"Militaire incompetentie of onvermogen verwijst naar de incompetentie, het onvermogen of de mislukkingen van militaire organisaties, vanwege incompetente individuen of door de gebreken in de organisatiecultuur. Op zichzelf staande gevallen van individuele incompetentie kunnen in een militaire organisatie disproportionele gevolgen hebben. Strikt formele hi\u00EBrarchische bevelstructuren maken het mogelijk dat \u00E9\u00E9n beslissing het werk (en het lot) van duizenden kan bepalen, waarbij een organisatiecultuur die gericht is op het zonder tegenspraak opvolgen van bevelen er voor kan zorgen dat een verkeerde of slecht overgebrachte beslissing wordt uitgevoerd zonder aanpassing of tegenspraak. De meeste gevallen van militaire incompententie of onvermogen kunnen echter worden toegeschreven aan gebreken in de organisatiecultuur. De voornaamste oorzaken zijn waarschijnlijk een conservatieve en traditionele houding, waardoor innovatieve idee\u00EBn of nieuwe technologische toepassingen terzijde worden gelegd of niet uitgeprobeerd worden. Er bestaat een algemene neiging om te veronderstellen dat een probleem kan worden opgelost door een eerder mislukte oplossing \"beter\" toe te passen, bijvoorbeeld met meer manschappen, meer vuurkracht, of simpelweg met meer elan. Een formele bevelstructuur leidt vaak tot het ontmoedigen van de overdracht van bevoegdheden aan lagere commandanten, en kan de neiging tot micromanagement hoger in de organisatie versterken. Oorlogsvoering kent naar zijn aard een aantal elementen die deze effecten verergeren; de \"fog of war\" betekent dat de informatie over de tegenstander vaak beperkt of onnauwkeurig is, waardoor de militaire inlichtingendiensten gemakkelijk nieuwe informatie kunnen interpreteren in lijn met eerdere veronderstellingen, of om die te laten kloppen met hun eigen vooroordelen en verwachtingen. Tijdens gevechten neigt de communicatie ook te verslechteren, waarbij de stroom van informatie tussen commandanten en gevechtseenheden verstoord raakt, en het lastig wordt om tijdig te reageren op wijzigingen in de situatie terwijl die zich voordoen. Als operaties zijn afgerond slagen militaire organisaties er vaak onvoldoende in om op een effectieve manier te leren van hun ervaringen. Bij een overwinning lijkt het of willekeurig welke methode is toegepast, dat die goed was, hoe ineffici\u00EBnt die ook moge zijn geweest. Terwijl bij een verlies de neiging bestaat om een zondebok aan te wijzen en niet verder te kijken naar de verdere oorzaken van het tekortschieten."@nl . . "3909"^^ . 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"Militaire incompetentie"@nl . . . . "\u0639\u062F\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0629"@ar . . . . . . . . "44127"^^ . 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"Military incompetence"@en . . "Military incompetence refers to incompetencies and failures of military organisations, whether through incompetent individuals or through a flawed institutional culture. The effects of isolated cases of personal incompetence can be disproportionately significant in military organisations. Strict hierarchies of command provide the opportunity for a single decision to direct the work of thousands, whilst an institutional culture devoted to following orders without debate can help ensure that a bad or miscommunicated decision is implemented without being challenged or corrected. However, the most common cases of \"military incompetence\" can be attributable to a flawed organisational culture. Perhaps the most marked of these is a conservative and traditionalist attitude, where innovative ideas or new technology are discarded or left untested. A tendency to believe that a problem can be solved by applying an earlier (failed) solution \"better\", be that with more men, more firepower, or simply more zeal, is common. A strict hierarchical system often discourages the devolution of power to junior commanders, and can encourage micromanagement by senior officers. The nature of warfare provides several factors which exacerbate these effects; the fog of war means that information about the enemy forces is often limited or inaccurate, making it easy for the intelligence process to interpret the information to agree with existing assumptions, or to fit it to their own preconceptions and expectations. Communications tend to deteriorate in battlefield situations, with the flow of information between commanders and combat units being disrupted, making it difficult to react to changes in the situation as they develop. After operations have ceased, military organisations often fail to learn effectively from experience. In victory, whatever methods have been used\u2014no matter how inefficient\u2014appear to have been vindicated (see victory disease), whilst in defeat there is a tendency to select scapegoats and to avoid looking in detail at the broader reasons for failure."@en . . . . . . . "Militaire incompetentie of onvermogen verwijst naar de incompetentie, het onvermogen of de mislukkingen van militaire organisaties, vanwege incompetente individuen of door de gebreken in de organisatiecultuur."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1071790591"^^ . . . . . . "Military incompetence refers to incompetencies and failures of military organisations, whether through incompetent individuals or through a flawed institutional culture. The effects of isolated cases of personal incompetence can be disproportionately significant in military organisations. Strict hierarchies of command provide the opportunity for a single decision to direct the work of thousands, whilst an institutional culture devoted to following orders without debate can help ensure that a bad or miscommunicated decision is implemented without being challenged or corrected."@en .