. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "While submarines were invented centuries ago, development of self-propelled torpedoes in the latter half of the 19th century dramatically increased the effectiveness of military submarines. Initial submarine scouting patrols against surface warships sank several cruisers in the first month of World War I. Incidental submarine encounters with merchant ships were handled by signalling ships to stop, then sinking them after evacuation of the crew, in accordance with international law. After unrestricted submarine warfare began in February 1915, any ship could unexpectedly sink rapidly from the heavy underwater hull damage inflicted by torpedoes. Many large ships sank without their crews being able to alert friendly forces in time, and the submarines which sank them were too small to rescue mo"@en . . . . . "Les torpilles automotrices ont consid\u00E9rablement augment\u00E9 l'efficacit\u00E9 des sous-marins. Les premi\u00E8res patrouilles effectu\u00E9es le premier mois de la Premi\u00E8re Guerre mondiale consistait \u00E0 couler seulement les navires de guerre de type croiseurs. Les mois suivant, les sous-marins signalaient \u00E0 l'\u00E9quipage de stopper le navire puis l'envoyaient par le fond en ayant \u00E9vacu\u00E9 l'\u00E9quipage, conform\u00E9ment au droit international. Apr\u00E8s la guerre sous-marine totale qui d\u00E9bute en f\u00E9vrier 1915, tout b\u00E2timent de la marine marchande peut \u00EAtre coul\u00E9 sans avertissement. Bon nombre de grands navires ont \u00E9t\u00E9 torpill\u00E9s par des forces alli\u00E9es inconnues, quelquefois par erreur, et les sous-marins qui les coulaient \u00E9taient trop petits pour secourir la totalit\u00E9 des survivants. Les naufrages meurtriers continu\u00E8rent penda"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "29885047"^^ . . "1116291819"^^ . "List of ships sunk by submarines by death toll"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "While submarines were invented centuries ago, development of self-propelled torpedoes in the latter half of the 19th century dramatically increased the effectiveness of military submarines. Initial submarine scouting patrols against surface warships sank several cruisers in the first month of World War I. Incidental submarine encounters with merchant ships were handled by signalling ships to stop, then sinking them after evacuation of the crew, in accordance with international law. After unrestricted submarine warfare began in February 1915, any ship could unexpectedly sink rapidly from the heavy underwater hull damage inflicted by torpedoes. Many large ships sank without their crews being able to alert friendly forces in time, and the submarines which sank them were too small to rescue more than a few survivors. Heavy personnel casualties continued through World War II, and there have been a few later sinkings."@en . . "55610"^^ . . . . . . . . . "Liste des navires coul\u00E9s par sous-marins par nombre de morts"@fr . . "Les torpilles automotrices ont consid\u00E9rablement augment\u00E9 l'efficacit\u00E9 des sous-marins. Les premi\u00E8res patrouilles effectu\u00E9es le premier mois de la Premi\u00E8re Guerre mondiale consistait \u00E0 couler seulement les navires de guerre de type croiseurs. Les mois suivant, les sous-marins signalaient \u00E0 l'\u00E9quipage de stopper le navire puis l'envoyaient par le fond en ayant \u00E9vacu\u00E9 l'\u00E9quipage, conform\u00E9ment au droit international. Apr\u00E8s la guerre sous-marine totale qui d\u00E9bute en f\u00E9vrier 1915, tout b\u00E2timent de la marine marchande peut \u00EAtre coul\u00E9 sans avertissement. Bon nombre de grands navires ont \u00E9t\u00E9 torpill\u00E9s par des forces alli\u00E9es inconnues, quelquefois par erreur, et les sous-marins qui les coulaient \u00E9taient trop petits pour secourir la totalit\u00E9 des survivants. Les naufrages meurtriers continu\u00E8rent pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il y eut \u00E9galement quelques naufrages ult\u00E9rieurs."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .