. "Luther Halsey Gulick, III, f\u00F6dd 17 januari 1892 i Osaka, d\u00F6d 10 januari 1993 i New York, var en amerikansk statsvetare. Luther Gulick tog examen vid Oberlin College 1914 och blev fil.dr. vid Columbia University. Han satt i styrelsen f\u00F6r New York Bureau of Municipal Research (sedermera Institute of Public Administration). Han undervisade p\u00E5 Columbia 1931-1942, men \u00E5terv\u00E4nde till Institute of Public Administration som dess direkt\u00F6r 1942-1961. P\u00E5 1930-talet fick Gulick tillsammans med L. Urwick i uppdrag av den amerikanska regeringen att sammanfatta kunskapen p\u00E5 administrationsomr\u00E5det. I samlingsverket Papers in the Science of Administration redovisade de artiklar av Henri Fayol, Elton Mayo och samt egna bidrag. N\u00E5gra av hans artiklar som \"Notes on the theory of administration\" (1937) och \"Science, Values and Public Administration\" (1937) betraktas idag som klassiker. En huvudpo\u00E4ng \u00E4r att arbetsdelning h\u00F6r till organisationens fundamenta. Koordinering \u00E4r ett n\u00F6dv\u00E4ndigt komplement. Att avg\u00F6ra hur arbetet skall uppdelas kr\u00E4ver specialkompetens, precis som planl\u00E4ggning och koordinering. Erfarenheten visar att auktoritetsdelning \u00E4r n\u00F6dv\u00E4ndig. Liksom Fayol \u00E4r Gulick best\u00E4md n\u00E4r det g\u00E4ller det absoluta kravet p\u00E5 enhetlig ledning. En vis person kan och skall bara vara underordnad en enda chef. Chefens arbete best\u00E5r i: \n* Planl\u00E4ggning (Planning) \n* Organisering (Organizing) \n* Rekrytering (Staffing) \n* Dirigering (Directing) \n* Koordinering (Coordinating) \n* Rapportering (Reporting) \n* Budgetering (Budgeting) Med en f\u00F6rkortning kallas det POSDCORB. Produktivitet (efficiency) \u00E4r enligt Gulick administrationens axiom. Medlet \u00E4r den strikta funktionsuppdelningen under samordnad och central ledning. Chefens uppgifter l\u00F6ses enligt honom genom \u00F6vertalning, mindre genom tv\u00E5ng och disciplin. Framtidens administration m\u00E5ste handla om ledning, mindre om auktoritet. Trycket p\u00E5 chefen m\u00E5ste minska f\u00F6r att han skall kunna \u00E4gna sig \u00E5t sin \u00F6vergripande uppgift: att utveckla eninghet, deltagande, lojalitet, entusiasm och kreativitet bland medarbetarna. Under andra v\u00E4rldskriget f\u00F6respr\u00E5kade han tillsammans med Alvin Hansen keynesiansk politik f\u00F6r att fr\u00E4mja full syssels\u00E4ttning bidrog till att John Maynard Keynes utvecklade efterkrigsplaner f\u00F6r en internationell ekonomi med stark betoning p\u00E5 frihandel. Under hans samtid gjorde man stor skillnad p\u00E5 politik och administration, medan Gulick h\u00E4vdade att dessa tv\u00E5 var om\u00F6ljiga att h\u00E5lla \u00E5tskilda."@sv . . "\uB8E8\uC11C \uD640\uC2DC \uADE4\uB9AD 3\uC138(\uC601\uC5B4: Luther Halsey Gulick III, 1892\uB144 1\uC6D4 17\uC77C ~ 1993\uB144 1\uC6D4 10\uC77C)\uB294 \uD589\uC815\uD559\uC758 \uC804\uBB38\uAC00\uC774\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \uC758\uC0AC\uC774\uC790 \uC758 \uC124\uB9BD\uC790\uC778 (1865\uB144 ~ 1918\uB144)\uC758 \uC544\uB4E4\uC774\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD558\uB2E4. \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 1914\uB144\uC5D0 \uB97C \uC878\uC5C5\uD588\uACE0 1920\uB144\uC5D0\uB294 \uCEEC\uB7FC\uBE44\uC544 \uB300\uD559\uAD50\uC5D0\uC11C Ph.D\uB97C \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. \uC774\uD6C4 \uADF8\uB294 \uC758 \uACBD\uC601\uC9C4\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 \uCEEC\uB7FC\uBE44\uC544 \uB300\uD559\uAD50\uC5D0\uC11C 1931\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1942\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uAD50\uC218\uC9C1\uC744 \uB9E1\uC558\uC73C\uBA70, \uC774\uD6C4 \uB274\uC695 \uD589\uC815\uD559 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC18C\uB85C \uB3CC\uC544\uC640\uC11C 1942\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1961\uB144\uC5D0 \uC740\uD1F4\uD560 \uB54C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC911\uC5ED\uC73C\uB85C \uADFC\uBB34\uD588\uB2E4. \uD589\uC815\uD559 \uBD84\uC57C\uC5D0 \uC788\uC5B4 \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 \uC744 \uCC3D\uC2DC\uD55C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC720\uBA85\uD558\uB2E4. POSDCORB\uC758 \uAC01 \uAE00\uC790\uB294 \uAC01\uAC01 \uAE30\uD68D(Planning), \uC870\uC9C1(Organizing). \uC778\uC0AC(Staffing), \uC9C0\uC2DC(Direction), \uC870\uC815(Co-ordinating), \uBCF4\uACE0(Reporting), \uC608\uC0B0(Budgeting)\uC744 \uAC00\uB9AC\uD0A8\uB2E4. \uB610\uD55C \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 \uC5B4\uC705(Lindall H. Urwick)\uACFC \uC800\uC220\uD55C Papers on the Science of Administration(1937)\uC5D0\uC11C \uD589\uC815\uC758 \uAC00\uCE58\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uB2A5\uB960\uC131\uC740 \uC81C1\uC758 \uACF5\uB9AC(number one axiom)\uB77C\uACE0 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uADF8\uAC00 \uD65C\uB3D9\uD558\uB358 \uC2DC\uAE30\uB294 \uC815\uCE58\uC640 \uD589\uC815\uC758 \uC601\uC5ED\uC744 \uBD84\uB9AC\uD558\uB824\uB294 \uC815\uCE58\uD589\uC815 \uC774\uC6D0\uB860\uC758 \uC870\uB958\uAC00 \uB113\uAC8C \uD615\uC131\uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uB358 \uC2DC\uB300\uC600\uB294\uB370, \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 \uB458 \uC0AC\uC774\uB97C \uAD6C\uBCC4\uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uC740 \uBD88\uAC00\uB2A5\uD558\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD588\uB2E4. \uB530\uB77C\uC11C \uADE4\uB9AD\uC774 \uACFC \uC911 \uC5B4\uB290 \uC785\uC7A5\uC744 \uCDE8\uD588\uB294\uC9C0\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uD655\uC2E4\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Luther Gulick"@sv . . . "\u30EB\u30FC\u30B5\u30FC\uFF65\u30CF\u30EB\u30B7\u30FC\uFF65\u30AE\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30C3\u30AF (Luther Halsey Gulick\u30011892\u5E741\u670817\u65E5 - 1993\u5E741\u670810\u65E5) \u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u306E\u884C\u653F\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u6240\u8B02\u6B63\u7D71\u6D3E\u884C\u653F\u5B66\u8005\u306E\u7B2C\u4E00\u4EBA\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u7D44\u7E54\u7BA1\u7406\u306E\u624B\u6CD5\u3092\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5B9A\u5F0F\u5316\u3057\u305F\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3082\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Luther Gulick (social scientist)"@en . "1993"^^ . . . . . . "Luther Halsey Gulick, n\u00E9 le 17 janvier 1892, \u00E0 Osaka (Japon) et mort le 10 janvier 1993, \u00E0 Walden (Vermont, \u00C9tats-Unis), est un expert am\u00E9ricain en administration publique et en management. Il est le cr\u00E9ateur de l'acronyme POSDCORB parfois PODSCORB."@fr . . . . "\uB8E8\uC11C \uADE4\uB9AD (\uC0AC\uD68C\uACFC\uD559\uC790)"@ko . . "\u0644\u0648\u062B\u0631 \u063A\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0643 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Luther Gulick)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 17 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 1892 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 10 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 1993 \u0641\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062F\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629."@ar . . . . "Luther Gulick"@en . "1892-01-17"^^ . . . . . . . . "Luther Gulick (Politikwissenschaftler)"@de . . . "1993-01-10"^^ . "Luther Guilick"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30EB\u30FC\u30B5\u30FC\uFF65\u30CF\u30EB\u30B7\u30FC\uFF65\u30AE\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30C3\u30AF (Luther Halsey Gulick\u30011892\u5E741\u670817\u65E5 - 1993\u5E741\u670810\u65E5) \u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u306E\u884C\u653F\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u6240\u8B02\u6B63\u7D71\u6D3E\u884C\u653F\u5B66\u8005\u306E\u7B2C\u4E00\u4EBA\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u7D44\u7E54\u7BA1\u7406\u306E\u624B\u6CD5\u3092\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5B9A\u5F0F\u5316\u3057\u305F\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3082\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . "4661577"^^ . "Luther Halsey Gulick (1892\u20131993) was an American political scientist, Eaton Professor of Municipal Science and Administration at Columbia University, and Director of its Institute of Public Administration, known as an expert on public administration."@en . . . . . "In 1939 at Council of State Governments"@en . "Luther Halsey Gulick, III, f\u00F6dd 17 januari 1892 i Osaka, d\u00F6d 10 januari 1993 i New York, var en amerikansk statsvetare. Luther Gulick tog examen vid Oberlin College 1914 och blev fil.dr. vid Columbia University. Han satt i styrelsen f\u00F6r New York Bureau of Municipal Research (sedermera Institute of Public Administration). Han undervisade p\u00E5 Columbia 1931-1942, men \u00E5terv\u00E4nde till Institute of Public Administration som dess direkt\u00F6r 1942-1961. Under hans samtid gjorde man stor skillnad p\u00E5 politik och administration, medan Gulick h\u00E4vdade att dessa tv\u00E5 var om\u00F6ljiga att h\u00E5lla \u00E5tskilda."@sv . . . . "Luther Halsey Gulick"@en . . . "Luther Halsey Gulick (Osaka, 1892 urtarrilaren 17- Walden, Vermont, 1993ko urtarrilaren 10) kudeaketa aditu bat izan zen, bereziki administrazio publikoaren hobekuntzarako ekarpenak egin zituena. Lyndall Urwickekin batera, kudeaketa munduan ezaguna izan zen aldizkaria argitaratu zuen 1937 urteaz geroztik. Ospetsua da kudeaketaren printzipioak PODSCORB (Planning, Organizing, Directing, Staffing, Coordinating, Reporting and Budgeting) akronimoan biltzeagatik. Gerora, ordea, kudeaketa printzipio hauek bereziki erakundearen barnera begira daudela kritikatu da, inguruneak duen garrantzia behar bezala kontuan hartu gabe. \n* Datuak: Q764062 \n* Multimedia: Luther Gulick (social scientist)"@eu . . . . . . . . . "\u0644\u0648\u062B\u0631 \u063A\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0643 (\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629)"@ar . . . "Luther Gulick"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30EB\u30FC\u30B5\u30FC\u30FB\u30AE\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30C3\u30AF"@ja . "1993-01-10"^^ . . . . . . . . "Luther Halsey Gulick"@en . "Luther Gulick (* 17. Januar 1892 in Osaka; \u2020 10. Januar 1993 in Walden, Vermont) war ein US-amerikanischer Politikwissenschaftler, der 1951/52 als Pr\u00E4sident der American Political Science Association (APSA) amtierte. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt war er Pr\u00E4sident des National Institute of Public Administration. Diese Funktion hatte er von 1921 bis zu seiner Pensionierung 1969. Gulick war zwei Mal verheiratet. Seine erste Frau starb 1969, seine zweite 1989. Er war Vater zweier S\u00F6hne."@de . "Luther Halsey Gulick (Osaka, Jap\u00E3o, 1892\u2013 Walden, Vermont, 1993) foi um cientista pol\u00EDtico norte-americano, professor Eaton de Ci\u00EAncia e Administra\u00E7\u00E3o Municipal na Universidade de Columbia e diretor de seu Instituto de Administra\u00E7\u00E3o P\u00FAblica, conhecido como especialista em administra\u00E7\u00E3o p\u00FAblica."@pt . . "1892"^^ . . "1112004020"^^ . . "\uB8E8\uC11C \uD640\uC2DC \uADE4\uB9AD 3\uC138(\uC601\uC5B4: Luther Halsey Gulick III, 1892\uB144 1\uC6D4 17\uC77C ~ 1993\uB144 1\uC6D4 10\uC77C)\uB294 \uD589\uC815\uD559\uC758 \uC804\uBB38\uAC00\uC774\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \uC758\uC0AC\uC774\uC790 \uC758 \uC124\uB9BD\uC790\uC778 (1865\uB144 ~ 1918\uB144)\uC758 \uC544\uB4E4\uC774\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD558\uB2E4. \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 1914\uB144\uC5D0 \uB97C \uC878\uC5C5\uD588\uACE0 1920\uB144\uC5D0\uB294 \uCEEC\uB7FC\uBE44\uC544 \uB300\uD559\uAD50\uC5D0\uC11C Ph.D\uB97C \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. \uC774\uD6C4 \uADF8\uB294 \uC758 \uACBD\uC601\uC9C4\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 \uCEEC\uB7FC\uBE44\uC544 \uB300\uD559\uAD50\uC5D0\uC11C 1931\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1942\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uAD50\uC218\uC9C1\uC744 \uB9E1\uC558\uC73C\uBA70, \uC774\uD6C4 \uB274\uC695 \uD589\uC815\uD559 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC18C\uB85C \uB3CC\uC544\uC640\uC11C 1942\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1961\uB144\uC5D0 \uC740\uD1F4\uD560 \uB54C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC911\uC5ED\uC73C\uB85C \uADFC\uBB34\uD588\uB2E4. \uD589\uC815\uD559 \uBD84\uC57C\uC5D0 \uC788\uC5B4 \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 \uC744 \uCC3D\uC2DC\uD55C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC720\uBA85\uD558\uB2E4. POSDCORB\uC758 \uAC01 \uAE00\uC790\uB294 \uAC01\uAC01 \uAE30\uD68D(Planning), \uC870\uC9C1(Organizing). \uC778\uC0AC(Staffing), \uC9C0\uC2DC(Direction), \uC870\uC815(Co-ordinating), \uBCF4\uACE0(Reporting), \uC608\uC0B0(Budgeting)\uC744 \uAC00\uB9AC\uD0A8\uB2E4. \uB610\uD55C \uADE4\uB9AD\uC740 \uC5B4\uC705(Lindall H. Urwick)\uACFC \uC800\uC220\uD55C Papers on the Science of Administration(1937)\uC5D0\uC11C \uD589\uC815\uC758 \uAC00\uCE58\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uB2A5\uB960\uC131\uC740 \uC81C1\uC758 \uACF5\uB9AC(number one axiom)\uB77C\uACE0 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD558\uC600\uB2E4."@ko . . "Luther Gulick (* 17. Januar 1892 in Osaka; \u2020 10. Januar 1993 in Walden, Vermont) war ein US-amerikanischer Politikwissenschaftler, der 1951/52 als Pr\u00E4sident der American Political Science Association (APSA) amtierte. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt war er Pr\u00E4sident des National Institute of Public Administration. Diese Funktion hatte er von 1921 bis zu seiner Pensionierung 1969. Gulick, der in Japan als Sohn eines Missionars geboren worden war, machte 1914 seinen Abschluss am Oberlin College und wurde 1921 an der Columbia University zum Ph.D. (Politikwissenschaft) promoviert. Von 1921 bis 1932 war er dann dort Hochschullehrer. W\u00E4hrend seines gesamten Berufslebens, bis \u00FCber die Pensionierung hinaus, bet\u00E4tigte sich Gulick im In- und Ausland als Politikberater. Auf Gulick geht die POSDCoRB-Klassifikation zur\u00FCck. Gulick war zwei Mal verheiratet. Seine erste Frau starb 1969, seine zweite 1989. Er war Vater zweier S\u00F6hne."@de . . "Luther Gulick (kudeaketa aditua)"@eu . "Luther Halsey Gulick (Osaka, 1892 urtarrilaren 17- Walden, Vermont, 1993ko urtarrilaren 10) kudeaketa aditu bat izan zen, bereziki administrazio publikoaren hobekuntzarako ekarpenak egin zituena. Lyndall Urwickekin batera, kudeaketa munduan ezaguna izan zen aldizkaria argitaratu zuen 1937 urteaz geroztik. Ospetsua da kudeaketaren printzipioak PODSCORB (Planning, Organizing, Directing, Staffing, Coordinating, Reporting and Budgeting) akronimoan biltzeagatik. Gerora, ordea, kudeaketa printzipio hauek bereziki erakundearen barnera begira daudela kritikatu da, inguruneak duen garrantzia behar bezala kontuan hartu gabe."@eu . . "Luther Halsey Gulick, n\u00E9 le 17 janvier 1892, \u00E0 Osaka (Japon) et mort le 10 janvier 1993, \u00E0 Walden (Vermont, \u00C9tats-Unis), est un expert am\u00E9ricain en administration publique et en management. Il est le cr\u00E9ateur de l'acronyme POSDCORB parfois PODSCORB."@fr . . . . . "6960"^^ . . . "1892-01-17"^^ . . . . . . "Luther Halsey Gulick (Osaka, Jap\u00E3o, 1892\u2013 Walden, Vermont, 1993) foi um cientista pol\u00EDtico norte-americano, professor Eaton de Ci\u00EAncia e Administra\u00E7\u00E3o Municipal na Universidade de Columbia e diretor de seu Instituto de Administra\u00E7\u00E3o P\u00FAblica, conhecido como especialista em administra\u00E7\u00E3o p\u00FAblica."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . "Luther Halsey Gulick (1892\u20131993) was an American political scientist, Eaton Professor of Municipal Science and Administration at Columbia University, and Director of its Institute of Public Administration, known as an expert on public administration."@en . . . . . . "\u0644\u0648\u062B\u0631 \u063A\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0643 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Luther Gulick)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 17 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 1892 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 10 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 1993 \u0641\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062F\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629."@ar . "Luther Gulick"@en . . . . . "Oberlin College and Columbia University"@en .