"136"^^ . . . "140"^^ . . "143"^^ . . "Zaque and zipa"@en . . . "131"^^ . . . . . . . . "New Kingdom of Granada"@en . "Tisquesusa"@en . . . . . . . . . "T\u00FApac Amaru"@en . . . . . . . "Conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration muisca"@fr . . "TupacamaruI.JPG"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Topography Santander"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1538-08-06"^^ . . . . . "Map of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.png"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bandera_de_la_confeferacion_muisca.JPG"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "De naam Muiscaconfederatie wordt gegeven aan een los verband van verschillende leiders over de valleien van de hoogvlakte van Cundinamarca en Boyac\u00E1. Er was bij de Muisca geen sprake van een centraal bestuur of monarchie, de leiders van kleine gemeenschappen waren verenigd in zipazgos; terrein van de zipa, zacazgos; gebied geleid door de zaque, verscheidene caciques, de tundama in Duitama en de religieuze iraca in Suamox of Sugamuxi."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "zaque Quemuenchatocha"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "zaque Aquiminzaque"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "T\u00FApac Amaru"@en . . "Muisca Confederation"@en . . . . . . "December 1539"@en . . "~1450\u20131470"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "4"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Quemuenchatocha"@en . . . . . . . . . "50258153"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "Independent territories in red"@en . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Muisca Confederation"@en . . . . . . . . "Sagipa"@en . . . . . . . . "center"@en . . . "--04-20"^^ . . . . . . . . "Conquest of Hunza"@en . . . . . "1537-04-20"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "Zaque rule in yellow"@en . "Herrera Period"@en . "Aquiminzaque"@en . . . "September 1537"@en . . . . . "Foundation of Tunja"@en . . . . . . . . "TISQUESUSA1.jpg"@en . . . . . "The harsh expedition through the jungles of Magdalena, La Guajira, Cesar and Santander cost the lives of more than 80% of the troops and they hadn't found El Dorado..."@en . "Foundation of Bogot\u00E1"@en . . . . "on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense"@en . . . . . . "1122529636"^^ . "1539-08-06"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "Muisca Confederation"@en . . "Aquiminzaque"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration muisca a \u00E9t\u00E9 une unit\u00E9 politique constitu\u00E9e par les caciquats muiscas de Bacat\u00E1 et de Hunza ainsi que par les territoires sous l'autorit\u00E9 des caciques Iraca et Tundama dans les actuels d\u00E9partements de Boyac\u00E1 et Cundinamarca, au centre de la Colombie. Avant la colonisation espagnole en 1541, la conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration s'\u00E9tendait du fleuve Chicamocha au nord jusqu'au P\u00E1ramo de Sumapaz au sud et du fleuve Magdalena (actuel Tolima) jusqu'aux savanes des Llanos."@fr . "De naam Muiscaconfederatie wordt gegeven aan een los verband van verschillende leiders over de valleien van de hoogvlakte van Cundinamarca en Boyac\u00E1. Er was bij de Muisca geen sprake van een centraal bestuur of monarchie, de leiders van kleine gemeenschappen waren verenigd in zipazgos; terrein van de zipa, zacazgos; gebied geleid door de zaque, verscheidene caciques, de tundama in Duitama en de religieuze iraca in Suamox of Sugamuxi. De hi\u00EBrarchie van de samenleving werd geleid door de drie belangrijkste groepen; de caciques en hogere rangen (zipa en zaque), de priesters (xeques) en de krijgers 's. Vroege Spaanse bronnen die spreken van tributos; betalingen, van de ene aan de andere cacique zijn in de moderne tijd toegeschreven aan een verkeerde interpretatie van de taal en Spaans-historische voorkeuren. De handel was levendig binnen de Muiscaconfederatie, wat zich vertaalde in zeer regelmatige marktdagen die elke week plaatsvonden. Binnen de Muiscakalender was zo'n week vier dagen. Grotere festijnen met bijbehorende gespecialiseerde markten leidden tot de handel met verder gelegen inheemse volkeren die waardevolle producten als papegaaienveren, zeeschelpen, goud en de psychedelische middelen gebruikt door sjamanen: , coca en ayahuasca."@nl . . . . . . . . "1538-08-20"^^ . . . . . . . . "right"@en . . . "zipa Sagipa"@en . "Muiscaconfederatie"@nl . . . . "1470"^^ . "\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u8054\u76DF\uFF08\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u8A9E\uFF1AConfederaci\u00F3n muisca\uFF09\u662F\u54E5\u4F26\u6BD4\u4E9A\u539F\u4F4F\u6C11\u65CF\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u4EBA\u5728\u524D\u54E5\u4F26\u5E03\u65F6\u671F\u5EFA\u7ACB\u7684\u90E8\u843D\u8054\u76DF\uFF0C\u7531\u8428\u514B\uFF08zaque\uFF09\u3001\u897F\u5E15\uFF08zipa\uFF09\u3001\u4F0A\u62C9\u5361\uFF08iraca\uFF09\u548C\u901A\u8FBE\u9A6C\uFF08tundama\uFF09\u56DB\u4E2A\u738B\u671D\u7EC4\u6210\u3002\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u8054\u76DF\u7684\u9886\u571F\u9762\u79EF\u7EA6\u67092.5\u4E07\u5E73\u65B9\u516C\u91CC\uFF0C\u6DB5\u76D6\u4E86\u6606\u8FEA\u535A\u4E9A\u5361\u9AD8\u539F\u7684\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u5730\u533A\uFF0C\u4ECA\u65E5\u4E3A\u54E5\u4F26\u6BD4\u4E9A\u535A\u4E9A\u5361\u7701\u3001\u6606\u8FEA\u7EB3\u9A6C\u5361\u7701\u548C\u6851\u5766\u5FB7\u7701\u7684\u8F96\u5730\u3002 \u6839\u636E\u4E00\u4E9B\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u5B66\u5BB6\u7684\u7814\u7A76\uFF0C\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u8054\u76DF\u662F\u5357\u7F8E\u6D32\u7EC4\u7EC7\u6700\u4E3A\u5B8C\u5584\u7684\u90E8\u843D\u8054\u76DF\u3002"@zh . . . . . "zipa Michu\u00E1"@en . . "Death of Tundama"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "131177"^^ . . "1.0729584E9"^^ . . . . . . "1514"^^ . . . "Confederaci\u00F3n muisca"@es . . "Mapa del Territorio Muisca.svg"@en . . "- Cundinamarca"@en . . . . . . . "- Boyac\u00E1"@en . . . . "Tisquesusa"@en . . . . "1490"^^ . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . "Topography Cesar"@en . . "Execution of Aquiminzaque"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Muisca Confederation"@en . . . . . "Hunza and Bacat\u00E1"@en . . . . . "Destruction of the Sun Temple"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Pre-Columbian"@en . . . "Zipa rule in green"@en . . . . . . "- Santander"@en . . . "Tisquesusa"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "zipa Meicuchuca"@en . . . . . . . "T\u00FApac Amaru"@en . "zaque Saguamanchica"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "zaque Hunzah\u00FAa"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u8054\u76DF"@zh . . "1537"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1540"^^ . . . . . . "Muisca Confederation"@en . . . "Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta"@en . . . . . . . . "1537-08-20"^^ . . . . . . . . . "La Confederaci\u00F3n Muisca fue el tipo de organizaci\u00F3n pol\u00EDtico-administrativa que agrup\u00F3 a los muiscas en el territorio central de la actual Rep\u00FAblica de Colombia antes de la Conquista espa\u00F1ola. Las cuatro unidades pol\u00EDtico-territoriales confederadas fueron: el Zipazgo de Muyquyt\u00E1, el Zacazgo de Hunza, el territorio sagrado de Iraca y el territorio sagrado de Tundama, adem\u00E1s de un grupo de territorios aut\u00F3nomos.\u200B\u200B"@es . . . . . . "\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u8054\u76DF\uFF08\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u8A9E\uFF1AConfederaci\u00F3n muisca\uFF09\u662F\u54E5\u4F26\u6BD4\u4E9A\u539F\u4F4F\u6C11\u65CF\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u4EBA\u5728\u524D\u54E5\u4F26\u5E03\u65F6\u671F\u5EFA\u7ACB\u7684\u90E8\u843D\u8054\u76DF\uFF0C\u7531\u8428\u514B\uFF08zaque\uFF09\u3001\u897F\u5E15\uFF08zipa\uFF09\u3001\u4F0A\u62C9\u5361\uFF08iraca\uFF09\u548C\u901A\u8FBE\u9A6C\uFF08tundama\uFF09\u56DB\u4E2A\u738B\u671D\u7EC4\u6210\u3002\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u8054\u76DF\u7684\u9886\u571F\u9762\u79EF\u7EA6\u67092.5\u4E07\u5E73\u65B9\u516C\u91CC\uFF0C\u6DB5\u76D6\u4E86\u6606\u8FEA\u535A\u4E9A\u5361\u9AD8\u539F\u7684\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u5730\u533A\uFF0C\u4ECA\u65E5\u4E3A\u54E5\u4F26\u6BD4\u4E9A\u535A\u4E9A\u5361\u7701\u3001\u6606\u8FEA\u7EB3\u9A6C\u5361\u7701\u548C\u6851\u5766\u5FB7\u7701\u7684\u8F96\u5730\u3002 \u6839\u636E\u4E00\u4E9B\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u5B66\u5BB6\u7684\u7814\u7A76\uFF0C\u7A46\u4F0A\u65AF\u5361\u8054\u76DF\u662F\u5357\u7F8E\u6D32\u7EC4\u7EC7\u6700\u4E3A\u5B8C\u5584\u7684\u90E8\u843D\u8054\u76DF\u3002"@zh . "QUEMUENCHATOCHA.jpg"@en . . . . "\uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74 \uC5F0\uB9F9\uC740 \uCF5C\uB7FC\uBC84\uC2A4 \uC774\uC804 \uC2DC\uB300\uC5D0 \uC624\uB298\uB0A0 \uCF5C\uB86C\uBE44\uC544\uC758 \uC911\uBD80 \uC548\uB370\uC2A4 \uACE0\uC6D0\uC5D0 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uB358 \uB2E4\uC591\uD55C \uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74\uC778 \uD1B5\uCE58\uC790(\uC790\uCFE0\uC5D0\uC2A4, \uC9C0\uD30C\uC2A4, \uC774\uB77C\uCE74 \uBC0F \uD230\uB2E4\uB9C8)\uB4E4 \uAC04\uC758 \uB290\uC2A8\uD55C \uC5F0\uB9F9\uCCB4\uC774\uB2E4.\uC77C\uBD80 \uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74 \uD559\uC790\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74 \uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74 \uC5F0\uB9F9\uC740 \uB0A8\uC544\uBA54\uB9AC\uCE74\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uC798 \uC870\uC9C1\uB41C \uBD80\uC871 \uC5F0\uD569 \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC600\uB2E4. \uC870\uB974\uAC8C \uAC10\uBCF4\uC544 \uBA58\uB3C4\uC790\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uD604\uB300 \uC778\uB958\uD559\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uC5F0\uB9F9\uACFC \uADF8 \uC870\uC9C1\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC9C0\uC2DD\uC774 \uC624\uB298\uB0A0\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uACC4\uC2B9\uB420 \uC218 \uC788\uC5C8\uB358 \uC774\uC720\uAC00 \uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74\uAC00 \uC815\uBCF5\uB41C \uC774\uD6C4 1\uC138\uAE30 \uC774\uC0C1\uC774 \uC9C0\uB098 \uC774\uB4E4 \uC815\uCE58\uCCB4\uC81C\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uC57D\uAC04 \uB2E4\uB978 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uC640 \uBC30\uACBD\uC744 \uC9C0\uB2CC \uB2E4\uB978 \uC0AC\uB78C\uB4E4\uB07C\uB9AC\uC758 \uB290\uC2A8\uD55C \uC5F0\uD569\uC758 \uC544\uC774\uB514\uC5B4\uB97C \uC81C\uC548\uD558\uACE0 \uADF8\uAC83\uC744 \uAE30\uB85D\uD55C \uC2A4\uD398\uC778 \uC5F0\uB300\uAE30 \uC791\uAC00\uB4E4\uC758 \uBC18\uC601 \uB355\uBD84\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uBCF4\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Conquest of Funza"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Quemuenchatocha"@en . . "\uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74 \uC5F0\uB9F9\uC740 \uCF5C\uB7FC\uBC84\uC2A4 \uC774\uC804 \uC2DC\uB300\uC5D0 \uC624\uB298\uB0A0 \uCF5C\uB86C\uBE44\uC544\uC758 \uC911\uBD80 \uC548\uB370\uC2A4 \uACE0\uC6D0\uC5D0 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uB358 \uB2E4\uC591\uD55C \uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74\uC778 \uD1B5\uCE58\uC790(\uC790\uCFE0\uC5D0\uC2A4, \uC9C0\uD30C\uC2A4, \uC774\uB77C\uCE74 \uBC0F \uD230\uB2E4\uB9C8)\uB4E4 \uAC04\uC758 \uB290\uC2A8\uD55C \uC5F0\uB9F9\uCCB4\uC774\uB2E4.\uC77C\uBD80 \uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74 \uD559\uC790\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74 \uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74 \uC5F0\uB9F9\uC740 \uB0A8\uC544\uBA54\uB9AC\uCE74\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uC798 \uC870\uC9C1\uB41C \uBD80\uC871 \uC5F0\uD569 \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC600\uB2E4. \uC870\uB974\uAC8C \uAC10\uBCF4\uC544 \uBA58\uB3C4\uC790\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uD604\uB300 \uC778\uB958\uD559\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uC5F0\uB9F9\uACFC \uADF8 \uC870\uC9C1\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC9C0\uC2DD\uC774 \uC624\uB298\uB0A0\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uACC4\uC2B9\uB420 \uC218 \uC788\uC5C8\uB358 \uC774\uC720\uAC00 \uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74\uAC00 \uC815\uBCF5\uB41C \uC774\uD6C4 1\uC138\uAE30 \uC774\uC0C1\uC774 \uC9C0\uB098 \uC774\uB4E4 \uC815\uCE58\uCCB4\uC81C\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uC57D\uAC04 \uB2E4\uB978 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uC640 \uBC30\uACBD\uC744 \uC9C0\uB2CC \uB2E4\uB978 \uC0AC\uB78C\uB4E4\uB07C\uB9AC\uC758 \uB290\uC2A8\uD55C \uC5F0\uD569\uC758 \uC544\uC774\uB514\uC5B4\uB97C \uC81C\uC548\uD558\uACE0 \uADF8\uAC83\uC744 \uAE30\uB85D\uD55C \uC2A4\uD398\uC778 \uC5F0\uB300\uAE30 \uC791\uAC00\uB4E4\uC758 \uBC18\uC601 \uB355\uBD84\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uBCF4\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . "Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta"@en . . . . . . . "Confederation"@en . "Flag of the Muisca Confederation"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Santander Topographic 2.png"@en . "La Confederaci\u00F3n Muisca fue el tipo de organizaci\u00F3n pol\u00EDtico-administrativa que agrup\u00F3 a los muiscas en el territorio central de la actual Rep\u00FAblica de Colombia antes de la Conquista espa\u00F1ola. Las cuatro unidades pol\u00EDtico-territoriales confederadas fueron: el Zipazgo de Muyquyt\u00E1, el Zacazgo de Hunza, el territorio sagrado de Iraca y el territorio sagrado de Tundama, adem\u00E1s de un grupo de territorios aut\u00F3nomos.\u200B\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . "Sagipa"@en . . . . . . "AQUIMINZAQUE.jpg"@en . . . . "Cesar Topographic 2.png"@en . . "Quemuenchatocha"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The Muisca Confederation was a loose confederation of different Muisca rulers (zaques, zipas, iraca, and tundama) in the central Andean highlands of present-day Colombia before the Spanish conquest of northern South America. The area, presently called Altiplano Cundiboyacense, comprised the current departments of Boyac\u00E1, Cundinamarca and minor parts of Santander. According to some Muisca scholars the Muisca Confederation was one of the best-organized confederations of tribes on the South American continent. Modern anthropologists, such as Jorge Gamboa Mendoza, attribute the present-day knowledge about the confederation and its organization more to a reflection by Spanish chroniclers who predominantly wrote about it a century or more after the Muisca were conquered and proposed the idea of a loose collection of different people with slightly different languages and backgrounds."@en . . "~1450"@en . . . . . . . . . "265"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "March 1537"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration muisca a \u00E9t\u00E9 une unit\u00E9 politique constitu\u00E9e par les caciquats muiscas de Bacat\u00E1 et de Hunza ainsi que par les territoires sous l'autorit\u00E9 des caciques Iraca et Tundama dans les actuels d\u00E9partements de Boyac\u00E1 et Cundinamarca, au centre de la Colombie. Avant la colonisation espagnole en 1541, la conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration s'\u00E9tendait du fleuve Chicamocha au nord jusqu'au P\u00E1ramo de Sumapaz au sud et du fleuve Magdalena (actuel Tolima) jusqu'aux savanes des Llanos."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uBB34\uC774\uC2A4\uCE74 \uC5F0\uB9F9"@ko . . . . . . . . . . "Aquiminzaque"@en . . . . . . . . . . "330"^^ . . . . . "zipa Tisquesusa"@en . . . . . . . . . "zipa Nemequene"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Sagipa"@en . . . "The Muisca Confederation was a loose confederation of different Muisca rulers (zaques, zipas, iraca, and tundama) in the central Andean highlands of present-day Colombia before the Spanish conquest of northern South America. The area, presently called Altiplano Cundiboyacense, comprised the current departments of Boyac\u00E1, Cundinamarca and minor parts of Santander."@en . . . . . . . . . . "186"^^ . . . . . . .