a state examination before they can continue on to an apprenticeship that provides them with broad training in the legal profession over two years. They then must pass a second state examination that qualifies them to practice law. At that point, the individual can choose either to be a lawyer or to enter the judiciary. Judicial candidates start working at courts immediately. However, they are subjected to a probationary period of up to five years before being appointed as judges for life. The judicial system is established and governed by part IX of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany. Article 92 of the Basic Law establishes the courts, and that states that \"the judicial power shall be vested in the judges; it shall be exercised by the Federal Constitutional Court, by the federal courts provided for in this Basic Law, and by the courts of the L\u00E4nder.\""@en . "Liste deutscher Gerichte"@de . . . . . . "Wymiar sprawiedliwo\u015Bci w Niemczech"@pl . . . . 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