. . . . "\u041C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441"@uk . . . . "L'hyst\u00E9r\u00E9sis magn\u00E9tique d\u00E9signe le ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne d'hyst\u00E9r\u00E9sis observ\u00E9 lors de l'aimantation d'un mat\u00E9riau. Ainsi, lorsqu'un champ magn\u00E9tique externe est appliqu\u00E9 \u00E0 un mat\u00E9riau ferromagn\u00E9tique tel le fer, les dip\u00F4les \u00E9lectriques atomiques s'alignent en fonction de ce dernier. Lorsque le champ est retir\u00E9, une partie de l'alignement demeure au sein du mat\u00E9riau. Ce dernier a \u00E9t\u00E9 aimant\u00E9. La relation entre la force du champ (H) et l'aimantation (M) n'est pas lin\u00E9aire. Ainsi, si le mat\u00E9riau est d\u00E9magn\u00E9tis\u00E9 (H = M = 0), alors la courbe d'aimantation initiale augmente rapidement au d\u00E9but, puis devient asymptotique en atteignant le point de (en). Si, par la suite, le champ magn\u00E9tique est r\u00E9duit de mani\u00E8re monotone, alors M suit une courbe diff\u00E9rente, d'o\u00F9 le ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne d'hyst\u00E9r\u00E9sis. Lorsque le champ devient nul, l'aimantation est d\u00E9cal\u00E9e de l'origine d'une valeur \u00E9gale \u00E0 la r\u00E9manence. Les cycles d'hyst\u00E9r\u00E9sis ne sont pas limit\u00E9s aux mat\u00E9riaux ferromagn\u00E9tiques. Ainsi, d'autres mat\u00E9riaux tels les verres de spin pr\u00E9sentent des caract\u00E9ristiques similaires."@fr . . . "10701"^^ . . . . . . . "1092291610"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "Histir\u00E9is mhaighn\u00E9adach"@ga . . "In \u00E1bhair fhear\u00F3maighn\u00E9adacha, cos\u00FAil le hiarann, sple\u00E1chas an fhloscdhl\u00FAis mhaighn\u00E9adaigh ar an d\u00E9ine mhaighn\u00E9adach agus a mhaighn\u00E9ad\u00FA roimhe sin. Is modh suntasach cailli\u00FAint fuinnimh \u00ED i m\u00F3tair is trasfhoirmeoir\u00ED."@ga . . . . . "\u039C\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AD\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B6\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03C3\u03C9\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B7 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C1\u03C4\u03AC\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03CC\u03C7\u03B9 \u03BC\u03CC\u03BD\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u0384\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C0\u03B5\u03B4\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD. \u0393\u03B5\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B2\u03BF\u03BB\u03AE \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03AE\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B2\u03BF\u03BB\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03BA\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C0\u03B5\u03B4\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5. \n* \u0397 \u039C\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AD\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BB\u03AD\u03B3\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03AE\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7."@el . "Magnetic hysteresis"@en . . . . . . "L'hyst\u00E9r\u00E9sis magn\u00E9tique d\u00E9signe le ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne d'hyst\u00E9r\u00E9sis observ\u00E9 lors de l'aimantation d'un mat\u00E9riau. Ainsi, lorsqu'un champ magn\u00E9tique externe est appliqu\u00E9 \u00E0 un mat\u00E9riau ferromagn\u00E9tique tel le fer, les dip\u00F4les \u00E9lectriques atomiques s'alignent en fonction de ce dernier. Lorsque le champ est retir\u00E9, une partie de l'alignement demeure au sein du mat\u00E9riau. Ce dernier a \u00E9t\u00E9 aimant\u00E9. Les cycles d'hyst\u00E9r\u00E9sis ne sont pas limit\u00E9s aux mat\u00E9riaux ferromagn\u00E9tiques. Ainsi, d'autres mat\u00E9riaux tels les verres de spin pr\u00E9sentent des caract\u00E9ristiques similaires."@fr . "\u78C1\u6EDE\u73B0\u8C61"@zh . . . . . . . . . . "\u041C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0301\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0437\u0438\u0441 \u2014 \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0446\u0456\u0457 (\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456) \u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043B\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0448\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F, \u0449\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0437\u043C\u0456\u043D\u044E\u0454 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C\u043E\u043A. \u041E\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0456\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0454 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0457\u0445\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F. \u041F\u0440\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C\u043A\u0443 \u0432\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u043B\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u043C\u0430\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0456 \u0443 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0443."@uk . . . "\u039C\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AD\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7"@el . . "\u78C1\u6EDE\u73B0\u8C61\u662F\u6307\u94C1\u78C1\u6027\uFF08\u4F8B\u5982\uFF1A\u9435\uFF09\u5728\u78C1\u5316\u548C\u53BB\u78C1\u8FC7\u7A0B\u4E2D\uFF0C\u94C1\u78C1\u8D28\u7684\u78C1\u5316\u5F3A\u5EA6\u4E0D\u4EC5\u4F9D\u8D56\u4E8E\u5916\u78C1\u573A\u5F3A\u5EA6\uFF0C\u8FD8\u4F9D\u8D56\u4E8E\u539F\u5148\u78C1\u5316\u5F3A\u5EA6\u7684\u73B0\u8C61\u3002\u5F53\u5916\u52A0\u78C1\u573A\u65BD\u52A0\u4E8E\u94C1\u78C1\u8D28\u65F6\uFF0C\u5176\u539F\u5B50\u7684\u5076\u6781\u5B50\u6309\u7167\u5916\u52A0\u573A\u81EA\u884C\u6392\u5217\u3002\u5373\u4F7F\u5F53\u5916\u52A0\u573A\u88AB\u64A4\u79BB\uFF0C\u90E8\u5206\u6392\u5217\u4ECD\u4FDD\u6301\uFF1A\u6B64\u65F6\uFF0C\u8BE5\u6750\u6599\u88AB\u78C1\u5316\u3002\u4E00\u65E6\u88AB\u78C1\u5316\u4E86\uFF0C\u5176\u78C1\u6027\u6703\u7E7C\u7E8C\u4FDD\u7559\u3002\u8981\u6D88\u78C1\u7684\u8A71\uFF0C\u53EA\u8981\u65BD\u52A0\u76F8\u53CD\u65B9\u5411\u7684\u78C1\u5834\u5C31\u53EF\u4EE5\u4E86\u3002\u9019\u4EA6\u662F\u786C\u789F\u7684\u8A18\u61B6\u904B\u4F5C\u539F\u7406\u3002 \u5728\u94C1\u78C1\u8D28\u4E2D\uFF0C\u78C1\u573A\u5F3A\u5EA6\uFF08H\uFF09\u548C\u78C1\u611F\u5E94\u5F3A\u5EA6\uFF08B\uFF09\u4E4B\u95F4\u7684\u5173\u7CFB\u662F\u975E\u7EBF\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679C\u5728\u589E\u5F3A\u573A\u5F3A\u6761\u4EF6\u4E0B\uFF0C\u6B64\u4E8C\u8005\u5173\u7CFB\u5C06\u5448\u66F2\u7EBF\u4E0A\u5347\u5230\u67D0\u70B9\uFF0C\u5230\u8FBE\u6B64\u70B9\u540E\uFF0C\u5373\u4F7F\u573A\u5F3AH\u7EE7\u7EED\u589E\u52A0\uFF0C\u78C1\u611F\u5E94\u5F3A\u5EA6B\u4E5F\u4E0D\u518D\u589E\u52A0\u3002\u8BE5\u60C5\u51B5\u88AB\u79F0\u4E3A\u78C1\u9971\u548C\uFF08magnetic saturation\uFF09\u3002 \u5982\u679C\u6B64\u65F6\u78C1\u573A\u7EBF\u6027\u964D\u4F4E\uFF0C\u8BE5\u7EBF\u6027\u5173\u7CFB\u5C06\u4EE5\u53E6\u4E00\u6761\u66F2\u7EBF\u8FD4\u56DE\u52300\u573A\u5F3A\u7684\u67D0\u70B9\uFF0C\u8BE5\u70B9\u7684B\u5C06\u88AB\u521D\u59CB\u66F2\u7EBF\u7684\u78C1\u611F\u5E94\u5F3A\u5EA6\u91CFBR\u53EB\u505A\u5269\u78C1\u611F\u5E94\u5F3A\u5EA6\u6216\u5269\u78C1\uFF08remnant flux density\uFF09 \u76F8\u62B5\u6D88\u3002 \u5982\u679C\u7ED8\u5236\u4EE5\u5916\u52A0\u78C1\u573A\u7684\u5168\u90E8\u5F3A\u5EA6\u7684\u4E8C\u8005\u5173\u7CFB\u56FE\uFF0C\u5C06\u4E3AS\u5F62\u7684\u56DE\u8DEF\u3002S\u7684\u4E2D\u95F4\u539A\u5EA6\u63CF\u8FF0\u4E86\u78C1\u6EDE\u91CF\uFF0C\u8BE5\u91CF\u4E0E\u6750\u6599\u7684\u77EB\u987D\u529B \u76F8\u5173\u3002 \u8BE5\u73B0\u8C61\u7684\u5B9E\u9645\u5F71\u54CD\u53EF\u4E3A\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\uFF0C\u5F53\u901A\u8FC7\u78C1\u82AF\u7684\u5916\u52A0\u7535\u6D41\u88AB\u64A4\u79BB\uFF0C\u7531\u4E8E\u6B8B\u7559\u78C1\u573A\u7EE7\u7EED\u5438\u5F15\uFF0C\u800C\u5F15\u8D77\u6EDE\u540E\u4ECE\u800C\u5EF6\u8FDF\u78C1\u80FD\u7684\u91CA\u653E\u3002 \u5BF9\u4E8E\u4E00\u79CD\u7279\u6B8A\u6750\u6599\uFF0C\u8BE5\u66F2\u7EBF\u4F1A\u5F71\u54CD\u4E00\u4E2A\u78C1\u8DEF\u7684\u8BBE\u8BA1\u3002 \u4E3A\u4E86\u6700\u5C0F\u5316\u8BE5\u5F71\u54CD\u548C\u51CF\u5C0F\u76F8\u5173\u7684\u80FD\u91CF\u635F\u5931\uFF0C\u4ECE\u800C\u91C7\u7528\u5177\u6709\u4F4E\u77EB\u987D\u529B\u548C\u4F4E\u8FDF\u6EDE\u635F\u5931\u7684\u94C1\u78C1\u6027\u7269\u8D28\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u5761\u83AB\u5408\u91D1\uFF08\uFF0C\u900F\u78C1\u5408\u91D1\uFF09\u3002"@zh . "\u039C\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AD\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B6\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03C3\u03C9\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B7 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C1\u03C4\u03AC\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03CC\u03C7\u03B9 \u03BC\u03CC\u03BD\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u0384\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C0\u03B5\u03B4\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD. \u0393\u03B5\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B2\u03BF\u03BB\u03AE \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03AE\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B2\u03BF\u03BB\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03BA\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C0\u03B5\u03B4\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5. \n* \u0397 \u039C\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AD\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BB\u03AD\u03B3\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03AE\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7."@el . . . . . . . . . "Magnetic hysteresis occurs when an external magnetic field is applied to a ferromagnet such as iron and the atomic dipoles align themselves with it. Even when the field is removed, part of the alignment will be retained: the material has become magnetized. Once magnetized, the magnet will stay magnetized indefinitely. To demagnetize it requires heat or a magnetic field in the opposite direction. This is the effect that provides the element of memory in a hard disk drive."@en . . "La hist\u00E8resi magn\u00E8tica es produeix quan s'aplica un camp magn\u00E8tic extern a un ferroimant com el ferro i els dipols at\u00F2mics s'alineen amb ell. Fins i tot quan s'elimina el camp, es conservar\u00E0 part de l'alineaci\u00F3: el material s'ha magnetitzat. Un cop magnetitzat, l'imant romandr\u00E0 magnetitzat indefinidament. Per desmagnetitzar-lo cal calor o un camp magn\u00E8tic en sentit contrari. Aquest \u00E9s l'efecte que proporciona l'element de mem\u00F2ria en una unitat de disc dur. La relaci\u00F3 entre la for\u00E7a de camp H i la magnetitzaci\u00F3 M no \u00E9s lineal en aquests materials. Si un imant es desmagnetitza (H = M = 0) i es dibuixa la relaci\u00F3 entre H i M per augmentar els nivells de for\u00E7a de camp, M segueix la corba de magnetitzaci\u00F3 inicial. Aquesta corba augmenta r\u00E0pidament al principi i despr\u00E9s s'acosta a una as\u00EDmptota anomenada saturaci\u00F3 magn\u00E8tica. Si ara el camp magn\u00E8tic es redueix mon\u00F2tonament, M segueix una corba diferent. A for\u00E7a de camp zero, la magnetitzaci\u00F3 es compensa des de l'origen per una quantitat anomenada reman\u00E8ncia. Si es representa la relaci\u00F3 H-M per a totes les intensitats del camp magn\u00E8tic aplicat, el resultat \u00E9s un bucle d'hist\u00E8resi anomenat bucle principal. L'amplada de la secci\u00F3 mitjana al llarg de l'eix H \u00E9s el doble de la coercivitat del material. Una mirada m\u00E9s propera a una corba de magnetitzaci\u00F3 generalment revela una s\u00E8rie de salts de magnetitzaci\u00F3 petits i aleatoris anomenats salts de Barkhausen . Aquest efecte es deu a defectes cristal\u00B7logr\u00E0fics com les . Els bucles d'hist\u00E8resi magn\u00E8tica no s\u00F3n exclusius dels materials amb ordre ferromagn\u00E8tic. Altres ordenacions magn\u00E8tiques, com ara l'ordenaci\u00F3 del vidre giratori, tamb\u00E9 presenten aquest fenomen. Els models emp\u00EDrics m\u00E9s coneguts en hist\u00E8resi s\u00F3n els models de i . El \u00E9s un model f\u00EDsic que explica la hist\u00E8resi en termes de resposta anisotr\u00F2pica (\"eixos f\u00E0cils\"/\"durs\" de cada gra cristal\u00B7l\u00ED). El model Ising pot ajudar a explicar aspectes qualitatius i termodin\u00E0mics de la hist\u00E8resi (com la transici\u00F3 de fase del punt de Curie al comportament paramagn\u00E8tic), encara que no s'utilitzen per descriure imants reals."@ca . . "Magnetic hysteresis occurs when an external magnetic field is applied to a ferromagnet such as iron and the atomic dipoles align themselves with it. Even when the field is removed, part of the alignment will be retained: the material has become magnetized. Once magnetized, the magnet will stay magnetized indefinitely. To demagnetize it requires heat or a magnetic field in the opposite direction. This is the effect that provides the element of memory in a hard disk drive. The relationship between field strength H and magnetization M is not linear in such materials. If a magnet is demagnetized (H = M = 0) and the relationship between H and M is plotted for increasing levels of field strength, M follows the initial magnetization curve. This curve increases rapidly at first and then approaches an asymptote called magnetic saturation. If the magnetic field is now reduced monotonically, M follows a different curve. At zero field strength, the magnetization is offset from the origin by an amount called the remanence. If the H-M relationship is plotted for all strengths of applied magnetic field the result is a hysteresis loop called the main loop. The width of the middle section along the H axis is twice the coercivity of the material. A closer look at a magnetization curve generally reveals a series of small, random jumps in magnetization called Barkhausen jumps. This effect is due to crystallographic defects such as dislocations. Magnetic hysteresis loops are not exclusive to materials with ferromagnetic ordering. Other magnetic orderings, such as spin glass ordering, also exhibit this phenomenon."@en . . . "Hyst\u00E9r\u00E9sis magn\u00E9tique"@fr . "Hist\u00E8resi magn\u00E8tica"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"In \u00E1bhair fhear\u00F3maighn\u00E9adacha, cos\u00FAil le hiarann, sple\u00E1chas an fhloscdhl\u00FAis mhaighn\u00E9adaigh ar an d\u00E9ine mhaighn\u00E9adach agus a mhaighn\u00E9ad\u00FA roimhe sin. Is modh suntasach cailli\u00FAint fuinnimh \u00ED i m\u00F3tair is trasfhoirmeoir\u00ED."@ga . . . "948580"^^ . 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