. . . . . . . . . "Cer\u00E1mica maya"@es . . . . . . "\u041A\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u044F \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438 \u0437 \u0433\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0438, \u0449\u043E \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043E\u0434\u0438 \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0457\u0445\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0457 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0456\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0417\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0422\u0435\u043E\u0442\u0456\u0443\u0430\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0443 \u0456 \u0442\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0456\u0432."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041A\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u0439\u044F"@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . "Maya ceramics are ceramics produced in the Pre-Columbian Maya culture of Mesoamerica. The vessels used different colors, sizes, and had varied purposes. Vessels for the elite could be painted with very detailed scenes, while utilitarian vessels were undecorated or much simpler. Elite pottery, usually in the form of straight-sided beakers called \"vases\", used for drinking, was placed in burials, giving a number of survivals in good condition. Individual examples include the Princeton Vase and the Fenton Vase."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "1117381733"^^ . . . . "La cer\u00E1mica maya fue la producida por la cultura maya precolombina de Mesoam\u00E9rica. Las vasijas utilizaban diferentes colores, tama\u00F1os y ten\u00EDan usos variados. Las piezas para la \u00E9lite pod\u00EDan estar pintadas con escenas muy detalladas, mientras que las vasijas utilitarias no estaban decoradas o eran mucho m\u00E1s simples. La cer\u00E1mica de la \u00E9lite, generalmente en forma de vasos de lados rectos llamados \u00ABvasos\u00BB, utilizados para beber, se colocaba en los enterramientos, lo que ha dado lugar a una serie de piezas supervivientes en buen estado. Algunos ejemplos son el vaso de Princeton y el vaso de Fenton."@es . . . . . "\u041A\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u0439\u044F \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0438\u044F \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u043B\u0438\u043D\u044B, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0439\u044F \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434\u044B \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043F\u0435\u043B\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0422\u0435\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0443\u0430\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0432."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La cer\u00E1mica maya fue la producida por la cultura maya precolombina de Mesoam\u00E9rica. Las vasijas utilizaban diferentes colores, tama\u00F1os y ten\u00EDan usos variados. Las piezas para la \u00E9lite pod\u00EDan estar pintadas con escenas muy detalladas, mientras que las vasijas utilitarias no estaban decoradas o eran mucho m\u00E1s simples. La cer\u00E1mica de la \u00E9lite, generalmente en forma de vasos de lados rectos llamados \u00ABvasos\u00BB, utilizados para beber, se colocaba en los enterramientos, lo que ha dado lugar a una serie de piezas supervivientes en buen estado. Algunos ejemplos son el vaso de Princeton y el vaso de Fenton. Utilizada para una gran cantidad de actividades cotidianas, como el almacenamiento de alimentos y bebidas, la cer\u00E1mica era tambi\u00E9n un lienzo de conmemoraci\u00F3n. Hab\u00EDa tres tipos principales de vasijas utilizados en la vida cotidiana: cuencos, platos y cilindros. A menudo eran monocromos, lo que significa que solamente se utilizaba un tipo de engobe mineral.\u200B La cer\u00E1mica policromada era m\u00E1s compleja por naturaleza y, por tanto, m\u00E1s utilizada por la \u00E9lite. La cer\u00E1mica policromada no solamente se utiliz\u00F3 como decoraci\u00F3n, sino tambi\u00E9n como una forma de moneda social: una muestra f\u00EDsica del estatus y de la aprobaci\u00F3n de los dem\u00E1s.\u200B Con el paso del tiempo, se a\u00F1adieron diversas caracter\u00EDsticas a la cer\u00E1mica para ir m\u00E1s all\u00E1 de las necesidades fundamentales de las vasijas; por ejemplo, se pusieron gr\u00E1nulos en los cuencos m\u00E1s grandes para que no \u00FAnicamente sirvieran como algo para contener la comida, sino que tambi\u00E9n se convirtieran en instrumentos utilizados en las fiestas.\u200B Se han encontrado pruebas arqueol\u00F3gicas que sugieren que la cer\u00E1mica se utilizaba con fines industriales. El descubrimiento de cilindros de cer\u00E1mica muy uniformes junto con herramientas utilizadas en la producci\u00F3n de sal indican que se estos cilindros se utilizaban para hervir agua de mar y as\u00ED conseguir sal.\u200B"@es . . . . . . . "Maya ceramics"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041A\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u044F"@uk . "Maya ceramics are ceramics produced in the Pre-Columbian Maya culture of Mesoamerica. The vessels used different colors, sizes, and had varied purposes. Vessels for the elite could be painted with very detailed scenes, while utilitarian vessels were undecorated or much simpler. Elite pottery, usually in the form of straight-sided beakers called \"vases\", used for drinking, was placed in burials, giving a number of survivals in good condition. Individual examples include the Princeton Vase and the Fenton Vase. Used for a plethora of daily activities, such as the storage of food and beverages, ceramics were also a canvas of commemoration. There were three main types of ceramics used in daily life: bowls, plates, and cylinders. They were often monochrome, meaning that only one type of mineral slip was used. Polychrome pottery was more complex in nature and therefore more commonly used by the elite. Not only was polychrome pottery used as decoration, it was also used as a form of social currency\u2014a physical display of status and others' approval. As time progressed, various features were added to ceramics to go beyond the fundamental needs of vessels; For example pellets were put in larger bowls to not only serve as something to hold food, but would also become instruments used in the same feasts. Archaeological evidence has been found that suggests ceramics were used for industrial purposes. The discovery of highly uniform ceramic cylinders along with tools used in the production of salt indicate that the ceramics were used to mass-produce salt from brine. Surveys of Maya ceramics a major part of the ongoing controversy over the degree of elite political control over aspects the subsistence economy, the extent of economic centralization, and how it reinforces power (a common debate in the archaeology of complex societies)."@en . . . . . . . . . . "\u041A\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u0439\u044F \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0438\u044F \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u043B\u0438\u043D\u044B, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0439\u044F \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434\u044B \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043F\u0435\u043B\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0422\u0435\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0443\u0430\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0432."@ru . "\u041A\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u044F \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438 \u0437 \u0433\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0438, \u0449\u043E \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043E\u0434\u0438 \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0457\u0445\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0457 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0456\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0417\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0422\u0435\u043E\u0442\u0456\u0443\u0430\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0443 \u0456 \u0442\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0456\u0432."@uk . . . "38659"^^ . . . "336700"^^ . . . .