. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1059589288"^^ . . . "Arte de las m\u00E1scaras populares mexicanas se refiere a la fabricaci\u00F3n y uso de las m\u00E1scaras para diversos bailes o ceremonias tradicionales en M\u00E9xico. La realizaci\u00F3n de estas m\u00E1scaras ya lleva algunos miles de a\u00F1os, de hecho ya eran utilizadas en los rituales durante la llegada de los espa\u00F1oles. Durante la \u00E9poca colonial los evangelistas trataron de usar las m\u00E1scaras como instrumento para ense\u00F1ar la religi\u00F3n cat\u00F3lica a los aztecas, pero las autoridades coloniales intentaron prohibir ambas pr\u00E1cticas, sin obtener \u00E9xito. Despu\u00E9s de la independencia, las m\u00E1scaras y danzas tradicionales han logrado un sincretismo, las m\u00E1scaras tradicionales han evolucionado en diferentes formas en la cultura popular, las cuales representan la historia mexicana, algunos ejemplos son la lucha libre. Muchas de las "@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . "M\u00E1scaras mexicanas"@es . . . . "L'art du masque mexicain se r\u00E9f\u00E8re \u00E0 la fabrication et \u00E0 l'utilisation de masques pour diverses danses et c\u00E9r\u00E9monies traditionnelles au Mexique. Les preuves de fabrication de masques dans le pays s'\u00E9tendent sur des milliers d'ann\u00E9es et constituent une partie bien \u00E9tablie de la vie rituelle au Mexique lorsque les Espagnols sont arriv\u00E9s. Au d\u00E9but de la p\u00E9riode coloniale, les \u00E9vang\u00E9listes profitent des coutumes autochtones de la danse et du masque pour enseigner la religion catholique, bien que les autorit\u00E9s coloniales tentent plus tard de les interdire sans succ\u00E8s. Apr\u00E8s l'ind\u00E9pendance, les traditions du masque et de la danse montrent un syncr\u00E9tisme et elles continuent \u00E0 \u00E9voluer pour prendre de nouvelles formes, illustrant l'histoire du Mexique et de nouvelles formes de culture populaire tel"@fr . . . . . "L'art de les m\u00E0scares populars mexicanes fa refer\u00E8ncia a la fabricaci\u00F3 i \u00FAs de m\u00E0scares per a alguns balls o cerim\u00F2nies tradicionals a M\u00E8xic. La realitzaci\u00F3 d'aquestes m\u00E0scares es remunta a alguns milers d'anys; de fet ja s'utilitzaven en rituals durant l'arribada dels invasors espanyols. En l'\u00E8poca colonial els evangelistes tractaren d'usar m\u00E0scares com a instrument per a ensenyar religi\u00F3 cat\u00F2lica als asteques, per\u00F2 les autoritats colonials intentaren prohibir aquesta pr\u00E0ctica, sense \u00E8xit. Despr\u00E9s de la independ\u00E8ncia, les m\u00E0scares i danses tradicionals han aconseguit un sincretisme: han evolucionat en diferents formes en la cultura popular, que representen la hist\u00F2ria mexicana. La majoria de m\u00E0scares s\u00F3n de fusta, algunes de cuir, cera, cartr\u00F3, paper maix\u00E9, etc. Les principals figures que es realitzen amb les m\u00E0scares tradicionals s\u00F3n europeus (espanyols, francesos, hisendats, etc.), afromexicans, ancians, animals i \u00E9ssers fant\u00E0stics o sobrenaturals, especialment dimonis."@ca . . "\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u9762\u5177\u6C11\u4FD7\uFF08\u82F1\u6587\uFF1AMexican mask-folk art\uFF09\uFF0C\u6307\u7684\u662F\u5B58\u5728\u4E8E\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u5730\u533A\u7684\u4E00\u79CD\u4F20\u7EDF\u9762\u5177\u6587\u5316\uFF0C\u5305\u62EC\u7528\u4E8E\u821E\u8E48\u548C\u5E86\u5178\u7684\u5404\u5F0F\u5404\u6837\u9762\u5177\u7684\u5236\u4F5C\u548C\u4F7F\u7528\u3002\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u7684\u9762\u5177\u5236\u4F5C\u5386\u53F2\u5EF6\u7EED\u4E86\u4E0A\u5343\u5E74\u3002\u5F53\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u6B96\u6C11\u8005\u62B5\u8FBE\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u540E\uFF0C\u9762\u5177\u5C31\u6210\u4E3A\u4E86\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u5404\u79CD\u4EEA\u5F0F\u4E2D\u4E0D\u53EF\u6216\u7F3A\u7684\u7269\u54C1\uFF0C\u5176\u53D1\u5C55\u4E5F\u51E0\u8FD1\u6210\u719F\u3002\u867D\u7136\u540E\u671F\u6B96\u6C11\u5F53\u5C40\u627C\u6740\u5F53\u5730\u6C11\u4FD7\u7684\u4F01\u56FE\u4EE5\u5931\u8D25\u544A\u7EC8\uFF0C\u4F46\u662F\u5728\u6B96\u6C11\u65E9\u671F\uFF0C\u6B96\u6C11\u5F53\u5C40\u7684\u4F20\u6559\u58EB\u5229\u7528\u5F53\u5730\u7684\u821E\u8E48\u548C\u9762\u5177\u6C11\u4FD7\u6765\u4F20\u64AD\u5929\u4E3B\u6559\u3002\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u72EC\u7ACB\u540E\uFF0C\u9762\u5177\u548C\u821E\u8E48\u5F00\u59CB\u5448\u73B0\u8D8B\u540C\u7684\u6001\u52BF\uFF0C\u4F20\u7EDF\u9762\u5177\u6587\u5316\u4E2D\u4E5F\u8BDE\u751F\u4E86\u8BB8\u591A\u65B0\u7684\u9762\u5177\u5F62\u5F0F\uFF0C\u8FD9\u4E9B\u65B0\u7684\u9762\u5177\u5F62\u5F0F\u63CF\u7ED8\u7740\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u7684\u5386\u53F2\uFF0C\u4E5F\u8868\u73B0\u51FA\u4E00\u4E9B\u65B0\u5174\u7684\u6D41\u884C\u6587\u5316\uFF0C\u5982\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u6454\u89D2\u3002\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u4F20\u7EDF\u9762\u5177\u5927\u591A\u90FD\u662F\u6728\u5934\u505A\u7684\uFF0C\u4E5F\u6709\u7528\u76AE\u9769\u3001\u8721\u3001\u7EB8\u677F\u3001\u7EB8\u6D46\u548C\u5176\u5B83\u6750\u6599\u505A\u7684\u3002\u5E38\u89C1\u7684\u9762\u5177\u56FE\u6848\u5305\u62EC\u6B27\u6D32\u4EBA\u7269\u8096\u50CF\uFF08\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u4EBA\u3001\u6CD5\u56FD\u4EBA\u3001\u5E84\u56ED\u4E3B\u4EBA\u7B49\uFF09\uFF0C\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u9ED1\u4EBA\uFF0C\u8001\u5987\u4EBA\u3001\u8001\u592B\u4EBA\u3001\u91CE\u517D\u548C\u8D85\u81EA\u7136\u73B0\u8C61\uFF08\u7279\u522B\u662F\u9B54\u9B3C\uFF09\u3002"@zh . "As m\u00E1scaras mexicanas s\u00E3o fabricadas e usadas para dan\u00E7as e cerim\u00F4nias tradicionais no M\u00E9xico. Evid\u00EAncias mostram que a fabrica\u00E7\u00E3o de m\u00E1scaras no pa\u00EDs se estende por milhares de anos, sendo uma pr\u00E1tica bem estabelecida da vida ritual no M\u00E9xico quando a coloniza\u00E7\u00E3o come\u00E7ou. No in\u00EDcio do per\u00EDodo colonial, os evangelistas usaram os costumes nativos de dan\u00E7a e m\u00E1scara para ensinar a f\u00E9 cat\u00F3lica, e mais tarde as autoridades coloniais tentaram proibir ambos, sem sucesso. Ap\u00F3s a independ\u00EAncia, essas tradi\u00E7\u00F5es foram sincretizadas e as m\u00E1scaras continuaram a mudar para novas formas, retratando a hist\u00F3ria do M\u00E9xico e novas formas de cultura popular, como lucha libre. A maioria das m\u00E1scaras tradicionais \u00E9 feita de madeira, outros materiais que podem ser usados s\u00E3o couro, cera, papel\u00E3o, papel mach\u00EA e "@pt . "31728348"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Mexican mask-folk art refers to the making and use of masks for various traditional dances and ceremony in Mexico. Evidence of mask making in the country extends for thousands of years and was a well-established part of ritual life in Mexico when the Spanish arrived. In the early colonial period, evangelists took advantage of native customs of dance and mask to teach the Catholic faith although later, colonial authorities tried to ban both unsuccessfully. After Independence, mask and dance traditions showed a syncretism and mask traditions have continued to evolve into new forms, depicting Mexico's history and newer forms of popular culture such as lucha libre. Most traditional masks are made of wood, with others made from leather, wax, cardboard, papier-m\u00E2ch\u00E9 and other materials. Common depictions in masks include Europeans (Spanish, French, hacienda owners, etc.), Afro-Mexicans, old men and women, animals, and the fantastic/supernatural, especially demons/the Devil."@en . . . . . . "\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u9762\u5177\u6C11\u4FD7\uFF08\u82F1\u6587\uFF1AMexican mask-folk art\uFF09\uFF0C\u6307\u7684\u662F\u5B58\u5728\u4E8E\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u5730\u533A\u7684\u4E00\u79CD\u4F20\u7EDF\u9762\u5177\u6587\u5316\uFF0C\u5305\u62EC\u7528\u4E8E\u821E\u8E48\u548C\u5E86\u5178\u7684\u5404\u5F0F\u5404\u6837\u9762\u5177\u7684\u5236\u4F5C\u548C\u4F7F\u7528\u3002\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u7684\u9762\u5177\u5236\u4F5C\u5386\u53F2\u5EF6\u7EED\u4E86\u4E0A\u5343\u5E74\u3002\u5F53\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u6B96\u6C11\u8005\u62B5\u8FBE\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u540E\uFF0C\u9762\u5177\u5C31\u6210\u4E3A\u4E86\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u5404\u79CD\u4EEA\u5F0F\u4E2D\u4E0D\u53EF\u6216\u7F3A\u7684\u7269\u54C1\uFF0C\u5176\u53D1\u5C55\u4E5F\u51E0\u8FD1\u6210\u719F\u3002\u867D\u7136\u540E\u671F\u6B96\u6C11\u5F53\u5C40\u627C\u6740\u5F53\u5730\u6C11\u4FD7\u7684\u4F01\u56FE\u4EE5\u5931\u8D25\u544A\u7EC8\uFF0C\u4F46\u662F\u5728\u6B96\u6C11\u65E9\u671F\uFF0C\u6B96\u6C11\u5F53\u5C40\u7684\u4F20\u6559\u58EB\u5229\u7528\u5F53\u5730\u7684\u821E\u8E48\u548C\u9762\u5177\u6C11\u4FD7\u6765\u4F20\u64AD\u5929\u4E3B\u6559\u3002\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u72EC\u7ACB\u540E\uFF0C\u9762\u5177\u548C\u821E\u8E48\u5F00\u59CB\u5448\u73B0\u8D8B\u540C\u7684\u6001\u52BF\uFF0C\u4F20\u7EDF\u9762\u5177\u6587\u5316\u4E2D\u4E5F\u8BDE\u751F\u4E86\u8BB8\u591A\u65B0\u7684\u9762\u5177\u5F62\u5F0F\uFF0C\u8FD9\u4E9B\u65B0\u7684\u9762\u5177\u5F62\u5F0F\u63CF\u7ED8\u7740\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u7684\u5386\u53F2\uFF0C\u4E5F\u8868\u73B0\u51FA\u4E00\u4E9B\u65B0\u5174\u7684\u6D41\u884C\u6587\u5316\uFF0C\u5982\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u6454\u89D2\u3002\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u4F20\u7EDF\u9762\u5177\u5927\u591A\u90FD\u662F\u6728\u5934\u505A\u7684\uFF0C\u4E5F\u6709\u7528\u76AE\u9769\u3001\u8721\u3001\u7EB8\u677F\u3001\u7EB8\u6D46\u548C\u5176\u5B83\u6750\u6599\u505A\u7684\u3002\u5E38\u89C1\u7684\u9762\u5177\u56FE\u6848\u5305\u62EC\u6B27\u6D32\u4EBA\u7269\u8096\u50CF\uFF08\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u4EBA\u3001\u6CD5\u56FD\u4EBA\u3001\u5E84\u56ED\u4E3B\u4EBA\u7B49\uFF09\uFF0C\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u9ED1\u4EBA\uFF0C\u8001\u5987\u4EBA\u3001\u8001\u592B\u4EBA\u3001\u91CE\u517D\u548C\u8D85\u81EA\u7136\u73B0\u8C61\uFF08\u7279\u522B\u662F\u9B54\u9B3C\uFF09\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u58A8\u897F\u54E5\u9762\u5177\u6C11\u4FD7"@zh . "36681"^^ . "Arte de las m\u00E1scaras populares mexicanas se refiere a la fabricaci\u00F3n y uso de las m\u00E1scaras para diversos bailes o ceremonias tradicionales en M\u00E9xico. La realizaci\u00F3n de estas m\u00E1scaras ya lleva algunos miles de a\u00F1os, de hecho ya eran utilizadas en los rituales durante la llegada de los espa\u00F1oles. Durante la \u00E9poca colonial los evangelistas trataron de usar las m\u00E1scaras como instrumento para ense\u00F1ar la religi\u00F3n cat\u00F3lica a los aztecas, pero las autoridades coloniales intentaron prohibir ambas pr\u00E1cticas, sin obtener \u00E9xito. Despu\u00E9s de la independencia, las m\u00E1scaras y danzas tradicionales han logrado un sincretismo, las m\u00E1scaras tradicionales han evolucionado en diferentes formas en la cultura popular, las cuales representan la historia mexicana, algunos ejemplos son la lucha libre. Muchas de las m\u00E1scaras son hechas de madera, algunas otras de cuero, cera, cart\u00F3n, papel mach\u00E9 y otros materiales. Las principales figuras que se realizan con las m\u00E1scaras tradicionales incluyen Europeos (espa\u00F1oles, franceses, hacendados, etc.), Afromexicanos, ancianos, animales y seres fant\u00E1sticos/ supernaturales, especialmente demonios y el diablo."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "M\u00E1scaras mexicanas"@pt . . . . . . . . . "As m\u00E1scaras mexicanas s\u00E3o fabricadas e usadas para dan\u00E7as e cerim\u00F4nias tradicionais no M\u00E9xico. Evid\u00EAncias mostram que a fabrica\u00E7\u00E3o de m\u00E1scaras no pa\u00EDs se estende por milhares de anos, sendo uma pr\u00E1tica bem estabelecida da vida ritual no M\u00E9xico quando a coloniza\u00E7\u00E3o come\u00E7ou. No in\u00EDcio do per\u00EDodo colonial, os evangelistas usaram os costumes nativos de dan\u00E7a e m\u00E1scara para ensinar a f\u00E9 cat\u00F3lica, e mais tarde as autoridades coloniais tentaram proibir ambos, sem sucesso. Ap\u00F3s a independ\u00EAncia, essas tradi\u00E7\u00F5es foram sincretizadas e as m\u00E1scaras continuaram a mudar para novas formas, retratando a hist\u00F3ria do M\u00E9xico e novas formas de cultura popular, como lucha libre. A maioria das m\u00E1scaras tradicionais \u00E9 feita de madeira, outros materiais que podem ser usados s\u00E3o couro, cera, papel\u00E3o, papel mach\u00EA e outros materiais. Representa\u00E7\u00F5es comuns incluem europeus (espanh\u00F3is, franceses, propriet\u00E1rios de fazendas, etc.), afro-mexicanos, velhos e mulheres, animais e o fant\u00E1stico/sobrenatural, especialmente dem\u00F4nios/o diabo."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Masques mexicains"@fr . . . . . . "M\u00E0scares mexicanes"@ca . . . . . "Mexican mask-folk art"@en . . . . . . . "Mexican mask-folk art refers to the making and use of masks for various traditional dances and ceremony in Mexico. Evidence of mask making in the country extends for thousands of years and was a well-established part of ritual life in Mexico when the Spanish arrived. In the early colonial period, evangelists took advantage of native customs of dance and mask to teach the Catholic faith although later, colonial authorities tried to ban both unsuccessfully. After Independence, mask and dance traditions showed a syncretism and mask traditions have continued to evolve into new forms, depicting Mexico's history and newer forms of popular culture such as lucha libre. Most traditional masks are made of wood, with others made from leather, wax, cardboard, papier-m\u00E2ch\u00E9 and other materials. Common "@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "L'art du masque mexicain se r\u00E9f\u00E8re \u00E0 la fabrication et \u00E0 l'utilisation de masques pour diverses danses et c\u00E9r\u00E9monies traditionnelles au Mexique. Les preuves de fabrication de masques dans le pays s'\u00E9tendent sur des milliers d'ann\u00E9es et constituent une partie bien \u00E9tablie de la vie rituelle au Mexique lorsque les Espagnols sont arriv\u00E9s. Au d\u00E9but de la p\u00E9riode coloniale, les \u00E9vang\u00E9listes profitent des coutumes autochtones de la danse et du masque pour enseigner la religion catholique, bien que les autorit\u00E9s coloniales tentent plus tard de les interdire sans succ\u00E8s. Apr\u00E8s l'ind\u00E9pendance, les traditions du masque et de la danse montrent un syncr\u00E9tisme et elles continuent \u00E0 \u00E9voluer pour prendre de nouvelles formes, illustrant l'histoire du Mexique et de nouvelles formes de culture populaire telles que la lucha libre. La plupart des masques traditionnels sont en bois, d'autres en cuir, en cire, en carton, en papier m\u00E2ch\u00E9 et en d'autres mat\u00E9riaux. Les repr\u00E9sentations communes dans les masques incluent des Europ\u00E9ens (Espagnols, Fran\u00E7ais, propri\u00E9taires d'hacienda, etc..), des afro-mexicains, des hommes et des femmes \u00E2g\u00E9s, des animaux et le fantastique et le surnaturel, en particulier les d\u00E9mons et le diable."@fr . "L'art de les m\u00E0scares populars mexicanes fa refer\u00E8ncia a la fabricaci\u00F3 i \u00FAs de m\u00E0scares per a alguns balls o cerim\u00F2nies tradicionals a M\u00E8xic. La realitzaci\u00F3 d'aquestes m\u00E0scares es remunta a alguns milers d'anys; de fet ja s'utilitzaven en rituals durant l'arribada dels invasors espanyols. En l'\u00E8poca colonial els evangelistes tractaren d'usar m\u00E0scares com a instrument per a ensenyar religi\u00F3 cat\u00F2lica als asteques, per\u00F2 les autoritats colonials intentaren prohibir aquesta pr\u00E0ctica, sense \u00E8xit. Despr\u00E9s de la independ\u00E8ncia, les m\u00E0scares i danses tradicionals han aconseguit un sincretisme: han evolucionat en diferents formes en la cultura popular, que representen la hist\u00F2ria mexicana. La majoria de m\u00E0scares s\u00F3n de fusta, algunes de cuir, cera, cartr\u00F3, paper maix\u00E9, etc. Les principals figures que"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . .